er and ir spanish verbs in the present tense
TRANSCRIPT
Present tense conjugation of –er and –ir verbs
-ER & -IR Verbs-ER & -IR VerbsThere are three types of
verbs in Spanish: –AR, –ER, and –IR.
-ER and –IR verbs are often studied together because all of their endings (except nosotros) are identical.
-ER endings-ER endingsThe endings for regular
-ER verbs are the same as for –AR verbs, except that the vowel is E instead of A!
yo - otú - esél, ella, ud-. enosotros - emosellos, ustedes - en
Let‘s Compare-ar verb hablarYo habloTú hablasÉlElla hablaUstedNosotros hablamosEllos/ellasUstedes hablan
-er verb comer Como Comes
Come
Comemos
comen
BEBERBEBERLet’s look at an example, the verb BEBER, which means “to drink.” It ends in –ER, so is an –ER verb.
BEBERBEBERThe verb can be split
into two parts:The base: BEB-The infinitive ending: - -ER
BEBERBEBER
Now let’s say “I drink.”Start with the base:
BEB-When you talk about
yourself, add –O, just as you did for the –AR verbs.
Yo bebo
BEBERBEBERNow let’s talk about
you. When the subject is tú, you add –ES because it is an –ER verb.
Tú bebes
BEBERBEBER
él bebeella bebeusted bebenosotros bebemosellos bebenellas bebenUds. beben
Here are the rest of the conjugations for theverb beber:
LEER, COMPRENDERLEER, COMPRENDER
Miguel ______ (leer) filosofía pero no la ________ (comprender) muy bien.
leelee
comprende
Don’t forget that the base of leer is le-, so there is a double –e on the él form.
Yo creo
Ellos escondenThey hide
Ella respond
e
Él rompeHe breaks
She answers
They runEllos corren
You (familiar) learnTú aprendes
Ella vende
Yo comprendo
Common –er verbsaprenderbebercomercometercomprendercorrercreerdeberesconder
to learnto drinkto eatto committo understand,comprehendto runto believeto owe, shouldto hide
leermeterresponderrompersuspendervender
to readto putto answer,
respondto breakto suspendto sell
What about the –IR What about the –IR Verbs?Verbs?
Well, take a look for yourself. Can you find the one difference?beber vivirbebo vivobebes vivesbebe vivebebemos vivimosbeben viven
That’s right!That’s right!The endings are identical except for the nosotros form:
Regular Present TenseRegular Present Tense
To summarize, here are the endings for the three verb conjugations:-AR -ER -IR-o -o -o-as -es -es-a -e -e-amos –emos –imos-an -en -en
Let’s PracticeLet’s Practice
> ESCRIBIRYo _______ muchas
cartas, pero mi hermana no _____ cartas.
escribo
escribe
Él__________(abrir) la puerta.
Ella __________(unir) las rompecabezas(puzzles).
abre
une
Ellos discuten.
She covers.
They argue.
Ella cubre.
I attend.
Usted decide.
Yo asisto.
Formal
Nosotros existimos.
He goes up.
Él sube.
RECIBIR, DEBERRECIBIR, DEBER
Cuando yo _______ (recibir) una carta, _______ (deber) leerla [read it].
recibo
debo
Note there was no change in subject, so “yo” was understood to be the subject for both verbs. It was not necessary to repeat “yo.”
VIVIR, CORRERVIVIR, CORRER
Nosotros ________ (vivir) cerca de [near] un parque y ________ (correr) allí [there] por la mañana.
vivimos
corremos
Don’t Forget “ir”It is highly irregular and does not follow the regular conjugation.
Common –ir verbsabriradmitirasistircubrirdecidirdescribirdescubrirdiscutir
to opento admitto attendto coverto decideto describeto discoverto argue or discuss
escribirexistirpermitirrecibirsubirsufrirunirvivir
to writeto existto permit, allowto receiveto climbto sufferto unite, jointo live