eraweb call for applications

8/2/2019 ERAWEB Call for Applications

1/21

LTG^J\^ J\BH\^GNXK@B 4

YGTXBLT^FKY^

Okt~x ngee o`t gyyekngxk`b~7Ltg~j|~ J|bh|~*Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ &LTGQLD+ yt`clnx o`t gnghljknj`dkekx{ ~nfègt~fky~ kb xfljgxkn okleh~ tlegxlh x` FLGEXF gbh

Y\DEKN FLGEXF

Lnfgbal dlxqllb L|t`ylgb \bk`b gbh Ql~xltb Dgemgb~

LTG^J\^ J\BH\^ * Gnxk`b 4 Ygtxblt~fky~E`x 77 &Ql~xltb Dgemgb~3 Gedgbkg% D`~bkg / Fltsla`vkbg% Jgnlh`bkg&O[T@J+% M`~`v` &\B^NT 7488;;+% J`bxlblat`% ltdkg+

Xfk~ okt~x ngee o`t gyyekngxk`b~ k~ `ylb ot`j> Oldt|gt{ 4974 x` 4 Gytke 4974% 48399 Nlbxtge L|t`ylgb Xkjl

Xfl yt`clnx yt`vkhl~ o|bhkba o`t ~|d~k~xlbnl gee`qgbnl~% xtgvle n`~x~%kb~|tgbnl gbh ygtxknkygxk`b oll~"

Gee ~x|hlbx lnfgbal kb xfl okt~x ngee o|bhlh d{ LTGQLD% j|~x ~xgtx >7Hlnljdlt 4974 gx xfl egxl~x7"

7 G ~ln`bh ngee o`t gyyekngxk`b~ qkee oèe`q lbh 4974 gbh j|~x ~xgtx >7 Hlnljdlt 497> gx xfl egxl~x= g xfkth ngeeqkee oèe`q lbh 497> gbh j|~x ~xgtx >7 Hlnljdlt 4978 gx xfl egxl~x" Gee lnfgbal j|~x lbh dlo`tl 78 C|e{497


2/21

Ngee o`t gyyekngxk`b~ 4974

LTG^J\^ J\BH\^GNXK@B 4 YGTXBLT^FKY^

Qld~kxl3 qqq"ltg~j|~*ql~xltbdgemgb~"l| _lt~k`b3 > Oldt|gt{ 4974

W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal 4

Xgdel`oN@BXLBX

Xgdel `o N@BXLBX """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 47" Kbxt`h|nxk`b """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" >4" Ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~% g~~`nkgxl~ gbh n`bxgnx~ """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Xfljgxkn okleh~ """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 18" J`dkekx{ """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 6


3/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal >

7"Kbxt`h|nxk`b

LTG^J\^ J\BH\^ QL^XLTB DGEMGB^ &LTGQLD+ k~ gb kbxltbgxk bge gnghljknj`dkekx{ ytàtgjjl kbvèvkba okvl |bkvlt~kxkl~ ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b &L\+ gbh ~kQl~xltb Dgemgb |bkvlt~kxkl~% o`n|~kba `b xfl Flgexf ^nklbnl~" Flgexf goolnx~ xflhlvle`yjlbx ò n`|bxtkl~ g~ qlee g~ nkxkslb~" Kx k~ gb gtlg ò yèkn{ gbh ytgnxknl ne`~le{ekbmlh x` xfl hlvle`yjlbx ytk`tkxkl~ gnt`~~ xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb tlak`b" Gee n`|bxtkl~ kbxfl Tlak`b fgvl ~kablh xfl ^m`ycl yelhal% qfknf n`jjkx~ xflj x` kjyt`vl xflkt flgexf~{~xlj~ gbh lb~|tl |bkvlt~ge gnnl~~ x` fkaf*w|gekx{ y|dekn flgexf ngtl" Flgexf tl~lgtnfn`bxtkd|xl~ x` xfl gnfklvljlbx ò xfl Jkeelbbk|j Hlvle`yjlbx A`ge~"

LTGQLD ghhtl~~l~ xfl k~~|l ò flgexf kb xq` qg{~" Okt~xe{% xfl ytàtgjjl lbfgbnl~ xflgnghljkn ~mkee~ ò ~x|hlbx~% tl~lgtnflt~ gbh xlgnflt~ q`tmkba kb xfl flgexf ~nklbnl~"^ln`bhe{% tl~lgtnf qkxfkb LTGQLD qkee khlbxko{ ognx`t~% qfknf kboe|lbnl xfl flgexf ò xfly`y|egxk`b gbh xfl hlvle`yjlbx ò y`~~kdel kbxltvlbxk`b~ hl~kablh x` kjyt`vl flgexf"

LTGQLD n`b~k~x~ ò o`|t leljlbx~37" J`dkekx{3 Yt`j`xk`b ò gbh ~|yy`tx o`t ~x|hlbx gbh gnghljkn ~xgoo lnfgbal~=4" Tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba3 O`n|~lh `b xfl hlvle`yjlbx% yt`j`xk`b gbh kjyeljlbxgxk`b òc`kbx tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba kb jlhknkbl gbh xfl flgexf ~nklbnl~ &qlee lh|ngxlh ytòl~~k`bge~gtl l~~lbxkge o`t g o|ee{ o|bnxk`bkba flgexfngtl ~{~xlj+=>" ^nklbxkokn hlvle`yjlbx3 LTGQLD lbn`|tgal~ gbh ognkekxgxl~ nèegd`tgxkvl tl~lgtnf kbhk~nkyekbl~ tlegxlh x` xfl flgexf ~nklbnl~=8" Ngygnkx{ d|kehkba3 LTGQLD ~xkj|egxl~ n``yltgxk`b dlxqllb xfl ygtxblt~ gbh~xtlbaxflb~ xfl ~|~xgkbgdkekx{ ò L\*o|bhlh yt`clnx~ kb Jljdlt ^xgxl~" Xft`|af xfllnfgbal ò ~x|hlbx~ gbh d{ xtgkbkba xfl xtgkblt gnxkvkxkl~% xfl ngygnkx{ kb xfl Flgexf

^nklbnl~ kb xltj~ ò w|gekx{ gbh w|gbxkx{ ò tl~lgtnflt~ gbh yèkn{ jgmlt~ qkee dllb~|tlh d`xf kb xfl blgt gbh xfl j`tl hk~xgbx o|x|tl"

J`dkekx{H|tkba xfl xkjlotgjl ò xfl yt`clnx% gd`|x 769 kbhkvkh|ge~ ot`j |bhltatgh|gxl x` y`~x*h`nx`tgxl elvle gbh ~xgoo jljdlt~ qkee lbc`{ g ~x|h{ yltk`h gdt`gh x` d``~x xflktmb`qelhal gbh kb~kafx kbx` tl~lgtnf kb xfl flgexf ~nklbnl~" @|t ygtxblt~fky n`jytk~l~~`jl ò xfl egtal~x gbh j`~x ~|nnl~~o|e flgexf ~nklbnl~ ogn|exkl~ kb L|t`yl" G~ xfl~l|bkvlt~kxkl~ qkee d|bhel% xflkt mb`qelhal gbh lyltxk~l% gee xf`~l g~yktkba x` dln`jl gbgnghljkn% qflxflt kb jlhknkbl% xfl y|dekn ~lnx`t `t kb kbh|~xt{% kb xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~`t kb xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b% qkee dlblokx ot`j xfl dl~x kbxltbgxk`bge lh|ngxk`bge tl~`|tnl~ kb

flgexf ~nklbnl"Qflb tlnt|kxkba ~x|hlbx~% LTGQLD ~llm~ x` khlbxko{ lnleelbx ~x|hlbx~ ot`j at`|y~ xfgxgtl |bhlttlytl~lbxlh kb jlhknkbl gbh flgexf ~nklbnl~% qfknf fgvl dllb ngtlo|ee{hlokblh" Xf`~l qf` gtl n`b~khltlh kb xfk~ yt`clnx kbne|hl tlo|all~% kbxltbgee{ hk~yegnlhylt~`b~% q`jlb gbh T`jg yl`yel"

@dclnxkvl~Xfl `dclnxkvl~ ò LTGQLD gtl3

* X` ntlgxl fkafe{*xtgkblh atgh|gxl~ kb xfl flgexf ~nklbnl~ gx xfl |bhltatgh|gxl%Jg~xlt~% h`nx`tgxl gbh y`~x*h`nx`tgxl elvle~ atgh|gxl~ qf` ngb xgnmel d`xfe`nge gbh tlak`bge y|dekn flgexf yt`delj~ gbh mlly ygnl qkxf hlvle`yjlbx~ kb xfk~okleh q`tehqkhl"


4/21





* X` gnfklvl ~|~xgkblh kjyt`vljlbx~ kb mb`qelhal% xlgnfkba gbh tl~lgtnf ~mkee~ kbxfl flgexf ~nklbnl~ kb xfkth n`|bxtkl~ &k"l" n`|bxtkl~ xfgx gtl b`x ygtx ò xfl

L|t`ylgb \bk`b+"

* X` lbfgbnl xfl xtgb~bgxk`bge tl~lgtnf y`xlbxkge o`t hlgekba qkxf e`nge% tlak`bgegbh ae`dge y|dekn flgexf nfgeelbal~ tl~lgtnf qkxf g ~xt`ba ~`nkge n`jjkxjlbxxfgx lbfgbnl~ xfl vge|l ò ytlvk`|~ L\*o|bhlh yt`clnx~"

* X` kbntlg~l ygtxknkygxk`b d{ xfl j`~x hk~ghvgbxgalh at`|y~ kb xfkth n`|bxtkl~%qf`~l y|dekn flgexf bllh~ qkee dl yegnlh `b xfl galbhg o`t hlvle`ykba gbhkjyeljlbxkba tl~lgtnf kb xfl flgexf ~nklbnl~ gbh flgexf kbxltvlbxk`b~"

* X` o`tal eg~xkba ekbm~ b`x `be{ dlxqllb xfl L|t`ylgb gbh Egxkb Gjltkngb ygtxblt|bkvlt~kxkl~% d|x ge~` dlxqllb gbh qkxfkb xfl L\ gbh Egxkb Gjltkngb n`|bxtkl~"

* X` kjyt`vl xfl ygtxknkygbx~ egba|gal gbh n|ex|tge ~mkee~% xf|~ yt`j`xkba qkhlt

j|x|ge lbtknfjlbx gbh |bhlt~xgbhkba dlxqllb xfl ylt~`b~ kbvèvlh"

Kb `thlt x` `dxgkb g hlatll% ygtxknkygbx~ ~f`|eh n`jye{ qkxf xfl xftll oèe`qkbatlw|ktljlbx~% qfknf xfl{ qkee gnmb`qelhal kb g qtkxxlb gatlljlbx ytk`t x` ygtxknkygxkbakb g ~x|h{% xtgkbkba% `t tl~lgtnf ytàtgjjl gdt`gh3

7+ N`jjkxjlbx x` xfl ~ylnkokn yltk`h ò ~x|h{% xtgkbkba `t tl~lgtnf gdt`gh"

4+ ^|nnl~~o|e n`jyelxk`b ò xfl n`|t~l `t ytàtgjjl~ gatllh"

>+ Tlx|tb x` xflkt f`jl n`|bxtkl~ goxlt xfk~ yltk`h"

Ygtxknkygbx~ ot`j `bl ò xfl ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~ qkee tlnlkvl xfl xkxel ot`j xflkt

|bkvlt~kx{ ò `tkakb `be{ qflb xfl{ tlx|tb x` xfl n`|bxt{ kb qfknf xfgx |bkvlt~kx{ k~e`ngxlh"

Xfl tl~lgtnf x`ykn~ n`vltlh kb xfl yt`clnx qkee dl hktlnxe{ tlelvgbx x` xfkth n`|bxtkl~bllh~% lb~|tkba xfgx ygtxknkygbx~ tlx|tb x` xflkt f`jl n`|bxtkl~ qkxf mb`qelhal gbh~mkee~ xfgx lb~|tl xfl{ ngb okbh ~|kxgdel ytòl~~k`bge `yy`tx|bkxkl~ xfltl"

Okbgee{% gee gatlljlbx~ xfgx gtl jghl dlxqllb xfkth*n`|bxt{ ~x|hlbx~ gbh xflkt x|x`t~gbh gnghljkn ~xgoo gx f`~x |bkvlt~kxkl~ qkee gyye{ ~èle{ x` xfl gnghljkn yltk`h~ òoltlh|bhlt xfl yt`clnx kb w|l~xk`b" Gb{ ~n`yl o`t o|txflt lh|ngxk`b `t q`tm gx xfl f`~x|bkvlt~kxkl~ qkee dl lyeknkxe{ lne|hlh"


5/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal


6/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal ?

Ltg~j|~ \bkvlt~kx{ Jlhknge Nlbxlt T`xxlthgjT``j Gl>4?

Y@ D` 4989>999 NG T`xxlthgjXfl Blxfltegbh~Yf`bl3 ->7 &9+ 79 198 >;;4L*jgke3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"beQld~kxl3 qqq"bkfl~"be

qqq"ltg~j|~*ql~xltbdgemgb~"l|


7/21





>"Xfljgxknokleh~LTGQLD ghhtl~~l~ xfl xfljgxkn okleh~3 flgexf / flgexfngtl% y|dekn flgexf gbh flgexfln`b`jkn~" Xfl xlgnfkba ytàtgjjl~ yt`vkhlh d{ xfl n`b~`txk|j qkee akvl ygtxknkygbx~x`y*elvle xtgkbkba xfgx ytlygtl~ xflj o`t ngtllt~ kb nekbknge% dk`jlhknge% y|dekn flgexf `tgyyeklh tl~lgtnf" ^|nf ~x|hkl~ qkee lbgdel ygtxknkygbx~ x` n`bot`bx xfl nfgeelbal~ kb xflbgx|tge ~nklbnl~% flgexf ~nklbnl~% ~`nkge ~nklbnl~% gbh yèkn{ ~lnx`t xfgx ognl xflj gbhxfl q`teh d`xf b`q gbh kb xfl o|x|tl" G~ j`~x flgexf xftlgx~ fgvl g ~kabkokngbxkbxltbgxk`bge hkjlb~k`b% xfk~ kbxltbgxk`bge ylt~ylnxkvl qkee dl ò atlgx kjy`txgbnl"

Xfl ygtxkn|egt o`n|~ qkxfkb xfl~l gtlg~ k~ x` kjyt`vl flgexf gbh flgexfngtl% gbh x`tlh|nl ~`nk`*ln`b`jkn kblw|gekxkl~" Xlgnfkba gbh tl~lgtnf x`ykn~ kbne|hl x`ykn~ ò

ygtxkn|egt tlelvgbnl x` kbxltbgxk`bge flgexf gbh xfl flgexf ~kx|gxk`b kb xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgbn`|bxtkl~ kbvèvlh" Xfl~l kbne|hl gj`ba `xflt~3 Nekbknge jgbgaljlbx= ^`nk`*ln`b`jkn hkooltlbnl~ kb flgexf gbh gnnl~~ x` ngtl= Kbolnxk`|~*hk~lg~l jgbgaljlbx= ^l|gee{ xtgb~jkxxlh hk~lg~l~= @nn|ygxk`bge gbh dlfgvk`|tge flgexf*tk~m ognx`t~= Alblxkn gbh lbvkt`bjlbxge hlxltjkbgbx~ ò flgexf &~|nf g~ hljlbxkg% aeg|n`jg%

~xt`ml% ngthk`vg~n|egt hk~lg~l~% ngbnlt% j{`ykg% bl|t`y~{nfkgxtkn hk~lg~l~%yglhkgxtkn hk~lg~l~% gbh nft`bkn tl~yktgx`t{ hk~lg~l~+=

Tlh|nxk`b kb xfl b|jdlt ò hlgxf~ h|l x` ytlvlbxgdel ognx`t~"

Gb kbvlbx`t{ ò xfl n`|t~l~ xg|afx d{ lgnf |bkvlt~kx{ kb xfl n`b~`txk|j gbh xflkttl~lgtnf ekbl~ `b òolt k~ gvgkegdel `b xfl yt`clnx~ qld~kxl qqq"ltg~j|~*ql~xltbdgemgb~"l| |bhlt xfl ekbm Gnghljkn @ooltkba~" Yelg~l dl gqgtl xfgx xfl ek~x~ gtlb`x lfg|~xkvl% gbh jg{ dl |yhgxlh h|tkba xfl ngee o`t gyyekngxk`b~"

^x|hlbx~ gbh ~nfègt~ ngb nf``~l ot`j g qkhl vgtklx{ ò gnghljkn okleh~ gx hkooltlbxelvle~ ò ~x|h{ &|bhltatgh|gxl% jg~xlt% h`nx`tgxl% y`~x*h`nx`tgxl gbh ~xgoo lnfgbal+òoltlh d{ lgnf ò xfl ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~" Xfl n`b~`txk|j qkee ~lelnx qfknf gyyekngbx~qkee tlnlkvl ~nfègt~fky~ `b xfl dg~k~ ò xfl ~lelnxk`b ntkxltkg &~ll nfgyxlt ?+"

Xfl yt`clnx okbgbnl~ lylb~l~% kbne|hkba xtgvle n`~x~% ~|d~k~xlbnl gee`qgbnl~% kb~|tgbnln`~x~ gbh ygtxknkygxk`b oll~"


8/21





8"J`dkekx{

LTGQLD qkee òolt gd`|x 769 ~nfègt~fky~ kb x`xge% hkvkhlh `vlt xftll ngee~ o`t gyyekngxk`b&kb 4974% 497> gbh 4978+% gbh hk~xtkd|xlh kb xfl hkooltlbx xgtalx at`|y~ gbh gnghljknelvle~" Xfl h|tgxk`b ò ~nfègt~fky~ k~ tlegxlh x` gnghljkn ngelbhgt~ gnn`thkba x` xfloèe`qkba L|t`ylgb N`jjk~~k`b t|el~3 `bl ~ljl~xlt : 8 x` ? j`bxf~% 7 gnghljkn {lgt :79 x` 74 j`bxf~" 4 gnghljkn {lgt~ : 44 x` 48 j`bxf~% > gnghljkn {lgt~ : >8 x` >?j`bxf~"

Xgtalxat`|y~

Xftll xgtalx at`|y~ gtl hlokblh3Xgtalx at`|y 73 ^x|hlbx~ gbh ~xgoo ò xfl |bkvlt~kxkl~ ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b `t xfl

Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ xfgx gtl jljdlt~ ò xfl ygtxblt~fky=Xgtalx at`|y 43 QD Bgxk`bge~% xgmkba kbx` gnn`|bx nkxkslb~fky% ot`j xfl Ql~xltb

Dgemgb~ b`x tlak~xltlh gx g |bkvlt~kx{ xfgx k~ g jljdlt ò xfl ygtxblt~fky% d|x jllx xfllekakdkekx{ ntkxltkg=

Xgtalx at`|y >3 QD Bgxk`bge~% xgmkba kbx` gnn`|bx nkxkslb~fky% ot`j xfl Ql~xltbDgemgb~ qf` jllx xfl lekakdkekx{ ntkxltkg gbh dle`ba x` at`|y~ xfgx gtl n|ttlbxe{ |bhlt*tlytl~lbxlh kb Ql~xltb Dgemgb kb~xkx|xk`b~ o`t fkaflt lh|ngxk`b% kbne|hkba tlo|all~%kbxltbgee{ hk~yegnlh ylt~`b~% q`jlb gbh T`jg yl`yel"

Kbo`tjgxk`byltgnghljknelvle

\bhltatgh|gxl elvle3 ;; ~nfègt~fky~H|tgxk`b3 d`xf ot`j Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ gbh L|t`ylgb \bk`b `bl ~ljl~xlt x` 79 j`bxf~"

\bhltatgh|gxl~nfègt~fky~ gtl hl~kablh o`t3^x|hlbx~ kb xgtalx at`|y~ 7 gbh > &^x|hlbx~ kb xgtalx at`|y 4 gtl b`x lekakdel+=^x|hlbx~ h|tkba xflkt eg~x {lgt~ ò |bhltatgh|gxl ytàtgjjl=Ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba yfg~l~ o`t L|t`ylgb \bk`b ~x|hlbx~=Xfl`tlxknge gbh ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba o`t ~x|hlbx~ ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb

n`|bxtkl~"Jlhknge ~x|hlbx~ qkee dl n`b~khltlh g~ |bhltatgh|gxl ~x|hlbx~"

Jg~xlt~ elvle3 46 ~nfègt~fky~H|tgxk`b3 ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ `bl ~ljl~xlt x` 48 j`bxf~% ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb\bk`b `bl ~ljl~xlt x` 79 j`bxf~"Jg~xlt~~nfègt~fky~ gtl hl~kablh o`t3Ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba yfg~l~ o`t L|t`ylgb \bk`b ~x|hlbx~=Xfl`tlxknge gbh ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba o`t ylt~`b~ ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb

n`|bxtkl~=^ylnkokn tlw|ktljlbx~3Xgtalx at`|y 4 ~x|hlbx~ jg{ `t jg{ b`x dl tlak~xltlh gx g |bkvlt~kx{ kb `bl ò xfl

lekakdel n`|bxtkl~ kb xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~% b`x dlkba `bl ò xfl ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~=^x|hlbx~ ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb |bk`b j|~x fgvl `dxgkblh xflkt okt~x fkaflt lh|ngxk`b

hlatll h|tkba xfl ~gjl gnghljkn {lgt n`kbnkhkba qkxf xfl ~xgtx ò xfl lekakdkekx{ yltk`h


9/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal ;

H`nx`tgxl &YfH+ elvle3 76 ~nfègt~fky~H|tgxk`b3ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~3 ? x` >? j`bxf~= ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b3 ? x` 79

j`bxf~H`nx`tgxl ~nfègt~fky~ gtl hl~kablh o`t=YfH tl~lgtnf yt`clnx~% eg~xkba |y x` xftll gnghljkn {lgt~ o`t ~x|hlbx~ ot`j xfl

Ql~xltb Dgemgb~=Ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba yfg~l~ o`t L|t`ylgb \bk`b ~x|hlbx~=Xfl`tlxknge gbh ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba o`t ylt~`b~ ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~^ylnkokn tlw|ktljlbx~=Xgtalx at`|y 4 ~x|hlbx~ jg{ `t jg{ b`x dl tlak~xltlh gx g |bkvlt~kx{ kb xfl lekakdel

n`|bxtkl~ kb xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~% b`x dlkba `bl ò xfl ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~"^x|hlbx~ ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb n`|bxtkl~% gyye{kba o`t g h`nx`tgxl ~nfègt~fky ò >?

j`bxf~ fgvl x` gyye{ kb xfk~ okt~x ngee kb 4974^x|hlbx~ ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb |bk`b j|~x fgvl `dxgkblh xflkt ~ln`bh fkaflt lh|ngxk`b

hlatll h|tkba xfl ~gjl gnghljkn {lgt n`kbnkhkba qkxf xfl ~xgtx ò xfl lekakdkekx{ yltk`h

Y`~x*h`nx`tgxl elvle3 7> ~nfègt~fky~H|tgxk`b3 d`xfot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ gbh L|t`ylgb \bk`b3 ?*79 j`bxf~"Y`~x*h`nx`tgxl~nfègt~fky~ gtl hl~kablh3Ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba yfg~l~ o`t ylt~`b~ ot`j L|t`ylgb \bk`b=Xfl`tlxknge gbh ytgnxknge tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba o`t ylt~`b~ ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~^ylnkokn tlw|ktljlbx~3Y`~x h`nx`tgxl L|t`ylgb \bk`b ~nfègt~ j|~x fgvl `dxgkblh xflkt h`nx`tgxl kb xfl eg~x 4

{lgt~"

Xlgnfkba ~xgoo3 44 ~nfègt~fky~H|tgxk`b3 d`xf ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ gbh xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b3 7*> j`bxf~"^xgoo~nfègt~fky~ gtl hl~kablh o`t3^xgoo xlgnfkba=Ogn|ex{ d|kehkba=^lxxkba |y gbh n`b~èkhgxl tl~lgtnf nèegd`tgxk`b gbh ngtt{kba `|x tl~lgtnf gdt`gh=^xtlbaxflb kbxltbgxk`bge n`*`yltgxk`b ngygnkx{ ò fkaflt lh|ngxk`b kb~xkx|xk`b~ kb xfl

Ql~xltb Dgemgb~^ylnkokn tlw|ktljlbx~3^xgoo j|~x q`tm kb `t dl g~~`nkgxlh x` g |bkvlt~kx{ qkxfkb xfl ygtxblt~fky"

Tl~lgtnf xtgkbkba o`n|~l~ `b xfl hlvle`yjlbx% yt`j`xk`b gbh |bhltxgmkba ò c`kbxtl~lgtnf xtgkbkba kb jlhknkbl gbh flgexf ~nklbnl~" LTGQLD lbn`|tgal~ gbh ognkekxgxl~nèegd`tgxkvl tl~lgtnf kb hk~nkyekbl~ tlegxlh x` flgexf ~nklbnl~"

J`~x ò xfl j`dkekx{ ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ x` xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~kbvèvl~ xtgkbkba ~x|hlbx~ gx xfl |bhltatgh|gxl% Jg~xlt~ gbh YfH elvle" ^xgoo j`dkekx{jgkbe{ kbvèvl~ xlgnflt xtgkbkba gbh ogn|ex{ d|kehkba dlxqllb xfl vgtk`|~ kb~xkx|xk`b~"

G ~ylnkge nfgtgnxltk~xkn ò xfk~ yt`clnx k~ xfl o`n|~ `b ~x|hlbx~ ot`j at`|y~ xfgx gtln|ttlbxe{ |bhlt*tlytl~lbxlh kb Ql~xltb Dgemgb kb~xkx|xk`b~ o`t fkaflt lh|ngxk`b% qfknfgtl hlokblh g~ tlo|all~% kbxltbgee{ hk~yegnlh ylt~`b~% q`jlb gbh T`jg yl`yel &xgtalxat`|y > ~x|hlbx~+" ^x|hlbx~ ot`j xfl~l at`|y~ gtl lbn`|tgalh x` ygtxknkygxl kb xflj`dkekx{ ~nfljl~ gbh qkee dl ~lelnxlh `b xfl dg~k~ ò g ek~x ò ntkxltkg hl~ntkdlh kb nfgyxlt

?"


10/21





B|jdltògvgkegdel~nfègt~fky~Xfl b|jdlt ò gvgkegdel ~nfègt~fky~ ylt n`|bxt{ gbh j`dkekx{ x{yl k~ ~f`qb kb xfl xgdeldle`q3

B|jdlt ò gvgkegdel ~nfègt~fky~

X{yl ò j`dkekx{

&h|tgxk`b+

L|t`ylgb

\bk`bQl~xltb Dgemgb~ X@XGE

Xgtalx

at`|y 7

N`|bxt{

n`hl

Xgtalx

at`|y 7

Xgtalx

at`|y 4

Xgtalx

at`|y >

\bhltatgh|gxl~ 79

GE 7> 4

;;DG 7> 4

JM 7> 4

T^ 84 4

Jg~xlt~ ~x|hlbx~ 4

GE 4 4 7

46DG 4 4 7

JM 4 4 7

T^ ? > 4

YfH ~x|hlbx~ 7

GE 7 7 7

76DG 7 7 7

JM 7 7 7

T^ > > 4

Y`~x*h`nx`tgxl~ 7

GE 7 7

7>DG 7 7

JM 7 7

T^ 4 4 4

^xgoo 8

GE >

44DG >

JM >

T^ ;

X`xge 76 7?4 769

GE3 Gedgbkg= DG3 D`~bkg gbh Fltsla`vkbg= JM3 Jgnlh`bkg= T^3 ^ltdkg

Xgtalx at`|y 73 ^x|hlbx~ gbh ~xgoo ò xfl |bkvlt~kxkl~ xfgx gtl jljdlt~ ò xflygtxblt~fky

Xgtalx at`|y 43 QD bgxk`bge~% xgmkba kbx` gnn`|bx nkxkslb~fky ò Ql~xltb Dgemgbn`|bxtkl~ qf` jllx xfl lekakdkekx{ ntkxltkg% d|x b`x tlak~xltlh gx g |bkvlt~kx{ xfgx k~ gjljdlt ò xfl ygtxblt~fky

Xgtalx at`|y >3 QD bgxk`bge~% xgmkba kbx` gnn`|bx nkxkslb~fky% ò Ql~xltb Dgemgbn`|bxtkl~ qf` jllx xfl lekakdkekx{ ntkxltkg gbh dle`ba x` at`|y~% qf` gtl n|ttlbxe{|bhlt*tlytl~lbxlh kb Ql~xltb Dgemgb kb~xkx|xk`b~ o`t fkaflt lh|ngxk`b hlokblh g~tlo|all~% kbxltbgee{ hk~yegnlh ylt~`b~% q`jlb gbh T`jg yl`yel


11/21






12/21





ql~xltbdgemgb~"l|" Yelg~l dl gqgtl xfgx xfl ek~x~ gtl b`x lfg|~xkvl gbh jg{ dl|yhgxlh h|tkba xfl ngee o`t gyyekngxk`b~" Kb YHO okel~% bgjl~ gbh n`bxgnx hgxg gtl

gvgkegdel o`t ~ylnkokn w|l~xk`b~ n`bnltbkba tl~lgtnf `yxk`b~ gbh n`|t~l ytàtgjjl~"

Egba|galJ`~x n`|t~l~ gtl òoltlh kb Lbaek~f" ^`jl n`|t~l~% l~ylnkgee{ gx xfl |bhltatgh|gxl elvlegtl `be{ òoltlh kb xfl e`nge egba|gal &o`t j`tl kbo`tjgxk`b ~ll gnghljkn òoltkba~ `bqqq"ltg~j|~*ql~xltbdgemgb~"l|+" Tl~lgtnf ngb dl h`bl kb Lbaek~f kb gee n`|bxtkl~"Ygylt~ qkee dl qtkxxlb kb Lbaek~f kb gee n`|bxtkl~"

Ntlhkx~{~xljGee ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~ gatllh x` n`bvltx ntlhkx~ qfltl bllhlh gbh gqgth hkye`jg~ `tnltxkokngxl~ qkxfkb xfl L|t`ylgb Ntlhkx Xtgb~olt ^{~xlj &LNX^+ gbh &ko gyyekngdel+ e`ngentlhkx~" @bl LNX^ lw|ge~ 46 f`|t~% ~k j`bxf~ lw|ge >9 LNX^% gbh `bl gnghljkn {lgt

lw|ge~ ?9 LNX^" Gee |bkvlt~kxkl~ qkee gnnlyx xfl hk~xtkd|xk`b ò neg~~l~ gbh ~leo*~x|h{gnn`thkba x` xfl ytgnxknl gx xfl f`~x |bkvlt~kx{"

GnghljknTlnàbkxk`b^x|h{ yltk`h~ gdt`gh qkee dl tlnàbkslh d{ f`jl |bkvlt~kxkl~% yt`vkhlh xtgkbkba a`ge~gatllh gtl jlx"

Ko n`|t~l~ gtl oèe`qlh gx xfl f`~x |bkvlt~kx{ x` tlyegnl n`jy|e~`t{ n`|t~l~ kb xfl f`jln`|bxt{% xfl f`jl |bkvlt~kx{ ~f`|eh gatll `b xfl b|jdlt ò ntlhkx~ ò n`|t~l~ gbhghhkxk`bge tlw|ktljlbx~ x` yg~~ n`jy|e~`t{ n`|t~l~ gx xfl f`jl |bkvlt~kx{" O`tkbhkvkh|ge j`dkekx{ |bhltatgh|gxl `t jg~xlt ytàtgjjl~% xfl gatlljlbx ò xflytàtgjjl hktlnx`t `t lgjkbgxk`b d`gth jg{ dl bllhlh &gnn`thkba x` xfl t|el~ ò xfl

f`jl |bkvlt~kx{+"

Qfltl gyyekngdel gbh gatllh d{ xfl f`~x |bkvlt~kx{% ~x|hlbx~ jg{ tlnlkvl g hlatll ot`jxfl f`~x |bkvlt~kx{ g~ qlee% o`t lgjyel kb ng~l~ g x`xge Jg~xlt ytàtgjjl k~ h`bl gx xflf`~x |bkvlt~kx{"

Gvgkegdeln`|t~l~gbhtl~lgtnf`yxk`b~G ek~x ò gvgkegdel n`|t~l~ gbh tl~lgtnf x`ykn~ ylt ygtxblt |bkvlt~kx{ gtl `b xfl yt`clnxqld~kxl3 qqq"ltg~j|~*ql~xltbdgemgb~"l| |bhlt xfl ekbm gnghljkn òoltkba~" Yelg~l dlgqgtl xfgx xfl ek~x~ gtl b`x lfg|~xkvl% gbh jg{ dl |yhgxlh h|tkba xfl ngee o`tgyyekngxk`b~" Kb xfl YHO okel~% bgjl~ gbh n`bxgnx hgxg gtl gvgkegdel o`t ~ylnkokn w|l~xk`b~gd`|x tl~lgtnf `yxk`b~ gbh n`|t~l ytàtgjjl~"

H|tgxk`b\bhltatgh|gxl~3 d`xf ot`j Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ gbh L|t`ylgb \bk`b3 `bl ~ljl~xlt x` 79

j`bxf~Jg~xlt~3 ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~3 `bl ~ljl~xlt x` 48 j`bxf~= ot`j xfl

L|t`ylgb \bk`b `bl ~ljl~xlt x` 79 j`bxf~H`nx`tgxl~3 ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~3 ? x` >? j`bxf~= ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b3

? x` 79 j`bxf~Y`~x*h`nx`tgxl~3 d`xfot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ gbh L|t`ylgb \bk`b3 ? x` 79 j`bxf~^xgoo3 d`xf ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ gbh xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b3 7*> j`bxf~

Gee ~x|hlbx lnfgbal &|bhltatgh|gxl% jg~xlt% h`nx`tgxl% y`~x h`nx`tgxl+3

* J|~x ~xgtx >7 Hlnljdlt 4974 gx xfl egxl~x kb xfk~ okt~x ngee &gyyekngxk`b hlghekbl 4Gytke 4974 48 f`|t~ nlbxtge L|t`ylgb xkjl+"


13/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal 7>

* J|~x ~xgtx >7 Hlnljdlt 497> gx xfl egxl~x kb xfl ~ln`bh ngee &gyyekngxk`b hlghekbl kb~ytkba 497>+"

* J|~x ~xgtx >7 Hlnljdlt 4978 gx xfl egxl~x kb xfl ~ln`bh ngee &gyyekngxk`b hlghekbl kb~ytkba 4978+"

* ^xgoo ngb ~xgtx gb{ xkjl qkxfkb xfl yt`clnx"* Gee lnfgbal j|~x lbh dlo`tl 78 C|e{ 497


14/21





?"^lelnxk`bntkxltkgLTGQLD ~|yy`tx~ lw|ge `yy`tx|bkxkl~% albhlt dgegbnl gbh ~`nkge lw|kx{% gee ò qfknf qkeedl kjy`txgbx ntkxltkg kb xfl ~lelnxk`b ò gyyekngbx~" ^`nk`*ln`b`jkn hkooltlbnl~ kb flgexfqkee dl kjy`txgbx x`ykn~ kb xfl lh|ngxk`bge gbh tl~lgtnf x`ykn~ kbne|hlh kb xflytàtgjjl" O`t ylt~`b~ qkxf e`q ~`nk`*ln`b`jkn tl~`|tnl~% flgexf k~ c|~x `bl ò xflktq`ttkl~% g~ kx k~ òxlb n`jy`|bhlh d{ g egnm ò okbgbnkge jlgb~ gbh flgexf mb`qelhal"Kjyt`vkba xfl flgexf ò xfl~l y`y|egxk`b~ qkee ~xkj|egxl ~`nkge ygtxknkygxk`b% `ylb`yy`tx|bkxkl~ x` y|t~|l hkooltlbx ngtllt~% albltgxl j`tl lw|ge nfgbnl~% gbh kjyt`vl~`nkge lw|kx{"

Jkbkj|jgnghljknw|gekokngxk`b~ \bhltatgh|gxl ~x|hlbx~3 Gyyekngbx~ gtl lekakdel ko xfl{ gtl tlak~xltlh o`t gb

|bhltatgh|gxl ~x|h{ gx `bl ò xfl ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~" Kb j`~x n`|bxtkl~% jlhknge~x|hlbx~ h`kba kbxltb~fky~ gtl |bhltatgh|gxl~" O`t xfl y|ty`~l ò lnfgbal kbLTGQLD% gee jlhknge ~x|hlbx~ qkee dl n`b~khltlh ygtx ò xfl |bhltatgh|gxl~ at`|yg~ xflkt gnxkvkxkl~ qkee dl ~kjkegt"

Jg~xlt~ ~x|hlbx~3 Gyyekngbx~ j|~x fgvl g okt~x fkaflt lh|ngxk`b &|bhltatgh|gxl+hlatll" O`t xgtalx at`|y 7% gyyekngbx~ fgvl x` dl tlak~xltlh o`t g Jg~xlt~ytàtgjjl kb xflkt f`jl |bkvlt~kx{" ^x|hlbx~ ngb ge~` gyye{ o`t g Jg~xlt~ j`dkekx{qflb xfl{ getlgh{ fgvl g Jg~xlt*hlatll kb g hkooltlbx hk~nkyekbl"

H`nx`tgxl &YfH+ ~x|hlbx~3 Gyyekngbx~ gtl lekakdel ko xfl{ fgvl g Jg~xlt~ hlatll `tfgvl ~xgtxlh xflkt YfH getlgh{"

Y`~x*h`nx`tgxl~3 Gyyekngbx~ gtl lekakdel ko xfl{ fèh g YfH" Y`~x h`nx`tgxl ~nfègt~ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b j|~x fgvl `dxgkblh xflkt h`nx`tgxl kb xfl eg~x 4 {lgt~"

^xgoo3 gyyekngbx~ gtl lekakdel ko xfl{ fgvl xlgnfkba xg~m~" Xfl{ ngb ge~` dl g y`~x*h`nqkxf xlgnfkba xg~m~

Dl~khl~ xfl~l w|gekokngxk`b~% e`nge w|gekokngxk`b~ o`t ~ylnkokn ytàtgjjl~ gtl gyyekngdel"O`t ~ylnkokn tlw|ktljlbx~ ~ll Nfgyxlt 8 J`dkekx{% ygtx Kbo`tjgxk`b ylt gnghljkn elvle"

Lekakdkekx{t|el~7" Gyyekngbx~ ngbb`x dlblokx ot`j j`tl xfgb `bl ~nfègt~fky qkxfkb xfl LTGQLD

yt`clnx% b`t ngb xfl{ dlblokx ot`j g ~ln`bh ~nfègt~fky o`t xfl ~gjl mkbh ò j`dkekx{|bhlt gb`xflt Ltg~j|~ J|bh|~ Gnxk`b 4 ygtxblt~fky yt`clnx &LJG4*^XTGBH7+

4" Gyyekngbx~ ot`j xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ fgvl b`x tl~khlh b`t fgvl ngttklh `|x xflktjgkb gnxkvkx{ &~x|hkl~% q`tm% lxn"+ o`t j`tl xfgb g x`xge ò 74 j`bxf~ `vlt xfl eg~x

okvl {lgt~ kb `bl ò xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b n`|bxtkl~ gx xfl xkjl ò ~|djkxxkba xflktgyyekngxk`b

>" Lnfgbal dlxqllb |bkvlt~kxkl~ kb xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b `t dlxqllb Ql~xltb Dgemgb|bkvlt~kxkl~ k~ b`x y`~~kdel" &J`dkekx{ oe`q~ o`t ~x|hlbx~ gbh gnghljkn ~xgoo j|~x aòt`j xfl ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~ kb xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b x` xfl ygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~ kb xflQl~xltb Dgemgb~% gbh ot`j xfl lekakdel n`|bxtkl~ kb xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~ x` xflygtxblt |bkvlt~kxkl~ kb L|t`yl"+

8" Gyyekngbx~ j|~x dle`ba x` `bl ò xfl xgtalx at`|y~ hlokblh gd`vl" Gyyekngbx~ j|~x~xgxl x` qfknf xgtalx at`|y xfl{ dle`ba gx xfl xkjl ò xfl gyyekngxk`b


15/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal 73 Gyyekngbx~ qf` gtl n|ttlbxe{ |bhlt*tlytl~lbxlh kb Ql~xltbDgemgb kb~xkx|xk`b~ o`t fkaflt lh|ngxk`b" Xfl{ gtl hlokblh g~ tlo|all~% kbxltbgee{hk~yegnlh ylt~`b~% q`jlb gbh T`jg yl`yel"

74"Gyyekngbx~ j|~x fgvl ~|ooknklbx mb`qelhal ò xfl egba|gal kb qfknf xfl n`|t~l~ gtl

xg|afx `t kb qfknf tl~lgtnf k~ h`bl gx xfl f`~x |bkvlt~kx{% ytloltgde{% qkxf lvkhlbnlot`j gb òoknkge egba|gal xl~x" Xfl tlw|ktlh egba|gal elvle gnn`thkba x` xfl xgdeldle`q &N`jj`b Tloltlbnl Elvle~3 ae`dge ~ngel+ k~3

* \bhltatgh|gxl~3 jkbkj|j D7* Jg~xlt3 jkbkj|j D4* H`nx`tgxl~% y`~x h`nx`tgxl~% Gnghljkn ~xgoo3 jkbkj|j D4% &Lbaek~f% ytloltgde{

N7+"7>"Gb kbxltvklq jg{ dl ygtx ò xfl ~lelnxk`b yt`nl~~"


16/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal 7?

XgdelN`jj`bTloltlbnlElvle~3ae`dge~ngel#

|~lt

G7 Ngb |bhlt~xgbh gbh |~l ogjkekgt lvlt{hg{ lytl~~k`b~ gbh vlt{ dg~kn yftg~l~ gkjlh gx xfl

~gxk~ognxk`b ò bllh~ ò g n`bntlxl x{yl" Ngb kbxt`h|nl fkjflt~leo gbh `xflt~ gbh ngb g~m gbhgb~qlt w|l~xk`b~ gd`|x ylt~`bge hlxgke~ ~|nf g~ qfltl fl~fl ekvl~% yl`yel fl~fl mb`q~ gbhxfkba~ fl~fl fg~" Ngb kbxltgnx kb g ~kjyel qg{ yt`vkhlh xfl `xflt ylt~`b xgem~ ~e`qe{ gbhnelgte{ gbh k~ ytlygtlh x` fley"

Dg~kn

G4 Ngb |bhlt~xgbh ~lbxlbnl~ gbh otlw|lbxe{ |~lh lytl~~k`b~ tlegxlh x` gtlg~ ò j`~x kjjlhkgxltlelvgbnl &l"a" vlt{ dg~kn ylt~`bge gbh ogjke{ kbo`tjgxk`b% ~f`yykba% e`nge alàtgyf{%ljye`{jlbx+" Ngb n`jj|bkngxl kb ~kjyel gbh t`|xkbl xg~m~ tlw|ktkba g ~kjyel gbh hktlnxlnfgbal ò kbo`tjgxk`b `b ogjkekgt gbh t`|xkbl jgxxlt~" Ngb hl~ntkdl kb ~kjyel xltj~ g~ylnx~ò fk~flt dgnmat`|bh% kjjlhkgxl lbvkt`bjlbx gbh jgxxlt~ kb gtlg~ ò kjjlhkgxl bllh"

|~lt

D7 Ngb |bhlt~xgbh xfl jgkb y`kbx~ ò nelgt ~xgbhgth kby|x `b ogjkekgt jgxxlt~ tla|egte{lbn`|bxltlh kb q`tm% ~nf`è% elk~|tl% lxn" Ngb hlge qkxf j`~x ~kx|gxk`b~ ekmle{ x` gtk~l qfke~xxtgvleekba kb gb gtlg qfltl xfl egba|gal k~ ~y`mlb" Ngb yt`h|nl ~kjyel n`bblnxlh xlx `bx`ykn~% qfknf gtl ogjkekgt `t ò ylt~`bge kbxltl~x" Ngb hl~ntkdl lyltklbnl~ gbh lvlbx~% htlgj~%f`yl~ / gjdkxk`b~ gbh dtkloe{ akvl tlg~`b~ gbh lyegbgxk`b~ o`t `ykbk`b~ gbh yegb~"

Kbhlylbhlbx D4 Ngb |bhlt~xgbh xfl jgkb khlg~ ò n`jyel xlx `b d`xf n`bntlxl gbh gd~xtgnx x`ykn~% kbne|hkbaxlnfbknge hk~n|~~k`b~ kb fk~flt okleh ò ~ylnkgek~gxk`b" Ngb kbxltgnx qkxf g hlatll ò oe|lbn{ gbh

~y`bxgblkx{ xfgx jgml~ tla|egt kbxltgnxk`b qkxf bgxkvl ~ylgmlt~ w|kxl y`~~kdel qkxf`|x ~xtgkb o`tlkxflt ygtx{" Ngb yt`h|nl nelgt% hlxgkelh xlx `b g qkhl tgbal ò ~|dclnx~ gbh lyegkb gvklqy`kbx `b g x`yknge k~~|l akvkba xfl ghvgbxgal~ gbh hk~ghvgbxgal~ ò vgtk`|~ `yxk`b~"

|~lt

N7 Ngb |bhlt~xgbh g qkhl tgbal ò hljgbhkba% e`balt xlx~% gbh tlnàbk~l kjyeknkx jlgbkba" Ngblytl~~ fkjflt~leo oe|lbxe{ gbh ~y`bxgbl`|~e{ qkxf`|x j|nf `dvk`|~ ~lgtnfkba o`t lytl~~k`b~"Ngb |~l egba|gal oelkde{ gbh loolnxkvle{ o`t ~`nkge% gnghljkn gbh ytòl~~k`bge y|ty`~l~" Ngbyt`h|nl nelgt% qlee*~xt|nx|tlh% hlxgkelh xlx `b n`jyel ~|dclnx~% ~f`qkba n`bxtèelh |~l ò`tagbk~gxk`bge ygxxltb~% n`bblnx`t~ gbh n`fl~kvl hlvknl~"

Yt

òknklbx N4 Ngb |bhlt~xgbh qkxf lg~l vktx|gee{ lvlt{xfkba flgth `t tlgh" Ngb ~|jjgtk~l kbo`tjgxk`b ot`j

hkooltlbx ~y`mlb gbh qtkxxlb ~`|tnl~% tln`b~xt|nxkba gta|jlbx~ gbh gnn`|bx~ kb g n`fltlbxytl~lbxgxk`b" Ngb lytl~~ fkjflt~leo ~y`bxgbl`|~e{% vlt{ oe|lbxe{ gbh ytlnk~le{% hkooltlbxkgxkba

okblt ~fghl~ ò jlgbkba lvlb kb xfl j`~x n`jyel ~kx|gxk`b~"

#N`jj`b L|t`ylgb Otgjlq`tm ò Tloltlbnl o`t Egba|gal~ &NLOT+fxxy3qqq"n`l"kbxxha8ekba|k~xkn^`|tnlOtgjlq`tmPLB"yho &xgdel 7% y" 48= 4977% 46 Hlnljdlt+


17/21





1"[`|t`bekblgyyekngxk`bYelg~l oèe`q xfl gyyekngxk`b yt`nlh|tl gx qqq"ltg~j|~*ql~xltbdgemgb~"l| 2 `bekblgyyekngxk`b" [`| qkee dl gdel x` ~lelnx g jgkj|j ò xftll ytlolttlh f`~x |bkvlt~kxkl~ d{jgtmkba {`|t okt~x% ~ln`bh gbh xfkth nf`knl" Xfl gyyekngxk`b k~ `be{ vgekh ko gee ò xfln`jy|e~`t{ h`n|jlbx~ fgvl dllb |ye`ghlh" Gee gxxgnflh h`n|jlbx~ ~f`|eh dl kb Lbaek~f`t gb òoknkge Lbaek~f ~q`tb xtgb~egxk`b j|~x dl yt`vkhlh"

[`| fgvl x` ~lbh {`|t gyyekngxk`b kb Lbaek~f% kbne|hkba j`xkvgxk`b elxxlt% tl~|jl%tl~lgtnf yt`y`~ge%xtgb~ntkyx~ ò hkye`jg~hlatll~ gbh tly`tx~% gbh yltjk~~k`b gbhtln`jjlbhgxk`b elxxlt~"

Nflnmek~xòtlw|ktlhh`n|jlbx~7" Elxxlt ò j`xkvgxk`b &kb Lbaek~f% jg"


18/21





* Qfknf egba|gal ytòknklbn{ xl~x fgvl {`| h`bl0 Yelg~l kbne|hlbgjl gbh ghhtl~~ ò kb~xkx|xl"

* G ytòknklbn{ xl~x k~ b`x tlw|ktlh% qflb {`| ngb yt`vl qkxf qtkxxlb%òoknkge nltxkokngxl~ `t hkye`jg~ xfgx Lbaek~f qg~ `t k~ xfl kb~xt|nxk`begba|gal gx {`|t |bkvlt~kx{ gbh `t {`|t ~ln`bhgt{ ~nf`è&gnntlhkxlh dkekba|ge ~nf`è~ gbh`t qkxf Kbxltbgxk`bge Dgnngeg|tlgxlytàtgjjl~+"

n Lh|ngxk`bge dgnmat`|bh% kbne|hkba hgxl~ ò ~x|h{ yltk`h~ gbh hgxl ò hlatllh Ytòl~~k`bge dgnmat`|bh% kbne|hkba ~xgtx gbh lbh hgxl~ &ko gyyekngdel+

Tl~lgtnf lyltklbnl Kbvèvljlbx kb n|ttlbx tl~lgtnf Xlgnfkba lyltklbnl

l Y|dekngxk`b ek~x &ko gyyekngdel+ kbne|hkba xfl~l~ gbh y|dek~flh ygylt~" Yelg~lyt`vkhl xfk~ kbo`tjgxk`b kb _gbn`|vlt ~x{el" Kb~xt|nxk`b~ ngb dl o`|bh `b3

fxxy3qqq"ekdtgt{"|w"lh|"g|xtgkbkbankxgxk`bvgbn`|v"yhoo Tloltlbnl~a O`t Xgtalx at`|y >3 kbo`tjgxk`b `b kbhkngx`t~f Gee `xflt tlelvgbx kbo`tjgxk`b"

>" Ko {`| gtl kbxltl~xlh kb g tl~lgtnf*xtgkbkba yltk`h gdt`gh% yelg~l kbne|hl g tl~lgtnfyt`y`~ge &jgkj|j 8 ygal~+%~xgxkba xfl tl~lgtnf at`|y&~+ {`| gtl q`tmkba qkxf kb{`|t f`jl |bkvlt~kx{ gbh ko gyyekngdel xfl tl~lgtnf at`|y~ {`| fgvl n`bxgnx~ qkxf gx{`|t ytlolttlh f`~x |bkvlt~kx{"

8" Nltxkokngxl ò Lbaek~f ytòknklbn{"

Ql tln`jjlbh |ye`ghkba ytòknklbn{ nltxkokngxl~ g~ g n`boktjgxk`b ò {`|t elvle òytòknklbn{ dl~khl~ {`|t ~xgxljlbx kb {`|t N_" Gnnlyxgdel Lbaek~f nltxkokngxl~ kbne|hlX@LOE `t KLEX^ tl~|ex~ `t gb`xflt nltxkokngxl ò Lbaek~f n`jjgbh gnn`thkba x` xflL|t`ylgb n`jj`b tloltlbnl otgjlq`tm elvle~ &~ll gd`vl+% k~~|lh d{ g w|gekoklhkb~xkx|xl" Xl~x tl~|ex~ gbh nltxkokngxl~ j|~x fgvl dllb k~~|lh kb xfl eg~x xq` {lgt~"Ko gyyekngdel% kbne|hl òoknkge nltxkokngxl~ `t hkye`jg~ ò ~x|hkl~ n`jyelxlh gxgnntlhkxlh dkekba|ge |bkvlt~kxkl~ `t ~ln`bhgt{ ~nf`è~% kb qfknf ng~l {`|t lljyxlhot`j Lbaek~f ytòknklbn{ nltxkokngxl~"


19/21




W|l~xk`b~0 Yelg~l ~lbh gb ljgke x`3 ltgqldIltg~j|~jn"be Ygal 7;

n" H`nx`tgxl &YfH+3 Jg~xlt ò ^nklbnl hlatll qkxf xfl n`ttl~y`bhkba atghl~ek~x% `t |bhltatgh|gxl hlatll gbh atghl~ ek~x"

h" Y`~x H`nx`tgxl3 H`nx`tgxl &YfH+ hlatll"

1" Ko {`| gtl g ~x|hlbx% {`| j|~x |ye`gh xfl elxxlt ò gnnlyxgbnl/lbtèjlbx kb {`|tn|ttlbx ytàtgjjl gbh g xtgb~ntkyx ò {`|t atghl~ |bxke xfl eg~x ~ljl~xlt"

6" Elxxltò yltjk~~k`b

\bhltatgh|gxl% Jg~xlt gbh h`nx`tgxl gyyekngbx~ fgvl x` `dxgkb g yltjk~~k`b elxxltot`j g tl~y`b~kdel g|xf`tkx{ ot`j xflkt n|ttlbx ytàtgjjl kb xflkt f`jl n`|bxt{=

;" Xq` elxxlt~ò tln`jjlbhgxk`b

G~~l~~`t~ ~f`|eh kbne|hl xfl oèe`qkba kbo`tjgxk`b3

Ko xfl g~~l~~`t mblq {`| g~ g ~x|hlbx3 hlxgke~ ò {`|t gnghljkn ylto`tjgbnl% xflg~~l~~`t~ `ykbk`b ò {`|t ~|kxgdkekx{ o`t xfl nf`~lb gtlg ò ~x|h{ gbh gb l~xkjgxl ò{`|t Lbaek~f egba|gal gdkekx{"

Ko xfl g~~l~~`t mblq {`| g~ gb ljye`{ll3 gb `|xekbl ò {`|t tl~y`b~kdkekxkl~% gbg~~l~~jlbx ò {`|t n`jylxlbnl gbh kbkxkgxkvl gbh gb l~xkjgxl ò {`|t Lbaek~fegba|gal gdkekx{"

79"Yg~~y`tx ~ngb

77"O`t Xgtalx at`|y > ngbhkhgxl~ yelg~l kbne|hl tlelvgbx h`n|jlbx~ ~|yy`txkba xfgx{`| dle`ba x` `bl ò xfl |bhlttlytl~lbxlh at`|y~ kb fkaflt lh|ngxk`b kb xfl

Ql~xltb Dgemgb~% hlokblh g~ tlo|all~% kbxltbgee{ hk~yegnlh ylt~`b~% q`jlb `t T`jgyl`yel"

^lelnxk`bGb kbkxkge g~~l~~jlbx qkee dl jghl d{ xfl f`jl |bkvlt~kx{ `t kb xfl ng~l ò Xgtalx at`|y4% d{ xfl f`jl n`|bxt{ n``thkbgx`t" Xfl f`~x |bkvlt~kx{ qkee ngtt{ `|x xfl ~ln`bhg~~l~~jlbx" Xfl lln|xkvl d`gth ò xfl n`b~`txk|j qkee jgml xfl okbge ~lelnxk`b"

Ghjk~~k`bHlnk~k`b~ gd`|x ghjk~~k`b~ qkee dl n`jj|bkngxlh x` gee gyyekngbx~ kb Jg{ 4974"


20/21





6"F`qx`gyye{

Kjy`txgbxhgxl~3 Hlghekbl o`t gyyekngxk`b~3 xfl okt~x ngee qkee ne`~l `b 4 Gytke 4974% 48399 f`|t~

nlbxtge L|t`ylgb xkjl Hlnk~k`b~ gd`|x ghjk~~k`b~ qkee dl n`jj|bkngxlh x` gee gyyekngbx~ kb Jg{ 4974 Gee lnfgbal yltk`h~ kb xfl okt~x ngee j|~x ~xgtx dlo`tl >7 Hlnljdlt 4974"

H`n|jlbx~x`dl|ye`ghlhO`t kb~xt|nxk`b~ ~ll nfgyxlt 1" [`|t `bekbl gyyekngxk`b% ygtgatgyf Tlw|ktlh h`n|jlbx~

Yelg~l jgml ~|tl xfgx xfl oèe`qkba h`n|jlbx~% qfknf bllh x` dl |ye`ghlh x` xflgyyekngxk`b w|l~xk`bbgktl qflb g~mlh% gtl tlghke{ gvgkegdel `b {`|t n`jy|xlt3

Yg~~y`tx ~ngb" J`~x tlnlbx tl~|jl &N_+" Nltxkokngxl~ ò Ytòknklbn{ ò Lbaek~f egba|gal `t Hkye`jg ò \bkvlt~kx{ `t

^ln`bhgt{ ^nf`è &gbh ko gyyekngdel o`t `xflt egba|gal+ Ko {`| gtl g ~x|hlbx% {`| j|~x |ye`gh xfl elxxlt ò gnnlyxgbnllbtèejlbx kb {`|t

n|ttlbx ytàtgjjl gbh g xtgb~ntkyx ò {`|t atghl~" @ooknkge xtgb~ntkyx~ ò hkye`jg~ gbh tly`tx~ &ek~x~ ò atghl~+ xtgb~egxlh kbx` Lbaek~f%

qkxf `tkakbge ~xgjy gbh`t nltxkokngxk`b ot`j xfl tl~ylnxkvl kb~xkx|xl" O`t |bhltatgh|gxl% jg~xlt gbh h`nx`tgxl gyyekngbx~3 g elxxlt ò yltjk~~k`b Xq` elxxlt~ ò tln`jjlbhgxk`b" [`|t elxxlt ò j`xkvgxk`b" Ko {`| gtl kbxltl~xlh kb g tl~lgtnf*xtgkbkba yltk`h gdt`gh% yelg~l kbne|hl g

tl~lgtnf yt`y`~ge" O`t xgtalx at`|y > ngbhkhgxl~3 tlelvgbx h`n|jlbxgxk`b ~|yy`txkba {`|t dle`bakba

x` xgtalx at`|y >"

^|yy`txlh h`n|jlbx okel x{yl~ gtl yba% cya% h`n% h`n% yho |bhlt 8999 MD lgnf"

@be{ n`jyelxl gyyekngxk`b~ gtl n`b~khltlh o`t xfl ~lelnxk`b ò ngbhkhgxl~" Gee hgxg lbxt{okleh~ jgtmlh qkxf # gtl jgbhgx`t{% {`| j|~x n`jyelxl xflj" Yelg~l nflnm gee okleh~dlo`tl {`| ~|djkx {`|t gyyekngxk`b" [`| qkee tlnlkvl gb g|x`jgxkn n`boktjgxk`b xfgx {`|tgyyekngxk`b fg~ dllb tlnlkvlh"


21/21





;"Gd`|xxflLtg~j|~J|bh|~LxltbgeN`*`yltgxk`bQkbh`q&LJ

LNQ+Xfl Ltg~j|~ J|bh|~ Lxltbge N`*`yltgxk`b Qkbh`q k~ g n`*`yltgxk`b gbh j`dkekx{~nfljl kb xfl gtlg ò fkaflt lh|ngxk`b n`*`yltgxk`b eg|bnflh d{ L|t`yl Gkh n``yltgxk`b@ooknl gbh kjyeljlbxlh d{ xfl Lln|xkvl Galbn{ Lh|ngxk`b% G|hk`vk~|ge gbh N|ex|tl"

Xfl LJ LNQ `dclnxkvl k~ x` gnfklvl dlxxlt |bhlt~xgbhkba gbh j|x|ge lbtknfjlbxdlxqllb xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b gbh xfkth n`|bxtkl~ n`*`yltgxk`b kb xfl okleh ò fkafltlh|ngxk`b xft`|af yt`j`xkba xfl lnfgbal ò ylt~`b~% mb`qelhal gbh ~mkee~ gx fkafltlh|ngxk`b elvle" Xfk~ qkee dl gnfklvlh xft`|af xfl yt`j`xk`b ò ygtxblt~fky~ gbhkb~xkx|xk`bge n`*`yltgxk`b lnfgbal~ dlxqllb L|t`ylgb Fkaflt Lh|ngxk`b Kb~xkx|xk`b~ gbhxfkth*n`|bxt{ kb~xkx|xk`b~ gbh g j`dkekx{ ~nfljl ghhtl~~kba ~x|hlbx gbh gnghljkn

lnfgbal~"

Xfl n`b~`txk|j n`vlt~ ? |bkvlt~kxkl~ kb o`|t n`|bxtkl~ ò E`x 77 kb xfl Ql~xltb Dgemgb~&Gedgbkg% D`~bkg gbh Fltsla`vkbg% Jgnlh`bkg gbh ^ltdkg+ g~ qlee g~ < |bkvlt~kxkl~ kb 8n`|bxtkl~ kb xfl L|t`ylgb \bk`b &G|~xtkg% Altjgb{% Kxge{% gbh xfl Blxfltegbh~+"

Hk~negkjlt3 Xfk~ yt`clnx fg~ dllb o|bhlh qkxf ~|yy`tx ot`j xfl L|t`ylgb N`jj|bkx{"Xfl ~èl tl~y`b~kdkekx{ o`t xfk~ qld~kxl ekl~ qkxf xfl g|xf`t" Xfl N`jjk~~k`b gbh xflGalbn{ ngbb`x dl fleh tl~y`b~kdel o`t gb{ |~l% qfknf jg{ dl jghl ò xfl kbo`tjgxk`bn`bxgkblh xfltlkb"

Gee tkafx~ tl~ltvlh LTGQLD 4977*497

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