erikson’s psychosocial theory

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Rachel L. Taulbee University of West Georgia

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Rachel L. Taulbee University of West Georgia. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory. Erik Erikson believed….. Development is social in nature and a result of a desire to affiliate with other people. A person encounters 8 developmental stages in life. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Rachel L. TaulbeeUniversity of West

Georgia

Page 2: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Erik Erikson believed….. Development is social in

nature and a result of a desire to affiliate with other people.

A person encounters 8 developmental stages in life.

Each stage presents individuals with a crisis that must be faced.

“The more successfully an individual resolves the crisis, the healthier development will be” (Santrock, 2008, p. 18).

Page 3: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Infancy: First year of life

Virtue Hope

Question Is the world a good and pleasant place to live?

Characteristics Infants need food, comfort, and warmth to

develop a sense of trust. If these needs are not meet, a sense of mistrust will follow.

Page 4: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Infancy: 1 to 3 years

Virtue Will

Question Can I do things by myself or must I always rely on

others? Characteristics:

Caregivers provide a strong sense of security and encourage children to accomplish self-sufficient behaviors such as crawling, walking, changing clothes, and bathing. “If restrained too much or punished too harshly, they are likely to develop shame and doubt.”

Page 5: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Preschool: 3 to 5 years

Virtue Purpose

Question Am I good or bad?

Characteristics Children are faced with new challenges and

learning to master the world around them. They begin to act with purpose and also experience guilt when a particular action does not occur as planned. It is important not to belittle or make a child feel anxious about their attempts.

Page 6: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Elementary: 6 years to puberty

Virtue Competence

Question Am I successful or worthless?

Characteristics Children begin mastering knowledge and

intellectual skills. This stage is imperative to foster self-confidence. Children should be encouraged to create and do things and then receive praise. If children are made to feel incompetent, they will develop feelings of inferiority and may be unwilling to try new things.

Page 7: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Adolescence: 10 to 20 years

Virtue Fidelity

Question Who am I and what am I all about?

Characteristics Adolescents try a variety of roles to identify

where they fit in. They must decide who they are and decipher who society expects them to be. They start using their experiences to influence their future.

Page 8: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Early adulthood: 20s and 30s

Virtue Love

Question Am I loved or wanted by someone?

Characteristics Upon establishing identity, people are able to

form long term commitments. Without healthy friendships and intimate relationships, isolation occurs.

Page 9: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Middle adulthood: 40s and 50s

Virtue Care

Question Will I produce something of real value?

Characteristics “Generativity” is a concern for helping the

younger generation lead successful lives. In contrast, feeling like they’ve done nothing to help leads to stagnation.

Page 10: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Age Late adulthood: 60s onward

Virtue Wisdom

Question Was my life well spent?

Characteristics A person reflects on the past. If a person feels

their life was well spent, they develop a sense of integrity. If they look back on a life of disappointments and missed goals, they develop a sense of despair or gloom.

Page 11: Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Santrock, J. W. (2008). Essentials of life-span development. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Erikson's psychosocial development theory. Retrieved from http://www.businessballs.com/erik_erikson_psychosocial_theory.htm.