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EntomologicalSocietyofAlberta

57th

AnnualMeeting

LakelandCollege,Vermilion

November5th

7th,2009

PROGRAM

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EntomologicalSocietyofAlberta

Executive2009

President BrianVanHezewijk

VicePresident GregPohl

PastPresident RoseDeClerckFloate

Secretary KenFry

Treasurer KimberlyRondeau

Webmaster

AlecMcClay

NorthernRegionDirector GeraldHilchie

CentralRegionDirector MaryReid

SouthernRegionDirector FranLeggett

RegionalDirectortoESC LloydDosdall

ProceedingsEditor EmilyBarnewall

AnnualMeeting2009

LocalArrangements PeterWalsh,MichaelCrowe

ScientificProgramCommittee LloydDosdall,AlecMcClay

Registrationand

Finance KimberlyRondeau

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Thursday,November5

16:30 ExecutiveMeeting(Room256,AlumniHall)

18:30 Registrationopen(Cafeteria,AlumniHall)

19:0022:00Reception (Cafeteria,AlumniHall)

AllFridayandSaturdaysessionswillbeheld

intheMainTheatre,AlumniHall

Friday,November6

08:00 Registrationopen(Hallway,AlumniHall)

08:30 OpeningandWelcome

BrianVanHezewijk,President,ESA

GlennCharlesworth,President,LakelandCollege

JosieVanLent,AssociateDean,LakelandCollege

SYMPOSIUM: INSECTSINAGRICULTURE

08:40 LloydDosdall(Moderator)

IntroductiontotheSymposium

08:45 MayaEvenden,R.Gries,M.Aurelian,L.M.Dosdall,G.Judd,C.

Miluch,

A.

Wins

Purdy

PheromonebasedManagementofAgriculturalPests: Current

ResearchandFutureNeeds

09:05 AlecMcClay,A.Gassmann,andV.C.Wolf

EuropeanInsectsasPotentialBiologicalControlAgentsfor

CommonTansy(Tanacetumvulgare)inCanadaandtheUnitedStates

09:25 RossM.WeissandOwenOlfert

BioclimaticApproachestoAssessthePotentialImpactof

ClimateChangeonInsectPopulationsinAgroecosystems

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09:45 JeffreyNewtonandHeatherProctor

ClimateChangeEffectsonRangelandSoilMicroarthropods

10:05 COFFEE

10:35 HctorA.CrcamoandOwenOlfert

BiodiversityinAgroecosystems:NewDevelopmentsand

ResearchNeeds

10:55 LloydDosdall,H.A.Crcamo,O.Olfert,S.Meers,S.Hartley,andJ.

Gavloski

InvasionsofInsectsinAgroecosystemsintheWesternCanadian

Prairies:Case

Histories

and

Patterns

11:15 ShortBreak

11:30 LakelandCollegeStudentActivity: InsectJeopardy

12:30 LUNCH(onyourown)

CONTRIBUTEDPAPERSSESSION1

ModeratorKaterynRochon

13:30 Mori,B.A.,Gries,G.,Otani,J.,Yoder,C.andEvenden,M.L.

Developmentofapheromonebasedmonitoringtoolforthered

clover

casebearer

(Coleophoradeauratella)

in

Alberta

13:45 Aurelian,V.M.,Evenden,M.L.,andJudd,G.J.R.

Semiochemicalbasedmasstrappingoftheappleclearwing

moth(Lepidoptera:Sesiidae)

14:00 Vankosky,M.A.,Crcamo,H.A.,Dosdall,L.M.

Theeffectsofsoilnitrogen,Rhizobiuminoculationand

insecticideseed

coatings

on

yield

loss

and

nitrogen

fixation

in

fieldpeasunderSitonalineatusattack

14:15 Subramaniam,R.,Dosdall,L.M.,ODonovan,J.T.,andHarker,K.N.

IdentifyingAgronomicPracticesthatConserveandEnhance

NaturalEnemiesofRootMaggots(Deliaspp.)(Diptera:

Anthomyiidae)inCanola

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14:30 Tansey,J.A.,Dosdall,L.M.,andKeddie,A.

Hostplantglucosinolateprofilesandthecabbageseedpod

weevil

14:45 Blake,A.J.,Dosdall,L.M.,KeddieB.A..

Theinfluenceofcanolanutritionontheovipositionchoiceand

larvaldevelopmentofthecabbageseedpodweevil

15:00 COFFEEANDPOSTERVIEWING

POSTERPRESENTATIONS

Pinzn,J.,Spence,J.R.andLangor,D.

DiversityPatternsofSpidersinWhiteSpruceStands

Floate,K.D.,andTiberg,K.

Whathappenedtothecoprophilousinsectsassociatedwith

bison?

DeClerckFloate,R.,Floate,K.D.,andSaunders,P.

Atestofcontainmentefficacyusinglivinginsectsinarelease

andrecapturestudy

Floate,K.D.,andWatson,W.

IntroductionofexoticdungbeetlesintoCanadatoaccelerate

degradationofcattledung

Olivier,C.,Galka,B.,andFloate,K.D.

PrevalenceofArsenophonusinleafhoppervectorsof

phytoplasma

Waller,J.L.

Parasitoidcompetition?orCanparasitoidsdistinguish

previouslyparasitizedhosts?

XiuhuaWu,HectorCrcamo,BrianBeres

DoesBraconcephireducestemminingbywheatstemsawfly?

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CONTRIBUTEDPAPERSSESSION2

ModeratorEmilyBarnewall

15:30 Larson,D.G.andDrozdiak,R.

Theforaging

activity

of

the

leaf

cutter

ant,

Acromyrmexechinator,indrytropicalforestpatchesinGuanacaste,Costa

Rica

15:45 Esch,E.D.,Spence,J.R.,Langor,D.

Mountainpinebeetlephenology,survival,andconditionin

whitebarkpine

16:00 Schwarzfeld,M.,Sperling,F.

Patternsofichneumonid(Insecta:Hymenoptera)diversityina

borealforestecosystem

16:15 Wood,C.M.,Spence,J.R.,andLangor,D.W.

Beetlespeciesoffallentremblingaspendeadwood

16:30 Lee,S.I.,Langor,D.W.,andSpence,J.R.

Influenceof

various

retention

patches

on

saproxylic

beetles

in

whitesprucestands

16:45 AmandaVanHaga,B.AndrewKeddie,StephenF.Pernal

FromEggstoRiches:TheUseofHenEggWhiteLysozymeto

ControlChalkbroodDiseaseinHoneyBeeColonies

18:30 BANQUET (Cafeteria,AlumniHall)

Cocktailsat18:30

Dinnerat19:00

AwardsPresentations

(RoseDeClerckFloate,Chair,AwardsCommittee):

StudentTravelGrants,UndergraduateAwardinEntomology,

F.S.CarrAward

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Saturday,November7

CONTRIBUTEDPAPERSSESSION3

ModeratorMeghanVankosky

08:30 Lysyk,T.J.,andRochon,K.

SeasonalActivityofRockyMountainWoodTicks,Dermacentorandersoni,inSouthernAlberta

08:45 JanetSperling,DannyShpeley,SarahLeo

,MikeJenkins,Felix

Sperling

IxodesscapularisandI.pacificusticksinAlberta09:00 Leech,R.E.

TheContinuingSagaofIntroducedSpiderstoAlberta

09:15 Barnewall,E.C.,DeClerckFloate,R.

QuarantineassessmentofRhinusapilosaasapotentialbiologicalcontrolagentforLinariavulgaris

09:30 VanHezewijk,B.H.

andBourchier,R.S.

Halos,Ripples,andGhostsofDispersalPast

09:45 Dombroskie,J.J.

QuantifyingGestalt:TowardsanInteractiveMatrixbasedKeyto

CanadianLepidopteranSubfamilies

10:00 ENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETYOFALBERTA

ANNUALGENERALMEETING

CoffeewillbeservedconcurrentlywiththeAGM.

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ORALANDPOSTERPRESENTATIONABSTRACTS

(Alphabeticallybypresentingauthor)

Semiochemicalbasedmasstrappingoftheappleclearwingmoth

(Lepidoptera:Sesiidae)

Aurelian,V.M.1,Evenden,M.L.

1,andJudd,G.J.R.2.

1DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,CW405BiologicalSciencesBldg,

UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AB,T6G2E9.2AgricultureandAgrifoodCanada,PacificAgrifoodResearchCentre,

Summerland,BC,V0H1Z0.

Infestationsofappleclearwingmoth,Synanthedonmyopaeformis,a

Europeanpestofapples,wererecentlydiscoveredinseveralareasofCanada.

Cambiumfeedinglarvaegirdlebarkattherootstockscionunion,which

weakensdwarfingappletreesandreducestheiryields.Absenceofnatural

enemiesandeffectivepesticideshasresultedinextremelyhighpopulations,

especiallyinorganicapplesinsouthernB.C.Ourgoalistodevelopa

semiochemicalbasedmasstrappingprogramtargetingmaleandfemale

moths.Inthisstudywecomparepheromoneandkairomonebasedmass

trappingatthreedifferenttrapdensitiesrelativetountreatedcontrolplots.In

kairomonebaitedtraps,weusecommercialgrapejuice,knowntobehighly

attractivetobothsexes.Masstrappingwithgrapejuiceremovedlarge

numbersofbothmalesandfemales.Interferenceamongpheromonetraps

occurredatveryhightrapdensities(100traps/haunderhighmothdensities

and50traps/haunderlowermothdensities).Incontrast,notrapinterference

wasdetectedwithjuicebaitedtraps.Acombinationofmaleconfusionby

ambientlevelsofpheromoneandremovalfromthepopulationthrough

captureintrapsmayoperateinpheromonebasedmasstrappingplots.The

mechanismsbehindthesignificantdecreaseinthenumberoffemales

capturedinassessmenttrapsincontrolplotsversuspheromonebaitedmass

trappingplotsremainunknown.Wepredictthathighcapacitytrapsbaited

withkairomonesthattargetbothsexesmaybeagoodalternativeto

pesticidesfordecreasingmothdensitiesinorganicorchards.

QuarantineassessmentofRhinusapilosaasapotentialbiologicalcontrolagentforLinariavulgarisBarnewall,E.C.

1,2,DeClerckFloate,R.

1

1UniversityofLethbridge,LethbridgeAB2LethbridgeResearchCentre,Agriculture&AgrifoodCanada,LethbridgeAB

Yellowtoadflax,Linariavulgaris,isanonnative,invasiveplantofagricultural

andnaturalareasinCanada.MultipleintroductionsofthisplanttoNorth

Americaaresuspected,hence,anyinsectsusedforbiocontrolofL.vulgaris

willbeencounteringmultiplehostgenotypesuponrelease.Aprerelease

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impactassessmentofaEuropeanweevil,Rhinusapilosa,wasconductedin

quarantineusingCanadawideL.vulgarispopulationstohelpdeterminethe

potentialefficacyofthiscandidatebiocontrolagent.Impactswereexamined

bycomparingintra andinterpopulationplantresponsestoweevilgall

induction

and

development.

Impacts

were

determined

by

assessing

stem

heightandgrowthrate,flowerproduction,andaboveandbelowground

biomass. Preliminaryanalysesshowthatgalledstemswere21%smallerand

produced68%fewerflowersthancontrolstems(F2,39=3.54,p=0.039;F2,39=

7.10,p

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assemblageandtheirrelativedominanceatadefinedspatiotemporalscale.In

cultivatedorgrazedecosystemsoftheCanadianprairies,fewsuchstudies

havebeenconductedandmosthavefocusedoncarabidbeetles.Acursory

literaturesearchusingthetermsCarabidaeandthenameoftheprairie

province

in

Agricola,

supplemented

by

our

own

records,

revealed

9

studies

of

carabidsinrelationtoagriculturalpracticeinAlberta.Fourstudiesinclude

sitesfromtheshortandmixedmoistgrasslandsandtherestwereconducted

intheParklandecoregion;thevastagriculturalPeaceRiverregioninthe

BorealPlainshasnotbeenstudied.Spiders,andstaphylinidbeetles,despite

theircooccurrencewithcarabidsinpitfallcatcheshavenotreceivedthe

sameattention.Forexample,nostudiesofspiderdiversitywerefoundfor

agroecoystemsinAlbertabuttwoweredoneinSaskatchewan.Wecouldnot

findbiodiversitystudiesofthesetaxafromcultivatedfieldsinManitoba.Also

therearenodirectcomparisonsofcultivatedfieldsandnearbygrasslands

reserves.Futurechallengesincludefillingthesegeographicgapsandinclude

otherkeyguildssuchasherbivores,soilarthropods,foliagedwelling

predators,parasitoidsandpollinators.Yetalargerchallengeistotacklethe

functionalstudiestoelucidatethelinkagesbetweenbioversityandecosystem

function.Thisinformationisneededtoanswertheperennialquestions

farmersandpolicymakersask:whataretheenvironmentalandeconomic

implicationsofbiodiversityandhowdoweprotectit?

Atestofcontainmentefficacyusinglivinginsectsinareleaseandrecapture

study

DeClerckFloate,R.,Floate,K.D.,andSaunders,P.

LethbridgeResearchCentre,AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,Lethbridge,

AB

NorthAmericanregulatorystandardsforthecontainmentofarthropodsin

quarantinestipulatethatsuchfacilitiesbespeciallydesignedtoprevent

arthropodescapes.Theyaretobeequippedwithavestibulelightlock

containingaUVorregularlighttrap,andinnerroomswithnegativeair

pressure.Totesttheefficacyofvariouscontainmentmethods,areleaseand

recapturestudywasconductedwithinanoperationalquarantineusingthree

insectspecies;Aphodiusdistinctus,Muscadomestica,Urolepisrufipes.The

optimummethodforescapepreventionvariedwithspecies.Acombination

UV/incandescentlighttrap,apan/watertrap,andnegativeairpressureareall

recommended.

QuantifyingGestalt:TowardsanInteractiveMatrixbasedKeytoCanadian

LepidopteranSubfamilies

Dombroskie,J.J.

Dept.ofBiologicalSciences,CW405,Bio.Sci.Bldg.,UniversityofAlberta,

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Edmonton,AB,T6G2E9,CANADA

IdentifyingLepidopteratosubfamilyortribeusingdichotomouskeysis

difficultasexistingkeyscoveronlydistinctivefamiliesorrelyondifficult

characters.

A

matrix

based

key

shows

great

promise

as

a

way

to

identify

Lepidopteratofamilybecausenondiscretecharacterscanbeused.I

constructedakeyusing73externalcharacters(266states)thatarevisible

withadissectingmicroscope,examinedfrom1454specimensin221taxon

groups.Thiskeywilllikelybecomeavaluabletoolinlepidopteran

identifications.

InvasionsofInsectsinAgroecosystemsintheWesternCanadianPrairies:

CaseHistoriesandPatterns

Dosdall,L.M.1,Crcamo,H.A.2,Olfert,O.

3,Meers,S.4,Hartley,S.

5,and

Gavloski,J.6

1DepartmentofAgricultural,FoodandNutritionalScience,Universityof

Alberta,Edmonton,AB2AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,LethbridgeResearchCentre,Lethbridge,

AB3AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,SaskatoonResearchCentre,Saskatoon,SK4AlbertaAgricultureandRuralDevelopment,CropDiversificationCentre

South,Brooks,AB5SaskatchewanAgricultureandFood,3085AlbertStreet,Regina,SK6ManitobaAgriculture,FoodandRuralInitiatives,Carman,MB

TheNorthernGreatPlainsofNorthAmericahasbeeninvadedbyalieninsect

speciesthathavecausedextensiveeconomicdamagetoagricultural

production.Inthelast25years,invasionsofRussianwheataphid(Diuraphis

noxia(Mordvilko)),cabbageseedpodweevil(Ceutorhynchusobstrictus

(Marsham),pealeafweevil(SitonalineatusL.),diamondbackmoth(Plutella

xylostella(L.)),andcerealleafbeetle(OulemamelanopusL.)haveoccurred,

andmosthaveestablished.Mostinvadingspeciesarebelievedtohave

originatedfromsourcepopulationstothesouth,butorangewheatblossom

midge(Sitodiplosismosellana(Ghin))andswedemidge(Contarinianasturtii

(Keiffer))apparentlyinvadedfromeasternNorthAmerica.Biologicaland

chemicalcontrolcomprisekeymanagementstrategiesforinvasiveinsect

pestsinagroecosystems.Invasionshaveaffectedecosystemfunctioningby

providingvastresourcesofherbivorousinsectsthathavebeenexploitedby

somepredatorsandparasitoidsthroughexpandingtheirnormalhostranges.

Furthereffectsonecosystemfunctioningresultedfromnegativeimpactsof

insecticidespraysonindigenousandbeneficialspecies.

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Mountainpinebeetlephenology,survival,andconditioninwhitebarkpine

Esch,E.D.1,Spence,J.R.

1,Langor,D.

2

DepartmentofRenewableResources,UniversityofAlberta

CanadianForestService,NorthernForestryCenter

Whitebarkpine(Pinusalbicaulis),anendangeredkeystoneofWesternNorth

Americassubalpineforestsisthreatenedbyaninvasivepathogen,

Cronartiumribicola,andanativepest,themountainpinebeetle(MPB),

Dendroctonusponderosae.MPBphenology,survival,andconditionarelittle

knownforthishost,especiallyatthenorthernextentofthetreesrange

(WestCentralAlberta).Fieldexperimentsatthenorthernlimitofthetrees

rangeshowMPBdevelopmentandsurvivalareinferiorinwhitebark

comparedtolodgepolepine,theMPBsprimaryhost.Despitethis,MPBs

werecapableofcompletingtheirdevelopmentinoneyear,evenathigh

elevations.Differencesinsurvivalanddevelopmentcouldnotberelatedto

thehostsphloemthicknessorsusceptibilitytothebluestainfungi.

Laboratoryexperimentsonbeetleconditionindicaterelationshipsbetween

treediameterandbeetleconditiondifferbetweenwhitebarkandlodgepole

pine.Theseresultssuggestverbanoneprotectionmaybethemosteffective

meansofcontrollingMPBpopulationinsubalpineforestscontaining

whitebarkpine.

Pheromonebasedmanagementofagriculturalpests:currentresearchand

futureneeds

Evenden,M.L.1,Gries,R.

2,Aurelian,M.

1,Dosdall,L.M.

3,Judd,G.

4,Miluch,

C.3,5,WinsPurdy,A.

6

1DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,CW405BiologicalSciencesBldg,

UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,ABT6G2E92DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,8888UniversityDr.,SimonFraser

University,Burnaby,BC,V5A1S63DepartmentofAgricultureFoodandNutritionalSciences,416BAgriculture/

ForestryCentre,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,ABT6G2P54AgricultureandAgrifoodCanada,PacificAgrifoodResearchCentre,

Summerland,BCV0H1ZO5SchoolofHorticulture,OldsCollege,450050thStreet,Olds,ABT4H1R6

6EnvironmentalProtectionDivision,Thompson,Okanagan,&Kootenay

Regions,BCMinistryofEnvironment,2013547SkahaLakeRd,PentictonBC

V2A7K2

Therelianceofmothsonsexpheromonesformatefindingmakestheir

chemicalcommunicationsystemanidealtargetforintegratedpest

management.Researchinmylaboratoryfocusesontheecologyofchemically

mediatedinteractionsofinsects(primarilymoths)consideredtobepestsof

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agricultural,horticultural,andforestrysystemsandhowtheseinteractions

mightbeexploitedinpestmanagement.Thistypeofworkishighly

collaborativeandinvolvesbasicdiscoveryofchemicalsignallingsystemsand

theirapplicationtomonitoringandcontrolofpestpopulations.Theemphasis

of

this

research

is

on

understanding

the

mechanisms

by

which

moth

behaviourisaffectedbypheromonebasedmanagementstrategies.Examples

oftheuseofsyntheticpheromoneformonitoringandcontrolofagricultural

pestpopulationsthroughattractandkill,masstrappingandmatingdisruption

willbepresented. Recommendedfutureresearchdirectionswillbe

discussed.

Whathappenedtothecoprophilousinsectsassociatedwithbison?

Floate,K.D.1,andTiberg,K.

2

1LethbridgeResearchCentre,AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,Lethbridge,

AB2DepartmentofBiology,TheUniversityofLethbridge,Lethbridge,AB

Thereisspeculationthatthevirtualeradicationofbison(Bisonbison)from

NorthAmericamayhavecausedtheextinctionofcoprophilousinsectspecies

thatbredinbisondung.Alternatively,theseinsectsmaynowbreedincattle

dung.Toourknowledge,thesuitabilityofcattledungasasubstituteforbison

dunghasnotbeenexperimentallyaddressedfordungbreedinginsects.In

Part1ofatwopartstudy,wecomparedcapturesofcoprophilousbeetles

(Scarabaeidae,Staphylinidae,Histeridae,Hydrophilidae)inpitalltrapsbaited

with:(B)dungofbisonfedadietofmixednaturalgrassandhay,(C)dungof

cattlefedahaydietwithca.10%grain,or(CS)dungofcattlefedbarleysilage.

Analyseswereperformedonninetaxathatcomprised99.2%ofthe21369

beetlesrecovered.Nonativeornonnativetaxapreferredbisondungover

thatofcattle.FourtaxapreferredCStoCdung,andtwotaxapreferredCto

CSdung.Theseresultssupportthehypothesisthatnativespeciesofinsects

originallybreedingonlyinbisondungwouldhavebeenablebreedincattle

dungonceitbecameavailable.InPart2ofthisstudy,wecomparethe

richnessandabundanceofinsectspeciesthatcompletedeggtoadult

developmentinB,CandCSdung.Theselatterresultsarenotyetavailable.

IntroductionofexoticdungbeetlesintoCanadatoacceleratedegradationof

cattledung

Floate,K.D.1,andWatson,W.

2

1LethbridgeResearchCentre,AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,Lethbridge,

AB2NorthCarolinaStateUniversity,Raleigh,NC

Dungfouledpasturesarepoorlyusedbycattle,whichavoidfeedingon

contaminatedgrasses.Theresultingpatchygrazingpatterncauseseconomic

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lossesfortheindustrysuchthatrapiddungdegradationisdesired.Efforts

nowareunderwayinsouthernAlbertatoestablishpopulationsofthe

coprophagousbeetles,DigitonthophagusgazellaandOnthophagustaurus

(Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae),whicharerecognizedforefficientlyburyingdung.

Establishment

of

O.

taurus

is

considered

likely,

given

reports

of

populations

within300kmoftheCanada/USAborder.EstablishmentofD.gazellais

unlikely,butisbeingstudiedtotestpredictionsofclimaticmodelsunderfield

conditions.

PrevalenceofArsenophonusinleafhoppervectorsofphytoplasma

Olivier,C.1,Galka,B.

1,andFloate,K.D.

2

1AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,Saskatoon,SK2LethbridgeResearchCentre,AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,Lethbridge,

AB

Istheabilityofleafhopperstovectorplantpathogens(e.g.,phytoplasmas)

affectedbycoinfectionsofsymbioticbacteria?Weexaminedthisquestionin

asurveyoffourleafhopperpopulations(n=66species)collectedinvineyards

andcropsinCanada.Geneticmarkersidentifiedinfectionsofthespecies

Candidatusphytoplasmaasterisin15speciesandinfectionsofArseno

phonusand/orWolbachiabacteriain40species.Thecorrelationbetween

infectionsofsymbionts,phytoplasmaandleafhopperpopulationlocationis

discussed.

Theforagingactivityoftheleafcutterant,Acromyrmexechinator,indrytropicalforestpatchesinGuanacaste,CostaRica

Larson,D.G.andDrozdiak,R.

AugustanaCampus,UniversityofAlberta,4901 46Ave,Camrose,ABT4V

2R3

TheforagingactivityandefficiencyofthefungusrearingAcromyrmexleaf

cutterants,areadilyrecognizedinsectherbivoreinthedrytropicalforest

patchesoftheRioTempesquewatershedinGuanacaste,CostaRica,wasthe

focusofoneoftheAugustanaundergraduatestudiescarriedoutinthe

February2009TropicalFieldCourse.Thepatternofthedailyforagingactivity

period,therateoftravelofladenandunladenants,thesizeandtypesof

botanicalloadsbeingcarriedbacktothefungalgardens,lengthofmajor

foragingtrails,estimatesofdailyharvestmassandestimatesofcolonysize

weredeterminedforsmall,mediumandlargeA.echinatornests.

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Influenceofvariousretentionpatchesonsaproxylicbeetlesinwhitespruce

stands

Lee,S.I.,Langor,D.W.,andSpence,J.R.

DepartmentofRenewableResources,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AB

T6G

2H1

NaturalResourcesCanada,CanadianForestService,NorthernForestry

Centre,Edmonton,ABT6H3S5

Sustainableforestmanagementrequiresintimateknowledgeofhowforest

biotarespondstoforestrypractices. Saproxylicbeetles(i.e.beetlesthat

dependondeadordyingwoodduringsomepartoftheirlifecycle)area

diversegroupoforganismsthatprovideessentialecosystemfunctions.Green

treeretentionhasbeenproposedasawayofconservingbiodiversitybecause

retentionpatchescanactaslifeboats,providingsourcepopulationsforre

colonizationofharvestedlandscapes.Tounderstandtheeffectofharvest

intensityandretentionpatchsizeonsaproxylicbeetleassemblagesinboreal

whitesprucestands,weinvestigatedsaproxylicbeetlesusingwindowand

emergencetrapsamongtwosizesofclumpedretentionpatches(0.20and

0.46ha)withindifferentharvestintensityattheEMEND(Ecosystem

ManagementEmulatingNaturalDisturbance)landscape.

TheContinuing

Saga

of

Introduced

Spiders

to

Alberta

Leech,R.E.1,2

110534139StNW,Edmonton,ABT5N2K72ResearchAssociate,RoyalAlbertaMuseum,12845102AveNW,Edmonton

ABT5NOM6

Sincetheearly70s,16speciesin11familieshavebeen,orarebeing,

recordedinthispaperasintroducedtoAlberta.Theseintroductionsinclude

speciesthatdoexistnaturallyinAlberta,andalsoindividualsofspeciesthat

donotexistnaturallyinAlberta.Thesespiderspecieshavebeenbroughtin

unintentionallybycommerce(equipment,crushedrock,fruitandvegetables)

andeveninpackedclothingbyunsuspectingholidayersfromtheU.S.A.and

otherCanadianprovinces.Notconsideredherearetarantulaandotherspider

speciesbroughtinforpetshopsandmuseums.Todate,therehavenotbeen

formalrecordskeptofspiderspeciesintroducedtoAlberta.Thefollowing

spiderfamiliesandspeciesofspidershavebeenintroducedtoAlberta,and

thispaperconstitutesthefirstformalrecordforseveralofthefamiliesand

species:AGELENIDAE:?Hololenasp.?imm.,Tegenariaagrestis(Walckenaer,

1802),Tegenariadomestica(Clerck,1758),TegenariaduellicaSimon,1875;

AMPHINECTIDAE:Metaltellasimoni(Keyserling,1878);CTENIDAE:Cupiennius

salei(Keyserling,1877),CupienniuscoccineusF.O.PicardCambridge,1901;

MITURGIDAE:Cheiracanthiuminclusum(Hentz,1847);PHOLCIDAE:Pholcus

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16

phalangioides(Fuesslin,1775);SALTICIDAE:Salticusscenicus(Clerck,1757);

SICARIIDAE:LoxoscelesblandaGertsch&Ennik,1983;SPARASSIDAE:

Heteropodavenatoria(Linnaeus,1767);THERIDIIDAE:Latrodectushesperus

Chamberlin&Ivie,1935,Latrodectusmactans(Fabricius,1775);THERAPHOSI

DAE:

several

unidentified

genera

on

fruits

from

Central

and

South

America.

StudiesonEuropeaninsectsaspotentialbiologicalcontrolagentsfor

commontansy(Tanacetumvulgare)inCanadaandtheUnitedStatesMcClay,A.S.

1,Gassmann,A.

2andWolf,V.C.

2,3

1McClayEcoscience,15GreenbriarCrescent,SherwoodPark,AlbertaT8H1H82CABIEuropeSwitzerlandStation,ruedesGrillons1,CH2800Delmont,

Switzerland3UniversityofBielefeld,Universittsstrasse25,33615Bielefeld,Germany

Commontansy(TanacetumvulgareL.,Asteraceae)isaninvasiveherbaceous

perennialnativetoEurope,andwasintroducedintoNorthAmericaasa

culinaryandmedicinalherb.Nowwidelynaturalizedinpastures,roadsides,

wasteplaces,andriparianareasacrossCanadaandthenorthernUSA,tansyis

alsospreadinginforestedareas.Itcontainsseveralcompoundstoxicto

humansandlivestockifconsumed,particularly thujone.Tansyislistedasa

noxiousweedinseveralstatesandprovinces.Commontansyisagoodtarget

forbiologicalcontrol,asitisaperennialplantgrowinginstablehabitats,and

hasfewnativeNorthAmericancongeners.Abiologicalcontrolprogramfor

commontansystartedin2006,fundedandcoordinatedbyaCanadianUS

consortiumledbytheAlbertaInvasivePlantCouncilandtheMinnesota

DepartmentofAgriculture.CABISwitzerlandCentreisidentifyingandtesting

potentialagentsforefficacyandhostspecificity.Potentialagentsunderstudy

includeastemminingweevilMicroplontusmillefolii,aleaffeedingbeetle

Cassidastigmatica,aflower andstemminingmothIsophrictisstriatella,a

stemboringcerambycidbeetlePhytoecianigricornis,

andarootfeedingflea

beetleLongitarsusnoricus.Studiesareinprogresstounderstandtheeffects

ofchemicaldiversityintheessentialoilsof T.vulgareonhostselectionby

insects.

Developmentofapheromonebasedmonitoringtoolfortheredclover

casebearer(Coleophoradeauratella)inAlbertaMori,B.A.

1,Gries,G.

2,Otani,J.

3,Yoder,C.

4andEvenden,M.L.

1

1DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AB2DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,SimonFraserUniversity,Burnaby,BC3AgricultureandAgrifoodCanada,BeaverlodgeResearchFarm,Beaverlodge,

AB4AlbertaAgriculture,FoodandRuralDevelopment,Research/BioIndustrial

Branch,SpiritRiver,AB

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Theredclovercasebearer(RCC),Coleophoradeauratella,(Lepidoptera:

Coleophoridae)isanintroducedpestinthePeaceRiverRegionofAlberta.

InfestationsofRCCinclovercancauseupto99.5%seedloss.Componentsof

the

female

sex

pheromone

were

identified

as

(Z)

7

dodecenyl

acetate

and

(Z)

5dodecenylacetate,bothofwhicharenecessarytoattractmaleRCC.Here

wefurtherdevelopthispheromonebasedtooltodeterminethemost

attractivedoseofthepheromoneblendtomaleRCC,andthetraptypewith

thegreatestefficacyforRCCcapture.Thiswillproduceanoptimized

monitoringsystemwhichcanbeincorporatedintoanintegratedpest

managementprogramtomonitorthispestthroughoutthePrairieProvinces.

Climatechangeeffectsonrangelandsoilmicroarthropods

Newton,J.S.1,Proctor,H.C.2

1DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton;

jsnewton@ualberta.ca.

2DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton;

hproctor@ualberta.ca

Canadacontains22,000,000haoflanddedicatedtorangeandforage

production.Tomitigatepotentialimpactsofclimatechangeonbiodiversity

andsustainableproductionofCanada'srangelands,itisessentialtogainan

understandingoflinksbetweentemperature,precipitation,grazingandtheir

effectsonsoilchemistryandbiota.Wehaveconductedathreeyearstudyat

theKinsellaResearchRanch.Usingafactorialdesignwetestedeffectsof

warming,twodifferentprecipitationandtwodefoliationregimesoncarbon

andnitrogencycling,foragequality,plantassemblages,soilmicrobialactivity

andsoilmicroarthropodassemblages.Thedatapresentedarefromthefirst

(2007)andthird(2009)yearsoftheproject.Todate,69arthropodtaxahave

beenidentified,mostofthemmites(Arachnida:Acari).Thisincludes8orders

ofmacroinvertebrates,3familiesofCollembola,2familiesofAstigmata,2

familiesofEndeostigmata,15familiesofProstigmata(including4familiesof

Heterostigmata)and16familiesofOribatida(consistingof25genus or

speciesleveltaxa).Themicroarthropodassemblagewasnumerically

dominatedbyCollembolaandmites(Acari),thelattermainlyconsistingof

prostigmatidmites.Theeffectsoftreatmentshavebeenvalidated,but

preliminaryresultssuggestthatonlyloweredprecipitationsignificantlyaffects

microarthropodnumbers.2007resultsshowthatmitesofthefamilyTydeidae

alongwithjuvenileOribatidaarepositivelyassociatedwithdrought.Iwillalso

discusstheextractionmethodsusedinthisstudy,bycomparingresults

betweentherarelyusedkerosenefloatationmethodandthemore

conventionalTullgrenextractions.

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DiversityPatternsofSpidersinWhiteSpruceStands

Pinzon,J.1,Spence,J.R.

1andLangor,D.

2

1InvertebrateEcologyLaboratory,DepartmentofRenewableResources,442

Earth

Sciences

Building,

University

of

Alberta,

Edmonton.

2CanadianForestService,NorthernForestryCentre,Edmonton.

SpiderswerecollectedattheEcologicalManagementbyEmulatingNatural

Disturbances(EMEND)projectlandbase,locatedinthemixedwoodboreal

forestofNWAlberta.Eighttreeswithinthreeuncutwhitesprucestandswere

selectedandspiderscollectedfrom12heightclasses.Groundspiders(H0)

werecollectedusingpitfalltraps;spidersfromtheshrublayer(H1)were

collectedbybeatingona1x1mcanvassheetwithin5mradiusfrom

selectedtrees;spidersfromtheremainingheightclasses(H2H11)were

collectedfromtreebranchesthatwereaccessedusingaluminumsectional

ladders,brancheswerecutupto12mhighanddroppedtothegroundontoa

20x15feetplastictarp.Speciesdiversitywascalculatedforeachheightclass

bytreeandaveragedusingShannons(H)andSimpsons(1D)diversity

measures.Speciesturnover,basedonpairwisecomparisonsbetweenshared,

gainedandlostspeciesbetweenheightclasses,wascalculated.Acluster

analysis,basedonJaccarddistance,wascarriedouttoassessverticalpatterns

inspeciescomposition.Diversityshowedacleardecreasingpatternfromthe

groundtohigherlayers.Alayeringeffectwasobservedintermsofvertical

speciesturnover,revealingthreemainstrata:ground,understoryand

overstory;thus,spidersinwhitespruceshowamarkedverticalstratification

inlowerlayersandaweakpatternwithinhigherlayers.Theseresultsshow

therelevanceofspiderassemblageswithinaverticalgradientandthe

importanceofpreservingstructuralfeaturesintheforesttobettermaintain

spiderbiodiversityinoldgrowthforests.

SeasonalActivityofRockyMountainWoodTicks,Dermacentorandersoni,inSouthernAlberta

Lysyk,T.J.,andRochon,K.

AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,LethbridgeResearchCentre,Lethbridge,

AB.

TickpopulationsweresampledatvariouslocationsinsouthernAlbertaovera

threeyearperiod.Thesametransectsweresampledbydraggingweeklyfrom

earlyspringuntilmid tolatesummerwhennofurthertickactivitywas

detected.Tickactivitypeakedinearlyspring,immediatelyfollowinglossof

snowcover,anddeclinedthereafter.Thissurprisingresultgivesnewinsight

onRockyMountainWoodTickpopulationdynamics.

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Patternsofichneumonid(Insecta:Hymenoptera)diversityinaborealforest

ecosystem

Schwarzfeld,M.1,Sperling,F.

1

1

CW405,

Biological

Sciences

Centre,

University

of

Alberta,

Edmonton,

AB,

T6G

2E9

Ichneumonidae,thelargestfamilyofHymenoptera,areparasitoidsofother

arthropods,particularlyamongtheLepidopteraandSymphyta. Assuch,they

playanimportantroleinforestecosystems,includinglimitingpopulationsof

potentialpestspecies. Howeverbecauseoftheirspecializedlifehistories,

theymayalsobeparticularlyvulnerabletoecologicaldisturbances. To

determinebaselineIchneumonidaecommunitydataforAlbertasboreal

forest,IusedMalaisetrapsinvarioushabitatsduring2007. In2008,I

collectedichneumonidsfromfourtreatments(uncut,50%retention,20%

retention,clearcut)indeciduousdominatedstandstoassesstheimpactof

variableretentionharvestingontheichneumonidcommunity. Thisworkwas

performedattheEMEND(EcosystemManagementEmulatingNatural

Disturbance)site,approximately90kmnorthwestofPeaceRiver,AB. Twenty

foursubfamilieshavebeencollected,withover70%ofspecimensbelonging

tothefourmostabundantsubfamilies. Onesubfamily,thePimplinae,has

beenfurtheridentifiedtospecies,withatleast46speciesin22genera

present.Iwilldiscusstheseasonal,geographicalandhabitatpatternsof

Albertasborealichneumonidcommunity.

IxodesscapularisandI.pacificusticksinAlbertaJanetSperling

1,DannyShpeley

1,SarahLeo

1,2,MikeJenkins

2,FelixSperling

1

1Dept.BiologicalSciences,UniversityofAlberta2CityofEdmontonEnvironmentalServices

RecentreportshavedocumentedthedistributionofIxodesscapularisandI.

pacificusthroughoutsouthernCanada exceptforAlberta.Asthesetwotick

speciesarerecognizedastheprimaryvectorsforLymedisease,thisgap

impliesalowriskofLymediseaseforAlberta.However,overthelastdecades

intheEdmontonareawehavereceivedforidentificationanumberofticksof

thesetwospecies.Althoughtherecenttravelhistoryofthehumanandother

hostsoftheseticksisincompletelydocumented,itisimportanttonotethat

theputativevectorsofLymediseasehavebeenconsistentlypresentincentral

Alberta.

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IdentifyingAgronomicPracticesthatConserveandEnhanceNaturalEnemies

ofRootMaggots(Deliaspp.)(Diptera:Anthomyiidae)inCanola

Subramaniam,R.1,Dosdall,L.M.

1,ODonovan,J.T.

2,andHarker,K.N.

2

1DepartmentofAgricultural,FoodandNutritionalSciences,Universityof

Alberta,

Edmonton,

AB,2

Agriculture

and

Agri

Food

Canada,

Lacombe

ResearchCentre,6000C&ETrail,Lacombe,AB

Rootmaggots(Deliaspp.)(Diptera:Anthomyiidae)areseriouspestsofcanola

inwesternCanada.StudieswereundertakenincentralAlbertatoidentify

agronomicpracticesthatcanaffectthesurvivalandabundanceofAleochara

bilineata(Coleoptera:Staphylinidae),whichisanimportantnaturalenemyof

rootmaggots.AdultsofA.bilineatafeedoneggsandlarvaeofrootmaggots,

andA.bilineatalarvaeparasitizeDeliaspp.puparia.AlthoughA.bilineata

occurscommonlyincanolainwesternCanada,wehavenoknowledgeof

strategiesthatcanenhanceitseffectivenessasapredatorandparasitoid.Our

researchaimstoenablefarmerstoincreasepopulationsofthisbeneficial

insectbymodifyingcurrentproductionpracticeswithoutincurringmajor

inputcosts.Ourstudyinvolvedmanipulationoftillageregime(conventional

versuszerotillage),rowspacing,andseedingrate,toassesseffectsonA.

bilineatapopulations.Weobservedgreaterrootmaggotdamagetoplants

growninconventionaltillagethaninzerotillage,andincreasesinplant

densitygenerallyresultedinadeclineinrootmaggotdamagetocanola

taproots.ActivitydensityofA.bilineatawasgreaterinplotstilled

conventionallythaninzerotillplots.Parasitismwasgenerallygreaterinzero

tillplotsthaninplotstilledconventionally;however,noconsistenteffects

wereobservedonA.bilineataparasitisminrelationtoseedingrateandrow

spacing.TheappropriatecombinationofagronomicpracticesthatenhanceA.

bilineatapopulationshasyettobeidentifiedthroughourongoingfurther

researchinvolvinganadditionalsiteyearofdata.

Hostplantglucosinolateprofilesandthecabbageseedpodweevil

Tansey,J.A.1,Dosdall,L.M.

1,andKeddie,A

2.

DepartmentofAgricultural,FoodandNutritionalScience,410Agriculture/

ForestryCentre,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AB,CanadaT6G2P5

DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,CW405BiologicalSciencesCentre,

UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AB,CanadaT6G2E9

CompoundsassociatedwithBrassicaceaehaveelectrophysiologicaland

behaviouraleffectsonthecabbageseedpodweevil,Ceutorhynchusobstrictus

(Marsham)(syn.C.assimilis(Paykull))(Coleoptera:Curculionidae).These

substancesincludeglucosinolatesandtheirhydrolysisproducts.Wepresent

resultsofalaboratoryolfactometerstudyexaminingtheattractivenessof

odoursfromresistantandsusceptiblenovelgermplasmdevelopedfromS.

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albaxB.napusandtheparentalgenotypes,B.napusandS.alba.Wealso

examinedadultweevilfeedingandovipositionpreferencesforandlarval

developmenttimesandweightsassociatedwithresistantandsusceptible

germplasm.Theseresultsandcomparisonwithpreviouschemicalanalysesof

these

genotypes

suggest

the

attractive

effects

of

2

phenylethyl

glucosinolate

andpotentialantifeedantortoxiceffectsof1methoxy3indolylmethyl

glucosinolate.

Theeffectsofsoilnitrogen,Rhizobiuminoculationandinsecticideseed

coatingsonyieldlossandnitrogenfixationinfieldpeasunderSitona

lineatusattack

Vankosky,M.A.1,2,Crcamo,H.A.

2,Dosdall,L.M.

1

1UniversityofAlberta,DepartmentofAgricultural,FoodandNutritional

Science,410AgricultureForestryCentre,Edmonton,Alberta,Canada,T6G

2P5.2AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,LethbridgeResearchCentre,5403 1

AvenueSouth,Lethbridge,Alberta,Canada,T1J4B1.

Thepealeafweevil(SitonalineatusL.,Coleoptera:Curculionidae)isanexotic

pestoffieldpea(PisumsativumL.,Fabales:Fabaceae)insouthernAlberta.

Yieldlossresultsfromadultfeedingonplantfoliageandlarvalfeedingonroot

nodules,whichreducestheproteincontentofseedsandtheamountof

nitrogenreturnedtothesoilduetoconsumptionofRhizobiumleguminosa

rumbacteria.In2008and2009,weinvestigatedtheimpactsofsoilnitrogen

(N),Rhizobiumleguminosaruminoculation(INOC)andinsecticideseed

coating(CRUISER),invariouscombinations,onS.lineatusherbivoryandpea

yieldatLethbridgeandVauxhall.In2008,aboveandbelowgrounddamage

differedamongtreatmentsatVauxhall,withnodifferencesinyield.Foliar

damage,determinedbycountingleafnotches,wassignificantlyloweron

CRUISERplotsthanonplotswithnoinsecticideapplication.AtLethbridge,

onlyyieldandpeaproteindifferedamongtreatments,withthegreatestyield

occurringonplotstreatedwithINOC+N,followedbyCRUISER+INOC+Nand

INOC.ProteincontentwasgreatestonplotstreatedwithCRUISER+INOC+N,

followedbyINOC+NandINOC.In2009,preliminaryresultsshowthatfoliar

damagevariedamongtreatmentsatVauxhallandLethbridge.CRUISERplots

generallyhadlessfoliardamageandplotswithNorINOC+Nhadmorefoliar

damage.Ourresultssuggestthatyieldwillbeprotectedwhenpeasaregrown

insoilwithrecommendednutrientlevelsandsufficientRhizobium

populations.Incorporatinganinsecticidalproduct,suchasCruiser,inan

integratedpestmanagementprogramforS.lineatuswillalsoprotectyield.

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FromEggstoRiches:TheUseofHenEggWhiteLysozymetoControl

ChalkbroodDiseaseinHoneyBeeColonies

AmandaVanHaga1,2,B.AndrewKeddie

2,StephenF.Pernal

1

1AgricultureandAgrifoodCanada,BeaverlodgeResearchFarm,Beaverlodge,

AB

Canada,

T0H

0C0;2

Department

of

Biology,

University

of

Alberta,

Edmonton,ABCanada,T6G2E9.

Chalkbrood,causedbyAscosphaeraapis(MaassenexClaussen)Spiltoirand

Olive(1955),isacosmopolitanfungaldiseaseofhoneybeelarvae(Apis

melliferaL.)forwhichthereisnoregisteredchemotherapeuticcontrol.

Previously,itwasdeterminedthatlysozymeHCl,abroadspectrum

antimicrobialextractedfromheneggalbumen,waseffectiveatcontrolling

chalkbroodinvitro.Afieldtrialwasconductedinwhich40artificiallyinfected

packagecolonieswereinoculatedwithpollencontaininghomogenizedblack

andwhitechalkbroodmummiesandadministeredthreetreatmentsof600,

3000,or6000mglysozymeHClin50%(w/v)sucrosesyrup.Colonieswere

evaluatedfordiseaseseverity,broodandadultbeepopulationsandhoney

productionoverspringandsummermonths.LysozymeHCldidnotaffect

adultbeesurvivalorbroodproductionanddideffectivelysuppressthe

developmentofchalkbrooddisease.Dailychalkbroodmummyproduction

decreasedbyafactorof10incoloniestreatedwiththreeapplicationsof6000

mgoflysozymeHClwhencomparedwithinfected,untreatedcontrolsand

reduceddiseasesymptomstolevelsobservedinuninfectedcolonies.Honey

productionwassignificantlynegativelycorrelatedwithincreaseddisease

severity.LysozymeHClshowspromiseasanew,foodgradetherapyforthe

controlofchalkbrooddiseaseinhoneybeecolonies.

Halos,Ripples,andGhostsofDispersalPast

VanHezewijk,B.H.1andBourchier,R.S.

1

1Agriculture&AgriFoodCanada,LethbridgeResearchCentre,Lethbridge,

Alberta

Ithasbeenpreviouslyobservedthatintheyearsfollowingapointrelease,the

weedbiocontrolinsect,Aphthonalacertosa,canhaveanapproximately

circularregionofimpactonitshostplantleafyspurge. Insubsequentyears,

adultbeetlesarehighlyaggregatedonhealthyplantsattheedgeofthis

expandinghaloofdeadplants.Wehypothesizedthatthecauseofthis

spatialpatternresultedfromoneoftwoprocesses: outwarddispersalof

adultswitharrestmentbehaviourattheedgeofthehalo,or,higherratesof

reproductionandemergenceattheedgeofthehalo. Usingagridof140

emergencetrapstomonitorthespatiotemporalpatternsofemergence,and

weeklysweepnetsamplestomonitoradultdistributions,wediscoveredan

unexpectedpattern. Adultbeetlesdiddiffuseoutwardfromanemergence

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area,butthisareawasnotfixedinspace. Overthecourseoftheseason,the

patternofbeetleemergenceresembledacircularwave,travellingoutward

fromacentralfocus. Itisthoughtthatthispatternrepresentsthesignature

ofdispersalandovipositionpatternsfromthepreviousyear(s)andhas

important

implications

for

the

long

term

persistence

of

these

populations.

Parasitoidcompetition?orCanparasitoidsdistinguishpreviouslyparasitized

hosts?

Waller,J.L.

DepartmentofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AB.

Parasitoidsarebelievedtoinfluencethepopulationdynamicsoftheforest

tentcaterpillar(FTC),Malacosomadisstria(Lepidoptera:Lasiocampidae).

Therefore,IaminvestigatingtheFTCparasitoidcommunityinnorthern

Alberta.Over10,000FTClarvaeandpupaewerecollectedin2008,from

whichapproximately3500parasitoidswerereared.Themajorityof

parasitoidswereflies,withthetwomostcommonbeingArachnidomyia

aldrichi(Parker)(Diptera:Sarcophagidae)andCarceliamalacosomae(Sellers)

(Diptera:Tachinidae).C.malacosomaeattacksFTClarvaeandemergesfrom

FTCpupae,whileA.aldrichiattacksFTCinthepupalstage.Interspecific

competitionwasobservedandinvestigatedbetweenthesetwoparasitoids.In

2008fewerFTCthanexpectedwerefoundtocontainbothA.aldrichi

andC.

malacosomaeindicatingthateitheroneparasitoidwasoutcompetingthe

otherorA.aldrichiwaschoosingunparasitizedFTChosts.The2008data

suggeststhatA.aldrichimaynotbeoutcompetingC.malacosomaesinceFTC

pupalparasitismbyC.malacosomaewashigherthanFTClarvalparasitismby

C.malacosomae,theoppositeofwhatwouldbeexpectedifA.aldrichiwas

outcompetingC.malacosomaeinsidethehost.Fieldtestsconductedin2009

supportedthesuggestionthatA.aldrichiselectsunparasitizedFTChosts.This

couldleadtoabetterchanceofsurvivalforbothparasitoidspecies,resulting

inagreateroverallrateofFTCparasitismwhichmayhaveimportant

implicationsforFTCpopulationdynamics.

Bioclimaticapproachestoassessthepotentialimpactofclimatechangeon

insectpopulationsinagroecosystems

Weiss,R.M.andOlfert,O.

AgricultureandAgriFoodCanada,SaskatoonResearchCentre.107Science

Place,Saskatoon,SK.Canada.S7N0X2.Email:Ross.Weiss@agr.gc.ca

Theroleofclimateindeterminingthegeographicaldistributionofplants,

arthropodsandpathogensiswelldocumented.Therehasbeenconsiderable

concerninrecentyearsaboutclimaticchangescausedbyhumanactivities

andtheireffectsonagriculture.Globalwarmingconditionsmayimpact

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temperateinsectpopulationsbyincreasinggrowthanddevelopmentrates,

shortinggenerationtimes,extendingthegrowingseason,reducing

overwinteringmortality,alteringtimingofemergencefromoverwintering

sites,andchangingtheirgeographicdistribution.Predictivebioclimatic

modelling

approaches

have

been

used

to

quantify

species

environment

interactions,inrelationtochangesinclimate.Oncebioclimaticmodelshave

beenvalidatedandvettedthroughpeerreview,futureclimatescenarioscan

beappliedeitherthrougha)incrementallyadjustingclimatevariables(e.g.+1,

+2,+3C)inordertostudythesensitivityofaspecificsystemsresponsetoa

rangeofpotentialclimaticchanges,orb)throughapplicationofcomprehen

siveclimatescenariostakenfromGlobalClimateModels(GCMs).Thesetwo

approachesareusefulinstudyingthebehaviourorresponsivenessofa

speciestoprojectedclimatechanges,andtheimpactsthismayhaveonissues

ofinterest(e.g.,agricultureandbiodiversity).Casestudiesofinsectpestsare

usedtoillustratetheutilityoftheseapproaches,andtodrawoutthegeneral

patternsofresponse.

Beetlespeciesoffallentremblingaspendeadwood

Wood,C.M.1,Spence,J.R.

1,andLangor,D.W.

2

1DepartmentofRenewableResources,751GeneralServicesBuilding,

UniversityofAlberta,EdmontonAlbertaT6G2H12NaturalResourcesCanada,CanadianForestService,NorthernForestry

Centre,5320122StreetEdmonton,AlbertaT6H3S5

Astreesdieanddecay,theyprovideheterogeneoushabitatswhichare

anythingbutdevoidoflife.Deadwoodsupportsalargenumberanddiversity

offorestdwellingarthropods,manyofwhicharesaproxylic(i.e.entirely

dependentondeadordyingwood).Althoughsaproxylicarthropodsare

importantinprovidingcrucialecosystemservices(decomposition,nutrient

cycling),ourknowledgeofthefaunaandtheirrequiredhabitatsislimited.To

determinethedeadwoodassociatedbeetlespeciesandtheirhabitat

requirementsinnorthwesternAlberta,wehandcollectedandrearedbeetles

fromvariousdecaystatesandsizesoffallentremblingaspen(Populus

tremuloides)deadwood.Thecommunitiesofsaproxylicbeetlesinvarious

deadwoodhabitatswillbepresentedandimplicationsforforestmanagement

practiceswillbediscussed.Theconservationofourforestdwellingspeciesis

criticaltomaintainecosystemfunction,resilienceandresistance.

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DoesBraconcephireducestemminingbywheatstemsawfly?Wu,X.

1,2,HectorCarcamo

1,BrianBeres

1

1AAFC,LethbridgeResearchCentre,Lethbridge2LabofEntomology,CollegeofAgriculture,InnerMongoliaAgricultural

University,

China

Thewheatstemsawflyhasbeenamajorpestofspringwheatinthesouthern

prairiesofCanadaandtheadjoiningpartsoftheUnitedStates.Braconcephi

(Gahan)isanimportantendemicectoparatoidofthewheatstemsawflythat

canreachveryhighlevelsofparasitism.Theobjectivesofthisstudywereto

determinetheeffectofB.cephionthefeedingdamage(stemmining)caused

bysawflyandconsequencesongrainwheatyield.Thecultivarsstudied

includedsolidandhollowstemwheat.ThisstudywasconductedatCoalhurst,

westofLethbridgein20032005,and2008.Ourresultsshowedthatstems

notinfestedbythewheatstemsawflytendedtohavelightergrainheadsthan

thoseinfested.Therewasnoconsistentdifferenceingrainheadweights

amongthevariousstemclassesthatwereinfestedbysawfly.In2008,the

lengthofthefeedingtunnelwassignificantlyshorterinparasitizedstemsthan

thosecutorwithdeadsawflylarvae;inotheryearsthedifferenceswerenot

significant.WeconcludedthatalthoughB.cephireducedstemminingbythe

wheatstemsawflyitdidnotaffecttheseedweightinourstudy.Neverthe

less,reductioninstemlodgingduringthegrowingseasonandlowersawfly

populationsinfollowingyearsareimportantreasonstoconservethis

parasitoid.

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VERMILIONCAMPUS

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MAINFLOOR,ALUMNIHALL

Cafeteria

MainTheatre

N

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