esia amendment greece annex 6.5 landscape baseline study amendment 1...the pipeline route; location...

ESIA Amendment Greece

Annex 6.5 Landscape Baseline Study

E.ON Technologies GmbH

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Project Title: Trans Adriatic Pipeline – TAP GPL00-EXG-642-Y-TAE-1006 Rev.: 0B / at13 Document Title: Annex 6.5. Landscape Baseline Study

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 4

2 STUDY METHODOLOGY 5

Study Area 5

Methodology 5 2.2.2 Field Survey 7 2.2.3 Landscape Quality Criteria and Sensitivity 7

3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE LANDSCAPE BASELINE 11

4 VISUAL AMENITY 17

Block Valve Stations 17

Pipe Yards 26

Camp Sites 54 List of Tables Table 2-1 Landscape Quality and sensitivity 9 Table 2-2 Grades of landscape sensitivity to change 9 Table 2-3 Viewpoints sensitivity grades 10 Table 4-1 Block Valve Stations visual receptors sensitivity 25 Table 4-2 Pipe yard visual receptors sensitivity 53 Table 4-3 Camp sites visual receptors sensitivity 58 List of Figures Figure 4-1 Area of GBV02 (VP-6; , IP 109-8) 17 Figure 4-2 Area of GBV08 (VP-25; IP 416-4) 18 Figure 4-3 Area of GBV09 (VP-27; IP 450-22) 18 Figure 4-4 Area of GBV10 (VP-32; IP 502) 19 Figure 4-5 Area of GBV11 (VP-43; IP 550-1) 19 Figure 4-6 Area of GBV12 (VP-44; IP 581) 20 Figure 4-7 Area of GBV13 (VP-49; IP 637-2) 20 Figure 4-8 Area of GBV14 (VP-54; IP 676) 21 Figure 4-9 Area of GBV18 (VP-71; IP 1058) 22 Figure 4-10 Area of GBV21 (VP-72; IP 1175) 23 Figure 4-11 Area of GBV22 (VP-65; IP 1230) 23 Figure 4-12 Area of GBV23 (VP-68; IP 1277) 24 Figure 4-13 Area of GPY 01 (VP-1; IP 41) 26 Figure 4-14 Area of GPY 02 (VP-2; IP 109) 27 Figure 4-15 Area of GPY2_1 (VP-3; IP 109) 27 Figure 4-16 Area of GPY2_2 (VP-4; IP 109) 28 Figure 4-17 Area of GPY2_3 (VP-5; IP 109) 28 Figure 4-18 Area of GPY2_4 (VP-7; IP 109-4) 29 Figure 4-19 Area of GPY2_5 (VP-8; IP 109-9) 29 Figure 4-20 Area of GPY3_1 (VP-9; IP 224) 30 Figure 4-21 Area of GPY 04 (VP-13; IP 251-10) 30


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Figure 4-22 Area of GPY4_1 (VP-10; IP 251-6) 31 Figure 4-23 Area of GPY4_2 (VP-14; IP 251-14) 32 Figure 4-24 Area of GPY4_3 (VP-15, IP 291) 32 Figure 4-25 Area of GPY4_4 (VP-16; IP 290) 33 Figure 4-26 Area of GPY5_1 (VP-17; IP 334) 33 Figure 4-27 Area of GPY5_2 (VP-18; IP 334) 34 Figure 4-28 Area of GPY5_3 (VP-19; IP 334) 34 Figure 4-29 Area of GPY5_4 (VP-20; IP 347) 35 Figure 4-30 Area of GPY5_5 (VP-21; IP 347) 35 Figure 4-31 Area of GPY6_1 (VP-22; IP 394-10) 36 Figure 4-32 Area of GPY6_2 (VP-23; IP 394-10) 37 Figure 4-33 Area of GPY6_3 (VP-24; IP 394-16) 37 Figure 4-34 Area of GPY 07 (VP-28; IP 450-32) 38 Figure 4-35 Area of GPY7_1 (VP-26; IP 450-32) 38 Figure 4-36 Area of GPY7_2 (VP-29; IP 467) 39 Figure 4-37 Area of GPY8_1 (VP-36; IP 528) 40 Figure 4-38 Area of GPY8_2 (VP-38; IP 537) 40 Figure 4-39 Area of GPY8_3 (VP-39; IP 538) 41 Figure 4-40 Area of GPY9_1 (VP-41; IP 567) 41 Figure 4-41 Area of GPY9_2 (VP-41; IP 567) 42 Figure 4-42 Area of GPY9_3 (VP-42; IP 566) 42 Figure 4-43 Area of GPY10_1 (VP-48; IP 622) 43 Figure 4-44 Area of GPY 11 (VP-52; IP 668-2) 44 Figure 4-45 Area of GPY11_1 (VP-50; IP 668-1) 44 Figure 4-46 Area of GPY11_2 (VP-51; IP 670) 45 Figure 4-47 Area of GPY12_1 (VP-55; IP 1014) 46 Figure 4-48 Area of GPY13_1 (VP-56; IP 1053) 46 Figure 4-49 Area of GPY14_1 (VP-58; IP 1139) 47 Figure 4-50 Area of GPY14_2 (VP-57; IP 1140) 48 Figure 4-51 Area of GPY15_1 (VP-61; IP 1189) 48 Figure 4-52 Area of GPY15_2 (VP-62; IP 1189) 49 Figure 4-53 Area of GPY15_3 (VP-63; IP 1189) 49 Figure 4-54 Area of GPY15_4 (VP-64; IP 1189) 50 Figure 4-55 Area of GPY16_1 (VP-69; IP 1242) 51 Figure 4-56 Area of GPY16_2 (VP-70; IP 1242) 51 Figure 4-57 Area of GPY17_1 (VP-66; IP 1283) 52 Figure 4-58 Area of GPY17_2 (VP-67; IP 1284) 52 Figure 4-59 Area of GCAMP02 (VP-12; IP 251-8) 55 Figure 4-60 Area of GCAMP2_1 (VP-11; IP 251-8) 55 Figure 4-61 Area of GCAMP04 (VP-40; IP 536) 56 Figure 4-62 Area of GCAMP4_1 (VP-37; IP 538) 56 Figure 4-63 Area of GCAMP05 (VP-53; IP 668-4) 57 Figure 4-64 Area of GCAMP07 (VP-59; , IP 1157) 58


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1 Introduction

A Landscape and Visual Analysis has been conducted for the pipeline located in Greece running

across the Regions of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Central Macedonia and Western

Macedonia, for approximately 543 km. Two major sections have been distinguished: (i) from IP 0-

1 to IP 728 (KP 0 to KP 359), i.e. the East Section, running from the Greek/ Turkish border to the

area of Nea Mesimvria in Thessaloniki, and (ii) from IP 1001 to IP 1315 (KP 359 to KP 543), i.e.

the West Section, running from the area of Nea Mesimvria in Thessaloniki to the Greek/ Albanian

border. The Landscape and Visual Analysis has been conducted in order to establish the

landscape conditions and quality before the beginning of the works and to enable a correct

assessment of the short and long term impacts due to the construction of the project, its

operation and its future decommissioning regarding the landscape of the study area.

The key steps in the methodology applied to the assessment are as follows:

Establish landscape and visual study area

Prepare a baseline landscape character assessment of the study area and define

sensitivity of the local landscape character to the proposed changes due to project; and

Prepare baseline description of visual amenity from key viewpoint locations and define the

sensitivity of the viewers at given viewpoint locations to the proposed changes by the

project.

The structure of this document is presented below:

Methodology of the assessment and key factors of the analysis

General description of the landscape baseline

Visual amenity for the block valve stations (BVSs), pipe yards, camp sites


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2 STUDY METHODOLOGY

Study Area

The study area for the landscape and visual impact assessment is usually defined as the

geographic area from which the proposal facilities are likely to be visible. The study area for the

landscape analysis is a zone of 10 kilometres around the proposed pipeline route (buffer of 5 km

on each side of the pipeline). The main components that will be studied include the pipeline route

together with the temporary and the permanent facilities. These facilities include the BVSs, the

construction camps and the pipe yard sites. It should be noted that the locations of the

compressor stations are not included in the scope of this report, since their impact has already

been assessed in the ESIA report and no changes have been introduced.

Methodology

This section presents the methodology used for the landscape and visual analysis of the study

area. There are three basic steps that have been followed: the desktop study, the field survey

and the presentation of the findings using specific assessment criteria related to the landscape

quality and sensitivity.

2.2.1 Desk Study

In the absence of landscape character types in Greece, a prototype landscape classification was

developed.

The data that have been taken into account for the landscape analysis include:

Topographic maps of the Hellenic Military Geographical Service (scale 1:50.000);

Forest maps;

Geological maps;

CORINE land cover;

Satellite images;

Protected areas (Natura 2000, National parks, etc.);

Areas of cultural heritage (Archaeological sites, monuments, traditional settlements, areas of intangible heritage, etc.);

Hydrography of the study area (rivers, streams, lakes, etc.);


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Existing Infrastructures (road network, etc.);

Administrative boundaries and settlements;

Digital Terrain Model (DTM);

The pipeline route;

Location of BVSs, camp sites and pipe yard sites;

Layouts, sizes of buildings etc. and

Data collected from the field survey (see Section 2.2.2 ‘Field Survey’).

The first step to take was the information gathering and analysis in order to define the landscape

baseline of the study area. By means of the ArcGIS software, the datasets were organized into

feature datasets (vector and raster) and stored in a geodatabase.

Next step was to establish a classification of the landscape units. For that purpose the study area

was divided into a grid of 500 m X 500 m in order to have equal areas. All the vector data in the

geodatabase were overlayed together and all the information was stored in each cell of the grid.

Then the dataset was exported to SPSS software where the classification was realized, and

eleven preliminary landscape units were obtained.

The factors that were taken into consideration in order to define and name the landscape units

were:

Natural factors;

Geology;

Landform – topography;

River and drainage systems;

Land cover;

Cultural/social factors;

Land use and management;

Settlement pattern; and

Patterns of field enclosure.

A preliminary typology of the landscape was derived from the classification with specific

landscape character types.


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The last step of the desktop study was the identification of sensitive receivers and the selection of

viewpoints. The viewpoints were selected based on the potential visual sensitive receivers (i.e.

residents, road users, nature recreation users). These viewpoints were related both to the

permanent structure location and the areas of high landscape value. At the next step, the

preliminary landscape units and areas were groundtruthed during the field survey using sample

control points.

2.2.2 Field Survey

The field survey has been conducted along the route of the pipeline within a zone of 10 km

around it (5 km on each side of the route) in order to verify the landscape character and assess

the landscape quality in specific areas that was identified at the desk study.

A set of selected photographs were acquired with a digital camera DSLR (Sony NEX-5, 18-

55mm). The focal length was set to 50mm in the landscape mode. The selected photographs

represent views towards the pipeline route from nearby receptors, located in a selection of

different landscapes. GPS Coordinates were recorded for each viewpoint. The coordinate

reference system used is the Greek Grid (GGRS87). The GPS coordinates were recorded from a

handheld GPS unit (Topcon GSM-2) which is typically accurate to approximately 2 to 5 meters

horizontally (using the real time differential GPS correction), while the vertical elevation may be

out by a larger margin. In this report, GPS coordinates are presented in format X,Y (Easting and

Northing accordingly).

The photographs obtained have been used for the description of the landscape character, the

assessment of the landscape quality.

Special attention has been given to the block valve stations locations as well as the areas of high

landscape value.

Complementary information for the description of the landscape character was also collected in

the Landscape Character Assessment Survey Form (e.g. dominant land cover and landscape

elements visually assessed and perceived character etc.).

2.2.3 Landscape Quality Criteria and Sensitivity

The landscape of the study area was analysed as, both, a desktop based exercise and during the

field survey in order to define the character of the local landscape that may be affected by the

project.


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Some key definitions are as follows.

Landscape value is the relative value or importance attached to a landscape (often as a

basis for designation or recognition), which expresses national or local consensus, because

of its quality, special features including perceptual aspects such as scenic beauty,

tranquillity or wilderness, cultural associations or other conservation issues.

Landscape character is the distinct and recognisable pattern of elements that occurs

consistently in a particular type of landscape, and how this is perceived by people.

Landscape quality (or condition) is based upon judgements about the physical state of the

landscape and its intactness from visual, functional, and ecological perspectives. It also

reflects the state of repair of individual features and elements which make up the character

in any one place.

Landscape sensitivity is defined in relation to the specific type of change envisaged and

depends on landscape character and how vulnerable this is to change. Landscapes which

are highly sensitive are at risk of having their key characteristics fundamentally altered,

leading to a different landscape character. Sensitivity is assessed by considering the

physical characteristics and the perceptual characteristics of landscapes in light of

particular forms of development.

Field survey forms were completed and a photographic record made of the landscapes of

different character encountered. The principal local landscape character areas were then

identified and described as part of the baseline study and an evaluation of the sensitivity of each

landscape to the proposed changes was made.

The sensitivity of a landscape is judged by the extent to which it can accept change of a

particular type and scale without adverse effects on its character. Sensitivity varies according to

the type of development proposed and the nature of the landscape: its individual elements, key

characteristics (land use, pattern and scale of landscape, enclosure/openness), inherent quality,

condition, presence of detracting elements (e.g. pylons), value and capacity to accommodate

change, and any specific values such as designations that apply.

Error! Reference source not found. summarises the landscape quality criteria with a

description of each category and its sensitivity to change.


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Table 2-1 Landscape Quality and sensitivity

Quality Description Sensitivity to

change

Highest A landscape of highest quality including areas of ‘awe inspiring’ or ‘sublime’ nature, important on a national or international level.

Usually high

High A landscape of high quality including areas with significance in national, regional or local level.

Medium to high

Good A landscape of good quality including areas attractive but with less significant and more common landscape features.

Usually medium

Ordinary A landscape of medium quality including areas with common features and some intrusive elements.

Medium to low

Poor A landscape of low quality including areas destroyed, degraded or abandoned. Usually low

Source: ERM 2011

Error! Reference source not found. summarises the criteria of landscape sensitivity to change.

Table 2-2 Grades of landscape sensitivity to change

Grade Description

High A landscape protected by a regional (structure plan) or national designation and/ or widely acknowledged for its quality and value; a landscape with distinctive character and low capacity to accommodate the type of change envisaged

Medium A landscape protected by a regional (structure plan) or national designation and/ or widely acknowledged for its quality and value; a landscape with distinctive character and low capacity to accommodate the type of change envisaged

Low A moderately valued landscape, perhaps a locally important landscape, or where its character, land use, pattern and scale may have the capacity to accommodate a degree of the type of change envisaged

Source: ERM 2011

The baseline visual amenity of the study area refers to the viewpoints from selected locations

representing a range of viewer types and viewing opportunities. Each viewpoint was selected to

represent a typical view from the immediate area which it represents. Viewpoint sensitivity

depends on a number of factors including the context of the viewpoint, the current occupation

(residents, recreational visitors, passers-by, workers, etc.) and viewing opportunity of the groups

of people being considered, as well as the number of people affected. The sensitivity of a

viewpoint depends upon the extent to which the viewers it represents are affected by changes in

their view together with the quality of the existing view. It takes account of the quality of the

existing view and the viewer type.

The grades of landscape and viewpoint sensitivity are presented below (Error! Reference

source not found.). The descriptions of levels of sensitivity are indicative only. Each case is

assessed on its own merits using professional judgement and experience, and there is no

defined boundary between levels of impacts.


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Table 2-3 Viewpoints sensitivity grades

Grade Description

High

Larger numbers of viewers and/or those with proprietary interest and prolonged viewing opportunities such as residents and users of attractive and well-used recreational facilities. The quality of the existing view, as likely to be perceived by the viewer, is assessed as being high

Medium Small numbers of residents and moderate numbers of visitors with an interest in their environment. Larger numbers of recreational road users. The quality of the existing view, as likely to be perceived by the viewer, is assessed as being medium

Low Small numbers of visitors with interest in their surroundings. Viewers with a passing interest not specifically focussed on the landscape e.g. workers, commuters. The quality of the existing view, as likely to be perceived by the viewer, is assessed as being low

Source: ERM 2011


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3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE LANDSCAPE BASELINE

Landscape Character Types were identified and described in the study area along the pipeline

route based on desktop work and the field surveys. The pre-classification of landscape types

from topographic maps and satellite was confirmed and refined in the field.

Based on the above, eighteen (18) distinct Landscape Character Types were identified:

Plain agricultural areas: This landscape unit covers most of the study area. It is present

along the sections of River Evros, Lowlands of Evros, Komotini – Xanthi Plain, Philippoi

Plain, Serres Plain, Gallikos Plain and Axios Plain. The river systems of Evros, Filiouris,

Bosbos (aka Bosbozis), Kompsatos (aka Xiropotamos), Xanthis (aka Kosinthos), Aggitis,

Nestos, and Stimonas, along with numerous irrigation channels, such as the Philippoi Ditch

or the Mpelitsa Ditch, are dominant and have contributed to the fertility of the land. Along

the rivers, the riparian vegetation present is mainly consisted of hedges and low vegetation.

Only along Bosbos, Xanthis and Nestos (and partially Strymonas), is the landscape

modified. The agricultural fields can be divided into irrigated and non-irrigated. The

landscape offers open views of fields spreading unified in the entire area and it is only

interrupted by small villages that are embedded smoothly in the landscape. Amaranta,

Peplos, Iasmos, Amaxades, Diomidia, Chrysioupoli, Symvoli, Nea Zichni, Tholos, Gazoros,

Neos Skopos, Mitrousi, and Provatas are included in the most important residential areas in

this landscape type.

Mountainous forested areas: Areas of this type are present, mainly, in the sections of

Southern Evros, Kavala Mountains, Kroussia mountains, Vermio Mountain, Askio Mountain

and Kastoria-to- Greek-Albanian borders. It also forms the northern borders of Komotini –

Xanthi Plain section. They include protected areas such as the Wildlife Refuges of (i) Kirki,

(ii) Agios Timotheos – Kioupia, (iii) Nestos’ Straits, (iv) Kastene Ntag, and (v) ‘Er.

Makryotissa– Ampelia-Nisi-Riziana. There are Natura 2000 sites such as (i) Southern

Forest Complex of Evros (GR1110009), (ii) Kompsatos River Valley (GR1130012), (iii)

Nestos’ Straits (GR1120004). There are also the Aesthetic Forests of (i) Kavala-

Amygdaleona and (ii) Nestos. The altitude of these areas ranges from 300 metres to 1900

metres a.s.l. with moderate to high inclinations and steep slopes. The landscape offers

inspiring views to colourful and beautiful pure or mixed forests and an overview of the

agricultural plains. They are mostly covered by Quercus and Pinus sp high forests, mixed

with Caprinus, Fraxinus and Acer sp and woodlands (shrublands) and beeches (Fagus


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sylvatica). They are important sites for breeding and wintering of avifauna and other fauna

species associated with forest. AnoGrammatiko, Kato Grammatiko, Kleisoura and Lehovo

are some of the most important traditional villages that are smoothly embedded into the

whole scenery.

Mixed forested and agricultural areas: This landscape type is present in Southern Evros,

the eastern limits of Kavala mountains, Serres Plain, and Gallikos Plain sections. This

landscape type covers most of the Kroussia mountain section. It is characterised by areas

mixed with agricultural fields and forests before entering the pure forests. Scrub or

herbaceous vegetation, broad-leaved forested areas and non-irrigated arable lands are the

dominant land cover of this landscape type. The altitude is rather low reaching up to 500

metres a.s.l.

Mixed agricultural and urban or industrial areas: This landscape unit combines

landscape characteristics of plain agricultural areas and artificial surfaces and covers

transitional areas between the two previously mentioned landscapes. The agricultural

character of the landscape, offering open view of fields, is interrupted by limited artificial

developments of discontinuous residential areas or industrial/ commercial developments. It

is present near significant urban centres of the area, mainly close to Komotini, Xanthi and

Nea Karvali, in the Komotini-Xanthi Plain section, and at the western limits of the Kavala

mountain section and of course north of Thessaloniki, in Gallikos plain section.

Hilly shrublands and grasslands: Areas of this type are present, mainly, in the area of

Evros Regional Entity. Scrub and/or herbaceous vegetation are dominant and also natural

vegetation. The altitude of these areas is low (ranging from 100 to 600 metres a.s.l.)

forming hills covered with shrublands. This type usually stands for a transitional landscape

before entering the natural forests. The scrubs and/or herbaceous vegetation are dominant

here along with woodland.

Hilly mixed grasslands and agricultural areas: This landscape type is mainly present in

the Kroussia mountain section and constitutes a transitional zone between the agricultural

areas in the Gallikos plain and Kroussia Mountain foothills. The altitude of this area varies

from 100 to 600 metres a.s.l. and it is mostly covered by agricultural lands interrupted by

grasslands and shrubs.

Urban and industrial areas: This landscape type is present in Southern Evros area, in

Komotini-Xanthi plain, Kavala mountains, Serres plain, Gallikos plain, Axios plain and


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Ptolemaida basin. It is mainly represented by the cities of Alexandroupolis, Komotini,

Kavala, Serres, Agios Athanasios, Nea Mesimvria, Achialos, and Ptolemaida. These areas

apply the most dominant urban characteristics. The industrial area of Komotini close to

Thrylorio and Fylakas villages and some quarry development west of Assiros should also

be highlighted as they dominate the landscape. It should be also noted that numerous

settlements exist along the study area but their landscape characteristics blend with the

dominant agricultural feature of the broader area. In the Ptolemaida Basin, Ptolemaida city

and the mineral extraction sites northwest of Perdika village mostly characterise this type of

landscape that could be easily be defined as an «energy landscape type» since lignite

extractions and the broader industrial area of the power station are the main activities in

this landscape type.

Mixed riparian forested and agricultural areas: Areas of this type are present mainly in

the Komotini-Xanthi Plain and Serres Plain sections. In the first section, they are connected

to the river systems of Bosbos, Xanthis, Kompsatos and Nestos, whilst in the second to the

Gazoros torrent, Aggitis River and Strymonas River. The rivers are surrounded by mixed

riparian forests (mostly galleries of poplars, willows, and some planes and deciduous

shrublands) and agricultural vegetation. The water element, although limited in width, is

dominant in the area and characterizes the whole scenery offering a beautiful and peaceful

view to the visitor. It is highlighted that this is not the case for the whole length of the river

systems of the study area, due to intensive agricultural development. Areas of this type are

also present in the Askio Mountain and Ptolemaida basin sections and they are connected

to the Cheimaditida and Zazari lakes system. The lakes are surrounded by mixed riparian

forests (mostly oaks and deciduous shrublands) and agricultural vegetation. The lakes are

dominant in the area and characterize the whole scenery offering a beautiful and peaceful

view to the visitor.

Evros wetland: Evros wetland is present in Evros River area section and includes the river

system and the Delta of Evros River. Riparian vegetation is present in the broader area

together with the agricultural areas. The area of Delta is very important site for breeding,

passage and wintering of water birds, raptors and passerines and is also designated as a

National Park, Natura 2000 site (GR1110006) and Ramsar Site.

Riparian forested areas: This landscape unit can be observed along Nestos River, in the

Komotini-Xanthi plain section. Nestos River is included in the designated Area of High

Landscape Value (AHLV) of ‘Nestos’ Straits’ (also Natura 2000 site GR1120004 and


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G1120005, Wildlife Refuge, Aesthetic Forest) and the National Park of Eastern Macedonia

– Thrace (also Natura 2000 site GR1150010 and G1150001, and Ramsar site). The

designated AHLV exists at the northern borders of the study area. Nestos’ Straits is a steep

valley which is characterized by intense meanders and impressive relief. The area hosts a

variety of habitats and is mostly undisturbed by human intervention. The only man-made

intervention is a railway which is merged in with the overall scenery. Riparian forests can

be also seen within the Serres plain section, specifically covering the area along Gazoros

torrent, in the Wildlife Refuge of ‘Chimaros Gazorou – Palia Zichni’ and along a segment of

Aggitis River, in the designated Area of High Landscape Value of Aggitis Gorge. Aggitis

Gorge is characterized by riparian forest of planes (Platanus orientalis) and deciduous or

evergreen shrubs. Aggitis Gorge is formed between Paggaio Mountain and Meniko

Mountain, due to karstification, and has a length of approximately 15 km. The slopes can

reach a height of up to 70 m and are covered mainly with maquis vegetation. Along the

river, galleries of willows and planes are present. Cave of Alistrati is a karstic formation also

included in the designated area.

Lake Vistonida Wetland: Lake Vistonida is included in the National Park of Eastern

Macedonia – Thrace and a complex of protected areas, which includes 4 Natura 2000

sites, Wildlife Refuges and 2 Ramsar Sites among others. Based on the description of the

Natura 2000 site GR1130010 ‘LIMNES VISTONIS, ISMARIS – LIMNOTHALASSES

PORTO LAGOS, ALYKI PTELEA, XIROLIMNI, KARATZA’ (i.e. Lakes Vistonida, Ismarida –

Lagoons of Porto Lagos, Alyki Ptelea, Xirolimni, Karatza), the overall wetland of Lake

Vistonida and Porto Lagos lagoons include a series of coastal lakes and the outlet of rivers

Kosynthos, Kompsatos, and Filiouris. Lake Vistonida is characterized by half brackish –

half freshwater water and inflow by the rivers Kosynthos and Kompsatos. Porto Lagos

lagoon presents high salinity and is a designated Area of High Landscape Value. There are

different habitats: large reedbeds all around, Tamarix scrubs (one of the largest in Greece),

salt marshes, dunes, bordering maquis hills and also agricultural cultivation extending close

to the wetland plain which is bordered by hills. It must be noted that the study area includes

a small section of the wetland, at the outskirts of the national park, next to industrial

facilities, of small landscape value, but the proposed pipeline route does not cross this

landscape unit and runs north of it.

Lagoons of Keramoti: Lagoons of Keramoti are included in the National Park of Eastern

Macedonia – Thrace and the complex of protected areas it includes (4 Natura 2000 sites,

Wildlife Refuges and 2 Ramsar Sites, among others). Nestos’ Delta creates the lagoons of


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the area. Based on the description of the Natura 2000 site GR1150001 ‘DELTA NESTOU

KAI LIMNOTHALASSES KERAMOTIS KAI NISOS THASOPOULA’ (Nestos’ Delta and

Lagoons of Keramoti and Thasopoula Island) the Keramoti lagoons are a complex of

coastal saltwater lagoons, situated at the western extent of Nestos Delta, west of Keramoti

town. The most important habitat types are large coastal dunes, saltmarshes, reedbeds,

and especially beds of marine vegetation-communities of vascular plants (Zostera,

Posidonia etc.). Fish-farms exist in each lagoon and in the proximity there are an airport

and installations of an abandoned U.S. military radio station. It must be noted that the study

area includes a small section of the protected lagoons, at the outskirts of the national park

and next to industrial facilities, of small landscape value, and the proposed pipeline route

does not cross this landscape unit but runs to the north of it.

Mixed grasslands and agricultural areas: This landscape type is mainly present in the

Vermio Mountain section and constitutes a transitional zone between the agricultural areas

in the Axios Plain and Vermio Mountain foothills. The altitude of this area varies from 100 to

600 meters and it is mostly covered by agricultural lands interrupted by grasslands and

shrubs.

Upland agricultural areas: This type of landscape is widespread along the route – present

within the Vermio Mountain, Ptolemaida Basin, Askio Mountain and Kastoria to Border

sections. It is a landscape type typical of the mountainous areas of Greece, covering

thousands of hectares. The mean altitude is 800 meters, although some of the cultivated

plateaus have an altitude of up to 1,200 meters; the plateau of Variko village is a prime

example of this. Pastures, meadows and grasslands are also present throughout this

landscape type.

Agricultural areas with narrow valleys: Areas of this type are present in Axios Plain

section between Nea Mesimvria and Vathylakos village, as well as further north. The

predominant agricultural areas are interrupted by narrow valleys of small streams covered

by pine and platanus orientalis trees as well as deciduous shrubs.

Mountainous shrublands and grasslands: Areas of this landscape type are present in

the Vermio Mountain and Ptolemaida Basin sections, specifically on the Vermio Mountain

slopes and Charakomata slopes. The altitude of these areas ranges from 300 meters to

1900 meters a.s.l. Mountainous slopes covered by shrublands and grasslands are the most


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characteristics for this landscape type. On the Vermio Mountain slopes these areas have

historically been used for summer pasture.

Mountainous mixed agricultural areas with narrow valleys: This landscape unit is

present in the Kastoria to Greek-Albanian Border section and comprises a mosaic of

agricultural lands in hills or mountains, grasslands and mixed forests of oaks (Quercus) and

deciduous shrublands. The forests are mostly present in the narrow valleys along with

natural riparian vegetation. These are mostly formed by rivers and streams and are typical

of the area the Aliakmonas River runs through (southwest of Mesopotamia village). The

altitude varies from 600 to 1,200 meters and the highest elevations are in the border area.

Ieropigi, Koromilia, Lefki and Ampelohori are the most important villages within this

landscape type.

Kastoria wetland: The region of Kastoria has a distinct landscape type. The Kastoria Lake

is a Natura 2000 special protected area (code GR1320003) as well as an Area of High

Landscape Value (the lake and the peninsula). The lake is dominant in the area and is a

unique type of lake landscape in Greece. The traditional town of Kastoria is located in the

northwest of the lake and is an active region for crafts specializing in the fur industry. The

surrounding area predominantly consists of agricultural and riparian lands and is

considered of high aesthetic and cultural value. It must be noted that the proposed pipeline

route does not directly cross this landscape unit but runs to the south of it.


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4 VISUAL AMENITY

Since the pipeline will be located underground, the visual impacts on the landscape were

analysed for the permanent components of the pipeline (BVSs). Nevertheless, the temporary

installations (pipe yard areas and camp sites) were also analysed because of the impacts that

they will cause during the construction phase.

Block Valve Stations

The Block Valve Station 1 (GBV01) is located in the same area as defined in the ESIA 2013.

The Block Valve Station 2 (GBV02) is located in the IP 109-9 of the pipeline, in the Southern

Evros section within the landscape unit defined as «Plain agricultural areas».

Figure 4-1 Area of GBV02 (VP-6; , IP 109-8)

Source: EXERGIA field survey (July 2014)







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The Block Valve Station 8 (GBV08) is located in the IP 416-4 of the pipeline, in the Kavala

Mountains section within the landscape unit defined as «Mountainous forested areas».

Figure 4-2 Area of GBV08 (VP-25; IP 416-4)


The Block Valve Station 9 (GBV09) is located in the IP 450-22 of the pipeline, in the Philippoi

plain section within the landscape unit defined as «Plain agricultural areas».




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The Block Valve Station 10 (GBV10) is located in the IP 502 of the pipeline, in the Serres plain

section within the landscape unit defined as «Plain agricultural areas».

Figure 4-4 Area of GBV10 (VP-32; IP 502)


The Block Valve Station 11 (GBV11) is located in the IP 550-1 of the pipeline, in the Serres plain





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The Block Valve Station 12 (GBV12) is located in the IP 581 of the pipeline, in the Serres plain




The Block Valve Station 13 (GBV13) is located in the IP 637-2 of the pipeline, in the Kroussia

Mountains section within the landscape unit defined as «Mixed forested and agricultural areas».

At this site olive trees have been recently planted.




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The Block Valve Station 14 (GBV14) is located in the IP 676 of the pipeline, in the Gallikos plain




The Block Valve Station 15 (GBV15) is located in the location of the BVS14 of ESIA 2013.



The Block Valve Station 18 (GBV18) is located in the IP 1058 of the pipeline, in Skydra plain



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Source: EXERGIA field survey (November 2014)



The Block Valve Station 21 (GBV21) is located in the IP 1175 of the pipeline, in the Eordaia plain

section within the landscape unit defined as «Upland agricultural areas».


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Source: EXERGIA field survey (November 2014)

The Block Valve Station 22 (GBV22) is located in the IP 1230 of the pipeline, in the Askio

Mountain section within the landscape unit defined as «Upland agricultural areas».




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The Block Valve Station 23 (GBV23) is located in the IP 1277 of the pipeline, in the Aliakmonas

valleys section within the landscape unit defined as «Upland agricultural areas».



The Block Valve Stations visual receptors sensitivity is shown in Table 4-1.


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Table 4-1 Block Valve Stations visual receptors sensitivity

Viewpoint Landscape

Character Type

Distance in km

to site (approx.) Direction of view Receptor type Sensitivity

VP-6 Plain agricultural

areas 0.01 View to GBV02 Track Low

VP-25 Mountainous forested



areas 0.4 View to GBV09 Road Low




areas 0 View to GBV11 Track Low



VP-49 Mixed forested and

agricultural areas 0.01 View to GBV13 Road Low





VP-72 Upland agricultural






Source: EXERGIA (2014)


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Pipe Yards

Pipe Yard 1 (GPY 01) is located approximately in the IP 41, within a Landscape Character Type

defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Southern Evros section.

Figure 4-13 Area of GPY 01 (VP-1; IP 41)


Pipe Yard 2 (GPY 02) is located approximately in the IP 109 within a Landscape Character Type

defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Southern Evros section.


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Figure 4-14 Area of GPY 02 (VP-2; IP 109)


The alternative locations of the Pipe Yard 2 (GPY02) are the GPY2_1, GPY2_2, GPY2_3,

GPY2_4 and GPY2_5.

GPY2_1 is located approximately in the IP 109 within a Landscape Character Type defined as

«Plain agricultural areas» in the Southern Evros section.

Figure 4-15 Area of GPY2_1 (VP-3; IP 109)



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GPY2_3 is located approximately in the IP 109, within a Landscape Character Type defined as





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GPY2_4 is located approximately in the IP 109-4within a Landscape Character Type defined as


Figure 4-18 Area of GPY2_4 (VP-7; IP 109-4)


GPY2_5 is located approximately in the IP 109-9, within a Landscape Character Type defined as





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Pipe Yard 3 (GPY 03) is located in the same area as defined in the ESIA 2013. The alternative

location is GPY3_1. It is located approximately in the IP 224 within a Landscape Character Type

defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Lowlands of Evros section.



Pipe Yard 4 (GPY 04) is located approximately in the IP 251-10 within a Landscape Character

Type defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Komotini-Xanthi plain section.

Figure 4-21 Area of GPY 04 (VP-13; IP 251-10)



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The alternative locations of the Pipe Yard 4 (GPY04) are the GPY4_1, GPY4_2, GPY4_3 and

GPY4_4.

GPY4_1 is located approximately in the IP 251-6 5 within a Landscape Character Type defined

as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Komotini-Xanthi plain section.



GPY4_2 is located approximately in the IP 251-14 within a Landscape Character Type defined as

«Plain agricultural areas» in the Komotini-Xanthi plain section.


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Figure 4-24 Area of GPY4_3 (VP-15, IP 291)





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locations are GPY5_1, GPY5_2, GPY5_3, GPY5_4 and GPY5_5.


«Mixed agricultural and urban or industrial features» in the Komotini-Xanthi plain section.




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locations are GPY6_1, GPY6_2 and GPY6_3.


«Plain agricultural areas» in the Kavala Mountains section.






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Type defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Philippoi plain section.


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The alternative locations are GPY7_1 and GPY7_2.


«Plain agricultural areas» in the Philippoi plain section.




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«Plain agricultural areas» in the Serres plain section.








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Pipe Yard 10 (GPY 10) is located in the same area as defined in the ESIA 2013.

The alternative location is GPY10_1. It is located approximately in the IP 622 within a Landscape

Character Type defined as «Mixed forested and agricultural areas» in the Kroussia mountains

section.




Type defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Gallikos plain section.


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«Mixed forested and agricultural areas» in the Kroussia mountains section.




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«Mountainous shrublands and grasslands» in the Vermio mountain section.




The alternative location is GPY12_1.


«Plain agricultural areas» in the Axios riverland section.


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The alternative location is GPY13_1.


«Mixed forested and agricultural areas» in the Skydra plain section.




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The alternative locations are GPY15_1, GPY15_2, GPY15_3 and GPY15_4.


«Upland agricultural areas» in the Eordaia plain section.




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«Upland agricultural areas» in the Kastoria region section.


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«Upland agricultural areas» in the Kastoria region section.






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«Upland agricultural areas» in the Aliakmonas valleys section.




«Upland agricultural areas» in the Aliakmonas valleys section.




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The sensitivity of the pipe yard’s visual receptors is shown in Error! Reference source not

found..

Table 4-2 Pipe yard visual receptors sensitivity

Viewpoint Landscape Character

Type

Distance in km to

site (approx.) Direction of view Receptor type Sensitivity

VP-1 Plain agricultural areas 0.06 View to GPY 01 Road Low

VP-2 Plain agricultural areas 0.001 View to GPY 02 Track Low

VP-3 Plain agricultural areas 0 View to GPY2_1 Track Low


VP-5 Plain agricultural areas 0.003 View to GPY2_3 Track Low


VP-8 Plain agricultural areas 0.01 View to GPY2_5 Road Low




VP-14 Plain agricultural areas 0 View to GPY4_2 Road Low



VP-17

Mixed agricultural and

urban or industrial

features

0.01 View to GPY5_1 Road Low







VP-24 Plain agricultural areas 0.02 View to GPY6_3 Village Low







VP-41 Plain agricultural areas 0.07` View to GPY9_1 Road Low



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Type

Distance in km to




agricultural areas 0.02 View to GPY10_1 Village Low



agricultural areas 0 View to GPY11_1 Track Low

VP-51 Mountainous shrublands

and grasslands 0.004 View to GPY11_2 Road Low



agricultural areas 0.02 View to GPY13_1 Village Medium


and grasslands 0.02 View to GPY14_1 Track Low


and grasslands 0.007 View to GPY14_2 Track Low

VP-61 Upland agricultural areas 0.006 View to GPY15_1 Track Low



VP-64 Upland agricultural areas 0 View to GPY15_4 Track Low

VP-69 Upland agricultural areas 0.01 View to GPY16_1 Road Low


VP-66 Upland agricultural areas 0.01 View to GPY17_1 Village Medium

VP-67 Upland agricultural areas 0 View to GPY17_2 Track Low


Camp Sites

Camp site 1 (GCAMP01) is located in the same area as defined in the ESIA 2013.

Camp site 2 (GCAMP02) is located approximately in the IP 251-8 of the pipeline, in a Landscape

Character Type defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Komotini-Xanthi plain section.


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Figure 4-59 Area of GCAMP02 (VP-12; IP 251-8)


The alternative location for the Camp site 2 is the Alternative Camp site GCAMP2_1. It is located

approximately in the IP 251-8 of the pipeline, in a Landscape Character Type defined as «Upland

agricultural areas» in the Komotini-Xanthi plain section.

Figure 4-60 Area of GCAMP2_1 (VP-11; IP 251-8)




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Camp site 4 (GCAMP04) is located approximately in the IP 536 of the pipeline, in a Landscape

Character Type defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Serres plain section.

Figure 4-61 Area of GCAMP04 (VP-40; IP 536)


The alternative location for the Camp site 4 is the Alternative Camp site GCAMP4_1. It is is

located approximately in the IP 538 of the pipeline, in a Landscape Character Type defined as

«Upland agricultural areas» in the Serres plain section.

Figure 4-62 Area of GCAMP4_1 (VP-37; IP 538)



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Camp site 5 (GCAMP05) is located approximately in the IP 668-4 of the pipeline, in a Landscape

Character Type defined as «Plain agricultural areas» in the Gallikos plain section.

Figure 4-63 Area of GCAMP05 (VP-53; IP 668-4)



Camp site 7 (GCAMP07) is located approximately in the IP 1157 of the pipeline, in a Landscape

Character Type defined as «Upland agricultural areas» in the Vermio mountain section.


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Figure 4-64 Area of GCAMP07 (VP-59; , IP 1157)



The sensitivity of visual receptors of the proposed camp site is given in Table 4-3.

Table 4-3 Camp sites visual receptors sensitivity


Type

Distance in km to


VP-12 Plain agricultural areas 0.002 View to GCAMP02 Road Low


areas 0.006 View to GCAMP2_1 Track Low

VP-40 Plain agricultural areas 0.008 View to GCAMP04 Track Low


areas 0.01 View to GCAMP4_1 Road Low

VP-53 Plain agricultural areas 0.003 View to GCAMP05 Road Low


areas 0.01 View to GCAMP07 Road Low



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Supplement I Basecase comparison

S/N NAME ESIA LOCATION (Basecace 19.04.13) NEW LOCATION (freeze of 15.06.14)

1 BVS01 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA Location

2 BVS02 CANCELLED DUE TO REROUTING New location




6 BVS06 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA Location / A BIT LARGER

AREA

7 BVS07 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA Location / 3 times larger

area



10 BVS10 CANCELLED New location (shifted by 10km)

11 BVS11 NOT PRESENTED IN ESIA New location

12 BVS12 CANCELLED New location

13 BVS13 CANCELLED New location

14 BVS14 RENAMED BVS15 New location

15 BVS15 RENAMED BVS16 New location (At the location of ESIA BVS

14)


15)

17 BVS17 RENAMED BVS18 New location (At the location of BVS 16)



18)


19 / A bit smaller)


22 BVS22 CANCELLED New location (At the location of ESIA BVS

21 / plus change of shape)

23 BVS23 NOT EXISTING New location


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S/N NAME ESIA LOCATION

(Basecace 19.04.13) NEW LOCATION (freeze of 15.06.14)

1 PY01 REMAINS VALID New location /No alternatives

2 PY02 REMAINS VALID New location + 5 alternatives

3 PY03 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA +1 alternative


5 PY05 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA, x2 in size +5 alternatives

6 PY06 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA, bigger in size +3 alternatives




10 PY10 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA, bigger in size +1 alternative


12 PY12 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA, bigger in size +1 alternative

13 PY13 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA +1 alternative

14 PY14 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA +2 alternatives



17 PY17 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA, slightly bigger in size +1

alternative

18 CAMP01 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA slighlty increased

19 CAMP02 REMAINS VALID New location +1 alternative

20 CAMP03 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA slighlty increased

21 CAMP04 REMAINS VALID New location +1 alternative

22 CAMP05 REMAINS VALID New location

23 CAMP06 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA

24 CAMP07 REMAINS VALID New location

25 CAMP08 REMAINS VALID Same as ESIA

Trans Adriatic Pipeline AG-Greece (Branch Office)

21st floor, Athens Tower, 2-4 Mesogion Ave.

11527 Athens, Greece

Phone: +30 210 745613

Fax: +30 210 745300

[email protected]

www.tap-ag.com

Date 12/2014

Copyright Reserved: This document may not be copied, shown to or placed at disposal of third parties without prior consent of TAP AG. The latest version of the document is registered in the TAP Project’s Database.

esia amendment greece annex 6.5 landscape baseline study amendment 1...the pipeline route; location...

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