essential of networking & network security

T111 CNW101 ASSIGNMENT ANSWERS of 12

ESSENTIAL OF NETWORKING & NETWORK SECURITY

(CNW101) ASSIGNMENT

TERM 1 2011

Instructions:

Answer ALL questions

Marks will be awarded for good presentation and thoroughness in your approach

NO marks will be awarded for the entire assignment if any part found to be copied

directly from printed materials or from another student.

Complete this cover sheet and attach it to your assignment.

Student declaration:

I declare that:

I understand what is meant by plagiarism

The implication of plagiarism has been explained to me by my institution

This assignment is all my own work and I have acknowledged any use of the

published and unpublished works of other people.

Student’s signature: ……………………………. Date: ………………………

Total number of pages including this cover page 12

Submission Date Due Date

Students’ ID 018800008608 Class Code CNW101

Student’s

Full Name

Hewage Thilina Harshan Amarawansha

Lecturer’s

Name

Mr. Tng Choon Hock

OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Marker’s comments

Marker’s name Marks Awarded /100


Name of Student : Hewage Thilina Harshan Amarawansha

Student ID : 018800008608

Module Code : CNW101

Criteria

Base Mark Graded Mark Comments

(a). Provide the reasons,

advantages and

disadvantages and

functions of the listed

communication devices:

i) Router

ii) Gateway

iii) Switch

iv) Bridge

v) Repeater

60 Marks

(b).Present the above

researched work in Power

point slides

40 Marks

Total

100 marks


Router

A router is a computer or a network device whose software and hardware are usually

available to the tasks of routing and forwarding, generally with a specific operating

system (eg Cisco, Juniper Networks JUNOS and ISO or Extreme Networks XOS RA

M), NVRAM, and one or more processors. High-end routers prevent many

processors andspecialized Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) and this

is a very good deal of parallel processing. As always, act with the

right software and product XORP PCs as routers.

Routers, two or more logical subnets, which do not come heedfully map one to

one on the physical interface of the router. The term layer 3 switch often used

interchangeably with the router, but change

is actually a marketing term without a rigorous technical definition.In marketing usage,

it is widely perfect for Ethernet LAN interfaces and not other physical interface types.

Routing

Routing is the process of taking paths in a network, where information or physical traff

iccontrol. Routing is performed for many types of networks, including

fixed line, internet and transport networks.

Routing directs forwarding, formed in the course of logically addressed packets toward

their final estination via intermediate nodes, typically hardware called routers, bridges,

gateways, firewalls or switches. Ordinary computers with multiple network can forwar

dpackets and perform routing when theyare not specialized hardware and can tolerate a

limited capacity. The construction of routing tables that are stored in the

routers memory, very important for efficient routing.


Advantage of Routing

Easy to predict and understand small computer networks.

Robust against certain pathological problems such

as network routing convergence or external route spoofing.

Disadvantage of Routing

Require extensive planning and has a high administrative burden.

Not dynamically adapt to changes in network topology or material defects.

Does not range well in large networks.


Switches

A network switch is a switching device that provides a data network. Data

communications in a computer network relates to the exchange of data between two or

more persons by communication links and sub networks connected. A network switch

is an intermediate station, the communication links and sub networks, the data

transmission between the terminals to provide to each other. Switching is the transfer

of information as digital packets or frames between the entities on the network.

His functions as an exchange and provides path-switching for data transmission over a

network. Typically supports a network switch, a network protocol (eg Ethernet), which

means that the switch manages data in a certain format. Switched Local Area

Networks with a network switch for supplying data frames between network stations

or other network nodes (such as routers or gateways). Each node is connected to the

network from one medium. A network switch for routing packets between network

buses includes a set of input switch ports for incoming packets received on the

network bus, a number of output switch ports for sending data packets on the network

out buses and a Switch Fabric for routing packets between the input and output ports.

Each input switch port includes a memory for storing incoming packets in a network to

the switch fabric can be passed to an output switch port.

The input can be any packet arrives on a bus network, a succession of cells of normal

size, which are efficient in uniform format buffer memory storage locations to the

entrance again can be stored them in the correct order to steer through the switch fabric

to a set of switches of the output ports. Each output switch port, a memory for storing

packets are transmitted by the switch fabric to send to the port can they go out on a bus

network. Each output switch port stores each cell in the direction of a gateway in its

own buffer memory. The output is later in the package in which they arise and then the

package to send to the outside on a different network bus.


Network Gateway

A network gateway is an Internet system that works to connect two networks using

different protocols are based. A gateway can be implemented entirely in software,

entirely in hardware or a combination together. Depending on the type of network

protocols they support, network gateways operate at every level of the OSI model.

Because a network gateway, a statement from the edge of a network, you tend to

features such as firewalls integrate with it. On the homepage of networking, broadband

router usually acts as a network gateway, although a normal computer can also be

configured to carry out certain functions.


Advantage of Network Gateway

A network gateway can translate information between different networks,

data formats or network architecture.

Most network gateways operate at the application layer.

Network gateway can also be operated on network or session layer.

Disadvantage of Network Gateway

Network gateways require greater processing limits due to protocol

conversion.

Gateways are slower than other network devices.

Installing and configuring network gateway is difficult, therefore, requires

special techniques.

Network gateway is more expensive than other devices.


Network Bridge

A network bridge, also known as Layer 2 switch is a device used to connect two

separate computer networks or to share a network to develop in two. These networks

are generally not carry the same protocol, Ethernet is an example of a protocol.

Network devices include, but are not limited to personal computers (PCs), routers,

printers, hubs and switches are limited. Devices that a network using an Ethernet

adapter card, which has a Media Access Control (MAC) address, is known, and known

physical or hardware address. It is established that clearly address a device to a bridge

which then can decide which network is connected to the device.

The main function of a network bridge to send data to the MAC address of the sending

and receiving devices are based. This process helps eliminate what is known as

collision domains. One way to define a collision domain is a network that refers to a

device, also called nodes, allowing any device to visit, as the transmission of data

packets. Another definition states that a collision domain exists when trying to two or

more devices for information on the exact same time. Networking with Carrier Sense

Multiple Access / Collision Detection (CSMA / CD) should be stored in the theory of

collisions, but may fail CSMA / CD.


Advantage of Network Bridge

Prevents Bandwidth Waste.

A network bridge managed inbound traffic and reduces bandwidth waste by avoiding

any unnecessary data flow between network segments. It effectively can provide the

best performance on both sides of the network segment. A bridge can be seen by

traffic police investigating the control of data protection and prohibit all unnecessary

traffic. Design Bytes waste unnecessary delays and slows network performance. A

bridge acts as a bandwidth monitor, so channeling relevant information and discarding

debris increasing throughput bandwidth. It may reflect as traffic shaping / management

of firewall.

Increases Network Length.

A network bridge increases the usable length of a network by connecting each LAN

segment. Networks can be segmented and met without the need to design IP subnets or

put through a router. A network bridge extends the size of the network without wires,

such as hardware, software, and restrictions such as firewalls.

Links Dissimilar Network Transmission Segments.

A bridge is possible, both same and different LAN segments. It could be for example

an Ethernet segment with a token-ring segment, so that both act as a double bed and

one with the IP address. A bridge connects LAN segments with different protocols,

one LAN segment to the Internet and a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) to a

LAN segment. A network bridge is also used for two CSMA / CD LANs, and Token

Ring LAN connects with CSMA / CD LAN. It is necessary for several segments that

use different protocols to connect for data transfer have.


Disadvantage of Network Bridge

All network bridges can not be read by the IP address because they are more

concerned with the MAC addresses.

Network bridges can not help myself to a communication between networks of

different architectures to build.

Network bridges transfer of all kinds broadcast messages, so bridges are unable

to reach the limit of these messages.

Network bridges are expensive if we compare the prices of repeaters and hubs to

it.

Network bridging is most suitable to be used for LAN network traffic data load.

Network Bridge is not capable of complex and variable data loading is treated as

done by WAN.


Network Repeater

Repeater is a powerful network device that signals when they drive regeneration over a

longer distance, so the signal strength remains the same. Network repeaters are used to

establish Ethernet network. A network repeater is like the first layer of the OSI layer,

the physical layer. Repeater cable network for the needs of the 100-meter long cable

cover uses. Repeaters are used to receive signals from optical fiber, coaxial cable and

copper cable. The repeaters are designed to perform more important applications, such

as microwaves from a satellite to regenerate, and so designated repeater transponders.

Therefore, network repeaters are able to perform electrical and light signals.

essential of networking & network security

Documents

routing routing

efficient routing

tasks of routing

entire assignment

marks total

advantage of routing

construction of routing

marks b