essential question: how did new deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the american...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Essential Question:
• How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?
![Page 3: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Herbert HooverHerbert Hoover• Elected 1928• Noted Humanitarian• WWI Food Relief to
war torn Europe• Depression
Policy>From Top Down
• Reconstruction Finance Company– (loans to banks,
insurance companies, and railroads)
• Bonus Army fiasco
![Page 4: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
FDR’s Background
• From Prosperity
• 5th Cousin to T.R.– Eleanor was Teddy’s Niece
• Polio Victim
![Page 5: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
FDR inspired American
public • bulldog determination to
succeed • the Brain Trust• instill hope and courage
in the people - "We have nothing to fear but fear itself"
• pragmatist rather than ideologue
![Page 6: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Fireside Chats
![Page 7: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Hundred Days• 4 day bank holiday--
Emergency Banking Relief Act
• June, FDIC, guaranteed deposits up to $5,000
• Federal Securities Act--SEC regulate the stock market
• abandoned gold standard• 21st Amendment, ending
prohibition• Farm Credit Administration
& Home Owner's Loan Act-- low-interest rates on refinancing mortgages
![Page 8: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• CCC created jobs for young men aged 18-25
• Federal Emergency Relief Administration--Harry Hopkins--$500 million – state construction
projects– adult literacy programs– college aid for poor
students– day-care centers for low-
income families
• TVA--bring electricity to poorest region of nation
![Page 9: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• AAA (May 1933)• National Industrial
Recovery Act (June 1933) – immunity from antitrust– regulate labor conditions--
right to organize National Recovery Administration (NRA)
– set production limits, wages, and working conditions
– forbade price cutting & unfair competitive practices
– publicity program buy only from “Blue Eagle”
![Page 10: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• PWA--$3.3 billion public-works program, Harold Ickles– 35,000 projects
• Reconstruction Finance Company (Hoover) continued loans to banks, insurance companies, and railroads
![Page 11: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Legislation after the Hundred
Days
• Civil Works Administration --$1 billion on short-term projects
![Page 12: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Problems for the New Deal
• Southern Tenant Farmers
• braintrust split between concentrating on all agricultural versus helping rural poor
• New Deal didn’t end depression, but most people support FDR's programs
![Page 13: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
FDR challenged by conservatives & radicals
• Father Charles Coughlin—Catholic radio program– new system based on
"social justice"– nation's problems
were caused by bankers
– anti-Semitism– censured by Catholic
church
![Page 14: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Huey Long ("Kingfish")
• Governor then Senator of Louisiana– Share Our Wealth program– liquidate all personal fortunes
above certain amount – give every family enough
money to buy home, automobile & radio
– elderly would receive pensions – assassinated in 1935
![Page 15: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Biggest challenge to New Deal comes from Supreme Court
• 1935--AAA & NIRA ruled unconstitutional
![Page 16: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
FDR wins reelection in 1936 > Second New Deal
• focuses on needs of urban and rural poor and workers
• expand federal relief efforts to American workers
• deficit spending -- John Maynard Keynes economic policy– deficit spending will pump
money into economy & combat depression
![Page 17: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• WPA - Harry Hopkins - 11 billion to put people to work – 8 million people in 34,000
construction projects– murals, photographs, Slave
narratives • National Labor Relations
Act (Wagner Act)– requires employers to
bargain with unions– National Labor Relations
Board • Resettlement
Administration--farmers, tenants, sharecroppers– Rural Electrification
Administration– replaced by the Farm
Security Administration
![Page 18: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Social Security Act – old-age pensions– survivors' benefits for
families of deceased workers
– unemployment insurance
• Revenue Act--Raised tax rates on incomes over $50,000 – established federal tax on
corporations
• Fair Labor Standards Act– Set minimum wage and
maximum work-week – prohibited child labor under
age of 16
![Page 19: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Court-packing
• 1937, FDR tried to stop Supreme Court striking down New Deal
• Proposes court-reform bill• Allowed president to
appoint a new justices to sit with any justice over 70 who would not retire
• Killed by Congress, but• Court stops striking down
New Deal• Hurt FDR’s public image
![Page 20: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Recession of 1937, caused by…
• reduced consumer spending due to social security deductions
• cutbacks in New Deal work and relief programs to balance budget
Recession of 1937, caused by…
• reduced consumer spending due to social security deductions
• cutbacks in New Deal work and relief programs to balance budget
FDR and Congress
• revived and expand the PWA, WPA, etc.
• and other work programs • revival of economy
begins and unemployment declines
FDR and Congress
• revived and expand the PWA, WPA, etc.
• and other work programs • revival of economy
begins and unemployment declines
![Page 21: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Eleanor Roosevelt• Changed role of 1st
Lady
![Page 22: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Relief Recovery Reform
3 R’s
![Page 23: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Essential Question: How did New Deal programs provide relief, recovery, and reform for the American economy and people?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e8a5503460f94b8f073/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Letters to Mrs. Roosevelt
• Who wrote to the First Lady?
• What did they write about?
• What can you learn from the letters about the Great Depression & New Deal?