establishing metadata practices
DESCRIPTION
Presentation at the New England Archivists Spring Meeting in Newport, Rhode Island - March 29, 2008.TRANSCRIPT
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Establishing Metadata Practices
Chris Burns
Winona Salesky
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Background
IMLS Center for Digital Initiatives Digital Initiatives Librarian
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Infrastructure
People Space Digital Asset Management System Interface
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Digital Asset Management Systems
The Contenders ContentDM eXist Fedora Greenstone XTF
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Evaluation Matrix
Software ContentDM Greenstone Fedora eXist XTF
Data Types
EAD Finding Aids No No Yes Yes Yes
TEI (full text) No TEI, poor full text handling
No TEI, full text stored as plain text
Yes Yes Yes
Descriptive Metadata Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Preservation Metadata No No Yes Yes Yes
Structural Metadata- METS Outputs Mets Outputs Mets Yes Yes Yes
Other formats (Sound, video, PDF, etc)
Limited Unclear Yes Yes Limited
Costs
Purchase Price Annual fee Open source & Free Open source & Free Open source & Free
Open source & Free
Staff Time Some time for customization, but is essentially an out-of-the-box system that runs as is
Some time for customization, but is essentially an out-of-the-box system that runs as is
Lots of customization needed. High learning curve.
Lots ofCustomizationdepending onsystem needs.
Unclear.
Software “Add-Ons” Some versions come with JPEG200, and
OCR
None Possible integration with a “METS navigator” and Xforms
Integration with
METS navigator
and Xforms
Integration with Fedora
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Evaluation Matrix Cont.Software ContentDM Greenstone Fedora eXist XTF
Searching
Simple Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Advanced Yes (fielded searching and full text)
Yes (customizable field searching and full text)
Yes (May be customizable)
Yes - customizable Yes – customizable
Implementation Comes ready to go, can be customized
Comes ready to go, can be customized
Unclear Must be written Comes ready to go, can be customized
Dynamic Browsing Yes, can browse on indexed terms
? Unclear Yes Unclear
User Interface
Customizable Somewhat Somewhat Yes Fully customizable Fully customizable
Browse Options Somewhat Customizable
Titles, subjects. Others Unclear Fully customizable Unclear
Preservation
Speed of deployment 2-3 months 2-3 months 12-14 months 6-8 months Unclear
Proprietary Yes No No No No
Ability to Extract Data for future Migrations
A variety of export methods for descriptive metadata only.
Yes. METS record with Greenstone metadata format for technical, relative links to images
Yes, METS record
Yes, METS record Yes, METS record
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eXist XML Native Database
Open Source XML native database
Stores data as xml – retains data integrity Development time is reasonable Easy to integrate web services Easy to export data to future digital asset
management systems if necessary
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Faceted Browsing - Solr
Increased avenues for discovery Allows users to easily “build” complex searches Prevent empty results sets Integrates keyword searching with browse-ability Always a visible “path” so users never feel lost Allows users to expand and narrow results set Easier to explore the true extent of the collection Recognition over recall Easy to add new facets, categories, or items
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Some limitations of facets
Use of facets will make inconstancies in metadata obvious to users
Some facets become unmanageable with large result sets
Facets work better on some fields than others
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Metadata Selection
METS (Metadata Encoding & Transmission Standard) Structural Metadata
Dublin Core / MODS Descriptive metadata
TEI EAD Preservation Metadata
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Levels of Description
Collection level Items Items with Transcriptions or OCR Items with pre-existing descriptive metadata Folder Level Description Finding Aids with Links to Digital Objects
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Metadata Workflow
Captured at the time of scanning OCR/Transcription Descriptions Subject Headings Authority Control
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Structural Metadata Creation
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Descriptive Metadata Creation
Xforms Platform and device independent Separates data and logic from
presentation XML in, XML out XML Schema validation Reduces or eliminates the need for
scripting Does not require expensive round-
tripping when the data is modified
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Lessons
Staffing is critical Images are faster than text to describe Minimal descriptive metadata Software choice
Staffing needs Flexible, easy to migrate out of, interoperable with other
products Record of eXist has been mixed
Xforms editor Has made xml data entry easier Firefox extension
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More Info
Codehttp://code.google.com/p/xforms4lib/
Exampleshttp://cdi.uvm.edu/exist/xforms/modshttp://cdi.uvm.edu/exist/xforms/modsSimple
Bloghttp://thedil.wordpress.com/