“estimating the probability of fire in amazonia ”
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“Estimating the probability of fire in Amazonia ”. Manoel Cardoso, Carlos Nobre, Gilvan Sampaio. Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos INPE-CPTEC Brazil. University of New Hampshire Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space. Amazonia is changing. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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“Estimating the probability of fire in Amazonia”
Manoel Cardoso, Carlos Nobre, Gilvan Sampaio
University of New Hampshire
Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space
Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos INPE-CPTEC
Brazil
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Source: Carvalho et al. 2001
Amazonia is changing
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Future/past fires = ?
Processes related to fires (spatial and temporal scales)
Presence of fuel, flammability and ignition sources
in a simple view
Estimates of fires ? fire activity, area burned, biomass affected, …
Probability of fire (chance of fires to occur)
start by
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N = Regions that are under conditions Cnf = Regions under conditions C, and that had fires
C
C
C Nnf
Pf
Estimating probability of fire (Pf)
Presence of fuel
Flammability
Ignition sources
Regions under conditions C
One way to estimate Pf:
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Datasets used to estimate Pf
→ Factors identified in previous studies
Presence of fuel
Flammability
Ignition sources
Forest cover
Precipitation
Distance from roads
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Data on fires AVHRR Fire pixels / Brazil 2000-02
INPE/CPTEC 0.01º, ~dy
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Data on fuel MODIS forest cover / 2001
NASA 0.25º, ~yr
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Data on flammabilityObserved precipitation / Jan-Apr
INPE/CPTEC 0.25º, dy
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Data on flammabilityObserved precipitation / May-Sep
INPE/CPTEC 0.25º, dy
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Data on flammabilityObserved precipitation / Oct-Dec
INPE/CPTEC 0.25º, dy
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Data on ignition sources Distance from main roads
IBGE0.05º, ~5yr
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Probability of fire, distance from roads and precipitation North Amazon / Jan-Apr
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 2.75 3
Dist. from roads (km)
Pro
b.
0-100100-200200-300300-400400-500500-600600-700700-800800-900900-1000
Results for North Amazon
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Probability of fire, distance from roads and precipitation South Amazon / May-Sep
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 2.75 3
Dist. from roads (km)
Pro
b.
0-100100-200200-300300-400400-500500-600600-700700-800800-900900-1000
Results for South Amazon
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Probability of fire, distance from roads and precipitation Northeast Amazon / Oct-Dec
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5 2.75 3
Dist. from roads (km)
Pro
b.
0-100100-200200-300300-400400-500500-600600-700700-800800-900900-1000
Results for Northeast Amazon
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General conclusions
Framework to produce interesting fire estimates: In units of probability/chance of fires to occur
Results are suitable for warning systems: operating at 0.25o and fire-season time scale
Results can be combined with fire behaviour data and be used to estimate fire consequences
Vegetation models Emissions models
In all regions, the probability of fire decreased with the distance from main roads and the amount of rainfall
The probability/chance of fire to occur was quantifyed based on distance from main roads, and rainfall during the dry season for three different regions in Amazonia