ETC in JapanETC in JapanWide Variety of Tolling ApplicationWide Variety of Tolling Application

KUNIAKI NAKAMURAKUNIAKI NAKAMURAChief EngineerChief Engineer

Maintenance and Traffic DepartmentMaintenance and Traffic DepartmentNihon Doro KodanNihon Doro Kodan

(Japan Highway Public Corporation)(Japan Highway Public Corporation)

November 20, 2003

・ 8,800km toll expressways

・ 8 million trips / day

・ Large network

・ Complex toll with many

toll road agencies

・ Congestion

Expressways in Japan

Public Bodies Responsible for Public Bodies Responsible for Construction and ManagementConstruction and Management

Kinds of Toll RoadsKinds of Toll Roads

Japan Highway Public Japan Highway Public CorporationCorporation （（ JHJH））

National Expressways (7,233km)National Expressways (7,233km)

Ordinary Toll Roads (891km)Ordinary Toll Roads (891km)

Metropolitan Expressway Public Metropolitan Expressway Public CorporationCorporation

Urban Expressways (281km)Urban Expressways (281km)(Metropolitan Area)(Metropolitan Area)

Hanshin Expressway Public Hanshin Expressway Public CorporationCorporation

Urban Expressway (221km)Urban Expressway (221km)(Hanshin Area)(Hanshin Area)

Honshu-Shikoku Bridge AuthorityHonshu-Shikoku Bridge Authority Honshu-Shikoku Expressway(171km)Honshu-Shikoku Expressway(171km)

Ordinary Local Road Public CorporationOrdinary Local Road Public Corporation Ordinary Toll RoadsOrdinary Toll Roads

Local Public BodiesLocal Public Bodies Ordinary Toll RoadsOrdinary Toll Roads

Toll Bridge & Toll Ferry FacilitiesToll Bridge & Toll Ferry Facilities

Categories of Toll Roads and Organizations

Features of Japan’s ETCFeatures of Japan’s ETC DSRC: 5.8 GHz activeDSRC: 5.8 GHz active(Dedicated Short Range Communication)(Dedicated Short Range Communication) OBE: Two peace type (Use of IC Card)OBE: Two peace type (Use of IC Card) IC Card : Issued by Credit Card CompanyIC Card : Issued by Credit Card Company Security : Using Security KeySecurity : Using Security Key(Secure Application Module)(Secure Application Module)

▲ ＥＴＣ

通 過 O

K

OBE

DSRC SystemDSRC System

ExpandabilityExpandability High ReliabilityHigh Reliability Wide Communication AreaWide Communication Area Efficient Use of Limited Efficient Use of Limited

Frequency Resources Frequency Resources

ETC Gate Antenna

0

40,000

80,000

120,000

160,000

200,000m（ onthly OBE setup)

0200,000400,000600,000800,0001,000,0001,200,0001,400,0001,600,0001,800,0002,000,000total（ ）

Monthly setup OBEtotal OBE

OBE Set-Up

0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,000

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

HEPCMEXJ HRate of ETC Use

(ETC Rate)(ETC Traffic Volume Day／ )

ETC Traffic Volume HEPC: Hanshin Expressway Public Corporation

MEX: Metropolitan Expressway Public Corporation

JH: Japan Highway Public Corporation

Purpose of Road PricingPurpose of Road Pricing

To ease traffic congestion in expressways To ease traffic congestion in expressways and highways.and highways.

To improve environmental condition.To improve environmental condition. To promote use of expressways.To promote use of expressways.

Road Pricing in JapanRoad Pricing in Japan

Environmental Road PricingEnvironmental Road Pricing Special Pricing for Long-Distance UseSpecial Pricing for Long-Distance Use Special Pricing for Specific SectionSpecial Pricing for Specific Section Peak Period PricingPeak Period Pricing Continuous –Use DiscountContinuous –Use Discount

Environmental Road Pricing in Metropolitan Expressway

Discount: 1,200yen→900yen

Environmental Road Pricing in Hanshin ExpresswayDiscount:1,000yen→800yen

Driving Distance Range Driving Distance Range (km)(km)

Discount Rate (%)Discount Rate (%) New Discount Rate (%)New Discount Rate (%)

900 900 ～～ 3030 6060

600 600 ～ ～ 900900 3030 5050

400 400 ～ ～ 600600 3030 4040

300 300 ～ ～ 400400 3030 3535

200 200 ～ ～ 300300 3030 3030

100 100 ～ ～ 200200 2525 2525

Toll Charge Discount Rate for Long-Discount User

Special Pricing for Specific Section of Toll Road

Low Traffic Volume Section

Peak Period Pricing

Continuous-Use Discount

Thank You Very Much.Thank You Very Much.

Kuniaki NakamuraKuniaki NakamuraJapan Highway Public CorporationJapan Highway Public Corporation

kuniaki.nakamura@jhnet.go.jpkuniaki.nakamura@jhnet.go.jp