ethics in scientific research - iit kanpur skills/research... · ethics and misconduct in...

Part-VI

1

Ethics in Scientific Research

TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

2

Outline

Introduction and definitions

Ethics in everyday life (Personal ethics)

Code of conduct for professionals

Ethics and misconduct in scientific research

Concluding remarks


3

No culture religion will teach or preach one to

1) be dishonest

2) cheat

3) steal

4) be unjustunfair

5) cause harm etc


4

All about ldquogoodrdquo and ldquobadrdquo

Each of us ldquosome mixturerdquo of good amp bad

Who should pronounce final judgment on

right amp wrong


5

Moral beliefs and rules about right and wrong

(conscious rational scientific code of ethicshelliphellip

the basic ethics which any religion sets forward)

Study of questions about what is morally right

and wronghellip

Ethics


6

Moral

Values

Code of conduct

Ethics

All are inter-related but have specific meanings

Related terms


7

Science is a way of thinking

What is Science

(Scientists seek answers to their own questions)


8

Composing questions

Seeking answers

Process of inquiry(Scientific method scientific research)

ldquoAcquiring knowledgerdquo


9

Such a synergy between ldquoasking questions and seeking answersrdquo

Useful productscell phones Internet TV WMD chocolates

Not essence of science

˙ Way of thinking logic used in framing questions amp seeking answers


10

Science is based on two pillars

Trustamp Dissent

Brownoski (Science amp Human Values 1956)

amp

On the processes applied to that information

[Analysis Interpretation Inferences Conclusions]

Heavy demands on the adequacy of information

[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)

How does one acquire knowledge

(1) Tenacity

Accept an idea which has already gained wide

acceptance (habit or superstition )


12

Examples

bull You cannot teach an old dog new tricksbull Opposites attract

Everyone ldquoknowsrdquo that

Breaking a mirror will result in 7 years bad luck One should never walk under a ladder Donrsquot let a black cat cross your path Many sports figures will only play a game when wearing their ldquoluckyrdquo socks or jersey Many students will not take exam without their lucky penpencilhat


13

(2) Intuition

Operates directly without any intellectual effort

Hotline with God

(self-styled psychics)


14

(information is accepted as true because it feels right ldquoinstinctsrdquo ldquohunchesrdquo ldquogut feelingrdquo

One is always ldquoill-at-easerdquo in doing something because it does not ldquofeelrdquo right

One cannot explain exactly how we know that a friend is having a bad day

Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it

(Religious writings Pope Aristotle Sigmund Freud )

Some respectful source says so


16

bull For many situations ndash excellent starting point quickest and easiest ndash school education uses this tool (teachers books internet )

It has disadvantages

bull Authority can be biased (conflicting testimony by ldquoexpertrdquo witnesses in court trials )bull Personal opinion divergent ratings for a movie bull Salman Khan ndash Chavanprash bull Linus Pauling (Nobel laureate in Chemistry) also advocated that vitamin ldquoCrdquo could cure the common cold (Subsequent scientific studies showed it to be bogus )bull Complete trust and faith


17

Uncritical acceptance of an idea because

What do these 3 styles have in common

(a) It has always been so

(b) We feel it is so

(c) Someone says it is so

(All of us use some of these approaches in every day

life ndash these ideas smoothen our personal lives)


18

(4) Rationalism

Logic

(Purely a thought process)

Premises Conclusions

CorrectTrue

Sound


19

Common applications of this approach is to think through a problem without trying out different solutions

EXAMPLE

You are about to leave for an important meeting ndash your car refuses to start

Options

1 Call AA you may be latemiss the meeting2 Use public transport but you donrsquot know

the schedule ndash not sure if you will make it in time

3 Borrow neighbors car


20

Instead of actually doing something you are only considering options to find a logical solution

OTHER SIMILAR SITUATIONS

You need to travel only a short distance in heavy rain

Run or walk

1 Rain falling down on your headshoulders (running will help)

2 Rain in the air in front of you that you walk into as you move forward (independent of the length of time you are exposed)


21

Example

So far so good

No No

However this approach also has limitations

All apples are fruitsSome fruits are oranges˙ Some apples are oranges

All apples are fruitsThis is an apple˙ This is a fruit


22

All 4 year-old children develop fears of the dark

David is a 4 year old child

˙ David has developed fears of the dark

OK unless of course David is NOT scared of

darkness

Why


23

Hypothesis itself is incorrect

David is 8 year old NOT 4 year old

David is the name of a dog or a boat

˙ Major amp minor premises must be true as determined

by other evidence

The hypothesis predictions must still be validated

through ldquoexperimentsrdquo or ldquoobservationsrdquo

Rationalism does not help in this regard


24

(5) Empiricism

Acquiring knowledge through observations of real

events ie experiencing through our senses

(seehear smell taste touch)


25

ldquo I wonrsquot believe it unless I see itrdquo

Both these two approaches are at odds with the first

three

(Thales Hippocrates Galen Copernicus Galileo Darwin )


26

Children tend to be shorter than adults

It is typically warmer in the summer than in the winter

One can check the oil level in your car by simply looking at the dip stick

Very common to misperceive (misinterpret) our immediate world

Two lines of equal length but different color


27

Summary

Method Way of knowing

Tenacity Habit or superstition

Intuition Hunch or feeling

Authority Expert

Rationalism Reason and logic

Empiricism Direct ldquosensoryrdquo observation

Direct experience ndash simple way to acquire knowledge But our perception can be allured by prior knowledge expectations feelings or beliefs


28

ldquo scientist must be a disinterested observer of nature

whose mind was cleaned of prejudices and

preconceptions rdquo

Sir Francis Bacon (contemporary of Galileo)


29

Disinterested impartial and objective when recording observations

Woodward amp Goodstein (American Scientist 84 Sept-Oct 1996)

When translated into ldquonuts and boltsrdquo stuff

Never be motivated for personal gains (recognition awards advancement)

Each ldquoexperimentrdquo is designed to prove or disprove a hypothesis

If an ldquoobservationrdquo gives a result contrary to the prediction of a theory modify it or reject it


30

ldquolean over backwards to point out evidence that is contrary to your

own hypothesis or that might weaken the acceptance of their experimental

resultsrdquo

Richard Feynman notes

Provide sufficient details for anyone to replicate their experiments


31

4 Distinct Stages

bull Observations Critical questioning of a phenomenon

bull Hypothesis Expression of a preconceived factual relationship

bull Experimentation Systematic amp controlled testing of hypothesis

bull Induction Generalization


32

ldquoThis sounds like a mythhellip no fail-proof step-by-step scientific method that scientists use hellip depends on temperament

circumstances amp training The scientific approach involves doing onersquos utmost with

onersquos mind to understand the working of natureJust because we can spell out the results of

science so concisely or neatly in text books does not mean that scientific progress is smooth

certain and predictablerdquo

(Brown amp Le May Chemistry The Central Science 2nd ed Prentice Hall

1981 )


33

ldquounethicalrdquo behaviour or

ldquoacademic misconductrdquo

So what constitutes

-- deviations from the commonly accepted practices in the scientific community


Types of misconduct in Research(The National Academy of Science USA

34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism

bull Language and ideas

(2) Data adjustment and falsification

bull Suppressing ldquooutliersrdquobullTaming the ldquoroguesrdquobull ldquounfavorablerdquo data points

(3) Fabrication of data

(4) Coercive Citations and not giving due credit to othersrsquo work

bull Literature survey selective biased prebull Not citing the relevantbull ldquounfavorablerdquo data pointsbull Citing peripheral references to boost the impact factor of a journal


35

Let us pause amp ask

Ethics in research

Why ethics should at all be an issue in science


36

ldquoScience is a human endeavor If it were strictly a

logical pursuit of knowledge detached from the

rest of society then its rational character and lack

of social spin-off would obviate a concern for

ethics (machines)rdquo

A simple answer to this is


37

Our actions are manifestation of the way we are constructed as human beings

Brief Excursion

Mind

Memory and logic functions to process sensory data make a decision prediction


38

Conscious non rational psychic response to data from our sensory system (clouded by internally driven neurochemistry sickness

hormonal swings drugs etc)

Emotions

Emotions ndash link psyche with body(Heart beats faster when you are angry)


39

Chooses from the alternatives presented by the mind in a way colored by the emotions

Will

Emotions

MindWill Decision action


40

What to do with offenders

Watchdogs of science(Police)

ldquoPunishmentrdquo(Everyone is innocent till

proven guilty)


41

Most universities have a ldquoresearchrdquo office which oversees this aspect

Government bodies Office of Research Integrity(ORI) established in 1989

Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) ASCE AIChE ACS ASME

Voluntary OrganizationsSociety for scientific values(wwwscientificvaluesorg)

ldquohellip SSV is an independent body of scientists with the goal of upholding ethics hellip scientific community In the absence of a statutory body helliprdquo

But a ldquocrimerdquo must be reported before it is investigated


42

How common is misconduct

reported cases ldquo tip of the icebergrdquo Estimates vary

3 to 32 (Steneck 2000)Survey of 3247 scientists (Martinsen et al 2005) found 31000 confessed ldquocookingrdquo research data

Between 1990 amp 2002 NSF

ldquoinvestigated 800 allegations of misconduct in 600 cases and 60 cases (10) were deemed to be misconductrdquo

Rhoades et al (2004)


43

What do we do


44

Recall the dictumldquopunishment normally fits the crimerdquo

ldquoSelf realizationrdquo ldquoResignationrdquo is not uncommon (suicide) ldquoDebarmentrdquo is more common ldquoWithdrawalrdquo ldquoRetractionrdquo of publications ldquoCorrectionsrdquo

Level of ldquoPunishmentrdquo

What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues

Rules of the game are straightforward

Significant contributions merit co-authorship

Minor contributions deserve acknowledgements

Order of Authors

(But all must be able to defend the work in the paper or report)

Decreasing contributions

Sage Advice

When in doubt share itTEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

46

Biological research

Cloning experiments involving humans and other creatures like mice rabbitsetc

ldquoWe turned the switch saw the flashes watched for ten minutes then switched everything off and went home That night we knew the world was headed

for sorrowrdquo(Leo Szilard after bombing of Japan)


47

TYPES OF MISCONDUCT IN RESEARCH(National Academy of Sciences USA)

Fabrication Falsification

Manipulation of Data

Plagiarism

Coercive citations

Not acknowledging the contribution of

the othersTEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

48

He wrote about experiments that were so difficult to reproduce that

many doubt if he actually conducted them

Galileo (1564-1642)

Founder of the modern scientific method

(Fabricationor Manipulationof data)

Some Examples


49

ldquodoctored his calculations to bolster his theory hellip planets move in

elliptic orbits not in circles around the sun rdquo

Johannes Kepler(1571-1630)

Father of modern astronomy


50

ldquoallegedly adjusted his calculations on the velocity of sound and on the precessions of the equinoxes so they

would support his theory rdquo

Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

Undoubtedly one of the greatest scientists of all time

( Massaging of data)


51

John Dalton (1766-1844)

Reported numerous findings from experiments (1804-1805) no chemist since has been able to

reproduce

( Fudging)


52

Robert Millikan (1868-1953) Nobel prize in Physics in 1923

ldquohellipdid not report unfavorable results of research carried out between

1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)

ldquohellipmeasured charge on an electron using oil drop experimentsrdquo


53

Reported data 58 drops

Total data recorded in his notebooks = 175 drops

(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)

What about 175 ndash 58 = 117 data point

ldquo It is to be remarked too that this is not a selected group of

drops but represents all of the drops experimented upon during

60 consecutive days(italics in the original)during which time

the apparatus was taken down several times and set up a new rdquo

Millikan (1913 paper)


54

Sir Cyril Burt (1883-1971)

ldquohelliprelationship between heredity and intelligencerdquo

ldquomade up datafrom mid 1940s until 1966 to back up his (bogus) theoryrdquo

Pioneering psychologist

ldquothe human intelligence he claimed was 75 inheritedhelliprdquo


55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM

From the Latin word ldquoplagiarerdquo


56

This also includes music art graphics pictures diagrams TV broadcasts websites or any other communication media

˙ In every day language plagiarism is simply theft of words ideas and thoughts of others and passing them

off as yours without giving credit or due acknowledgements

(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

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59

Schematic representation of uniaxial (a) biaxial (b) and planar (c) extension

Uniaxial extensional flow

No permissionreference

needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy

Established in 1709 (Statute of Anne) with the

purpose of

ldquo for the encouragement of learning and for

preventing unethical activities that may damage the

creative interest of the author or due benefits of a

printer publisher of a workrdquo

1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DCMA)


61

What does it mean

1 Material in public domain

prior to 1923 Information prior to 1977 without a copy After 1977 everything is copyrighted irrespective of copy

2 To quote verbatim

Concept of fair use (criticism commentary) Use ldquo rdquo and give source

(plagiarism)


62

200 out of 300 words 2000 word out of 500000 words may be possible The Nationmagazine lifted 300 words from 200000 words long memoirs of Gerry Ford The supreme court ruled this was not fair use Why The material quoted was the heart of the book

3 How much can be quoted verbatim

timestimes

timestimes

4 Infringement occurs even if the author is credited(requires permission from the copyright owner)

5 Not being able to trace the copyright owner is no excuse


63

CONSEQUENCES

is crime against academy

deceives readers hurts original authors

is the worst behaviour a sin an act of treason

Obviously there are different types and shades of plagiarism

Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM

1) Complete piece of work copied entirely

2) Cut amp Paste Information off Internet and electronic journals

3) Word Switch Even if you change a few words it is still

plagiarism

4) Self Plagiarism Multiple publications


65

Why do people plagiarize

Greed

Laziness

Lack of time planning

Fear of failure

Lack of confidence knowledge

Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

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68

300 papers published during 25 years on geology of

Himalayas

presented data which can not be confirmed by subsequent

researchers

reported same specimens from more than one location

providing vague and misleading data

After a long and drawn process Prof V J Gupta had to resign

from his professorial position

[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]


Peripatetic fossils amp Prof V J Gupta


69

More serious forms of plagiarism

Professor BS Rajput Physicist(Vice-Chancellor of Kumaon University)

JoshiRajput Europhysics letters vol 57 5 was entirely copied from

Kallosh Phys Rev D vol54 8


70

Soon three more papers come under the scanner (one of these was retracted by Prog Theor Phys)

Rajputthreatenedlegal action

A group of Nobel laureates sent a letter to President Kalam


71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

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73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74

Additional possibilities for academic settings

Arbitrary grading policies

Gender bias

Abuse of graduate students

Backstabbing policies in inter-disciplinary research

outfits

and so onhellip


75

ldquoMany people say that it is the intellect

which makes a great scientist They are

wrong it is character rdquo-Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS

As I embark on my career as a Chemical Engineer I willingly pledge that I will

i) represent my scientific profession honorably

ii) conduct my research and my professional life in a manner that is always above reproach

iii) seek to incorporate the body of ethics and moral principles that constitute scientific integrity into all that I do


78

With this affirmation I pledge to acknowledge and honor the contributions of scientists who have

preceded me to seek truth and the advancement of knowledge in all my work and to become a worthy role model deserving of respect by those who follow

me (Craig Cather Culberson An ethical affirmation for scientists Science

299(2003) 1982)

iv) strive always to ensure that the results of my research and other scientific activities ultimately benefit humanity and that they cause no harm


79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS

bull Be as truthful as you can


2

Outline

Introduction and definitions

Ethics in everyday life (Personal ethics)

Code of conduct for professionals

Ethics and misconduct in scientific research

Concluding remarks


3


1) be dishonest

2) cheat

3) steal

4) be unjustunfair

5) cause harm etc


4




right amp wrong


5





and wronghellip

Ethics


6

Moral

Values

Code of conduct

Ethics


Related terms


7


What is Science



8

Composing questions

Seeking answers




9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



3


1) be dishonest

2) cheat

3) steal

4) be unjustunfair

5) cause harm etc


4




right amp wrong


5





and wronghellip

Ethics


6

Moral

Values

Code of conduct

Ethics


Related terms


7


What is Science



8

Composing questions

Seeking answers




9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



4




right amp wrong


5





and wronghellip

Ethics


6

Moral

Values

Code of conduct

Ethics


Related terms


7


What is Science



8

Composing questions

Seeking answers




9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



5





and wronghellip

Ethics


6

Moral

Values

Code of conduct

Ethics


Related terms


7


What is Science



8

Composing questions

Seeking answers




9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



6

Moral

Values

Code of conduct

Ethics


Related terms


7


What is Science



8

Composing questions

Seeking answers




9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



7


What is Science



8

Composing questions

Seeking answers




9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



8

Composing questions

Seeking answers




9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



9






10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



10


Trustamp Dissent


amp




[ Data]


11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



11

Helm Stadfer (1970)


(1) Tenacity




12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



12

Examples





13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



13

(2) Intuition


Hotline with God



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



14




Example


15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



15

(3) Authority

Accept it




16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



16





17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



17









18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



18

(4) Rationalism

Logic



CorrectTrue

Sound


19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



19


EXAMPLE


Options





20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



20




Run or walk




21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



21

Example

So far so good

No No





22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



22





darkness

Why


23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



23





by other evidence





24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



24

(5) Empiricism





25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



25



three



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



26







27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



27

Summary




Authority Expert





28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



28






29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



29








30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



30



resultsrdquo




31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



31

4 Distinct Stages






32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



32







1981 )


33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



33



So what constitutes




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS




34

Four main types

(1) Plagiarism








35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



35


Ethics in research



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



36








37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



37


Brief Excursion

Mind



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



38



Emotions



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



39


Will

Emotions



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



40




proven guilty)


41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



41








42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



42








43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



43

What do we do


44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



44




What does it mean


45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



45

Authorship Issues




Order of Authors



Sage Advice


46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



46

Biological research





47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



47




Plagiarism

Coercive citations



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



48



Galileo (1564-1642)



Some Examples


49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



49






50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



50







51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



51



reproduce

( Fudging)


52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



52



1910 amp 1913rdquo

( Suppression)



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



53



(Nov 20 1911 to April 16 1912)








54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



54







55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



55

What is

to kidnap

PLAGIARISM



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



56




(Reference )


57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



57TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



58TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



59




needed


60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



60

COPYRIGHT copy


purpose of







61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



61

What does it mean



2 To quote verbatim


(plagiarism)


62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



62



timestimes

timestimes




63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



63

CONSEQUENCES





Plagiarism


64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



64

TYPES OF PLAGIARISM




plagiarism



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



65


Greed

Laziness


Fear of failure


Pressure to produce


66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



66TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



67TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



68


Himalayas


researchers





[Nature338(1990) 405 369 (1994) 692-698]




69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



69






70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



70





71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



71TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



72TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



73TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



74



Gender bias



outfits

and so onhellip


75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



75




Albert Einstein


76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



76TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



77

CONCLUSIONS






78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



78




299(2003) 1982)



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



79TEQIP Feb 19-21 2016

80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



80

CONCLUDING REMARKS



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