Ethics in the Marketplace

213.32

Week 2

Winter 2015

Providence University College

Golden Rule in the Bible

Love your neighbor as yourself.Lev 19:18 & Mk 12:13

Whatever you desire others to do to you, do to them.Matt 7:12 & Luke 6:31

What do you notice?

Golden Rule in the Bible

what I notice Leviticus

• love the alien as your self?

Mark• after the “contest”, an honest question

Golden Rule in the Bible

what I notice Matthew

• in Sermon on the Mount Beatitudes sacrificial love overwhelming generosity

of God

» an appropriate response from us

Luke

• in the Sermon on the Plain Beatitudes love your enemies

» turn the cheek» give them your

clothing» lend to them

without expecting to get anything back

God is overwhelmingly generous

» we should be just like Him

Golden Rule in the Bible

what I notice

not• all the same

• always a “primary rule”

• a “contract” between people

Golden Rule in the Bible

what I conclude overwhelming generosity much more than the “golden rule”

For Fri

ch 1• on quiz

ch 2• NOT on quiz

think of 1 question you want to ask

“The Social Responsibility Business Is To Increase Its Profits”

• Friedman

read by Fri• on quiz

think of 1 thing you want to say

Cases Each case: What ethical systems used?

• by the protagonist

• by other actors

Identifying Ethical Systems

Identifying Ethical Systems

normative consequentialist

1. egoism

2. utilitarianism act-utilitarianism rule-utilitarianism

non-consequentialist3. Kantian

4. prima facie principles

5. moral rights

shouldresults motives

Identifying Ethical Systems

should results

1. egoism

2. utilitarianism act-utilitarianism rule-utilitarianism

best for mebest for everyone

case-by-case

rule-of-thumb

Identifying Ethical Systems

should results

1. best for me

2. best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb

motives3. Kantian

4. prima facie principles

5. moral rights

reason

Identifying Ethical Systems

should results

1. best for me

2. best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb

motives3. reason

4. principles

5. rights

Egoism

1. Egoism

misplaced attacks self-indulgence hedonism only pretending

reasonable attacks not a moral theory psychological egoism not observed ignores “reality”

Identifying Ethical Systems

should results

1. best for me

2. best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb

motives3. reason

4. principles

5. rights

Utilitarianism

2. Utilitarianism

in organizations clear & “straightforward” process “objective” criteria results-oriented

2. Utilitarianism

criticisms workable? just? relentless? some acts just seem wrong

2. Utilitarianism

2 streams act utilitarianism

• case-by-case

rule utilitarianism• rule-of-thumb

“judge codes, not actions”

Identifying Ethical Systems

should results

1. best for me

2. best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb

motives3. reason

4. principles

5. rights

Kant

3. Kant

reason circumstances

• must be ignored

intentions• only duty

universal application• test

3. Kant

“a categorical imperative” “means not ends”

3. Kant

in organizations firm rules focus on

• individual

• motivation

3. Kant

criticisms why

• only duty acceptable?

• no exceptions?

what does “means not ends” mean?

Identifying Ethical Systems

should results

1. best for me

2. best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb

motives3. reason

4. principles

5. rights

prima facie principles

4. Prima Facie Principles

10 commandments love God; love others Golden Rule

4. Prima Facie Principles

“everyone agrees on some basic rules” in hierarchy

4. Prima Facie Principles

Ross 7 duties

• fidelity

• reparation

• gratitude

• justice

• beneficence

• self-improvement

• non-injury

4. Prima Facie Principles

criticisms universal?

• what happens if someone disagrees?

conflicting

Identifying Ethical Systems

should results

1. best for me

2. best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb

motives3. reason

4. principles

5. rights

moral rights

5. Moral Rights

The Declaration of the Rights of Man

Universal Declaration of Human Rights http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml

5. Moral Rights

understanding duties & rights positive rights & negative rights

5. Moral Rights

criticisms what

• is on the list?

who• draws up the list?

• is eligible?

• is responsible?

how much? rights contests

Fri

Quiz

Friedman “The Social Responsibility…

New York Times Magazine• 1970

Milton Friedman• 1912 – 2006

• Nobel Prize in Economics

• Chicago School of Economics

• "the most influential economist of the second half of the 20th century…possibly of all of it”

The Economist, obituary, 2006

1 thing you want to say

Friedman “The Social Responsibility…

What’s the basic case? Why is it attractive? Why don’t business people say it? What objections have been made? How would you respond?

textbook ch 2

1 question you want to ask