1. Module :1 Part -1 INDIAN ETHOS AND VALUES

2. Model of management in Indian Socio-Political Environment Indian Social Environment Indian Political Environment 3. Indian Social Environment To understand Indian Social Environment as stated in Mahabharatha epic related to: Concept of a good or Ideal family. Duties of various members of the family. More about husband-wife relationship. Various roles of members of a family. Importance of house holder (grihastha) life. Dealing with extended family-kith & kin, caste fellows. Institution of marriage- various types of marriages. Socially disadvantaged group Broken household items. 4. Concept of a good or Ideal family. An ideal family is one tapa, self-control, vedic study, yagna,pure marriages, donation of food grains and good conduct exists. Good conduct is the basic quality of a good family.(23-24,vidur neethi) Hospitality Respect for women Respect for the elders Ethics for families Ladies 5. Duties of various members of the family. Wife Son Brothers Duty of father to son Married daughter 6. More about husband-wife relationship. Home is a good wife, not just a house(of bricks and mortar). Ideal wife. Ethical conduct of a wife. 7. Various roles of members of a family. The father give three blessings at the time of JAT KARMA ceremony: Be strong like a stone (Ashma Bhava). Be killer of enemies like an ann(parashur Bhava). Be my soul(Atma Ve putranamsi) 8. Importance of house holder (grihastha) life. The best is family life because all the three objects of life Dharma, Artha and Kama can be attained by a person living in a family. Lead family as per scriptures and attain Moksha It is the support base of all three ashrams- the celibate, forester and solitude It provides oppurtunity to repay 4 debts- pitra debts,rishi debt,divine debt, and human debt. One can be saint even in family life. Thus self- realisation and emanicipation can attained with leading ethical family life. 9. Dealing with extended family-kith & kin, caste fellows. Be afraid of your kith and kin like death,they cant tolerate your growth. But dont ignore them too because nobody will be happy without them. They will save you against attack by third parties. Nobody tolerates dishonour of ones own relatives at the hand of others. Therefore it is a mixed blessing to have kith and kin. You should keep them happy by talk and action. Earn long term name and fame by dealing with kith and kin, relatives, friends, foes and neutrals as per the policy. 10. Institution of marriage- various types of marriages. Brahm marriage- select a groom- unmarried daughter be given to him. Or marring a bachelor girl with suitable groom(A class) Kshatra marriage-Making groom favourable by offering dowry and then donating a bachelor girl.(B- class) Gandharva marriage- mutual consent of bride and groom(C) Demonic marriage- Girl is bought by offering wealth to greedy/relatives of a girl(D) Devilish marriage- girl is forcibly kidnapped by killing the parents/guardian (E) A,B and C are ethical D& E are Sinful 11. Socially disadvantaged group They should be helped to develop and reformed. Nature and conduct of the category of a person. A high caste person should not be respected if his nature and conduct are not good. Contrarily, a person of the low caste should be specially respected if his nature and conduct are good. 12. Broken household items. Broken utensils,torn seats ,scattered articles , violence towards women show that household is affected by sins Broken utensils cause quarrels and broken bed causes loss of wealth. Avoid dog and hen inside house A large tree should not be inside the house 13. Linkage with Indian models of Management Family as organisation.-CEO as karta Family managed business and succession to top positions from family, family disputes etc. Paternal leadership style.-task oriented,discipline,control Maternal leadership style.- sharing & caring,compassion ,pardon-based 14. Indian Political Environment (1) QUALITIES, STATUS, FUNCTIONS AND ROLES OF A KING: Qualities of a leader- king/ CEO: He should know well when to be angry and when to be kind- he must show his angry posture while punishing the criminals; but when dealing with poor and good people he should show his kind. Just as a peacock observes silence during winter season, a chief must also observe silence regarding confidential matters. He must carefully commence and complete a task and have a satisfied mind, know the affairs of the nation /organisation through spies. He should not draw funds from the public exchequer for his own maintenance. Memory, cleverness, self-control,intellect, good physique, patience, bravery and careful analysis of environment are eight 15. Leadership qualities, status and role. Without a leader no divine can perform duties in the world. He has to protect and facilitate them.Lord Krishna is a role model for such a leader. Essential qualities and role of leader, as stated by Bhishma in Vishnu Sahasranamam as follows: Provider of Yoga-Kshema of all stake holders Leads to the realisation of goal/mission. Chief of all; Provider of justice;Employer of thousands, At the top of Orgnl Hierarchy; full of power,courage, knowledge, logic, wealth etc.;Prompt distributor of fruits of action to claimants;Enforcer of rules ;supervisor of all Destroyer of unethical persons;Autonomous,industrious, chief of powerful 16. stability A king/CEO cant be stable in his rule unless he knows the position, gains, losses, funds, place and quantum of punishment One who knows their norms reasonably well and devotes his attention to the knowledge of ethics and economics, he gains kingdom. One should not misbehave on the basis of power 17. leader People dont want a person to be their leader whose pleasure is fruitless and anger is void.( no lady wants an impotent man as husband) King who has a soft eye and maintains silence --appear as a fully grown flowery tree but not liberal in giving (as unreach) , present as mature ,remain protected. --unjust king will spoil the ancestral kingdom --attain kingdom through dharms, protect it by ethics 18. Leadership qualities Forgiveness,titikhsa (Forbearance, mercy), dama(moderate) Simplicity , truthfullness, knowledge of the scriptures apramada,(vigilance),jeevadaya Capacity to preach ethics 19. Leader should be a time manager He should not be negligent towards enemies small/big. Apply intellect in all decisions and win over rivals Never keep greedy in your orgn. Desire, adamancy(unyieldingness) and injustice are enemies of wellbeing of a king/CEO 20. (2) concept of rajdharma Main dharma of Kshatriya maintenance of the subjects. Administration by consultation- elder,sage,intelligent & expert people. Limits of public ethics are observed only when king applies kindness and punishment appropriately A king should always find out his ambassadors the position, increase /decrease in any strength of friends & foes. 4 options Sam(equality) ,Dam(Positive) ,Dand (punish) 21. (3)Leadership through conduct Duty must be performed not only by employees but also by officers, executives, leaders and owners. Conduct of superiors is followed by other people If superior fails in duty subordinates as work-shirkers, and hold society to ransom. Never preach in action Management mantra of success Secret of success is happy combination of wisdom, leadership and devoted performer. If this happens, then prosperity, victory and glory are certain to follow. (sloka-78, ch:18 ,Geeta) 22. (4) Successful king A king who follows the path of good people, who donates, whose secret thoughts are never revealed to enemies and who is never identified by spies, he is considered fit/successful to run administration. No other duty is as eternal and important for a king as is protection of his subjects. As a broken boat is abandoned for sea voyage, every person should leave the following 6 persons An Acharya who does not preach. A priest who doesnot chant vedic mantras. A king who doesnot protect. A wife who is harsh worded. A cowherd who desires to live in a village. A barber who desires to live in a forest. 23. Qualities of a pragmatic king. 24. Public Administration Audit /Review Sage Narada puts the following questions to king Yudhishtira in DivyaSabha consisting of eminent maharishis: Whether your wealth is properly used? Do you take adequate interest in dharma? Are you happy ? Are you free from bad thoughts? Do you rely on the same liberal policy consistent with dharma and artha which was pursued by your forefathers? Whether your love for wealth interferes with Dharma? Do you know secret of time? Have you fixed time for enjoying Dharma, Artha and Kama? Do you have the six qualities of aking? Do you protect your agriculture,trade ,fort, bridge, elephants, Mineral deposits of gold and diamonds,tax recovery,habitation of people etc.? 25. Indian work Ethos Action /Karma Cosmic system is also based on tapa Doing duty as per without ego of I Action- non action theory Knowledge Vs money karma yoga gyana yoga Karma sanyasa Types of karmas Five factor theory of action 26. Action - Inaction Knowledge without action is of no use. Action without knowledge is also dangerous. Man cant attain inaction without commencing action. Man cant achieve success by giving up action in any form ,nobody can remain without action. Natural qualities compel every body to perform some act. He is making a false show who tries to control sensory organs under pressure and continue to think of desires. Best is the one who controls sensory organs mentally and becomes detached and practices karma yoga through all the 5 sensory organs. Doing duty is better than not doing it. Your body cant be maintained without performing duty. Problem will be faced when you involve yourself in actions unrelated to the task or mission. 27. Cosmic system is also based on tapa or doing duty All human beings take birth through food. Food grows through rains and rains come through yagna (task of Tapa performed by sun) Yagna (task /mission) is accomplished through designated duty. Duty is mandated by the scriptures/code of conduct/knowledge. Knowledge come from the god. Omnipresent god is reputed in yagna. Life is futile for those who dont discharge their duty. Do your duty without attachment properly and enjoy eternal bliss. King Janaka was a rajayogi ;the best example of ultimate accomplishment through performing the duty without attachment. 28. Doing Duty as per natural attributes without ego of I Although all duties are done through natural qualities/ attributes, yet the ignorant person develops an ego and says I am the doer/ I do it/I have done it. Dont develop attachment in any qualities / attributes. Knowledgeable persons should not destabilise less knowledgeable or ignorant people. Do you duty and surrender it to the god. Be free from expectations, attachment and stress. Dont think or follow the duty of others. Mind your own duty, even if it is devoid of merit. Aping or coping others duty is dangerous 29. Action-Non action Action-Karma ,Non-action-Akarma ,Avoidable action -Vikarma Intelligent is the one who sees the non-action in action and action in non-action. He is a yogi doing all action. Wise is who performs action mandated by scriptures without desire and with resolve and whose all actions are burnt in the fire of knowledge. He is ever sacrificed in self. He does action well but still he does nothing(because he is free from bondage of attachment in actions and their fruits). He is free from expectations. The yogi will realise self (god) who consumes 30. Knowledge Vs Money Knowledge is more important than money in performing a task/ mission. All actions are merged in knowledge. Approach an expert respectfully for gaining knowledge through dialogue. First you will view the whole universe in yourself and then you will view the whole universe in God. You will cross all sins through this knowledge. Fire of knowledge will burn all your actions and purify you. Only a self-controlled, resourceful and faithful person gains this knowledge. Then he enjoys eternal bliss/peace. Doubtful persons dont deserve this world as well as the other world. They dont deserve happiness. Pierce all your doubts arising out from lack of knowledge by sword of rationality and knowledge and then rise to perform your duty. 31. Karma Sanyasa A person who is acting without any jealousy or envy towards others and who has no expectation is a Sanyasi. He is free from all duals like affection and envy. He will be happily free from all worldly bondage. The ultimate outcome of karma yoga and karma sanyasa is the same. The knowledge (Gyana yoga) and Action(karma yoga); the result is the same- freedom from bondage of action. One who renounces action in form is not a yogi. A real yogi is one who acts without attachment to the act and its fruits. Renouncement of attachment to act and its fruits are real renouncement( sanyas). This sanyasa is Yoga. 32. cont.Karma Sanyasa All actions of Sanyasis are fit for renouncement Lord Krishna task/mission, Daan & Penance must be performed because these will purify your inner-self. But it must be performed in a Satvik way Tamsik Tyag duty is given up due to affection /illusion Rajasik Tyag - duty is given up because it is difficult, painful to the body. Satvik Tyag is related to renouncement of attachments to duty and its fruits Nobody in the world can given up actions completely. A pure Satvik person will be one who is free from doubt, wise and real renouncer. He renounces the fruit of action. 33. Types of task /missions/actions Satvik task/Mission - is performed by a person without desire for fruits. It gives peace. An action mandated by scriptures. Rajasik Karma/Mission is done for the ego, fame, some fruit. It leads to conflict, competition, stress and strain, pleasure or pain. Tamasik Karma/Mission is not systematically or in a haphazard manner. It leads to punishment. It is done without considering the consequences. Types of performer: -Satvik performer -Rajsik performer -Tamasik performer 34. Five factor theory of Action There are five causes/Drivers off all actions: Organising accomplishment of action: Organisation,planning ,control ,motivation Actor/ doer of action: Operation Manpower Equipments or tools of action: Physical resources, technology ,finance .etc Various type of efforts: Start , progress, review, adjustment, compliance. Destiny/Luck: success/failure as destined. Final outcome may be affected by unexplained factors. 35. LINKAGE Management model is based on inspiration which comes from the soul. Detachment gives pure concentration on performance with excellence. Duty as Dharma or service to God gives freedom from the I ego and duals of success-failure, gain-losses, fears, anxiety, stress, strain, desires, lust, greed, anger, envy, revenge etc.