ethiopia introduction
TRANSCRIPT
ETHIOPIA INTRODUCTION
By Melesse Zenebework
Geography: in the horn of AfricaArea: 1.1 million sq.km
Capital city: Addis Ababa
Language: over 80 but Amharic is widely and only spoken in Ethiopia
Terrain : highland plateau, mountains and dry lowlands
Climate: temperate in the highlands and very hot in the low lands
People: special name HabeshaEthnics: over 80 ethnic groups
Population: 88 million
Religion: Christian 63%, Muslim 33% and the rest believe in indigenous belief
0Green – land of fertility and hope
0Yellow – symbolizes church, peace, natural wealth and love
0The star – stands for equality of ethnics and democracy
0Red – sign of power, faith and blood
Ethiopian Flag
Calendar 0 Ethiopia uses exceptionally different calendar in the
world.0 It contains 13 months. Twelve 30 dated months and
one six dated comes once in four months called, “Puagume”
0Ethiopia time zone is also quite different from any nation in the world.
0 A. M starts at six in the morning which is 12a.m in Ethiopia.
0P.M starts at six in the evening which is 12p.m in Ethiopia
0 It is 2004 in Ethiopian calendar which is eight years difference
0New Year starts in September
Ethiopian Numbers
Amharic calendar
History
- Ethiopia is one of the oldest empire in the world dated over 3000 years. Axumite Dynasty and the Obelisks
- Abyssinia was old time name given for Ethiopia
- The first nation out of the middle East to accept Christianity
- The first nation to accept Islam as religion in the world.- Ethiopia is mentioned both in Holy Bible and Holy Quran
- The only African country never been colonized by Europeans.
- The first country to defeat European colonial nation Italy in 1896…battle of “Adwa”
- Until 1974 Ethiopia ruled by a king and a queen
- From 1974 to 1989 became a military socialist nation
- Currently parliamentarian multi-party government system is ruling the nation
The Origin of Human Beings
The oldest hominid bones were found..dated 4.4million years
the fist bipedal human being in the sequence of evolution .
This archeological finding is called “Lucy”
It is considered as the symbol of modern man by scientists.
Places to visit
The Eleven Rock Hewn Churches of Lalibela
- Built in the 13th century by king Lalibela
- Made out of a single rock
- Curved out of a bedrock from top-down
- How they were build is still a mystery to modern science
Bete Georgis
Inside viewFront view
Bete Mariam
Back view
Bete Medhanialem
Bete Amanuel
Bete Aba Libanos
Bete Gabriel
St. Yimrehane Kiristos
King Fasil Palace
Axum Tsion Churches
Semen Mountain – 4620m
Bale mountain – 4120mMountains for Hiking
Abune Yosef – 4260m Gara Muleta – 4405m
Baylamatu – 3777mAmba Alagea – 4000m
Dalol
The Lowest Sub aerial volcanic vents on Earth
Dalol = the Danakil depression… is found in the great rift valley
- 328ft below sea level
- formed by volcanic eruption
- covered by deadly acidic liquids and minerals
- formed numerous hot springs
Dalol
Day timeErtalea
Active Volcano
At night
-Ethiopia is rich in wild animals, birds and plants
-Every forest is not free from animals
-277 species of animals, unknown number of birds and 6,600 species of plants are found in Ethiopia-- Indigenous animals like Walia Ibex, Niala, shy wild ass and red fox are found
Wild Life
NialaWalia
Shy Wild Ass
Red Fox
Unknown number of birds
Lakes in Ethiopia
Tana
The largest lake in Ethiopia 32000sq.km
Blue Nile river starts from here
There are 37 islands over the lake Ancient churches built in the 13th c are found in the islands
Lake Hawasa
Another big lake found in the city of Hawasa
The lake has many hippopotamus and crocodiles
There is large safest place for swimming and boating
Abiyata and Chamo
Found in the southern Ethiopia
The two lakes are separated by a narrow land
The land never been covered by water and is called Bridge of God
lots of crocies and hippos
Lake Langano
Found in southern part of ethiopia
Always looks brown
The best place to enjoy on the beach
It is free from any dangerous animal so people swim but very deep
Lake Aniyata
• Ethiopia and Coffee
Coffee was first found in Ethiopia in a place called Kaffa and the name derived from the place.
Coffee and Ethiopians' life has strongly bounded to each other.
Coffee ceremony is very important part in a social life and it is the first thing people invite guests at home.
Coffee is the major exporting item for the nation.
Comparing to other countries it is the cheapest to invite someone.
A cup of coffee is less than a 500 won on a coffee shop.
Coffee Ceremony
Ethnic groups
0Ethiopia has over 80 ethnic groups.
0Some of the minorities have a population of not more than 10,000 people.
0The groups have their own distinct language and culture.
0Some ethnic groups can be identified even physically.
0Some of the ethnic members are very far from the city may not know about car, tv or radio…
Amhara
Oromo
Tigire
Gambela
People from Central Part
Based on the a verse Luk.3:21 “… Jesus also being baptized…”People in white accompany the Ark of the covenant to a special tent.There are church songs full of spiritual dances with different sort of beautiful costumes.It goes for 3 days
Major Festivals Epiphany
Ark of the Covenant
The right side of Holy Cross is found in EthiopiaThe ceremony lasts for half a dayIt’s a national holidayFamily or community size celebration goes on the whole night.Singing, dancing, drinking and lots of fun
The Finding of the Holy Cross
Nations and Nationalities Day
Icons of Ethiopia (1855 - 1869)
King Tewodros
0 United Ethiopia
0 The most warrior king
0 Fought throughout his life
0 Finally fought against United kingdom and was defeated
0 Committed suicide with his own gun at the battle of Mekdela
0 The first king who built a paid army.
0 Was keen to modernization and unity.
Menelik II (1889 - 1913)
He made the current shape of Ethiopia including Eretria
he was clever on foreign diplomacy
he introduced modernization like water pipe, train, car, bicycle, telephone…
Fought against colonization with Italy and won the war at the battle of Adwa
King Haile Silasie
Rasta man
Ras Teferi
Bob Marley
Aster Aweke
Tilahun Gessesse
Abebe Bikila
Athletics
Derartu Tulu
Haile Gebre Silasie
- Long distance and road runner- Broke 61 National records and 27 world records. - Considered one of the greatest distance runner in world history
- recently joined the Marathon and started breaking records in Berlin
Q &A?