ethiopian cyberinfrastructure

By

Zelalem Assefa

Ethiopian Cyberinfrastructure

Agenda

What is Cyberinfrastructure?

Major Areas and Elements

Ethiopian Status on the Major area of

Cyberinfrastructure

Networking

Organizations

Software

Computational Resources

Collaboration tools

Data

Expertise2

Cyberinfrastructure

As defined by Indiana University

“Cyberinfrastructure consists of computing

systems, data storage systems, advanced

instruments and data repositories, visualization

environments, and people, all linked together by

software and high performance networks to

improve research productivity and enable

breakthroughs not otherwise possible.”

3

DiscoveryCollaboratio

nEducation

Major Areas and Elements

OrganizationsUniversities, schoolsGovernment labs, agenciesResearch and Medical CentersLibraries, MuseumsVirtual OrganizationsCommunities

ExpertiseResearch and ScholarshipEducationLearning and Workforce DevelopmentInteroperability and operationsCyberscience

NetworkingCampus, national, international networks

Research and experimental networksEnd-to-end throughput Cybersecurity


SupercomputersClouds, Grids, ClustersVisualizationCompute servicesData Centers

DataDatabases, Data repositories

Collections and LibrariesData Access; storage, navigation

management, mining tools,curation, privacy

Scientific InstrumentsLarge Facilities, MREFCs,,telescopes

Colliders, shake TablesSensor Arrays

- Ocean, environment, weather,buildings, climate. etc

SoftwareApplications, middleware

Software development and supportCybersecurity: access,

authorization, authentication

Advanced Computational Infrastructure

DataInfrastructure

Program

Ethiopian Context on the Major area of

Cyberinfrastructure1. Networking

Campus, national, international networks

Research and experimental networks

Cybersecurity

2. Organizations

Universities

Government labs, agencies

Research and Medical Centers

Libraries, Museums

Virtual Organizations

Communities

5

Continued ..3. Software

Applications, middleware

Software development and support

Cybersecurity: access, authorization, authentication

4. Computational Resources

Supercomputers

Clouds, Grids, Clusters

Visualization

Compute services

Data Centers

5. Collaboration Tools

6. Data

Databases, Data repositories

Collections and Libraries

Data Access; storage, navigation, management, mining tools,

curation, privacy6

Continued ..6. Expertise

Research and Scholarship

Education

Learning and Workforce Development

Interoperability and operations

Cyberscience

7. Scientific Instruments

Large Facilities, Major Research Equipment and

Facilities Construction ,telescopes

Colliders, shake Tables

Sensor Arrays; Ocean, environment, weather,

buildings, climate. etc

7

Networking

1. Campus, national, international networks

2. Research and experimental networks

3. Cybersecurity

8

Campus Network Infrastructure for Universities

EthERNet is coordinating the universities in building standard and

state of the art campus network, which includes

Data Center Infrastructure.

Fibre and UTP Cabling

Security ,Wired & Wireless LAN, VOIP etc

9

National Network -EthERNet

Ethiopian Education and Research Network (EthERNet) is the

Ethiopian National Research and Education Network (NREN). It is

also a Research and experimental networks

EthERNet 40G backbone with 10G access to 36 public Universities

and Institute of Technologies having its own state of the art Data

Center and Network Operation Center

The optical (fiber) backbone is built on highly reliable OPGW and

ADSS on EEU high voltage lines. 4841 Km of fibers are used

Costs More than 1.2 billion ETB

Exchange Point/Internet Gateway is at EthERNet Data Center in

Addis Ababa to peer with neighboring NRENs (SudREN, KENET,

SolmaliREN) and ultimately will connect to UbuntuNet, GiANT,

Internet2 and all other global research and education network.

Current Member of UbuntuNet Alliance

National Network -EthERNet

12

Gonder

Debre Zebit

Defence

Debere Tabour

Debre Markos

Jigjiga

AdigratAxum

Dire Dawa

Haromaya

Arbaminch

Wolayita

Sodo

Mizan Teferi

Jimma

Hawassa

Bule Horra

Meda Welabu

Dilla

D Berhan WollegaAmboAssosa

Civil service

AASTU

KOTEBE

Mekel

Woldiya

Semera

Wollo

Bahirdar

Adama

AAUWachamo

EiABC

IOT

Bahirdar(5)

Adama(8)Welkete(7)

EPR-1(1)

EPR-2(2)

Kombolcha(6)

T8000

M6000-3s

10G

40G

Sidst

Kilo(3)

Bole(4)

Aggregation layerEdge layer

Welkete

Metu

IP Network -EthERNet

International Network -AfricaConnect project

The AfricaConnect project will benefit researchers, educators

and students in Southern and Eastern Africa, focusing on the

member countries of the UbuntuNet Alliance.

It aims to establish a high-capacity Internet network for

research and education in Southern and Eastern Africa to

provide the region with a gateway to global research

collaboration.

Organizing a direct interconnection of the resulting regional

network to GÉANT

TENET

SEACOM 10GE

(Existing)

TENET Amsterdam

10GE (Existing)

London (UK)

Gateway PoP

(Existing)

Wet Backbone Links

Existing Circuits

P/PE Wet backbone

Core

Gateway PoP

(Non-African Circuits)

Dar Es Salaam (TZ)

P/PE Core PoP

Maputo (MZ)

P/PE Core PoP

Blantyre

(MW)

Lusaka

(ZM)

Nairobi

(KE)

Addis-Ababa

(ET)

Kampala

(UG)

Kigali

(RW)

Edge (Country)

PoP

Cross Border Circuit

TENET CLOUD

Kinshasa

(CD)

Windhoek

(NA)

Mtunzini (ZA)

Gateway PoP

Phase 2 Circuit

MPLS X-Connect

Phase 2

PoP

Future WACS Cable

Africa – Europe

EIG Circuit

Amsterdam (NL)

Gateway PoP

(Existing)

Intercontinental Circuit

Mombasa (KE)

Gateway PoP

Khartoum

(SS)

Agreement between AU

and EU (Co-funded by

funded by EU80% )

But we are also

negotiating with

international provider to

hook us to UbuntuNet

alliance router in London

International Network – Ethiopia’s connection the outside

World

14

3 International

Gateways

• Sudan (Port Sudan)

• Djibouti

• Kenya (Mombasa)

Redundant National

Gateways

• Addis Ababa

• Bahir Dar (North through Sudan)

• Dire Dawa (East though Djibouti)

• Shashemene (South through Kenya)

Internet Bandwidth

• Total capacity is 27.74

• Through Djibouti = 14.88

• Through Sudan = 7.74 (CanarTele=4.34 and Sudan Tel = 3.1)

• Keney (SAFARICOM) = 1.24

• Satellite = 0.465

National Backbone

• Broadband, Mobile & Fixed Telephone

• 10 Gbps are currently being upgraded to 40Gbps

• Currently 12.5k( Km) fiber all over the country and upgraded to 18k (KM) after a year

Khartoum

Addis Ababa

Dire-Dawa

Shashemene

Bahir Dar

Cybersecurity

We have 2 firewalls to protect the whole network

applications. Those two firewall are running HA (active-

passive) mode and provide access, authorization,

authentication. Firewall deployment topology as follows,

US6820-1

10G

10G

EthERnet

HeartbeatHeartbeat

Cisco Nexus 7009-1

10G

10G

Smart Group1

Smart Group1

HA(Active-Passive)Port1

Port2

Eth1/1

FMC1/1

US6820-2

Cisco Nexus 7009-2

Eth1/1

Email Web HostingIdentity

Management systemOther application

system...

Vlan101Vlan100 Vlan102 VlanNVlanx LAN

FMC1/1

FMC1/2 FMC1/2

Organizations

1. Universities

2. Agricultural/Gov labs, agencies

3. Research and Medical Centers

4. Libraries, Museums

5. Virtual Organizations

6. Communities

16

Organizations to be Connected - EthERNet Phase II Project

1. 100 or more higher education and other organizations to be

connected to the EthERNet network.

2. Meshed transmission

The transmission network will be meshed topology, and the

ring topology shall increase from 2 to 5 Rings.

This will enhance the network security, strengthen service

availability.

3. Full OPGW migration

Most of the fiber route uses the existing OPGW cable, but

needs to migrate the rest that uses the existing ET’s optical

fiber cable. Meanwhile, it needs to push EEU to prioritize the

OPGW construction in favor of the cities which accommodate

universities.

4. Redundancy at the aggregation layer

For the aggregation layer, one more AG router should be for

each aggregation site

Debark

Engebara Maichew

Kebridahar

Jinka

Bonga

Asebe TeferiWorabe

BIHAR DAR-ARB

Adama-ARA

WELKETE-ARA

DataCenter-EPR-1

DataCenter-EPR-2

KOMBOLCHA-ARA

T8000

M6000-3s

10G

40G

SIDIS KILO-ARA

BOLE-AR2AAggregation layer

Edge layer

Fiche

Mekidla Amba

Asela

SIDIS KILO-ARB

BOLE-AR2B

KOMBOLCHA-ARBBIHAR DAR-ARA

WELKETE-ARB

Adama-ARB

Gambela Dembidolo

Black Lion Medical College

Paulos Mill.Medical Coll

IP Access Network -ISP

20

Broadband Internet

• 84 IP DSLMS in 75 Major Cities (10 are in Addis)

• DSLAMs provide broadband services using ADSL2+/VDSL2 technologies

• About 2000 MSAGs in 75 major cities

• MSAGs Provide broadband access with the capacity to support 1.2 Million Subscribers

• MSAGSs Installed near all residential and business areas

• 507 mini-DSLAMS in 507 Woreda Towns

• Each DSLMS can support 24 customers

• Out of the 507 Min-DSLAMs, the uplink of 200 of them is upgraded to FE. This means by adding additional cards, the number of customers to be connected can also be increased

• DSLAMs are installed on Ethio Telcom facilities

CDMA

• Wireless Local loop intended for rural areas

• Provide Mobile Data services & 1x/e-video internet connections

• 90% geographical coverage of the country

• 1X: up to 153kbps

• EV-DO: Up to 3.1Mbps

Mobile (GSM)

• 720 words & Main roads have coverage

• GPRS (2.5G) data services is available for all mobile users

• EDGE (2.75 G) data services for Addis Ababa & Major cities; current active user are 1.4M

• 3G : 1.5M capacity available in Addis, 4.5 M capacity in regions under implementation to be complete in end 2015.

• 4G : 400K capacity data services is available in Addis Ababa:

• Currently 35,478,485M Mobile subscribers all over the country.

• Network can support 60M subscribers

• A project to upgrade the capacity to 60M subscribers is half way in its implementation.

VSA

Currently deployed VSAT system has the capacity to transmit both voice (television), data (Internet) and telephone

96% Government Secondary schools have VSAT

1357 schools are beneficiaries of Plasma Educational Broadcast TV program

• Other organization can easily connected to the network using

the ISP infrastructure

ISP existing Fiber link

Other sectors including Financials, Trade, Pubic Service,EEU etc


1. Supercomputers

2. Clouds, Grids, Clusters

3. Visualization

4. Compute services

5. Data Centers

25

Cloud Infrastructure EthERNet do have state of the art data center

containing cloud infrastructure (virtualization and

compute services)

26

27 IBM V7000

Cisco Nexus

5596UP-1

US6820-1

10G

10G

1G

8G/10G

Service network

Network Fiber

EthERnet

1G Heartbeat

HeartbeatHeartbeat

Cisco Nexus 7009-1

10G

10G

8G

8G

8G

Smart Group1

Smart Group1

Pureflex

HA(Active-Passive)

Port1

Port2

Eth1/1 Eth1/1

FMC1/1

Eth1/5

Eth1/6

US6820-2

FC port1

FC1/1

8G8G8G

1G Management network

Cisco Nexus

5596UP-2

Cisco Nexus 7009-2

1G*21G*2

Eth1/3-4 Eth1/3-4

FC1/2 FC1/1 FC1/2

FC1/3 FC1/3

1G1G

Eth1/7 Eth1/7

D-F7100-1

D-F7100-2

FMC1/1

FMC1/2FMC1/2

1G 1G

Bond1(Active-Backup)

Eth1/8 Eth1/8

Physical Network Design

Proposed EthERNet HPC

28

We used Gaussian and Quantum Espresso

previously using the Africa-Grid for our researchers

Collaboration Tools

Large File transfer

Videoconferencing-as-a-Service

Works with rooms, laptops/desktops, mobile and web.

Replay, Recording and Streaming. Manage lectures and

content for live or on-demand viewing

(Private) Cloud like shared service for each university – no

need to buy the servers for UC

Not “rip & replace” – existing H.323 in each universities estate

can continue to participate

Reach out to partners and collaborators world-wide

A ready-made service!

Provide distance learning that is interactive and Can also be

used for Support and training

Research: This is a particularly popular use of universities and

research organizations, and their industry partners.

Promote greater interactions, High quality content sharing, and

engagement among teachers and students

Continued….

Data

Currently EthERNet provide

Open Access Repository (http://ethoar.sci-gaia.eu/) using DOI

(digital object Identifier)

Databases, Data repositories

Collections and Libraries

Data Access; storage, navigation, management, mining tools,

curation, privacy

http://ethoar.sci-gaia.eu/

Way forward

We invested on Technology, but not on people

and effect

People are a key element

We have to do Linkage of technology elements

by software and high-performance networks

into a larger system

We have to organize and invest on Scientific

Instruments (Large Facilities, telescopes,

Sensor Arrays, etc)

Collaborate and work together MoST and other

stack holders

Any Q

?

Thank You!

ethiopian cyberinfrastructure

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