eu. a presentation
TRANSCRIPT
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The European Union:493 million people 27 countries
Member states of the European Union
Candidate countries
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Founding fathers
New ideas for lasting peace and prosperity
Konrad Adenauer
Robert Schuman
Winston Churchill
Alcide De Gasperi
Jean Monnet
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The EU symbols
The European flagThe European anthem
Europe Day, 9 May
The motto: United in diversity
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23 official languages
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Eight enlargements
1952 1973 1981 1986
1990 1995 2004 2007
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The big enlargement:healing the division of Europe
Fall of Berlin Wall end of CommunismEU economic help begins: Phare programme
Criteria set for a country to join the EU: democracy and rule of law functioning market economy ability to implement EU laws
Formal negotiations on enlargement begin
Copenhagen summit agrees enlargement
10 new EU members: Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia,
Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia
41989
41992
41998
42002
42004
42007 Bulgaria and Romania join the EU
Candidates
Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey
Reuders
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The treaties basis for democratic cooperationbuilt on law
1952The European Steel and Coal Community
1958The treaties of Rome:
The European Economic Community
The European Atomic Energy Community
(EURATOM)
1987The European Single Act:
the Single Market
1993Treaty of European Union
Maastricht
1999Treaty of Amsterdam
2003Treaty of Nice
2007Treaty of Lisbon (signed)
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8
Enlargement
1957Rome
1987Single
Act
2001Nice
1992Maastricht
1997
Amsterdam
1973 1986 2007199519811952 2004
69 10
1215
25 27
BEDE
FR
ITL
UN
L
+
DKIE
UK
+
EL
+
ESPT
+
AT
FIS
E
+
CZ
EE
CY
LV
LT
HUMT
PL
SI
SK
+
BG
RO
2007Lisbon
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The Lisbon treaty - taking Europe intothe 21st century
The Treaty will make the European Union:
More efficient Simpler processes, full-time presidentfor the Council, etc.
More democratic Stronger role for the European Parliament
and national parliaments, "Citizens initiative",Charter of Fundamental Rights, etc.
More transparent Clarifies who does what, greater public accessto documents and meetings, etc.
More united on High Representative for Foreign Policy, etc.the world stage
More secure New possibilities to fight climate changeand terrorism, secure energy supplies, etc.
Signed in December 2007 enter into force when ratified by all 27EU countries.
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Three key players
The European Parliament- voice of the peopleHans-Gert Pttering, Presidentof the European Parliament
The council of Ministers- voice of the Member StatesJavier Solana, Secretary-General of the Councilof the European Union and High Representativefor Common Foreign and Security Policy
The European Commission- promoting the common interestJos Manuel Barroso, Presidentof the European Commission
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Three pillars
The European Union
The Treaties
EuropeanCommunity
domain(most ofcommonpolicies)
Commonforeign and
securitypolicy
Police andjudicial
cooperationin criminal
matters
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European Parliament
The EU institutions
Court ofJustice
Court ofAuditors
Economic and SocialCommittee
Committee of the Regions
Council of Ministers(Council of the EU)
European Commission
European Investment Bank European Central BankAgencies
European Council (summit)
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How EU laws are made
Citizens, interests groups, experts: discuss, consult
Commission: makes formal proposal
Parliament and Council of Ministers: decide jointly
Commission and Court of Justice: monitor implementation
National or local authorities: implement
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United Kingdom
The European Parliament voice of the people
13
24
78
78
14
Italy
Ireland
24Hungary
Greece
99Germany
France
Finland
6Estonia
14Denmark
24Czech Republic
6Cyprus
18Bulgaria
24Belgium
18Austria
4 Decides EU laws and budget together with Council of Ministers4 Democratic supervision of all the EUs work
Total 785
78
19Sweden
54Spain
7Slovenia
14Slovakia
35Romania
24Portugal
54Poland
27Netherlands
5Malta
6Luxembourg
13Lithuania
9Latvia
Number of members elected in each country
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The European political parties
Number of seats in the European Parliamentper political group (March 2008)
European United
Left - Nordic Green Left
41
Socialist Group
215
Greens/European
Free Alliance
43
Independence/
Democracy
24
Alliance of Liberals and
Democrats for Europe
101 European Peoples Party(Christian Democrats)
and European Democrats
288
Union for Europe
of the Nations44
Non-attached members and
temporarily empty seats
29
Total : 785
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Council of Ministers voice of the member states
4One minister from each EU country
4Presidency: rotates every six months4Decides EU laws and budget together
with Parliament
4Manages the Common Foreign andSecurity Policy
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Council of Ministers number of votes per country
345Total:
3Malta
4Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Luxembourg and Slovenia
7Denmark, Ireland, Lithuania, Slovakia and Finland
10Austria, Bulgaria and Sweden
12Belgium, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary and Portugal
13Netherlands
14Romania
27Spain and Poland
29Germany, France, Italy and the United Kingdom
Qualified majority needed for many decisions:255 votes and a majority of member states
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Summit at the European Council
Summit of heads of state and government of all EU countries
4Heldat least 3 times a year4Sets the overall guidelines for EU policies
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The European Commission promotingthe common interest
27 independent members,one from each EU country
4Proposes new legislation4Executive organ
4Guardian of the treaties4Represents the EU on the international stage
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The Court of Justice upholding the law
27 independent judges,one from each EU country
4Rules on how to interpret EU law4Ensures EU laws are used in the same
way in all EU countries
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The European Court of Auditors:getting value for your money
27 independent members
4Checks that EU funds are usedproperly4Can audit any person or organisationdealing with EU funds
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4Ensures price stability
4Controls money supply and decides interest rates
4Works independently from governments
The European Central Bank:managing the euro
Jean-Claude TrichetPresident of the Central Bank
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The European Economic and Social Committee:voice of civil society
344 members
4Represents trade unions, employers,farmers, consumers etc
4Advises on new EU laws and policies
4Promotes the involvement ofcivil society in EU matters
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The Committee of the Regions:voice of local government
344 members
4Represents cities, regions
4Advises on new EU laws and policies
4Promotes the involvement of localgovernment in EU matters
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Civil servants working for the EU
Commission: about 24 000 civil servantsOther EU institutions: about 10 000 employed
4Permanent civil servants
4Selected by open competitions
4Come from all EU countries
4Salaries decided by law
4EU administration costs 15 euro per EU citizen per year