eumm iwpr presentation
TRANSCRIPT
WHEN WAR IS DECLARED, TRUTH IS THE FIRST CASUALTY
ARTHUR PONSONBY, FALSEHOOD IN WARTIME, 1928
AZERBAIJANI POW, NAGORNO KARABAKH © ONNIK JAMES KRIKORIAN 1994
NAGORNO KARABAKH
NAGORNO KARABAKH• 25,000 DEAD UNTIL 1994 CEASEFIRE
• 1 MILLION REFUGEES AND IDPS DISPLACED FROM THEIR HOMES
• 16 PERCENT OF AZERBAIJAN CONTROLLED BY ARMENIAN FORCES
• BORDER SKIRMISHES AND CLASHES, INCREASE IN SNIPER INCIDENTS
• NEW GENERATIONS OF ARMENIANS AND AZERBAIJANIS LIVING WITHOUT CONTACT WITH THE OTHER
• CONFLICT USED AS A POLITICAL TOOL IN ARMENIA AND AZERBAIJAN
• PEACE STILL ELUSIVE
NAGORNO KARABAKH[…] people are often inclined to consider their
existing attitudes and beliefs to be true and filter the news through this lens. Thus, they accept messages in order to maintain their original perceptions. […] bias in the local media [...] serves as a means to fuel and perpetuate hatred. This is a role the media has and continues to play with regards to the conflict over Nagorno Karabakh.
ARMENIAN AND AZERBAIJANI INTERNATIONAL NEWS COVERAGE, CAUCASUS RESEARCH RESOURCE CENTERS (CRRC)http://epfound.am/files/mb_fg_report_finalized_edited_12.27.2008.doc
NAGORNO KARABAKH[A] negative context [is set] in the public
consciousness, which hinders dialogue and mutual understanding [...] Without more accurate and unbiased information [...] free of negative rhetoric and stereotypes, Armenians and Azerbaijanis will continue to see themselves as enemies without any common ground.
ARMENIAN AND AZERBAIJANI INTERNATIONAL NEWS COVERAGE, CAUCASUS RESEARCH RESOURCE CENTERS (CRRC)http://epfound.am/files/mb_fg_report_finalized_edited_12.27.2008.doc
NAGORNO KARABAKH
NAGORNO KARABAKH
THE MEDIA
DATA: FREEDOM HOUSE
CAUCASUS RESEARCH RESOURCE CENTERS (CRRC)
THE MEDIA
DATA: CAUCASUS RESEARCH RESOURCE CENTERS (CRRC)
Armenia
Azerbai-jan
Georgia
4
14
6
16
33
21
42
28
49
19
9
8
11
8
4
8
7
12
How well TV journalists inform the population (%) CB 2012
Very well Quite well In the middle Quite poorly Very poorly Don't know
THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET
DATA:
CAUCASUS RESEARCH RESOURCE CENTERS (CRRC)
CAUCASUS BAROMETER 2012
Social Networks Skype Search Email News Music/Videos0
18
35
53
70
88
53 54
46
2225
19
50
30
59
31
16
37
70
34
50
24 22 22
Internet access from PC Internet access from a cell phone
0
13
25
38
5042
24
16 15
29
9
Armenia AzerbaijanGeorgia
Every day Less frequently Never Don't know what the Internet is
0
15
30
45
60
75
33
19
46
211
15
59
12
2619
49
6
RUSSIAN MILITARY ROAD BLOCK, ROAD TO GORI © ONNIK JAMES KRIKORIAN 2008
Anyone who believes that all citizen media are objective and impartial is either mad or hasn't actually read any citizen media. […] What's become very difficult is using citizen media to understand what's actually happening on the ground. […] This sort of situation can get even more complicated when there aren't impartial journalists on the ground.ETHAN ZUCKERMANhttp://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/13149/
RUSSIA-GEORGIA WAR
ANOTHER ALTERNATIVE?In the 21st century, media has begun to
affect war more than ever before. Digital media technologies [...] have increased communication and information dissemination in conflict settings [...]. These new tools can be used to foment violence or to foster peace, and it is possible to build communication systems that encourage dialogue and nonviolent political solutions.
DIGITAL MEDIA IN CONFLICT PRONE SOCIETIEShttp://cima.ned.org/publications/research-reports/digital-media-conflict-prone-societies
GLOBAL VOICES
FACEBOOK & TWITTER
SMS AND TWITTERCRISIS MAPPINGPHOTOGRAPHYVIDEOAUDIOLIVE STREAMING
MOBILE REPORTING
ALTERNATIVE NARRATIVES
We hear far too little of what I call this “third narrative” of the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict, a narrative of peace. It spins the idea that the two people are capable of getting along fine, have lived together in the past and, if politicians are able to overcome differences […], can live together in the future. International mediators are too times to speak this narrative or feel that is not their business. The media in both countries suppresses it. CAUCASUS CONFLICT VOICES, MAY 2011THOMAS DE WAAL, CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACEHTTP://PEACE.ONEWORLD.AM/CONFLICT_VOICES_MAY_2011.HTML
ALTERNATIVE NARRATIVES
THE MEDIA AND ICT4D
USHAHIDI CRISIS.NET
A CYBER UTOPIA?The reason why the KGB wants you to join
Facebook is because it allows them to learn more about you from afar. It allows them to identify certain social graphs and social connections between activists. Many of these relationships are now self-disclosed by activists by joining various groups.
EVGENY MOROZOV, THE NET DELUSION: DARK SIDE OF INTERNET FREEDOMhttp://www.rferl.org/content/interview_morozov_internet_democracy_promotion/ 2284105.html
THE INTERNET
A CYBER UTOPIA?I study the ways new media shapes people's
perceptions of the world. It's my fond hope that social networks such as Facebook will help users broaden their perspectives by listening to a different set of people than they encounter in their daily life. But I fear services such as Facebook may be turning us into imaginary cosmopolitans.
CNN, DOES FACEBOOK UNITE OR DIVIDE US?http://edition.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/08/03/zuckerman.facebook.global/
FOREIGN FIGHTERSThe use of social media among young people
going to join rebel groups in Syria and Iraq has exploded. It is their main source of information and communication.
The consequences for society of so many people being exposed to the violence and brutality of war and to radical extremist groups at the forefront of the fighting are unpredictable, but unlikely to be positive.
RICHARD BARRETT, UNITED NATIONS COUNTERTERRORISM TASKFORCE (CTITF) CO-FOUNDERhttp://techpresident.com/news/wegov/25167/while-jihad-waged-iraq-and-syria-counter-narratives-go-online
COUNTER NARRATIVESAttractive alternative narratives can
contribute to the prevention of radicalization and recruitment if they are delivered to the target audience by trusted sources. […] community leaders that are informed of potential radicalisation and recruitment to violent extremism in their own communities are better partners in efforts to counter violent extremism in those communities.
DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE COUNTER-NARRATIVES IN COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM (CVE), HEDAYAH CENTRE. SEPTEMBER 2014
COUNTER NARRATIVES• Positive and Alternative Narratives
Strategic Counter Narratives
Ethical Counter Narratives
Ideological and Religious Counter Narratives
Tactical Counter Narratives
Humour and Satire
DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE COUNTER-NARRATIVES IN COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISMHEDAYAH CENTER, SEPTEMBER 2014
CYBER REALISM[...] the internet is not magic; it is a tool.
Anyone who wants to use it to bring nations closer together has to show initiative, and be ready to travel physically as well as virtually. As with the telegraph before it—also hailed as a tool of peace — the internet does nothing on its own.
THE ECONOMIST, A CYBER-HOUSE DIVIDEDhttp://www.economist.com/node/16943885?stor y_id=16943885
DISCUSSIONEMAIL
WEBhttp://www.onnik-krikorian.com
http://www.conflict-voices.net
FACEBOOKhttp://www.facebook.com/onewmphotohttp://www.facebook.com/conflictvoices
TWITTERhttp://www.twitter.com/onewmphoto
http://www.twitter.com/caucasusproject