Euromediterranean Master in Culture and Tourism

Heritage Tourism, Unesco sites: The Mediterranean challengechallenge

Bari, 29-30 January 2009Bari, 29-30 January 2009

Prof. Rossana Bonadei – Dr. Federica Frediani

Fonte:www.unesco.orgFonte:www.unesco.org

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization, founded on

16 November 1945.16 November 1945.

GOALS

Education, Social and Natural Science, Culture Education, Social and Natural Science, Culture and Communication are the means to a far more ambitious goal: to build peace in the more ambitious goal: to build peace in the

minds of men.

GOALS

UNESCO promotes international co-operation UNESCO promotes international co-operation among its 193 (October 2007)

Member States and six Associate Members in Member States and six Associate Members in the fields of education, science, culture and

communication. communication.

The UNESCO World HeritageThe UNESCO World HeritageThe UNESCO World HeritageThe UNESCO World HeritageThe UNESCO World HeritageThe UNESCO World HeritageThe UNESCO World HeritageThe UNESCO World Heritage

GOALS

One of UNESCO's mandates is to pay special One of UNESCO's mandates is to pay special attention to new global threats that may affect the natural and cultural heritage and affect the natural and cultural heritage and ensure that the conservation of sites and monuments contributes to social cohesion.monuments contributes to social cohesion.

Reflecting the natural and cultural wealth that Reflecting the natural and cultural wealth that belongs to all of humanity, World Heritage sites and monuments constitute crucial sites and monuments constitute crucial

landmarks of our world. They symbolize the conciousness of States and pepoles of the significance of these places and reflect their conciousness of States and pepoles of the significance of these places and reflect their attachment to collective ownership and to the

trasmission of this heritage to future trasmission of this heritage to future generations.

Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to

future generations. Our cultural and natural future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage are both irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration. Places as unique and diverse as the wilds of East Africa’s Serengeti, the

and inspiration. Places as unique and diverse as the wilds of East Africa’s Serengeti, the Pyramids of Egypt, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Baroque cathedrals of Latin Australia and the Baroque cathedrals of Latin

America make up our world’s heritage.

What makes the concept of World Heritage What makes the concept of World Heritage exceptional is its universal application. World Heritage sites belong to all the peoples of the Heritage sites belong to all the peoples of the world, irrespective of the territory on which

they are located.they are located.

The Convention concerning the Protection The Convention concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage was

adopted by the General Conference of adopted by the General Conference of

UNESCO on 16 November 1972.

The Convention sets out the duties of States PartiesStates PartiesStates PartiesStates Parties in identifying potential sites and their role in protecting

The Convention sets out the duties of States PartiesStates PartiesStates PartiesStates Parties in identifying potential sites and their role in protecting

and preserving them. By signing the Convention, each country pledges to conserve not only the World Heritage sites situated on its territory, but also to

each country pledges to conserve not only the World Heritage sites situated on its territory, but also to protect its national heritage. The States Parties are

encouraged to integrate the protection of the cultural and natural heritage into regional planning

encouraged to integrate the protection of the cultural and natural heritage into regional planning programmes, set up staff and services at their sites,

undertake scientific and technical conservation research and adopt measures which give this undertake scientific and technical conservation research and adopt measures which give this

heritage a function in the day-to-day life of the community community

UNESCO World Heritage Mission is to:

encourage countries to sign the World Heritage encourage countries to sign the World Heritage Convention and to ensure the protection of

their natural and cultural heritage; their natural and cultural heritage;

encourage States Parties to the Convention to encourage States Parties to the Convention to nominate sites within their national territory

for inclusion on the World Heritage List; for inclusion on the World Heritage List;

encourage States Parties to establish encourage States Parties to establish management plans and set up reporting

systems on the state of conservation of their systems on the state of conservation of their

World Heritage sites;

help States Parties safeguard World Heritage help States Parties safeguard World Heritage properties by providing technical assistance

and professional training; and professional training;

provide emergency assistance for World Heritage sites in immediate danger;Heritage sites in immediate danger;

support States Parties' public awareness-support States Parties' public awareness-building activities for World Heritage

conservation; conservation;

encourage participation of the local encourage participation of the local population in the preservation of their

cultural and natural heritage cultural and natural heritage

The ConventionThe Convention

Committee Committee

Fund

The World Heritage CommitteeThe World Heritage Committee

meets once a year, and consists of meets once a year, and consists of representatives from 21 of the States Parties to the Convention representatives from 21 of the States Parties to the Convention

elected by their General Assemblyelected by their General Assembly

The World Heritage Committee

has four essential fonctions :has four essential fonctions :

The Committee is responsible for the The Committee is responsible for the implementation of the World Heritage

Convention Convention

Advisory BodiesAdvisory Bodies

ICCROM ICCROM

International Centre for the Study of Preservetion and Restoration of of Preservetion and Restoration of

Cultural Property

Advisory BodiesAdvisory Bodies

ICOMOSICOMOS

The Intenational Council on Monuments and SitesMonuments and Sites

The World Conservation Union (IUCN)(IUCN)

The World Heritage CommitteeThe World Heritage Committee

• Cultural Heritage• Cultural Heritage

• Natural Heritage

Cultural Heritage

•MONUMENTS•MONUMENTS

• GROUPS OF BUILDING• GROUPS OF BUILDING

• SITES

Oustanding Universal Value

• HISTORICAL• HISTORICAL

• AESTHETIC• AESTHETIC

• SCIENTIFC

• ANTHROPOLOGICAL• ANTHROPOLOGICAL

NATURAL HERITAGE:NATURAL HERITAGE:

• natural features consisting of physical and biological formations or groups of such formations, which are of outstanding

• natural features consisting of physical and biological formations or groups of such formations, which are of outstanding

universal value from the aesthetic or scientific point of view;

• geological and physiographical formations and precisely • geological and physiographical formations and precisely delineated areas which constitute the habitat of threatened species of animals and plants of outstanding universal value

from the point of view of science or conservation;from the point of view of science or conservation;

• natural sites or precisely delineated natural areas of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science, outstanding universal value from the point of view of science,

conservation or natural beauty

Selection Criteria

Authencity Authencity Authencity Authencity Authencity Authencity Authencity Authencity

Selection Criteria

• to represent a masterpiece of humancreative geniuscreative genius

Selection Criteria

• To bear a unique or at least exceptional• To bear a unique or at least exceptionaltestimony to a cultural tradition or to acivilization which is living or which hascivilization which is living or which hasdisappeared;

• to be an outstanding example of a type ofbuilding, architectural or technologicalto be an outstanding example of a type ofbuilding, architectural or technologicalensemble or landscape which illustrates (a)significant stage(s) in human historysignificant stage(s) in human history

Selection Criteria

• to be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a

culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of

irreversible change

to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding

universal significance. (The Committee universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably

be used in conjunction with other criteriabe used in conjunction with other criteria

Selection Criteria

• to contain superlative natural phenomena or • to contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and

aesthetic importanceaesthetic importance

• to be outstanding examples representing • to be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic or significant geomorphic or physiographic

features

• to be outstanding examples representing • to be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and ecosystems and communities of plants and

animals;

Integrity Integrity Integrity Integrity Integrity Integrity Integrity Integrity

to contain the most important and to contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, conservation of biological diversity,

including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or from the point of view of science or

conservation.

The World HeritageThe World Heritage

The World HeritageThe World Heritage

includesincludes

878 Sites

The World HeritageThe World Heritage

• 679 Cultural properties• 679 Cultural properties

• 174 Natural properties

• 25 Mixed properties • 25 Mixed properties

In 145 States

185 States Parties have ratified the World 185 States Parties have ratified the World Heritage Convention

List of World Heritage in Danger List of World Heritage in Danger

30 properties