•Europe before Transatlantic TravelI.Greek and Roman Government

A.Greek Philosophers and Governmenti.Ancient Greeks valued _____________ and believed in the power of the human mind to ____________, _____________ and understand ____________.ii.Three great thinkers:

1.Socratesa.A great ________________b.Thought people should ____________ their own beliefs.1.Platoa.A ____________ and a _____________b.Thought society should be based on ____________ and _______________ for everyone.1.Aristotlea.A ______________ and expert in many areasb.Thought people should live their lives based on ____________.

The Middle Ages

c. Other subjects gained fame:1. Geometry: accurately calculating the

size of ____________2. Medicine: studying the human

____________3. ______________: devices to water

fields4. Politics:

1. Dividing a large area into independent ________________.

2. Establishing _______________2. Roman Law and Government

a. Democratic Government5. Elected _________________6. Written _______________7. Influenced other _________________

around the world.

Feudalism– Feudalism

» Kings gave out _____________ to noblemen in return for _____________

» _____________ would subdivide that land and give it to ___________ in return for ________________

» _______________ would give very tiny plots of land to _____________ who had almost no rights or privileges

» 480s. Franks conquered Gaul (present day _____________) and created a huge ________________

» 800s, ________________ began to attack these European settlements, kings had trouble defending empire.

» _______________ had to protect themselves and their ____________.

» Nobles gained ____________ and kings lost _____________

» Feudalism promoted ____________________________________ but the ______________________ helped to unify them.

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The Feudal SystemIn most of medieval Europe, society was dependent on the "feudal" system, which was based on allocation of land in return for service. The king would give out grants of land to his most important noblemen (barons and bishops), and each noble would have to promise to loyally follow him and supply him with soldiers in time of war.

They did this at a special - kneeling before the king, he swore an oath with the words "Sire, I become your man.“

The nobles then divided their land among lower lords, or knights who also had to become their vassals(servants).

In the lowest spot in society sat the peasants who worked on the land itself. They had almost no rights, tiny pieces of property - and no vassals.

Crusades

The CrusadesLate 1000sMuslim Turks were controlling access to ____________ (holy land for Christians)Christians could no longer safely take _________________ to their holy landThe ___________ was preaching about recapturing the holy landChristians began a series of wars with the Muslims that lasted almost _____________ years.Failure for the _________.Effects of the crusades:

Need for creation and movement of supplies and men led to a dramatic increase in _____________________.Began breaking down _____________________ because people would sell land to help with war efforts.

Travel, Trade and TownsAbout AD 1000_________ grew in size_________ technology improvedTravel became saferKingdoms became _____________ (organized political units with a central government)Mongols made Silk Road (from _________ to _____________)Trade routes spread (especially from __________to Africa and Asia)People began bringing in ___________ from various countries.Black Death

Spread via _____ travelling for trade_________ spread through EuropeKilled more than _______of populationResults: very few people meant few workersPeople moved to cities, which began to _____.Trade began to ________ again.

Black Death, 1347-1351

• The Plague• The Bubonic Plague• Black Plague• Great Pestilence • Great Mortality• Great Plaguehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9IjhQDnoCcY

Travel, Trade and Towns» About AD 1000» _________ grew in size» _________ technology improved» Travel became safer» Kingdoms became _____________ (organized political units with a

central government)» Mongols made Silk Road (from _________ to _____________)» Trade routes spread (especially from __________to Africa and Asia)» People began bringing in ___________ from various countries.» Black Death

• Spread via _____ travelling for trade• _________ spread through Europe• Killed more than _______of population• Results: very few people meant few workers• People moved to cities, which began to _____.• Trade began to ________ again.

Artist: Gianlorenzo Bernini

Title: David

Date Created: 1623

Where you can see it: Galleria Borghese, Rome, Italy

David

The Last Supper Artist: Leonardo da Vinci

Title: The Last Supper

Where you can find it: Santa Maria della Grazie, Milan, Italy

Date Created: late 15th century

Artist: Leonardo Da Vinci

Title: Mona Lisa

Year created: c1506

Where you can see it: Louvre Museum, Paris, France

Mona Lisa

Creation of Adam, Date Created: circa 1511Where you can see it: Sistine Chapel ceiling, Vatican City, Italy

Artist: MichelangeloDavidDate Created: 1504Where you can see it: Accademia Gallery in Florence, Italy

Sandro Botticelli, Madonna of the Magnifocatc.1485Tempera on Panel, diameter 118 cmGalleria degli Uffizi, Florence

RenaissanceSearch for Knowledge

Time when people developed a love of _________ and __________Search for _____________ in ______, __________, _________, __________.Italian artists

______________________ ______________________

Dante: _____________Scientific and mathematical advancesInventions:

Printing Press___________________

Economic Changes affect ___________Rise in ____________, which is a system that unifies and increases the power and wealth of a nationBanks are formed______________ are formed