EUROPE BEFORE WWI EUROPE AFTER WWI

Factors leading to Rise of Dictators

Treaty of Versailles

Economic Problems

________ Republic

Lost Faith in ___________

League of Nations

use of ___________

U.S. President

Wilson

French Prime Minister

Clemenceau

Italian Prime

Minister Orlando

British Prime

Minister George

“Big Four”

RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY__________________ is a

“Totalitarian” government which:

Glorifies the state

___ leader and one party

Society controlled by the government

No opposition/protests are tolerated

________________ and _______________ widely practiced

Anti-Democratic

Benito Mussolini - 1922

Est. Fascism

Joined Germany in 1940

BENITO MUSSOLINI – “IL DUCE”

•1922 – “March on _____”

•“Blackshirts”

•Expected loyalty to Italy

•“Believe, Obey, Fight”

•14 ________= medal

•Educate youth

•“Sons of the Wolf”

•Expansion

•“Survival of the Fittest”

STALIN’S COMMUNIST RUSSIA•1924 – Lenin died•Power struggle between Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky•1928 – Stalin is leader•“_____________________”

•Make USSR modern•Oil/Coal/Steel•“Collective Farms”

•Peasants forced to join

•Peasants resisted

•“Terror Famine”

•“Gulags”

STALIN’S COMMUNIST RUSSIA•1934 – “_____________”

Characteristics of Communism•“Classless society”•Society controlled by gov’t•Terror•Censorship•Propaganda•“___________________”•Opposite of capitalism

•“_________________”

FRANCISCO FRANCO’S SPAIN•1931 – Spanish Civil War

•“Nationalists” – Franco•Germany/Italy began sending soldiers/supplies to Franco•Guernica

•“weapons experiment”•Pablo Picasso

Japanese Expansionism_____________ = Emperor

Hideki ______ = Minister of War

Issei – foreign-born Japanese in U.S. before 1924

_______ – children of Issei born in U.S.

1931 -- Japan invaded Manchuria

Raw Materials

living space

1937 – Japan attacked ___________ – WWII in Asia

Hirohito

Tojo

Rise of Nazi Germany•Fought for Germany in WWI

•“Iron Cross”

•7th member of ____ Party

•1921 – leader of Nazi

Party

•Pledged to correct

Germany’s problems

Rise of Nazi Germany•1923 – Beer Hall Putsch

•Failed•Hitler thrown into jail•“___________________”

•__________ Race•Hatred of Jews/Commies•____________________•Blamed Germany’s problems on T of V (Stab in the Back Theory), Jews, Commies, Weimar Republic•Nazi Bible

•1925 – 25K Nazis

Rise of Nazi Germany•10/29/1929 – “Black _______”•1929 – 180K Nazis•Economic crisis helped pave

way for Hitler/Nazis•1932 – Nazi Party – largest in

___________________•1/30 1933 – Von Hindenburg

appoints Hitler as ________•Hitler put people to work in

armament factories and

public works programs

Great Depression and High Unemployment and led to a dramatic increase in votes for Hitler

and the Nazi Party

Election date Votes in millions

%

May 20, 1928 0.81 2.6

September 14, 1930

6.41 18.3

July 31, 1932 13.75 37.3

November 6, 1932

11.74 33.1

March 5, 1933

17.28 43.9

Rise of Nazi Germany•Feb 1933 – Reichstag Fire

•“Russian Terrorism or Nazi Propaganda???”

•3/23/1933 – ______________•“Law for Removing the Distress

of the People and the Reich”

•Symbolic beginning of dictatorship

•Censorship

•“_____” – motto – “My honor is called loyalty”

•Hitler’s “Praetorian Guard”

•Gestapo

•“HJ’

•6/30/1934 – Night of __________

Rise of Nazi Germany•8/2/1934 – Von Hindenburg

dies•“_______________” takes over•“Today Germany, Tomorrow the World”

•8/19/1934 – ______% approval in plebescite vote

HITLER’S TREATMENT OF JEWS•1935 – _________________ Laws•11/9/1938 – _________________•1941 – “Einsatzgruppen”•1942 – _____________ Conference