European Explorers and Settlements European Explorers and Settlements Pages 92-100Pages 92-100

•Why did European explorers come to America?Why did European explorers come to America?–Most came looking for the 3 G’s: ____, _____, or ___.Most came looking for the 3 G’s: ____, _____, or ___.

•The Renaissance had inspired Europeans to start to explore.The Renaissance had inspired Europeans to start to explore.–Because there was no such thing as refrigeration, Europeans Because there was no such thing as refrigeration, Europeans needed ways to improve the flavor of their food.needed ways to improve the flavor of their food.

•Food tasted usually one or more of the three S’s: _____, ______, or Food tasted usually one or more of the three S’s: _____, ______, or ______. What do you think Europeans wanted to change this?______. What do you think Europeans wanted to change this?•Clothing was either made out of wool or flax (plant fibers) making it Clothing was either made out of wool or flax (plant fibers) making it scratchy. What do you think Europeans wanted to change this?scratchy. What do you think Europeans wanted to change this?

–The first European explorers were trying to find an all water route to The first European explorers were trying to find an all water route to Europe. Europe.

•By the time they arrived in South Carolina they were looking to establish By the time they arrived in South Carolina they were looking to establish colonies for colonies for mercantilismmercantilism. .

Standard 8-1: Standard 8-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South Carolina and the United States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. Carolina and the United States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.3 Summarize the history of European settlement in Carolina from the first attempts to settle at San Miguel de Gualdape, Charlesfort, San Felipe, and Albemarle Point to the time of South Carolina’s establishment as an economically important British colony, including the diverse origins of the settlers, the early government, the importance of the plantation system and slavery, and the impact of the natural environment on the development of the colony. (H, G, P, E)

Find: Great Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal

Early Explorers Early Explorers Page 95Page 95

• Most educated people believed that the Most educated people believed that the EarthEarth was was ______.______.– So So Columbus’sColumbus’s idea about sailing across the Atlantic to idea about sailing across the Atlantic to

get to India was not a new idea, he was just the get to India was not a new idea, he was just the first to first to attemptattempt it. it.

– When he returned to Europe and reported his findings When he returned to Europe and reported his findings he inspired other explorers to try it.he inspired other explorers to try it.

• An Italian sailing for An Italian sailing for EnglandEngland, , John CabotJohn Cabot (a.k.a. (a.k.a. Giovanni Caboto), gave England a claim to new Giovanni Caboto), gave England a claim to new land when he claimed ______________.land when he claimed ______________.

• While the Spanish sent the most explorers to the While the Spanish sent the most explorers to the New WorldNew World, Spain focused on Mexico, South , Spain focused on Mexico, South America, and the Caribbean because of the gold America, and the Caribbean because of the gold and silver they were finding there. and silver they were finding there. – English, French, and Dutch came to North America for English, French, and Dutch came to North America for

other reasons, such as, trading in furs, or setting up other reasons, such as, trading in furs, or setting up religious colonies, and plantation colonies. religious colonies, and plantation colonies.

John Cabot a.k.aGiovanni Caboto

Christopher Columbus

Early Explorers of South CarolinaEarly Explorers of South Carolina Page 95-96 Page 95-96

• The first explorer from The first explorer from SpainSpain to explore South to explore South Carolina was _______ _________in 1521.Carolina was _______ _________in 1521.– They sailed north from Florida and landed about mid-They sailed north from Florida and landed about mid-

state giving Spain a claim of _____ _______.state giving Spain a claim of _____ _______.

• In 1524, an Italian sailor, sailing for France, In 1524, an Italian sailor, sailing for France, _______ __ ________ sighted land just north of _______ __ ________ sighted land just north of _____ _____ while looking for a water route to _____ _____ while looking for a water route to ____. ____. – This gave ______ a claim to South Carolina.This gave ______ a claim to South Carolina.

• The most famous explorer to visit South Carolina The most famous explorer to visit South Carolina was the Spaniard ________ ______.was the Spaniard ________ ______.– He stayed in South Carolina for about two weeks, He stayed in South Carolina for about two weeks,

perhaps making him the first __________ to visit SC. perhaps making him the first __________ to visit SC.

The Early Settlements The Early Settlements Pages 96-98Pages 96-98

• In 1526, the Spanish had already tried to settle in In 1526, the Spanish had already tried to settle in South Carolina.South Carolina.– The Spaniard The Spaniard De AyllonDe Ayllon established a settlement called established a settlement called

___________________.___________________.• It is not known where the exact location was, it may have been It is not known where the exact location was, it may have been

in present-day ___________ or near ____________, SC.in present-day ___________ or near ____________, SC.

• Six hundred settlers (some African slaves) lasted Six hundred settlers (some African slaves) lasted a few weeks until the food ran out.a few weeks until the food ran out.– Local Indians refused to help, probably because about Local Indians refused to help, probably because about

150 Indians had been taken as slaves.150 Indians had been taken as slaves.– De AyllonDe Ayllon died leaving no leader to control the people. died leaving no leader to control the people.– A ______ revolt (the first in North America) was the next A ______ revolt (the first in North America) was the next

problem to hurt the settlement.problem to hurt the settlement.– A very cold winter and A very cold winter and diseasesdiseases then further doomed then further doomed

the settlement. the settlement. – By the time it was over only 150 settlers were left in By the time it was over only 150 settlers were left in San San

Miguel de GualdapeMiguel de Gualdape; they soon left.; they soon left.• It would be 40 years before another European settlement was It would be 40 years before another European settlement was

attempted in North America. attempted in North America.

Lucas De AyllonGiovanni da Verrazano

Hernando de Soto

Find: North America, South America, Europe, Find: North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and AntarcticaAsia, Africa, Australia, and Antarctica

French Settlements French Settlements Pages 98Pages 98• Thirty-five years after the Spanish settlement of Thirty-five years after the Spanish settlement of

__________________ failed a group of ___________ __________________ failed a group of ___________ established a settlement.established a settlement.– The first French settlement was located at what is today _______ The first French settlement was located at what is today _______

_______, near _________._______, near _________.– ______ ________ was the leader of a group of French Protestants, ______ ________ was the leader of a group of French Protestants,

or ____________.or ____________.– Ribault had not planned on building a settlement, but his men Ribault had not planned on building a settlement, but his men

enthusiastically supported the idea.enthusiastically supported the idea.• They named the settlement ______________, after the king of France They named the settlement ______________, after the king of France

and they named the waters around the fort ____ _______.and they named the waters around the fort ____ _______.

• _______ left in June promising to return after he explored _______ left in June promising to return after he explored some other areas.some other areas.– Thirty men were left behind, when _________ did not return the men Thirty men were left behind, when _________ did not return the men

feared they had been abandon and built a boat. feared they had been abandon and built a boat. BAD IDEA!BAD IDEA!• Their food and water soon ran out, they soon had to start eating their Their food and water soon ran out, they soon had to start eating their

shoes and jackets.shoes and jackets.• They then drew straws and the loser was ______; they were rescued They then drew straws and the loser was ______; they were rescued

before a second man was killed and eaten.before a second man was killed and eaten.

• A second French settlement in Florida was destroyed by A second French settlement in Florida was destroyed by the Spanish in 1564, the French would not try to build the Spanish in 1564, the French would not try to build another settlement in _____ _______ for 40 years.another settlement in _____ _______ for 40 years.

Spanish Settlements Spanish Settlements Pages 98Pages 98• In 1565 the Spanish built a permanent settlement at In 1565 the Spanish built a permanent settlement at

_____________, Florida (this is the oldest city in the US)._____________, Florida (this is the oldest city in the US).– To keep the French and English out the Spanish needed other forts, so To keep the French and English out the Spanish needed other forts, so

they returned to ______ ________.they returned to ______ ________.

• In 1566, at the same location of where _________ had been In 1566, at the same location of where _________ had been built the Spanish built ___ ______.built the Spanish built ___ ______.– The fort would last for ten years and the Spanish explored the interior of The fort would last for ten years and the Spanish explored the interior of

South Carolina.South Carolina.• In July 1576, Indians attacked the fort and the Spanish were forced to In July 1576, Indians attacked the fort and the Spanish were forced to

flee to _________________.flee to _________________.

• A year later in 1577 the Spanish returned and built ____ A year later in 1577 the Spanish returned and built ____ _________ on the same spot at _____ _______._________ on the same spot at _____ _______.– From this fort the Spanish traded with the Indians, and tried to fulfill the From this fort the Spanish traded with the Indians, and tried to fulfill the

____ part of the 3 G’s.____ part of the 3 G’s.• Missionaries tried to convert the Indians to Missionaries tried to convert the Indians to ChristianityChristianity..

– Fort San Marcos was successful and it seemed that the _________ had Fort San Marcos was successful and it seemed that the _________ had built a permanent settlement in ______ _________.built a permanent settlement in ______ _________.• WRONG!WRONG!

• The English led by Sir ______ ________ attacked and The English led by Sir ______ ________ attacked and burned _______________.burned _______________.– The Spanish decided to leave _____ __________ and return and rebuild St. The Spanish decided to leave _____ __________ and return and rebuild St.

Augustine; there would not be another settlement in ______ _________ for Augustine; there would not be another settlement in ______ _________ for 83 years.83 years.

English Settlements English Settlements Pages 98Pages 98

• The The EnglishEnglish would not try to make a settlement in South would not try to make a settlement in South Carolina 83 years after the last Spanish attempt. Carolina 83 years after the last Spanish attempt. – However the English were busy exploring North America and However the English were busy exploring North America and

searching for a searching for a Northwest PassageNorthwest Passage to Asia. to Asia.• England was interested in settling North America, but were not England was interested in settling North America, but were not

strong enough the strong enough the SpanishSpanish could stop them. could stop them.– England allowed its “England allowed its “SeahawksSeahawks” to raid Spanish treasure ships and ” to raid Spanish treasure ships and

attack its settlements in the Caribbean.attack its settlements in the Caribbean.• Privateers Privateers Sir Francis DrakeSir Francis Drake, Sir Humphrie Gilbert, and , Sir Humphrie Gilbert, and Sir Walter Sir Walter

RaleighRaleigh became famous throughout Europe for their attacks. became famous throughout Europe for their attacks.– In reward for his service Raleigh convinced Queen ___________ to In reward for his service Raleigh convinced Queen ___________ to

grant him land in ______ ________ so he could start a settlement.grant him land in ______ ________ so he could start a settlement.• This begins the English attempting to settle in North America.This begins the English attempting to settle in North America.

• RaleighRaleigh tried three different times to establish a settlement. tried three different times to establish a settlement.– In 1587 Raleigh established a colony on In 1587 Raleigh established a colony on Roanoke IslandRoanoke Island..

• Raleigh left promising to return bringing supplies and settlers.Raleigh left promising to return bringing supplies and settlers.– War broke out between War broke out between Spain and EnglandSpain and England; Raleigh would not ; Raleigh would not

return for three years.return for three years.» When they returned they found the colony abandon and no sign of the When they returned they found the colony abandon and no sign of the

settlers, today, known as the “_____ ______” of Roanoke.settlers, today, known as the “_____ ______” of Roanoke. – The failure of Roanoke and Raleigh falling out of favor with the The failure of Roanoke and Raleigh falling out of favor with the

queen queen ended the English plansended the English plans for about 20 years. for about 20 years.

Settlement of America Settlement of America Pages 101-111Pages 101-111

•During the 1600s, ______ established During the 1600s, ______ established permanent settlementspermanent settlements along the coast along the coast of the New World.of the New World.

•By the end of the 1600s the English By the end of the 1600s the English had __ colonies along the Atlantic had __ colonies along the Atlantic Coastline.Coastline.

Standard 8-1: Standard 8-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South Carolina and the United States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. Carolina and the United States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.3 Summarize the history of European settlement in Carolina from the first attempts to 8-1.3 Summarize the history of European settlement in Carolina from the first attempts to settle at San Miguel de Gualdape, Charlesfort, San Felipe, and Albemarle Point to the time of settle at San Miguel de Gualdape, Charlesfort, San Felipe, and Albemarle Point to the time of South Carolina’s establishment as an economically important British colony, including the South Carolina’s establishment as an economically important British colony, including the diverse origins of the settlers, the early government, the importance of the plantation system diverse origins of the settlers, the early government, the importance of the plantation system and slavery, and the impact of the natural environment on the development of the colony. (H, and slavery, and the impact of the natural environment on the development of the colony. (H, G, P, E) G, P, E)

VirginiaVirginia Pages 102-104 Pages 102-104

• After the failure of After the failure of RoanokeRoanoke, the _______ waited , the _______ waited seventeen years before they tried to start another seventeen years before they tried to start another colony in North America.colony in North America.– The The Virginia CompanyVirginia Company received a ______ from King received a ______ from King

James I to establish two settlements on the land James I to establish two settlements on the land between Canada and Florida.between Canada and Florida.• The first settlement in Maine failed, the second settlement on the The first settlement in Maine failed, the second settlement on the

_______ River succeeded. _______ River succeeded.

• The first English colony to succeed in America was The first English colony to succeed in America was called ___________.called ___________.– The settlers came looking for ____ and ______, and did The settlers came looking for ____ and ______, and did

not focus on planting crops for food or building houses. not focus on planting crops for food or building houses. • When the winter came they almost starved and froze to death. When the winter came they almost starved and froze to death.

• There were three types of colonies in North America: There were three types of colonies in North America: Trading-postTrading-post, , PlantationPlantation, , and Settlerand Settler..– Virginia became a __________ colony because the Virginia became a __________ colony because the

people were allowed to own land.people were allowed to own land.

VirginiaVirginia Pages 102-104 Pages 102-104

• By 1612 Virginia was shipping __________ to England By 1612 Virginia was shipping __________ to England and it soon became the backbone of Virginia’s and it soon became the backbone of Virginia’s economy and the first ________.economy and the first ________.

• Virginia also allowed Virginia also allowed indentured servitudeindentured servitude..– The first Africans to arrive in Virginia were The first Africans to arrive in Virginia were

supposed to be ________ _________, but were supposed to be ________ _________, but were bamboozled by there masters.bamboozled by there masters.• Within twenty years they had been made slaves by Within twenty years they had been made slaves by

____, thus starting legalized slavery in English North ____, thus starting legalized slavery in English North America.America.

• In 1619, Jamestown established the first In 1619, Jamestown established the first colonial __________ to help administer the colonial __________ to help administer the colony. colony. – For thirteen years Virginia was the only colony, For thirteen years Virginia was the only colony,

that would change by 1620.that would change by 1620.

New EnglandNew England Pages 104-106 Pages 104-106• Religion and Religion and religious freedomreligious freedom motivating factors for several English motivating factors for several English

colonies. colonies. – A split (schism) occurred in the Church of England (Anglican); one group A split (schism) occurred in the Church of England (Anglican); one group

wanted to ______ the church and take it away from Catholicism.wanted to ______ the church and take it away from Catholicism.• The group that wanted to purify the church were known as the ______.The group that wanted to purify the church were known as the ______.

• One group of Puritans wanted to completely separate from the Church One group of Puritans wanted to completely separate from the Church of England; they were given the name _________ but when they of England; they were given the name _________ but when they decided to leave for the New World they were wrongly called ______.decided to leave for the New World they were wrongly called ______.– 1620 they received money from the Virginia Company to settle in ________.1620 they received money from the Virginia Company to settle in ________.

• A storm blew their ship, the ___________, off course and they landed in A storm blew their ship, the ___________, off course and they landed in what is now _____________ and started a settlement they called what is now _____________ and started a settlement they called ___________.___________.

• Nine years later another group of Puritans, looking to escape Nine years later another group of Puritans, looking to escape religious religious persecutionpersecution, arrived settling the what they called the Massachusetts , arrived settling the what they called the Massachusetts Bay Colony.Bay Colony.– The puritans established a __________ or government based on religious The puritans established a __________ or government based on religious

authority.authority.• Other colonies such as (Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Other colonies such as (Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New

Hampshire also were settled.Hampshire also were settled.– Because of the climate and the rocky soil, the people that lived in these Because of the climate and the rocky soil, the people that lived in these

colonies often lived on small farms and grew __________ crops. colonies often lived on small farms and grew __________ crops. • Because they did not grow Because they did not grow cash cropscash crops these colonies are called these colonies are called Settler Settler

coloniescolonies. .

MarylandMaryland Pages 107-108 Pages 107-108

• Another religious group, _____ ________, had also been Another religious group, _____ ________, had also been persecuted in England.persecuted in England.– Maryland started as a settlement colony founded by Maryland started as a settlement colony founded by

Lord __________.Lord __________.• Maryland did not remain a Catholic settlement colony long; Maryland did not remain a Catholic settlement colony long;

the rich farmland was good for growing _________.the rich farmland was good for growing _________.– Soon the Catholics were outnumbered by __________.Soon the Catholics were outnumbered by __________.• The larger Protestant population was challenging the The larger Protestant population was challenging the

authority of the Catholics. authority of the Catholics. – Fearing a Protestant take over and a loss of ______ Fearing a Protestant take over and a loss of ______

_______, Lord Baltimore appealed to the king for _______, Lord Baltimore appealed to the king for protection.protection.

» To protect the religious rights of the Catholics the To protect the religious rights of the Catholics the king created the _____________________ of 1649.king created the _____________________ of 1649.

» This is the first piece of legislation to protect This is the first piece of legislation to protect religious freedomsreligious freedoms in North America. in North America.

Other ColoniesOther Colonies Pages 108-110 Pages 108-110• One of the earliest colonies in North America not created by the One of the earliest colonies in North America not created by the

English or Spanish was ___ __________.English or Spanish was ___ __________.– The _______ were looking for a base to trade with the Indians when The _______ were looking for a base to trade with the Indians when

they established the colony on Manhattan Island in 1626; set up as they established the colony on Manhattan Island in 1626; set up as a trading post colony.a trading post colony.• The English and the Dutch fought a war in 1650 it lasted for ten The English and the Dutch fought a war in 1650 it lasted for ten

years the English gained control of the Dutch colony and years the English gained control of the Dutch colony and renamed it ___ ____ creating a renamed it ___ ____ creating a royal colonyroyal colony under direct control under direct control by the king.by the king.

• Another colony started by Sweden was ___ _____.Another colony started by Sweden was ___ _____.– The Dutch forcibly took over the colony from the Swedish and The Dutch forcibly took over the colony from the Swedish and

renamed it ___ _____ it would also become an English possession renamed it ___ _____ it would also become an English possession as a settlement colony.as a settlement colony.

• West of New Jersey would be a colony establish by a radical puritan West of New Jersey would be a colony establish by a radical puritan group known as the _______.group known as the _______.– They believed in equality for all regardless of race.They believed in equality for all regardless of race.

• The founder was Roger Penn and the colony would come to be The founder was Roger Penn and the colony would come to be called _______________; also set up as a settlement colony.called _______________; also set up as a settlement colony.

• The final of what are called the The final of what are called the Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies was __________. was __________.– It was created out of the lower counties of Pennsylvania.It was created out of the lower counties of Pennsylvania.– These middle colonies were know as the breadbasket of the These middle colonies were know as the breadbasket of the

colonies because their farms were larger and they produced the colonies because their farms were larger and they produced the majority of wheat being grown in North America.majority of wheat being grown in North America.

Find: Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, SwedenFind: Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, Sweden

North CarolinaNorth Carolina Page 110 Page 110

• Before 1650 no colonies existed Before 1650 no colonies existed south of _______.south of _______.

–The first settlement in North The first settlement in North Carolina was a trading post.Carolina was a trading post.

•Other settlers followed and land Other settlers followed and land grants were issued for grants were issued for settlement.settlement.

•Early on North Carolina was a Early on North Carolina was a settlement colony.settlement colony.

Governing the ColoniesGoverning the Colonies Pages 111 Pages 111

• Three types of governments existed in the ______ Three types of governments existed in the ______ colonies. colonies.

• The first type _____ _______ under direct control The first type _____ _______ under direct control of the king.of the king.– The king appointed all governors, councils, and could The king appointed all governors, councils, and could

reject any ___ passed by their legislatures.reject any ___ passed by their legislatures.• Most colonies were royal colonies.Most colonies were royal colonies.

• The second type was _________ colony.The second type was _________ colony.– This type of colony a group of proprietors received This type of colony a group of proprietors received

ownership for the king; they charged the settlers in the ownership for the king; they charged the settlers in the colony rent and in turn had to pay rent to the ___.colony rent and in turn had to pay rent to the ___.• One of the proprietors usually acted as ________.One of the proprietors usually acted as ________.

– MD, PA, NC and SC were all proprietary colonies.MD, PA, NC and SC were all proprietary colonies.

• The third type was called a _____________ colony.The third type was called a _____________ colony.– The king had or took no control over the colony and the The king had or took no control over the colony and the

people in the colony chose their leaders and laws people in the colony chose their leaders and laws without the king’s interference.without the king’s interference.• Only Rhode Island would have this luxury.Only Rhode Island would have this luxury.

Identify: South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Massachusetts, New Identify: South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Rhode Island, Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Maryland Connecticut, Maryland