european high -level roundtable on housing · catalonia, madrid, balearic and canary islands....

’17European High-Level Roundtable on HousingJoining forces the gap in affordable, adequate, energy efficient housing

Fco. Javier Martín Ramiro. General Director for Architecture, Housing and Urban Policy

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1. Background2. Housing in Spain: Diagnosis and Challenges3. Action Plan: Emergency + Durable Solutions4. Integrated Measures based on Cooperation5. Sustainable habitat context

Approach

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Administrative and Financing Framework:

National framework. Right to Adequate Housing (art. 47CE). Base-regulation of economic activity.

Essential financing and programs at national level.

Housing policies, specific regulation andimplementation at regional level.

The real problems and consequences has to be facedby municipalities

1. Background

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The structure of the housing market in Spain is very different fromthe average of the EU in terms of the tenure status and the socialhousing stock.

1. Background

22.9

30.7

48.6

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0 Tenants(% Population)

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1. Background

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

Total annual amount of built housing in Spain(1962-2018)

Social/Subsidized Housing Market Housing

More than 5.8 millions of units of social/subsidized housing werebuilt in Spain during the period 1962-2018 (32,3%).

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1. Background

4,181

3460

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Vivienda Propiedad Vivienda Alquiler

Construcción Vivienda Protegida Según Régimen Tenencia (2018)

Specifically, social housing for rent is very weak: in 2018, 346 housing units for rent were built, ten times less than the amount of subsidized housing for sale.

68,587

5,1670

10,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Vivienda Protegida Terminada (Calificación Definitiva)The construction of social housing has

collapsed in recent years, aggravatingthe situation of social crisis.

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2. Housing in Spain: Diagnosis and Challenges

30

17.616.8

2.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35 Social housing stock (%)

Social Housing supply:Social housing stock in Spain gives support to less than 2.5% of households.

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High demand of rental housing and vulnerability:Mostly derived from high levels of unemployment, precarious work and restriction to credit.

67.667.6

62.159.6 59.0

76.9 76.278.0 74.3

73.9

80.579.6 80.4 80.7

81.9

83.785.0 85.6 85.1

85.5

90.0

91.6 91.389.7 90.4

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

%

Owners, distributed by income quintile (% population)

1 Quintil 2 Quintil 3 Quintil 4 Quintil 5 Quintil

OECD

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High demand of rental housing and vulnerability:Specifically, young people have become one of the most vulnerable groups.

41.9

73.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Households who live in a rental housing, by age(%)

Total 16-29 años 30-44 años 45-64 años 65 años o más

INE. Life Conditions Survey

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Rental housing prices:In Spain, 42.1% of households spend more than 40% of disposable income on rent (at market price).

42.1

26.3

0102030405060708090

Housing cost overburden rate Tenant, rent at market price

(%)

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High demand of rental housing and vulnerability:Evictions in rental housing have increased significantly in the last two years (≈ 5% of annual growth).

INE. Life Conditions Survey

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

2015 2016 2017 2018

Annual amount of Evictions: Mortgage / Rental

Mortage Rental

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-40.0%

-30.0%

-20.0%

-10.0%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

IV-0

6I-0

7II-

07III-

07IV

-07

I-08

II-08

III-08

IV-0

8I-0

9II-

09III-

09IV

-09

I-10

II-10

III-10

IV-1

0I-1

1II-

11III-

11IV

-11

I-12

II-12

III-12

IV-1

2I-1

3II-

13III-

13IV

-13

I-14

II-14

III-14

IV-1

4I-1

5II-

15III-

15IV

-15

I-16

II-16

III-16

IV-1

6I-1

7II-

17III-

17IV

-17

I-18

II-18

III-18

IV-1

8I-1

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Catalonia, Madrid, Balearic and Canary IslandsRental Prices, % (IV-06 a I-19)

Baleares Canarias Cataluña Madrid España

Rental housing prices:In some locations, where demand for rent and touristic activity is higher, rental housing prices have exceeded their maximums.

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3. Action Plan: Emergency + Durable Solutions

Increase the supply of affordable housing for rent, to giveresponse to the growing demand in some territorial areas:

Promote the public-private partnership.

Offer greater support to the most vulnerable groups:

State Aids more focused in target households.

Give more balance to the rental market:

Reform the regulation on contracts. Rights and duties.

Improvement in market information and transparency:

Reinforce the Housing and Land Observatory.

More tools to deal with the housing touristic rental activity:

Regional law - Local Plan - Homeowners Communities.

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4. Integrated Measures based on Cooperation

Main tools to face the challenges: State Housing Plan 2018-2021. Review the programs

and incorporate new aids programs for specific needs. Interministerial working group to jointly address the

housing sector requirements. Urgent Measures: RDL 7/2019, 1st march. National Rental Index. Transparency on the market. A Housing Building Plan, for social and affordable rental

in specific locations. Leverage tools. Strengthen the role of public bodies

(SEPES, ICO) and private sector in housing policies. Housing National Act. Legal Security on Urban Planning National Act.

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Davos DeclarationBaukultur and buit environment

“Baukultur embraces every human activity that changes the builtenvironment. The whole built environment, including everydesigned and built asset that is embedded in and relates to thenatural environment, is to be understood as a single entity.Baukultur encompasses existing buildings, including monuments andother elements of cultural heritage, as well as the design andconstruction of contemporary buildings, infrastructure, publicspaces and landscapes.

In addition to architectural, structural and landscape design and itsmaterial realisation, Baukultur is also expressed in the planningprocesses for building projects, infrastructures, cities, villages, andopen landscape.”

5. Sustainable habitat context

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Spanish Urban Agenda

2030 Agenda SustainableDevelopment

SDG 11Make cities and human settlements inclusive,

safe, resilient and sustainable

All countries in United Nations

Approved in September2015

17 GoalsSustainableDevelopment


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Spanish Urban Agenda

Goals

S.G.1. Order the territory and make a rational use of the soil, conserveit and protect it.

S.G.2. Avoid urban sprawl and revitalize the existing city.

S.G.3. Prevent and reduce the effects of climate change.

S.G.4. Make a sustainable management of resources and favor the circulareconomy.

S.G.5. Favor proximity and sustainable mobility.

S.G.6. Promote social cohesion and seek equity.

S.G.7. Promote and favor the urban economy.

S.G.8. Guarantee access to housing.

S.G.9. Lead and promote digital innovation.

S.G.10. Improve intervention instruments and governance.


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Demographic challenge, depopulation

“The design of the built environment, the relationshipsbetween objects and their built and natural surroundings,spatial coherence, scale, materiality: these are all factorswhich have a direct impact on our quality of life”(Davos declaration)


’17European High-Level Roundtable on HousingJoining forces the gap in affordable, adequate, energy efficient housing

Fco. Javier Martín Ramiro. General Director for Architecture, Housing and Urban Policy

Thanks for your attention

european high -level roundtable on housing · catalonia, madrid, balearic and canary islands....

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