THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

European Red List of Birds

Supplementary Material

The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife

International (2015).

ContentsReported national population sizes and trends p. 2Trend maps of reported national population data p. 4Sources of reported national population data p. 6Species factsheet bibliography p. 11

Recommended citationBirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

Further informationhttp://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlisthttp://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europehttp://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/

Data requests and feedbackTo request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email science@birdlife.org.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1.Country (or territory)2

Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant)Size (calling/lekking

males)3Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality

Albania 0-50 <1 2002-2012 poor ? ? Andorra 15-30 <1 1999-2001 poor ? ? Armenia 200-400 <1 2002-2012 medium ? ? Austria 2,000-10,000 <1 2001-2012 poor ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBelarus 100,000-120,000 1 2000-2012 medium 0 0 2000-2012 medium 0 0 1980-2012 medium Belgium 1,000-5,000 <1 2008-2012 poor 0 0 2000-2012 poor 0 0 1973-2012 poor Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBosnia & HG 50-100 <1 2010-2014 poor ? F 20-30 1980-2013 poor Bulgaria 90-180 <1 2005-2012 medium ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaCroatia 10-50 <1 2010 poor ? ? Czech Rep. 2,000-4,000 <1 2001-2003 good ? + 1985-2003 poor Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaDenmark 2,000 <1 2011 medium 0 0 1999-2011 medium + 50-100 1980-2011 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaEstonia 30,000-60,000 1 2008-2012 medium 0 0-10 2001-2012 medium 0 0-10 1980-2012 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaFinland 150,000-220,000 2 2006-2012 good 0 0 2006-2012 good + 17-156 1983-2012 good Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaFrance 10,000 <1 2008-2012 poor 0 0 2001-2012 good 0 0 1992-2012 good Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaGeorgia Present <1 ? ? Germany 20,000-39,000 <1 2005-2009 good 0 0 1998-2009 medium 0 0 1985-2009 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaGreece 0-10 <1 2008-2012 poor 0 0 2001-2012 poor 0 0 1980-2012 poor Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaHungary 10 <1 2000-2002 poor ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaRep. Ireland Present <1 1991 poor 0 0 2000-2011 medium ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaItaly 50-150 <1 2004 poor ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaKosovo 50-80 <1 2009-2014 good ? ? Latvia 10,925-104,363 <1 2007 poor - 2-99 2005-2012 poor + 0-150 1994-2012 poor Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaLiechtenstein 5-8 <1 2009-2014 good 0 0 2003-2014 good + 40-50 1980-2014 medium Lithuania 10,000-20,000 <1 2008-2012 medium 0 0 2001-2012 medium 0 0 1980-2012 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaLuxembourg Present <1 ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaFYRO Macedonia 30-90 <1 2001-2012 poor ? ? Montenegro 100-200 <1 2002-2012 medium ? ? Netherlands 1,000-5,000 <1 2008-2011 poor ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaNorway 50,000-100,000 1 2013 poor ? ? Poland 20,000-100,000 1 1992-2004 poor ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaPT: Azores 1,900-3,800 <1 2002-2012 medium 0 0 2001-2012 medium ? Europe/South & West Europe & North Africa

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1.Country (or territory)2

Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant)Size (calling/lekking

males)3Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality

PT: Madeira 162 <1 2010 good - 2001-2012 poor - 1980-2012 poor Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaRomania 1,000-5,000 <1 2001-2013 poor ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaRussia 6,000,000-7,000,000 84 2000-2010 medium 0 0 2000-2012 medium - 5-30 1980-2012 poor Serbia 600-900 <1 2008-2012 medium 0 0 2000-2012 medium 0 0 1980-2012 medium Slovakia 1,300-2,500 <1 2009-2011 medium - 10-20 2000-2012 medium - 10-30 1980-2012 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaSlovenia 20-40 <1 1998-2011 medium - 50-70 2001-2012 poor - 70-80 1980-2012 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaSpain 3,600-4,000 <1 1998-2002 medium 0 0 1998-2002 medium 0 0 1980-2002 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaES: Canary Is 1,000-2,500 <1 1997-2003 poor ? ? Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaSweden 396,000-774,000 8 2008-2012 medium 0 0 2001-2012 good 0 0 1980-2012 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaSwitzerland 1,130-1,630 <1 2008-2012 medium 0 0 2001-2012 poor - 29-59 1990-2012 poor Turkey 10-100 <1 2013 poor ? - 20-29 1990-2013 poor Ukraine 7,600-12,800 <1 2000 medium F 10-20 1998-2010 medium F 20-30 1980-2010 medium United Kingdom 64,000-100,000 1 2003 medium - 25 2003-2012 medium - 15 1980-2010 medium Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaEU27 728,000-1,470,000 13 Decreasing Europe 6,890,000-8,710,000 100 Stable 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report.2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors.4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts.5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?).6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Trend maps

A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.

KEY

Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%)Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%)Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%)ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude

å Stable or fluctuating0 Unknown¢ Present (no population or trend data)Ð Extinct since 1980

Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.

ñ Large: ≥10% of the European population

ñ Medium: 1–9% of the European population

ñ Small: <1% of the European population

The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Figure 1. Breeding population sizes and short-term trends across Europe.

Figure 2. Breeding population sizes and long-term trends across Europe.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

Sources

AlbaniaBreeding population size: Bino pers. obs.

AndorraBreeding population size: BirdLife International 2004

ArmeniaBreeding population size: ASPB data

Austria: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: BirdLife Austria, extrapolation on the basis of available unpublished and published population and density dataBreeding short-term trend: BirdLife Austria, estimate on the basis of available unpublished and published trend data

BelarusBreeding population size: Karlionova N.V. - personal communication Pinchuk P.V. - personal communicationBreeding short-term trend: Karlionova N.V. - personal communication Pinchuk P.V. - personal communicationBreeding long-term trend: Nikiforov M.E., Kozulin A.V., eds. Belarussian birds at the beginning of XXI century: status, numbers, distribution. - 1997. - Minsk. - 187 p.

Belgium: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Data Breeding Bird atlas Wallonia (Jacob et al 2010), Brussels (Weiserbs 2012) and Flanders (Vermeersch et al 2004) in combination with trend data.Breeding short-term trend: Common bird monitoring schemesBreeding long-term trend: Comparison between 2008-2012 estimate and Devillers, 1989 (Atlas of the Belgian Breeding Bird) population estimate

Bosnia and HerzegovinaBreeding population size: Kotrošan, D., Drocić, N., Trbojević, S., Šimić, E., Dervović, I., 2012: Program IBA, Međunarosdno značajna područja za ptice, u Bosni i Hercegovini. Ornitološko društvo “Naše ptice”, interno izdanje za projekat “Evaluacija IBA područja u FBiH”, Sarajevo.Breeding long-term trend: Ličanin, S., 1999: Šumska šljuka - šljuka "bena" (Scolopax rusticola Linne) - Treba prikupiti sve podatke. Lovački list, NS 27: 29.

Bulgaria: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria . Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p. Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ BSPB Bird Database)Breeding short-term trend: Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria . Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p. Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ BSPB Bird Database)Breeding long-term trend: Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria . Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p. Botev, B. (ed.) 1985. Red Data Book of Bulgaria, Vol. 2, Animals, Sofia, BAS, 183 p. Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ BSPB Bird Database)

CroatiaBreeding population size: Tutiš, V., Kralj, J., Radović, D., Ćiković, D. i Barišić, S. (2013): Crvena knjiga ptica Republike Hrvatske. Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i prirode, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, ZagrebBreeding short-term trend: Tutiš, V., Kralj, J., Radović, D., Ćiković, D. i Barišić, S. (2013): Crvena knjiga ptica Republike Hrvatske. Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i prirode, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode; Radović. D., Kralj, J. Tutiš, V., Ćiković, D. (2003): Red Data Book of Birds od Croatia. MNPPP., Zagreb.Breeding long-term trend: BiE III Work group, Croatia

Czech Republic: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: STASTNY K., BEJCEK V. & HUDEC K. 2006: Atlas hnizdniho rozsireni ptaku v Ceske republice. Aventinum Praha.Breeding long-term trend: STASTNY K., BEJCEK V. & HUDEC K. 2006: Atlas hnizdniho rozsireni ptaku v Ceske republice. Aventinum Praha.

Denmark: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. Wageningen, The Netherlands: BirdLife International. (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 12) Ekspertvurdering foretaget af Dansk Ornitologisk Forening på baggrund af tidligere publicerede oplysninger, modtagne oplysninger og data i www.dofbasen.dk (Knud N. Flensted).Breeding short-term trend: BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. Wageningen, The Netherlands: BirdLife International. (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 12) Knud N. Flensted from Dansk Ornitologisk ForeningBreeding long-term trend: BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. Wageningen, The Netherlands: BirdLife International. (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 12) Grell, Michael Borch (1998): Fuglenes Danmark. Gads forlag i samarbejde med Dansk Ornitologisk Forening. Olsen, Klaus Malling (1992): Danmarks fugle –en oversigt. Dansk Ornitologisk Forening. Knud N. Flensted from Dansk Ornitologisk Forening

Estonia: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Elts, J., Leito, A., Leivits, A., Luigujõe, L., Mägi, E., Nellis, Rein, Nellis, Renno, Ots, M., Pehlak, H. 2013. Status and numbers of Estonian birds, 2008−2012. Hirundo 26(2): 80-112. URL: http://www.eoy.ee/hirundo/file_download/149/Elts_et_al_2013_2.pdf

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

Estonia: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding short-term trend: Elts, J., Leito, A., Leivits, A., Luigujõe, L., Mägi, E., Nellis, Rein, Nellis, Renno, Ots, M., Pehlak, H. 2013. Status and numbers of Estonian birds, 2008−2012. Hirundo 26(2): 80-112. URL: http://www.eoy.ee/hirundo/file_download/149/Elts_et_al_2013_2.pdfBreeding long-term trend: Elts, J., Leito, A., Leivits, A., Luigujõe, L., Mägi, E., Nellis, Rein, Nellis, Renno, Ots, M., Pehlak, H. 2013. Status and numbers of Estonian birds, 2008−2012. Hirundo 26(2): 80-112. URL: http://www.eoy.ee/hirundo/file_download/149/Elts_et_al_2013_2.pdf

Finland: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Bird monitoring schemes of the Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki.Breeding short-term trend: Bird monitoring schemes of the Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki.Breeding long-term trend: Bird monitoring schemes of the Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki.

France: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL 2004 Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation statusBreeding short-term trend: yves.ferrand@oncfs.gouv.fr yves.ferrand@oncfs.gouv.frBreeding long-term trend: yves.ferrand@oncfs.gouv.fr yves.ferrand@oncfs.gouv.fr

GeorgiaBreeding population size: BirdLife International 2004

Germany: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Gedeon, K., C. Grüneberg, A. Mitschke & C. Sudfeldt (in Vorb.): Atlas Deutscher Brutvogelarten. SVD & DDA, Münster.Breeding short-term trend: Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten e.V.Breeding long-term trend: Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten e.V.

Greece: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Hellenic Ornithological Society databaseBreeding short-term trend: BirdLife International 2004. Birds in Europe - Population estimates, trends and conservation status. Cambridge, UK, BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series No 12).Breeding long-term trend: Handrinos, G. & Akriotis, T. 1997. The Birds of Greece. Helm.

Hungary: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: MME Nomenclator Bizottság (2008): Magyarország madarainak névjegyzéke. Nomenclator avium Hungariae. Magyar Madártani és Természetvédelmi Egyesület, Budapest. P. 278.

Republic of Ireland: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: BirdLife International 2004; Balmer, D., Gillings, S., Caffrey, B., Swan, B., Downie, I. & Fuller, R. (2013) Bird Atlas 2007-11 The breeding and wintering birds of Britain and Ireland. British Trust for Ornithology. BirdLife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International. (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 12). Gibbons D.W., Reid J.B. & Chapman R.A. (1993) The New Atlas of Breeding Birds in Britain and Ireland 1988-1991. Poyser, London.Breeding short-term trend: Balmer, D., Gillings, S., Caffrey, B., Swan, B., Downie, I. & Fuller, R. (2013) Bird Atlas 2007-11 The breeding and wintering birds of Britain and Ireland. British Trust for Ornithology. Gibbons D.W., Reid J.B. & Chapman R.A. (1993) The New Atlas of Breeding Birds in Britain and Ireland 1988-1991. Poyser, London.Breeding long-term trend: Balmer, D., Gillings, S., Caffrey, B., Swan, B., Downie, I. & Fuller, R. (2013) Bird Atlas 2007-11 The breeding and wintering birds of Britain and Ireland. British Trust for Ornithology. Sharrock, J.T.R. (1976) The Atlas of Breeding Birds in Britain and Ireland. T. & AD Poyser.

Italy: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Brichetti P & Fracasso G. 2004. Ornitologia italiana. Vol.2 (Tetraonidae-Scolopacidae). Alberto Perdisa Editore, BolognaBreeding short-term trend: Gustin M, Brambilla M & Celada C. 2010. Valutazione dello stato di Conservazione dell'avifauna italiana. Volume I, Non-Passeriformes. Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare, Lega Italiana Protezione Uccelli (LIPU) Aradis A 2006. La Beccaccia Scolopax rusticola nella tenuta presidenziale di Castel Porziano. Min.Pol.Agr.For. INFS. X.Breeding long-term trend: Gustin M, Brambilla M & Celada C. 2010. Valutazione dello stato di Conservazione dell'avifauna italiana. Volume I, Non-Passeriformes. Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare, Lega Italiana Protezione Uccelli (LIPU) Tucker GM & Heath MF. 1994. Birds in Europe. Their conservation status. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International. BirdLife Conservation Series No. 3 BirdLife International 2004. Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International. BirdLife Conservation Series No. 12

KosovoBreeding population size: NGO "Finch" (2014)

Latvia: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Calculation based on data collected in Latvian Breeding bird monitoring scheme: Aunins A., Keišs O. 2012. [Monitoring for the Farmland Bird Population Index. Final report for the year 2012. ]. Latvian Ornithological society, 47 ppBreeding short-term trend: Aunins A. 2012. [Changes in the Abundance of Common Birds in Latvia during the Previous Seven Years]. Putni Dabā 2013/1, 10 - 13. Aunins A., Keišs O. 2012. [Monitoring for the Farmland Bird Population Index. Final report for the year 2012. ]. Latvian Ornithological society, 47 pBreeding long-term trend: Strazds M., Priednieks J., Vaverins G. 1994. Latvijas putnu skaits. – Putni daba, 4: 3–18. Aunins A., Keišs O. 2012. [Monitoring for the Farmland Bird Population Index. Final report for the year 2012. ]. Latvian Ornithological society, 47 pp

LiechtensteinBreeding population size: Willi, G. (2014) Unpublished collection data

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

LiechtensteinBreeding short-term trend: Willi, G. (2006) Die Vögel des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. Amtlicher Lehrmittelverlag, Vaduz (Naturkundliche Forschung im Fürstentum Liechtenstein, Bd. 22.Breeding long-term trend: Willi, G. & M.F. Broggi (1985) Die Vogelwelt des Fürstentums Liechtenstein unter Berücksichtigung der benachbarten Gebiete; Teil II: Galliformes (Hühnervögel) – Piciformes (Spechtvögel). Ber. Bot.-Zool. Ges. Liechtenstein-Sargans-Werdenberg, Band 14, S. 103-143.; Willi, G. (2006) Die Vögel des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. Amtlicher Lehrmittelverlag, Vaduz (Naturkundliche Forschung im Fürstentum Liechtenstein, Bd. 22.

Lithuania: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Expert working group of the Lithuanian Ornithological Society (lod@birdlife.lt) Jusys, V., Karalius, S., Raudonikis, L. 2012. Lietuvos paukščių pažinimo vadovas. Kaunas: „Lututė“, 288 p.Breeding short-term trend: Expert working group of the Lithuanian Ornithological Society (lod@birdlife.lt) Jusys, V., Karalius, S., Raudonikis, L. 2012. Lietuvos paukščių pažinimo vadovas. Kaunas: „Lututė“, 288 p. Kurlavičius, P. (ed.) 2006. Lietuvos perinčių paukščių atlasas. Kaunas: „Lututė“, 256 p. Raudonikis L. 2004. Lithuania. In: Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends, and conservation status. BirdLife International, BirdLife Conservation Series No12, Cambridge, UK.Breeding long-term trend: Expert working group of the Lithuanian Ornithological Society (lod@birdlife.lt) BirdLife International/European Bird Cencus Council. 2000. European bird populations: estimates and trends. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 10). Kurlavičius, P. (ed.) 2006. Lietuvos perinčių paukščių atlasas. Kaunas: „Lututė“, 256 p.

Luxembourg: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding short-term trend: Lorgé P., E. Melchior (2010): Die Vögel Luxemburgs. LNVL, Luxembourg. ISBN: 978-2-919920-01-3 Lorgé, P. & G. Biver (2010): Die Rote Liste der Brutvögel Luxemburgs. RWB 25: 67-72Breeding long-term trend: Lorgé P., E. Melchior (2010): Die Vögel Luxemburgs. LNVL, Luxembourg. ISBN: 978-2-919920-01-3 Melchior E., E. Mentgen, R. Peltzer, R. Schmitt, J. Weiss (1987): Atlas der Brutvögel Luxemburgs. Lëtzebuerger Natur- a Vulleschutzliga. Kremer-Muller & Cie, Foetz, Luxembourg

The Former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaBreeding population size: Velevski, M., B. Hallmann, B. Grubač, T. Lisičanec, E. Stoynov, E. Lisičanec, V. Avukatov, L. Božiič, and B. Stumberger. 2010. Important Bird Areas in Macedonia: Sites of Global and European Importance. Acrocephalus 31:181–282.

MontenegroBreeding population size: Puzovic, S., Simic, D., Saveljić, D., Gergelj, J., Tucakov,M.,Stojnic,N., Hulo, I., Ham, I., Vizi,O., Sciban,M., Ruzic,M., Vucanovic,M., Jovanovic, T. (2004): Birds of Serbia and Montenegro – Size of nesting populations. I trends: 1990-2002. Ciconia 12, 36-120. Novi Sad

Netherlands: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Expert judgement SovonBreeding short-term trend: noneBreeding long-term trend: none

NorwayBreeding population size: Shimmings P. & Øien, I.J. 2015. Bestandsestimater og trender for norske hekkefugler. NOF-rapport 2015-2.Breeding short-term trend: Kålås, J.A., Husby, M., Nilsen, E.B., & Vang, R. 2014. Bestandsvariasjoner for terrestriske fugler i Norge 1996-2013. Norsk Ornitologisk Forening Rapport 4 / 2014.

Poland: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Chylarecki P., Sikora A. 2007. Ocena liczebności gatunków lęgowych w Polsce. W: Sikora A., Rohde Z., Gromadzki M., Neubauer G., Chylarecki P. (red.). Atlas rozmieszczenia ptaków lęgowych Polski 1985–2004. Bogucki Wyd. Nauk., Poznań, s. 34–41; BirdLife International 2004. Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International. BirdLife International Series No. 12.

PT: Azores: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Machado, A.L, Gonçalves, D., Ferrand, Y. & Silveira, A.M. (2002) - First data on Woodcock Scolopax rusticola breeding in Pico island. Airo, 12: 35-44. Gonçalves, D. & Machado, A.L., 2004 - A Galinhola nos Açores - Ilhas do Pico e S. Miguel - Direcção Regional dos Recursos Florestais (Ed.), 30pp. Machado, A.L.,Ferrand, Y.,Gossmann F., Silveira, A.M. & Gonçalves, D. (2006). Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) breeding biology in Pico Island (Azores - Portugal). In: Ferrand Y. (ed.). Sixth European Woodcock and Snipe Workshop - Proceedings of na International Symposium of the Wetlands International Woodcock and Snipe Specialist Group, 25-27 November 2003, Nantes, France. International Wader Studies 13, Wageningen, The Netherlands, vi + 114 pp.; 10-16. Machado, A.L., Brito, J.C., Medeiros, V., Leitão, M., Moutinho, C., Jesus, A., Ferrand, Y & Gonçalves, D. (2008). Distribution and habitat preferences of Eurasian woodcock Scolopax rusticola in S. Miguel island (Azores) during the breeding season. Wildlife Biology 14(1): 129-137. Gonçalves, D., Leitão, M., Pacheco, J.L., Jesus, A., Ponte, J. e Sequeira, J. (2009). Woodcock monitoring in Azores (Portugal). Wetlands International/IUCN - Woodcock and Snipe Specialist Group Newsletter 35: 52-56. Gonçalves, D., Machado, A.L., Leitão, M. & Jesus, A., 2008 - Gestão de recursos cinegéticos no arquipélago dos Açores - A Galinhola. CIBIO e Direcção Regional dos Recursos Florestais. 46pp. Equipa Atlas (2008). Atlas das Aves Nidificantes em Portugal (1999-2005). Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e da Biodiversidade, Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Parque Natural da Madeira e Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do Mar. Assírio e Alvim. Lisboa. Gonçalves, D., Leitão; M., Jesus, A., Rodrigues, T., Ponte, J., Costa, J., Sequeira, S., Pacheco, J.L., Lopes, A., Cabeceiras, S. & Moutinho, C. - Monitorização da galinhola Scolopax rusticola no arquipélago dos Açores. VII Congresso de Ornitologia da SPEA & I Jornadas Macaronésicas de Ornitologia. 29 a 31 de Outubro 2011, Machico, Madeira, ; Livro de resumos: págs. 39-40 (comunicação oral). Gonçalves, D., Leitão, M., Jesus, A., Castro, A., Franco, E., Rodrigues, T., Ponte, J., Costa, J., Ávila, E., Sequeira, J., Pacheco, J.L., Lopes, A., Cabeceiras, S., Moutinho, C., Nunes, C., Lima, P., Correia, I. - Monitorização da galinhola nos Açores. VI Jornadas Florestais Insulares (organizadas pela Direção Regional dos Recursos Florestais - Açores); Faial-Pico-São Jorge, Açores, 21 a 25 de Maio de 2012. Livro de resumos: págs. (comunicação em poster). Unpublished data (DRRF/CIBIO-UP) Hoodless, A.N., Inglis, J.G., Doucet, J.-P. & Aebischer, N.J. (2008). Vocal individuality in the roding calls of Woodcock Scolopax rusticola and their use to validate a survey method. Ibis, 150: 80-89. Hoodless, A.N., Lang, D., Aebischer, N.J., Fuller, R.J. & Ewald, J.A. (2009). Densities and population estimates of breeding Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola in Britain in 2003', Bird Study, 56: 1, 15-25.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

PT: Azores: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding short-term trend: Machado, A.L, Gonçalves, D., Ferrand, Y. & Silveira, A.M., 2002 - First data on Woodcock Scolopax rusticola breeding in Pico island. Airo, 12: 35-44. Gonçalves, D. & Machado, A.L., 2004 - A Galinhola nos Açores - Ilhas do Pico e S. Miguel - Direcção Regional dos Recursos Florestais (Ed.), 30pp. Machado, A.L.,Ferrand, Y.,Gossmann F., Silveira, A.M. & Gonçalves, D. 2006 - Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) breeding biology in Pico Island (Azores - Portugal). In: Ferrand Y. (ed.). Sixth European Woodcock and Snipe Workshop - Proceedings of na International Symposium of the Wetlands International Woodcock and Snipe Specialist Group, 25-27 November 2003, Nantes, France. International Wader Studies 13, Wageningen, The Netherlands, vi + 114 pp.; 10-16. Gonçalves, D. & Machado, A.L., 2004 - A Galinhola nos Açores - Ilhas do Pico e S. Miguel - Direcção Regional dos Recursos Florestais (Ed.), 30pp. Machado, A.L., Brito, J.C., Medeiros, V., Leitão, M., Moutinho, C., Jesus, A., Ferrand, Y & Gonçalves, D. (2008). Distribution and habitat preferences of Eurasian woodcock Scolopax rusticola in S. Miguel island (Azores) during the breeding season. Wildlife Biology 14(1): 129-137. Gonçalves, D., Leitão, M., Pacheco, J.L., Jesus, A., Ponte, J. e Sequeira, J. (2009). Woodcock monitoring in Azores (Portugal). Wetlands International/IUCN - Woodcock and Snipe Specialist Group Newsletter 35: 52-56. Gonçalves, D., Machado, A.L., Leitão, M. & Jesus, A., 2008 - Gestão de recursos cinegéticos no arquipélago dos Açores - A Galinhola. CIBIO e Direcção Regional dos Recursos Florestais. 46pp. Equipa Atlas (2008). Atlas das Aves Nidificantes em Portugal (1999-2005). Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e da Biodiversidade, Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Parque Natural da Madeira e Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do Mar. Assírio e Alvim. Lisboa. Gonçalves, D., Leitão; M., Jesus, A., Rodrigues, T., Ponte, J., Costa, J., Sequeira, S., Pacheco, J.L., Lopes, A., Cabeceiras, S. & Moutinho, C. - Monitorização da galinhola Scolopax rusticola no arquipélago dos Açores. VII Congresso de Ornitologia da SPEA & I Jornadas Macaronésicas de Ornitologia. 29 a 31 de Outubro 2011, Machico, Madeira, ; Livro de resumos: págs. 39-40 (comunicação oral). Gonçalves, D., Leitão, M., Jesus, A., Castro, A., Franco, E., Rodrigues, T., Ponte, J., Costa, J., Ávila, E., Sequeira, J., Pacheco, J.L., Lopes, A., Cabeceiras, S., Moutinho, C., Nunes, C., Lima, P., Correia, I. - Monitorização da galinhola nos Açores. VI Jornadas Florestais Insulares (organizadas pela Direção Regional dos Recursos Florestais - Açores); Faial-Pico-São Jorge, Açores, 21 a 25 de Maio de 2012. Livro de resumos: págs. (comunicação em poster). Unpublished data (DRRF/CIBIO-UP)

PT: Madeira: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Gouveia, C. & A. I. Fagundes. 2011. Censo da população de Galinhola Scolopax rusticola 2010. Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Funchal.Breeding short-term trend: Gouveia, C. & A. I. Fagundes. 2011. Censo da população de Galinhola Scolopax rusticola 2010. Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Funchal. Oliveira & Menezes. 2004. Aves do Arquipélago da Madeira. Serviço do Parque Natural da Madeira. FunchalBreeding long-term trend: Oliveira & Menezes. 2004. Aves do Arquipélago da Madeira. Serviço do Parque Natural da Madeira. Funchal

Romania: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: “Milvus Group” Bird and Nature Protection Association database, unpublished data Romanian Ornithological Society database, unpublished data www.rombird.ro

RussiaBreeding population size: Kuzyakin V.A. 1999. Censuses and resources of breeding Woodcock in European Russia. – In: Tomkovich P.S., Lebedeva E.A. (eds,) 1999. Breeding waders in Eastern Europe – 2000. Vol. 2. Moscow, RBCU: 77-82 (in Russian). Fokin S.Yu., Blokhin Yu. Yu., Zverev P.A. 2011.Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola L.). – Management of resources. Special issue 11. Works on the state monitoring of hunting animals in Russia. Moscow, MNR: 117-123 (in Russian). Fokin S., Blokhin Yu., Zverev P., Romanov Yu., Kozlova M. 2012. 2012 European Russia roding census and Woodcock ringing report// Wetlands International - Woodcock & Snipe Specialist Group (WI/IUCN -WSSG) Newsletter 38: 29-31.Breeding short-term trend: Fokin S.Yu., Blokhin Yu. Yu., Zverev P.A. 2011.Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola L.). – Management of resources. Special issue 11. Works on the state monitoring of hunting animals in Russia. Moscow, MNR: 117-123 (in Russian). Fokin S., Blokhin Yu., Zverev P., Romanov Yu., Kozlova M. 2012. 2012 European Russia roding census and Woodcock ringing report// Wetlands International - Woodcock & Snipe Specialist Group (WI/IUCN -WSSG) Newsletter 38: 29-31.Breeding long-term trend: Fokin S.Yu., Blokhin Yu. Yu., Zverev P.A. 2011.Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola L.). – Management of resources. Special issue 11. Works on the state monitoring of hunting animals in Russia. Moscow, MNR: 117-123 (in Russian). Fokin S., Blokhin Yu., Zverev P., Romanov Yu., Kozlova M. 2012. 2012 European Russia roding census and Woodcock ringing report// Wetlands International - Woodcock & Snipe Specialist Group (WI/IUCN -WSSG) Newsletter 38: 29-31.

SerbiaBreeding population size: BPSSS (2014) Unpublished dataBreeding short-term trend: BPSSS (2014) Unpublished dataBreeding long-term trend: BPSSS (2014) Unpublished data

Slovakia: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Dušan Krajniak, Peter Kaštier, Poľovnícka štatistika, NLC ZvolenBreeding short-term trend: Krištín, A.Breeding long-term trend: Krištín, A.

Slovenia: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Denac, K., T. Mihelič, L. Božič, P. Kmecl, T. Jančar, J. Figelj & B. Rubinić (2011): Strokovni predlog za revizijo posebnih območij varstva (SPA) z uporabo najnovejših kriterijev za določitev mednarodno pomembnih območij za ptice (IBA). Končno poročilo (dopolnjena verzija). Naročnik: Ministrstvo za okolje in prostor. DOPPS – BirdLife, Ljubljana.Breeding short-term trend: Koce, U. & K. Denac (2011): Strokovne podlage za OPPN 398 - ureditev nadomestnih habitatov na Barju: popis sloke (Scolopax rusticola) in analiza njenih ekoloških zahtev. Končno poročilo. Naročnik: Mestna občina Ljubljana. DOPPS, Ljubljana.Breeding long-term trend: Geister, I. (1995): Ornitološki atlas Slovenije. DZS, Ljubljana. Tome, D., A. Sovinc & P. Trontelj (2005): Ptice Ljubljanskega barja. Monografija DOPPS št. 3. DOPPS, Ljubljana. Denac, K., T. Mihelič, L. Božič, P. Kmecl, T. Jančar, J. Figelj & B. Rubinić (2011): Strokovni predlog za revizijo posebnih območij varstva (SPA) z uporabo najnovejših kriterijev za določitev mednarodno pomembnih območij za ptice (IBA). Končno poročilo (dopolnjena verzija). Naročnik: Ministrstvo za okolje in prostor. DOPPS – BirdLife, Ljubljana.

Spain: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Martí, R. & del Moral, J.C. (Eds.) (2003). Atlas de las Aves Reproductoras de España. Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza- Sociedad Española de Ornitología. Madrid, 733 pp. http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/inventario-especies-terrestres/inventario-nacional-de-biodiversidad/ieet_aves_atlas.aspx

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds

Scolopax rusticola (Eurasian Woodcock)

Spain: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding short-term trend: Martí, R. & del Moral, J.C. (Eds.) (2003). Atlas de las Aves Reproductoras de España. Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza- Sociedad Española de Ornitología. Madrid, 733 pp. http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/inventario-especies-terrestres/inventario-nacional-de-biodiversidad/ieet_aves_atlas.aspxBreeding long-term trend: Martí, R. & del Moral, J.C. (Eds.) (2003). Atlas de las Aves Reproductoras de España. Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza- Sociedad Española de Ornitología. Madrid, 733 pp. http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/inventario-especies-terrestres/inventario-nacional-de-biodiversidad/ieet_aves_atlas.aspx Purroy, F.J. (Coord.) (1997). Atlas de las aves de España (1975-1995). SEO/BirdLife. Lynx Edicions. Barcelona. 583 pp.

ES: Canary Is: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Martín, A. & J. A. Lorenzo. 2001. Aves del Archipiélago Canario. Francisco Lemus Editor. La Laguna. 787 pp. Lorenzo, J.A. 2007 (ed). Atlas de las Aves Nidificantes en el Archipiélago Canario (1997-2003). Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza-Sociedad Española de Ornitología. Madrid. 520 pp.Breeding short-term trend: Martín, A. & J. A. Lorenzo. 2001. Aves del Archipiélago Canario. Francisco Lemus Editor. La Laguna. 787 pp. Lorenzo, J.A. 2007 (ed). Atlas de las Aves Nidificantes en el Archipiélago Canario (1997-2003). Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza-Sociedad Española de Ornitología. Madrid. 520 pp.Breeding long-term trend: Martín, A. & J. A. Lorenzo. 2001. Aves del Archipiélago Canario. Francisco Lemus Editor. La Laguna. 787 pp. Lorenzo, J.A. 2007 (ed). Atlas de las Aves Nidificantes en el Archipiélago Canario (1997-2003). Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza-Sociedad Española de Ornitología. Madrid. 520 pp.

Sweden: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Ottosson, U., Ottvall, R., Elmberg, J., Green, M., Gustafsson, R., Haas, F., Holmqvist, N., Lindström, Å., Nilsson, L., Svensson, M., Svensson, S. & Tjernberg, M. 2012. Fåglarna i Sverige - antal och förekomst. Sveriges Ornitologiska Förening, Halmstad.Breeding short-term trend: Swedish Bird Survey (Svensk Fågeltaxering), Lund University.Breeding long-term trend: Swedish Bird Survey (Svensk Fågeltaxering), Lund University.

SwitzerlandBreeding population size: Original estimate: Schmid, H., R. Luder, B. Naef-Daenzer, R. Graf & N. Zbinden (1998): Schweizer Brutvogelatlas. Verbreitung der Brutvögel in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein 1993-1996/Atlas des oiseaux nicheurs de Suisse. Distribution des oiseaux nicheurs en Suisse et au Liechtenstein en 1993-1996. Schweizerische Vogelwarte/Station ornithologique suisse, Sempach. Swiss Ornithological Institute: checked with population trend: no change.Breeding short-term trend: Swiss Ornithological Institute: http://www.vogelwarte.ch/information-service-monitoring-rare-breeding-and-visiting-birds.html Site-occupancy modelling based on „semi-standardised” chance observations. Percentage change based on linear regression. 95% Confidence interval see point 3.3.Breeding long-term trend: Swiss Ornithological Institute: http://www.vogelwarte.ch/information-service-monitoring-rare-breeding-and-visiting-birds.html Site-occupancy modelling based on „semi-standardised” chance observations. Percentage change based on linear regression. Min Max refer to 95% Confidence interval.

TurkeyBreeding population size: Kerem Ali Boyla personal communication. Birdlife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status, Cambridge UK: Birdlife International (Birdlife Conservation series no: 12) www.kusbank.org Kirwan G.M., Boyla K. A., Castell P., Demirci B., Özen M., Welch H., Marlow T., 2008, Birds of Turkey. Londra, Christopher Helm, 978-1-4081-0475-Breeding short-term trend: Doğa Derneği, Eken G., Bozdoğan M., İsfendiyaroğlu S., Kılıç D.T., Lise Y. (2006) Key Biodiversity Areas of Turkey (Türkiye’nin Önemli Doğa Alanları) Doğa Derneği, Ankara, KILIÇ, T., EKEN, G. 2004, Türkiye'nin Önemli Kuş Alanları Güncellemesi, Doğa Derneği. Ankara.Breeding long-term trend: Birdlife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status, Cambridge UK: Birdlife International (Birdlife Conservation series no: 12)

UkraineBreeding population size: 1. Горбань И.М. Шидловский И.В. Численность гнездящихся куликов на западе Украины. Гнездящиеся кулики Восточной Европы - 2000. Москва, том.2. 1999. с. 93-105. 2. Hagemaijer W.J.M., Blair M.J. The EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds: Their Distribution and Abundance. Poyser. - London. 1997. 903 p. 3. Heath M.F., Evans M.I. Important birds areas in Europe. Priority sites for conservation. // Southern Europe. BirdLife International. - Cambridge. Vol.2., 2000. P. 691-724. 4. European birds populations; Estimates and trends Compiled by M. Heath, C. Borggreve, N. Peet, W. Hagemeijer/ BirdLife International/EBCC. 2000. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife Conservation Series N10, 160 p. 5. Горбань І. Оцінка чисельності гніздових птахів України. Вісник Львівського університету. Серія біологічна. Випуск 34. 2003. с. 147 – 158.Breeding short-term trend: 1. Бокотей А.А., Дзюбенко Н.В., Горбань І.М. та інші. Гніздова орнітофауна басейну Верхнього Дністра. – Львів: ЛНУ, 2010. – 400 с. 2. Gorban I, Flade M. The importance of the Upper Pripyat (Ukraine) for the protection of birds. The ecology and conservation of floodplanins and lowland mires in the Polesya Region. Minsk. 2000. p. 103-110. 3. Dombrowski A., Piotrowska M., Gorban I., Nikiforov M. Status and threats to avifauna. (Eds. Dombrowski A., & Z. Glowacki, та інші). Bug river valleyas the ecological corridor: state-threats-protection. IUCN European Programme. Warsaw. 2002. S. 87-102. 4. Горбань І.М. Рідкісні види птахів Шацького національного парку. // Вісник Львівського університету. Серія біологічна. Вип. 29. 2002. С.188-199.Breeding long-term trend: 1. Tucker G.M., Heath M.F. Birds in Europe: their conservation status. - Cambridge. U.K. Bird Life Conservation Series №. 3. 1994. 600 p. 2. Hagemaijer W.J.M., Blair M.J. The EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds: Their Distribution and Abundance. Poyser. - London. 1997. 903 p. 3. Heath M.F., Evans M.I. Important birds areas in Europe. Priority sites for conservation. // Southern Europe. BirdLife International. - Cambridge. Vol.2., 2000. P. 691-724. 4. European birds populations; Estimates and trends Compiled by M. Heath, C. Borggreve, N. Peet, W. Hagemeijer/ BirdLife International/EBCC. 2000. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife Conservation Series N10, 160 p. 5. Горбань І. Оцінка чисельності гніздових птахів України. Вісник Львівського університету. Серія біологічна. Випуск 34. 2003. с. 147 – 158. 6. Birds in Europe: Population Estimates, Trends and Conservation Status. BirdLife Conservation Series 12; 2004. 374 р. 7. Бокотей А.А., Дзюбенко Н.В., Горбань І.М. та інші. Гніздова орнітофауна басейну Верхнього Дністра. – Львів: ЛНУ, 2010. – 400 с.

United Kingdom: Europe/South & West Europe & North AfricaBreeding population size: Hoodless, A.N., Lang, D., Aebischer, N.J., Fuller, R.J. & Ewald, J.A. 2009. Densities and population estimates of breeding Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola in Britain in 2003. Bird Study 56: 15–25.Breeding short-term trend: Hoodless, A.N., Inglis, J.G., Doucet, J.-P. & Aebischer, N.J. 2008. Vocal individuality in the roding calls of Woodcock Scolopax rusticola and their use to validate a survey method. Ibis 150: 80-89. Hoodless, A. & Fuller, R.J. 2013. Annual woodcock surveys: results from 10 years of roding counts. Unpublished summary report. Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust & British Trust for Ornithology. 3 pp.Breeding long-term trend: Aebischer, N.J. & Baines, D. 2008. Monitoring gamebird abundance and productivity in the UK: the GWCT long-term datasets. Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia 24: 30-43. Hoodless, A.N., Inglis, J.G., Doucet, J.-P. & Aebischer, N.J. 2008. Vocal individuality in the roding calls of Woodcock Scolopax rusticola and their use to validate a survey method. Ibis 150: 80-89. Hoodless, A. & Fuller, R.J. 2013. Annual woodcock surveys: results from 10 years of roding counts. Unpublished summary report. Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust & British Trust for Ornithology. 3 pp.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2015) EUROPEAN RED LIST OF BIRDS

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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2015) EUROPEAN RED LIST OF BIRDS

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