European Union Military StaffDeputy Director General - RAdm Bruce Williams

EU Operations in a ‘Wicked’ World

(Military adaptation to the Comprehensive Approach)

Wicked Problems

INTENT

Networked and interdependent worldleads to wicked not tame problems

as the norm!

compromise& collaboration

The Modern Reality

unintendedconsequence

VISION

Lisbon Treaty

• Article 21:– Safeguard values, interests, security,

independence and integrity;– Preserve peace, prevent conflict and strengthen

international security;• Article 26:

– The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security policy shall ensure the unity, consistency and effectiveness of action by the Union.

Key Policy Goals

• A secure, stable and prosperous European Neighbourhood

• Closer relationship with Strategic Partners

• Universal respect for human rights

• Spread of democracy and rule of law

• Sustainable development policy

• Crisis management and conflict prevention

Size Matters!

EEAS HQ1450

EU BRUSSELS

26000

NATO COMMAND STRUCTURE

9800

APPROXIMATE FIGURES

EU Delegations

1900EUMS

200InternationalStaff1200

InternationalMilitary

Staff400

DiplomacyPolitical

DevelopmentEconomyTrade

Defence & Security

Rule of Law

Comprehensive Approach

Commission CSDP

Geographic& MultilateralDirectorates

CRISIS PLATFORM

MilitaryOperational

Level

PoliticalStrategic

Level

Berlin+ with recourse to NATO assets and

capabilities

Autonomous(very small scale)

COUNCIL/PSC

Autonomous

Military OHQ Options

EU OHQ at SHAPE Designated EU OHQ EU OPSCEN

Rela

tive

Util

ity

PEACE CRISIS WARDomesticDisasterRelief

DomesticCivil Support Environmental/

ResourceProtection

Arms Control

SecurityAssistance Humanitarian

Assistance

Peace Building

PeaceKeeping

PeaceEnforcement

Nation Assistance

Show ofForce

Counter Narcotics

CounterPiracy

SanctionsEnforcement

DisasterRelief

CounterTerrorism

CounterInsurgency

LimitedConventional Conflict

Major Theatre War

StrategicLevelWar

Non-CombatantEvacuations

Political/EconomicSanctions

ConflictConsequenceManagement

CounterOrganised

Crime

ClimateChange

PeacetimeConsequenceManagement

Comprehensiveness & Relative Utility

EU Comprehensive

Action

EU MilitaryInstrument

EU CivilianInstruments

NATO

BiH: OP ALTHEA

FYROM: OP CONCORDIA

HoA: OP ATALANTA

HoA: EUTM SOMALIAChad: EUFOR CHAD

DRC: EUFOR DRC

DRC: OP ARTIMIS

Kosovo: EULEX

Georgia: EUMM

OPT: EUPOL COPPS

OPT: RAFAH - EUBAM

DRC - EUSEC

DRC: EUPOL

Kosovo: EUPT

Georgia: EUJUST THEMIS

BiH: EUPM

FYROM: EUPOL PROXIMA

Guinea Bissau: SSR

DRC: EUPOL

Iraq: EUJUST LEX

Indonesia: AMM

Afghanistan: EUPOL

CSDP Missions (Past & Present)

FYROM: EUPAT

HoA: EUCAP NESTOR

South Sudan: EUVASEC

Sudan: AMIS 11

Niger: EUCAP SAHEL

HORN OF AFRICASTRATEGY

EU’s Comprehensive Approach in Action

EU funding in HoA 2008-

2013€1.6bn

PARTNERS

AU, Regional States, UN, CMF,

NATO, Extra-regional states,

NGOs….

CSDP Future Maritime Commitment

The Council, highlighting the contribution that the Union has to make a stable and secure global maritime domain, recommended initiating

work in the context of CFSP/CSDP, for the elaboration of a security Strategy for the global maritime domain, within the framework of the

European Security Strategy.

“a responsibility to support law enforcement, protection of citizens and safeguarding national and international interests by countering threats and mitigating risks of illegal or threatening activities in the global maritime domain”

EU Concept for MSO under CSDP (May 12)

Council Conclusions (26 Apr 10)

CSDP MSO Tasks

• Surveillance in the Global Maritime Domain• Maritime Protection• Maritime Interdiction/Control• Maritime CT/Counter WMD Proliferation• Maritime Law Enforcement

• Maritime Presence• Maritime Security Sector Reform• Contribution to Operations Ashore

+

• The challenge of being new:– Relationship of EEAS with the Commission, Council and Parliament.– Cultural change – EEAS 20 months old!– Span of commitment (Diplomacy – Development - Defence).

• The ‘Comprehensive’ challenge: – NATO contracts-in comprehensiveness, few levers of state, quick to start.– EU integral comprehensiveness, all levers of state, complex to start. – EU pedigree based on norms of society and nation building not crisis.– Reconciling divergent mandates of stakeholders.

• The challenge of complexity – the Practical & Political challenge– Ambiguity resultant of a perpetual “Wicked Problem” context.– Consensus versus Plurality.– Ambition versus Reality.– Scale & Politics.

• The challenge of the sovereign debt crisis

Current & Future Challenges