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JANSSEN C. VALDEZ

LIEZEL T. CABANERO

RHONALYN GUIYAB

VALERIE DUMAPIJESSICA SALARZON

HELYN DOMINGO

SECHEM MARTIN


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From the Greek

word thanatus

which means EASOR HAPPY DEATH


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granting painlessdeath to a hopelesslyill patient with a non-

curable disease.


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400 B. C. - The earliest recordedreference to Euthanasia comesfrom Hippocrates, the father of

medicine. He quoted as saying Iwill give no deadly medicine toany one if asked, nor suggest any

such counsel673 England prohibits suicide.


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1647 the Providence Plantations (Rhode

Island) declared that if an individual

committed suicide his/her possessions

would become the property of the King ofEngland.

1800s Laws of Connecticut essentially

states that any person who aids another

individual in committing suicide is guiltyof murder if the advisee actually goes

through with suicide.


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1828 The earliest American statuteexplicitly to outlaw assisted suicide wasenacted in New York.Between 1857 and1865, a New York commission drafted a

criminal code that prohibited aidingsuicide and, specifically, furnishinganother person with any deadly weaponor poisonous drug, knowing that suchperson tends to use such weapon or drug

in taking his own life.1850 The California legislature

adopted the English common law, underwhich assisting suicide was a crime.


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1939 In Nazi GermanyHitler ordered

widespread mercy killing of the sick and

disabled.

1935The Euthanasia Society of England

was formed to promote euthanasia.

1995 Australia's Northern Territory

approved the Rights of the Terminally Ill Act

. It went into effect in 1996 and wasoverturned by the Australian Parliament in

1997.


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1994 - the Oregon Death with Dignity Actwas passed, which legalized assistedsuicides.

Other states such as California,Michigan, Maine, Hawaii, Arizona, andVermont have tried to pass similar bills. Allattempts have been unsuccessful.

2002 Euthanasia is legalized in Belgium

2005Netherlands set to give the go-aheadto child euthanasia.


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Euthanasia would not only be for people whoare terminally ill

By deciding who is terminally ill, we aredeciding who has dignity. Is it really ourplace to decide this?

Euthanasia will become non-voluntary

If Euthanasia becomes a common practicepeople might begin to think that as a

terminally ill patient they are a burden tosociety and therefore must chooseEuthanasia.


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Euthanasia is a rejection of the importance andvalue of human life

No one is being saved with Euthanasia lifeis only taken.

Almost all societies disagree with Euthanasia should be a sign that it is not moral.

Euthanasia is not the only way to relieveexcruciating pain

Euthanasia is too harsh a measure to ridyourself of any pain


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Active:an active intervention to end

life.

-roughly, involveskilling a patient

E.g., administering a fatal dose of morphine to aterminally ill cancer patient

This is often what people have in mind when they

simply speak of euthanasia Be careful to distinguish killing from murdering

(wrongful killing) not all killings are murders


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Passive:- deliberately

withholding treatment

that help a patient livelonger

-roughly,involves letting apatient die

E.g., failing to revivea patient who hassigned a DNR order


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Non-voluntary

- ending the life of apatient who is notcapable of giving

permission- patient cannot

decide fromthemselves.

Examples: children,comatose patients, orindividuals notmentally competent


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Voluntary :- performed

following a requestfrom a patient

- patient requesttreatment to bestopped.

Examples:

chemotherapy or

dialysis.


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Doctor

assistedsuicide:- a doctor

prescribes a

lethal drug whichis selfadministered bythe patient


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Involuntary:

- ending lifeagainst a patientswill.- patient refused alife sustainingtreatment.

Examples: Drugs are

too costly, limitedsupply of organs.

About 13,000 patientsare on waiting list inthe US.


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-means bad death

- refers to the undue prolongation of lifeand delay of the occurrence of natural deathwhich in effect lengthens the suffering of the

person.

Examples:

Technologies such as a implantable

cardioverter defibrillator, artificial

ventilation, ventricular assist devices,and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can

extend the dying process.


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Against the Natural Law

- Any useless attempt to impede theoccurrence of death in its given

moment inflict violence on natureresulting to the undue suffering andpainful dying of the dying therebycontravening the natural law and the

dictates of reason


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An insult to the sovereign Master of Lifeand Death

Contrary to human dignity

To sum up its morality, just asEUTHANASIA is immoral because of itsmethod oh hastening ones death, so also

is DYSTHANASIA because of its method ofprolonging a persons death.


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is the irreversible end of all brainactivity (including involuntaryactivity necessary to sustain life)

due to total necrosis of thecerebral neurons following lossof brain oxygenation.


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First introduced in a 1968 report authored by a special

committee of the Harvard Medical School

Adopted in 1980, with modifications, by the President's

Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicineand Biomedical Research, as a recommendation for state

legislatures and courts

The "brain death" standard was also employed in the

model legislation known as the Uniform Determination ofDeath Act, which has been enacted by a large number of

jurisdictions and the standard has been endorsed by the

influential American Bar Association.


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Cerebrum

Controls memory, consciousness, and highermental functioning

Cerebellum Controls various muscle functions

Brain stem consisting of the midbrain,pons, and medulla, which extends

downwards to become the spinal cord Controls respiration and various basic

reflexes (e.g., swallow and gag)


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Unreceptivity and unresponsiveness

No movements or breathing

No reflexes

Flat EEG of confirmatory value


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NORMAL CEREBRAL ANOREXIA


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NORMAL CEREBRAL HEMMORHAGE


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NORMAL TRAUMA


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NORMAL MENINGITIS


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