ev contributing to integration of renewable energy ...implemented by 200 evs and 30 phase2:...
TRANSCRIPT
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.
June ,2017
Hitachi, Ltd.
EV Contributing to Integration of Renewable Energy
“Introduction of Maui project”
~JUMPSmartMaui~
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.
1. Maui Project Background / Goals
2
Background • Ambitious State goal – 100% renewables in 2045
(35% as of December 2015 including 72MW wind / 72MW solar)
• High penetration rate of rooftop solar (about 1 / 10 customers)
• EV acceptance
Project Goals • Increase renewables by distributed energy resource (DER) management
• Manage electric power quality by control of DERs
• Develop solutions for high penetration of electric vehicles on the grid
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Island of Maui Household as volunteer
Wind power DC Fast Charger
Storage battery
Photovoltaic
ICT
Transmission
EMS
Power Line
Power Line
LV Transformer μDMS
DMS
Distribution
配電変電所
ICT
PV with Smart PCS
L3 Chargers
配電網制御システム
Billing, Membership Incentive
EVECC
Battery Power Line
LV Transformer μDMS
ADMS
Distribution
Substation
ICT
PV with Smart PCS
DCFast Chargers
EVECC
EV with Normal Charger
Battery
Billing, Membership Incentive
Phase1: Demonstration was
implemented by 200 EVs and 30
Residences in whole island of Maui.
Phase2: Establishment of EV-Virtual
Power Plant
EVECC: EV Energy Control Center, ADMS: Advanced Distribution Management System,
LV: Low Voltage, DOE: Department of Energy
■ EV batteries are utilized as stationed Batteries for storing excess energy
and controlling frequency fluctuation.
2-1. Maui Project Phase1: Overview
Wind
Power PV Thermal
Power
Phase1 Phase2
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.
Lahaina
Wailea
Hana
Kahului
Wailuku
Kaanapali
Maalaea
Pukalani
Makawao
Haiku
Paia
Kula
Wailua
Kapalua
Kihei
2-2. Maui Project : Locations of Equipment
4
µDMS 15 sets
Local Battery 9 sets
Switch 12 sets
Bulk Battery
(Lead Acid; 576kWh)
Bulk Battery x 2sets
(Li-Ion; 153kWh x 2)
Level 2 Chargers 200set
EV-PCS 80sets
Servers
(DMS, EVECC, DLC)
SVC(400kVar)
DC Fast Chargers
DC Fast Charger
Stations 13 stations
Home Gateway 30sets
Smart PCS 10sets
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2-3. Maui Project Phase1: Approach(1) Example of DCFC installation
Volunteer recruit kick-off
Ceremony
@ Queen Kaahumanu Center
Jun 15, 2013 4:30 pm - 6:00 pm
5 DCFC: Direct Current Fast Charger
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.
2-4. Maui Project Phase1: Approach (2) : Data of EV DCFC usage
6
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
The number of utilization has increased
from the start of demonstration
Period
EV-kwh Charge Usage
Consumption
at DCFC
Distance
(mile) Estimated
Drive
Distance
*1
Gasoline vehicle A Gasoline vehicle B Gasoline vehicle C
Gasoline
consumption
(gallon)
CO2
emission
(Kg)
*2
Gasoline
Consumption
(gallon)
CO2
emission
(Kg)
*2
Gasoline
Consumption
(gallon)
CO2
emission
(Kg)
*2
2013 Sep.
-2016 Dec. 777,494 2,915,378 112,130 997,957 97,179 864,893 126,756 1,128,128
*1 Average electricity consumption of an EV based on usage consumption at DCFC
*2 Amount of CO2 emission is calculated based on USA (Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator)
DCFC: Direct Current Fast Charger
Early evening is peak-time for charging
(when people come back to home)
Estimation of CO2 emissions on gasoline vehicles when they drive same distance with EV ※
Nu
mb
er
of ch
arg
e [d
aily
] (2013 Sep. – 2015 Dec.)
2015 2014 2013
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
(2013 Sep. – 2016 Sep.)
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2-5. Duck Curve
Data from MECO
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
Sunday 10/23/2016
(a)
Over-generation risk
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3-1. Maui Project Phase2: Overview
By demonstration in highly RE penetrated area like Maui:
Phase2 will evaluate using integrated, controlled EV battery discharge
and management of distributed loads including V2X, as a “Virtual
Power Plant (VPP) ”
V2H (Vehicle to Home) V2G (Vehicle to Grid) VPP (Virtual Power Plant)
Phase2: Demonstration with “Dis-charging” function
Virtual Power Plant (VPP):
Aggregating and optimizing available distributed energy resources (such as EV,
storage and home side energy capability) to use optional energy sources
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3-2. Maui Project Phase2 : Use Case “EV-Parking”
9
EV
PCS
EV
PCS Distribution
board Parking lot
LOAD
Battery
EV
PCS
Home
appliances
Smart
PCS
EV
PV PV
EV and Battery charging
by PV excess energy
EV discharge for peak cut
EV users'
behavior
Features
EVs can be charged at workplace , and system allows controlled discharge to buildings in case
of emergency.
Batteries of vehicles returning home also can potentially be discharged during sunset peak
hours.
day night night
EV-Parking (Workplace ) Home (V2H in night time)
day night night
Expected Benefits
- Keep reducing curtailment of wind and solar power
- Increase flexibility for adjusting RE fluctuation
V2B and V2G functions allow charging during the mid-day period when excess solar power is available, and
discharging during the evening peak. This function will be tested at the office of the largest shopping mall
on Maui.
EV charging