Sci 30 – Diploma Practice Calculations

Make sure you have a calculator and I strongly urge you to bring a TI-83/84 calculator to the exam. Calculations will often come as the Numeric Response Questions – read the instructions carefully on how to enter your values. Nothing worse than doing all the hard work, getting the right answer, and putting it in wrong. Remember the test goes in order Bio, Chem, Physics, Environment

Full solutions will be available at my website and twitter feed soon. Answers are on the back of this sheet.

Biology

The only calculations in this unit will deal with percents when dealing with Punnet squares, so you probably won’t need to bust out that calculator until you get to the chem.

1. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive trait . a) Both parents are heterozygous and do not display cystic fibrosis.

i. Calculate the probability the first child of the parents above will receive at least one recessive allele (i.e. be a carrier or have cystic fibrosis)

ii. The probability the first child will have and display cystic fibrosis.

b) One parent has cystic fibrosis and the other is homozygous dominant.i. Calculate the probability the first child of the parents above will receive at least one recessive

allele (i.e. be a carrier or have cystic fibrosis)ii. The probability the first child will have and display cystic fibrosis.

c) Both parents have cystic fibrosis.i. Calculate the probability the first child of the parents above will receive at least one recessive

allele (i.e. be a carrier or have cystic fibrosis)ii. The probability the first child will have and display cystic fibrosis.

d) One parent has cystic fibrosis and the other is heterozygous.i. Calculate the probability the first child of the parents above will receive at least one recessive

allele (i.e. be a carrier or have cystic fibrosis)ii. The probability the first child will have and display cystic fibrosis.

Answers:

1. A. i) 75% ii) 25%B. i) 100% ii) 0%

C. i) 100% ii) 100%D. i) 100% ii) 50%

Chemistry

Three formulas in Chem. Two are found on the Acids/Bases Section (p.11) and the other is found on the Stoichiometry section (p.10). They will ask at least two questions, one using either the pH or [H3O+] calculation and the other a C=n/v titration calculation.

Remember, since the pH scale is logarithmic it means every step is a change of 10x. For instance, the hydronium concentration of an acid going from 6.6 to 4.6 increases 100 times!

pH= -log[H3O+(aq)] [H3O+(aq)] = 10(-pH)

C = n/V

2. Calculate the pH with the hydronium concentration is 5.49 X 10-4 mol/L.

3. Calculate the [H3O+] when the pH is 4.500.

4. Calculate the pH with the hydronium concentration is 7.00 X 10-7 mol/L.

5. Calculate the [H3O+] when the pH is 0.650

6. Calculate the number of mols (n) of hydronium in 4.50L solution when the pH is 8.000. The number of mols can be put in in the form a.bc × 10-d mols. The values of a, b, c, and d, are _______, ________, ________, and ____________.

7. A 3.50mol solution has a pH is 2.500. The volume can be put in in the form a.bc × 10d litres. The values of a, b, c, and d, are _______, ________, ________, and ____________.

8. Titration reveals that 11.6 mL of 3.0 mol/L acid is required to neutralize the sodium hydroxide in 25.0 mL of NaOH solution. What is the concentration of the NaOH solution?

9. In a titration experiment, 22.0 mL of 2.40 mol/L base are required to neutralize 50.0mL of unknown concentration acid. What is the concentration of the acid?

10. In a titration experiment, the burret runs the titrant 5 times, recording the following: 40.0mL, 40.2 mL, 40.1 mL, 44.0 mL, 39.9mL. What should the average titrant be if you only include accurate measurements in the form ab.c mL. The values of a, b, and c are _____, ______, and ______.

11. The titration experiment uses the average of the titrant results (12.0mL, 11.9mL, 11.8mL) of a 7.00 mol/L of HCl to neutralize a base. Calculate the concentration of 10.0mL solution of base.

Answers:2) 3.260 3) 3.16 X 10-5 mol/L 4) 6.155 5) 0.224 mol/L 6)

7)

8) 1.39 mol/L 9) 1.06 mol/L 10)

11) 8.33 mol/L

4 5 0 8

1 1 1 3

4 0 1

Sci 30 – Diploma Practice Calculations

Physics – Electricity and EM SpectrumLots of calculations in this section:

The first deals with field strength for electric and gravitational fields. Remember, the common mass and radius for the Earth/Sun are in the data book right below the formulas. Will definitely get one question on either the Electric Field or Gravitational Field Strength….

Then Ohm’s Law (V=IR) and the Power Law (P=IV). Energy can also be calculated from power (E=Pt), but remember Energy can be measured in either Joules or kWh. Kilowatt-hours is not in the data booklet

Resistance in a circuit will deal with series and parallel circuits. Identify first which type it is and then use the appropriate formula. Remember adding resistors in series increases the total resistance, but adding resistors on new branches in parallel circuits will decrease the total resistance….tricky, tricky, tricky….

The transformers questions will always deal with step-up or step-down transformers that increase or decrease the voltage.

Only one formula on EM-Spectrum, v = λ f, but remember v=3 X108 m/s when you are dealing with any wave on the EM spectrum (all of them – radio, infrared, visible, UV, x-ray, gamma)

12. On the Moon (radius=1.737 X 106 m), astronauts played golf to demonstrate differences in gravity. If the mass of the moon is 7.36 X1022 kg, what is the magnitude of the gravitational field strength?

13. On Planet McKennitt (mass 4.50 X 109 kg), a communication satellite is orbiting at a radius of 4.50 X 103m from the centre of the planet. What is the magnitude of the gravitational field strength? Put you answer in the form a.bc × 10-d N/kg. The values of a, b, c, and d, are _______, ________, ________, and ____________.

14. On the surface of the Earth, what is the gravitational field strength?

15. If a negatively charged balloon has a charge of q=-0.450 Coulombs, what it the electric field strength, when it is held:

a. 1.00 m awayb. 2.00 m awayc. 3.00 m away

16. If a positively charged balloon has a charge of q=+5.00 Coulombs, what it the electric field strength, when it is held 20.0m away? Put you answer in the form a.bc × 10d N/C. The values of a, b, c, and d, are _______, ________, ________, and ____________.

17. A light bulb has a resistance of 4 ohms and a current of 2 A. What is the voltage across the bulb?

18. How many ohms of resistance must be present in a circuit that has 120 volts and a current of 10 amps?

19. You have a large flashlight that takes 4 D-cell batteries. If the current in the flashlight is 2 amps, what is the resistance of the light bulb? (Hint: A D-cell battery has 1.5 volts.)

20. How many amperes does a 100 watt bulb require when operating on 120 volts? 21. An iron that heats with the power of 1200 watts at 120 volts is turned on.  Will it blow a 15 ampere fuse? 

22. Calculate the amount of power of an electric heating element, if the voltage required is 110 volts and the heater’s resistance is 2.5 ohms. Put you answer in the form a.bc × 103 W. The values of a, b, and c, are ______, ________, and ____________.

23. Use the diagram below to answer the following problems.

a. What is the total voltage in each circuit? b. How much current would be measured in each circuit if the light bulb has a resistance of 6 ohms? c. How much current would be measured in each circuit if the light bulb has a resistance of 12 ohms? d. Is the bulb brighter in circuit A or circuit B? Why?

24. How much electrical power is being dissipated by the light bulb in this circuit?

25. Calculate the resistance in the circuit below:

26. A circuit is shown on the right, made up of 3 resistors (20ohm, 30 ohm, and 50ohm.) The current is tested at 2A.a) Calculate the total resistanceb) Calculate the voltage needed to power the circuit.

27. A television converts 12,000 joules of electrical energy into light and sound every minute. What is the power of the television?

28. What energy is consumed in joules if a circuit uses 9.0V to run a 1.8A current for 30 seconds?

29. A dryer has a power rating of 5000 W and is run for 60 hours over the course of a summer.a) Calculate the energy consumed in kWh.b) If electricity costs $0.11/kWh, how much does it cost to run the dryer?

30. If the number of turns on a transformers primary ring is 200 and there are 500 turns on the secondary, what is the new value of the voltage if the initial value was 110 V?

31. If you increasing the voltage from 2V to 20V, how many turns must be on the secondary ring if there were 40 turns on the initial ring?

32. A radio wave, a form of electromagnetic wave, has a frequency of 99.5MHz (9.95x107 Hz). What is its wavelength?

33. A light wave travels through the air at a speed of 3.0 x108 m/s. Red light has a wavelength of about 6.6 x

10 -7 m. What is the frequency of red light? Put you answer in the form a.b × 10cd

Hz. The values of a, b, c, and d, are _______, ________, ________, and ____________.

34. An unknown wave has a frequency of 1.00 x 1016 Hz. What is the wavelength and where on the EM spectrum would you expect to find this type of wave?

Answers

12) 1.63 N/kg 13) 14) 9.83 N/kg

15) a) 4.05 X 109 N/C b) 1.01 X 109 N/C c) 4.50 X 108 N/C

16) 17) 8V 18) 12 ohms 19) 3 ohms 20) 0.833 A

21) Won’t blow (only 10A) 22)

23) a) Circuit A: 6V Circuit B: 12V b) Circuit A: 1A Circuit B: 2A

c) Circuit A: 0.5A Circuit B: 1A d) Bulb in Circuit B will be brighter – more current

24) 6.48 W 25) 12 Ohms 26) a) 100 ohms b) 200V

27) 200 W 28) 486 J 29) a) 300 kWh b) $33.00

30) 275V 31) 400 turns 32) 3.02 m 33)

34) 3 X 10-8 m, Ultraviolet

8211

8841

044

4154

Energy and Environment

There are three formulas that are used:The two major ones are:

The third (minor) formula is:efficiency%=output

inputX 100

Practice Problems:35. What is the ∆fH° of the following:

a) 6 mols of octaneb) 2 mols of oxygen gas36. Calculate the efficiency of a barbeque that produces 200 kJ of useful output energy for cooking when it uses 600 kJ of input energy?37. Calculate the chemical potential energy necessary of a power plant to output 2.9 X 1012J of energy if it is 21% efficient?38. Calculate the energy change of the combustion reactions shown below.a) 1__ C (s) + _1__ O2 (g) _1_ CO2 (g) b) 1__ CH4 (s) + _2__ O2 (g) _1_ CO2 (g) + _2_ H2O (g)39. Write a balanced nuclear reaction for the alpha decay and gamma decay of strontium-95.40. Write a balanced nuclear reaction for the beta decay of neon-20.41. According to the formula E=mc2, if 300.0J of energy is released in nuclear reaction, how much mass is consumed in the process? Put you answer in the form a.bc × 10

-15 kg. The

values of a, b, and c, are _______, ________, and ____________.42. For oxygen-18, identify how many protons/neutrons/nucleons and write it in nuclear notation.43. For the following, identify the unknown ???? particle and list which types of decay took place.Po84

218 →?? ?+ e−10 + He2

444. Throrium-230 undergoes alpha decay. a) Write out the nuclear reactionb) Calculate the change in mass from the reactants to the products and identify if the reaction is exothermic and endothermic.c) Calculate the energy change. Put you answer in the form a.b × 10cd

J. The values of a, b, c, and d, are _______, ________, ________, and ____________.

Answers

35) a) -1500.6 kJ b) 0 kJ 36) 33.3% 37) 1.39 X 1013 J of input

38) a) -393.5 kJ b) -802.5 kJ

39) Sr3895 → He2

4 + γ00 + Kr36

91

40) Ne1020 → e−1

0 + Na1120

41)

42) O818 , protons-8, neutrons-10, nucleons-1843) Bi83

214 , alpha and beta decay

44) a) Th90230 → He2

4 + Ra88226

b) 6.22 X 10-6 kg

c)

333

1165

Science 30 – Prep Course – Review Notes Package

Circulation (4-5 Questions)

Anatomy of the Heart and Pathway of Blood Flow

Arteries /Arterioles Veins / Venules Capillaries

Blood Components

Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets Plasma

Health and Medical Problems

Immune System (2-3 questions)

First Line of Defense

The Immune Response

1 – Pathogens Enter 2 – Pathogen Consumed by Macrophage

3 – Helper T-Cell Calls for support

4 – B-Cells Produce Antibodies for Marking

5 – Killer T-Cells destroy marked cells

6 – Memory Cells Remember the Infection and Suppressor Cells shut down the immune response.

Other terms to know when dealing with the immune system…

Vaccines Antibiotics Autoimmune Disease

Genetics (6-7 Questions)

DNA, Replication, and Mutations

Meiosis

Fertilization

Mitosis

Protein Synthesis

Punnet Squares and Pedigree Charts

Genetic Engineering

Acids and Bases (5 Questions)

Acids and Bases and pH

pH and [H3O+] Calculation – practice calculations on handout/website

Indicators

Titration

Organic Chem (2-3 Questions)

Functional Groups – know the basics of naming, but focus on identifying the functional group.

Environmental Chemistry (2-3 Questions)

Acid Deposition

Buffering Capacity

Environmental Issues to Know

Electricity (9 Questions)

Fields

Magnetic Gravitational Electric

Field Strength:

Circuits:

Series Parallel

Circuit Analogy:

Alternating Current (AC) Direct Current (DC)

Motors and Generators

Calculations:

Electromagnetic Spectrum (3 Q’s)

Radio Microwave Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X-Ray Gamma

Wave Behaviour

Reflection Refraction Diffraction Polarization

Astronomy (2 Questions)

Line Spectra: Emission/Bright Line and Absorption/Dark Line

Spectra Analysis: Matching the lines up to find the unknown gas.

Evolution of Stars Read summary in review notes handout.

Energy and the Environment

World Population and Energy Consumption and Sustainable Development (3-4 Questions)

Fuel Sources (3-4 Questions)

Non-Renewable Renewable

Sources of Energy (1-2 Question)

Which fuel sources rely on…

Solar Radiant (aka The Sun!)

Gravitational Energy Nuclear Energy

Molar Heat of Combustion Calculation (1 Question)

Efficiency Calculation (1 question)

Comparing Power Plants (1 Question)

Nuclear Energy (4-5 Questions)

Fission Fusion

Decays

Alpha Beta Gamma

Calculations

Balancing Nuclear Reactions

Using the Mass Table

E=mc2