everyone has duty

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rmwdum

wm0efudk,fpD &Sd=uonf - 1

toif;tzGJ@[lonf - 4

0domcgtzGJ@ (csufðywfa&;) - 20

arwWm0d[m&D0wftoif; - 21

TBSA Newsletter Team - 23

DC-HIPPO (abmvHk;oif;) - 25

AYE-THET SCHOLARSHIP EXAMINATION

(odk@r[kwf) aEG&moDAk'<bmomtajccHoifwef;pmar;yGJ

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25

a0,sm0pP vkyftm;ukodkvf - 38

bk&m;ypPnf; i&JrD;ESifh oHCm›ypPnf; tqdyfoD; - 40

i&JrD;ESifh tqdyfoD; - 41

vlr_a&;toif;tzGJ@ESifh omoema&;toif;tzGJ@ - 42

rdrdESifh ywf0ef;usif - 44

okH;acsmif;axmufyrm aqmif±Gufyg - 46

ESpfpOf rSwfwrf;"mwfykH - 46

uHpyfu v_dif;awGvkd tjrJvS=uygap - 47

w&m;pcef;ESifh ausmif;aumfrwD - 48

"rRmeEN ESifh uy`d, - 49

aus;Zl;&Sif r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;. =o0g' - 50

c&rf;òrd@ oajyukef; r[mpnf omoemh&dyfom

q&mawmf OD;okre. =o0g'/ toif;tzGJ@ysufa=umif; 3-yg;

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51

qufvufxGef;y aetkH;rnf - 53


OD;aZmwmvuFm&


yHkESdyfrSwfwrf;

pma&;ol - OD;aZmwmvuFm& ("r®meE´ 0d[m&)

Theravada Buddhist Society of America

17450 South Cabrillo Hwy

Half Moon Bay, CA 94019, USA

Monastery: (650) 726-7604-03

Mobile: (650) 307-7775

'u©dPm½Hkausmif;wdkuf

usKduf0dkif;? r&rf;ukef;NrdKYe,f

ausmif;zkef; 01 651 764

vufudkifzkef; 09 857 2049

xkwfa0ol - a':rsKd;rsKd;vwf? a&Tacwfpmay

tcef;(21)? 'gevrf;? om,mukef;/

r*FvmawmifnGefY/

yHkESdyfol - OD;pef;OD;

SKCC Press 67? 164 vrf;

wmarG/

wefzdk; - "r®'ge

tkyfa& - 1000


wm0efudk,fpD &Sd=uonf

1

wm0efukd,fpD &Sd=uonf

“wm0ef”qkdwm “rv$JraoG vkyfaqmif&rnfhtr_udpP”jzpfonf?

wm0efwck rdrdtay: vkyfaqmif&ef usa&mufvm+yDqkdv#if vkyfukdvkyf&

rnfjzpfonf/ rsufarSmufacwfY vl@toif;tzGJ@rSmjzpfap˜ &[ef;awmf

toif;tzGJ@rSmjzpfap rdrdwkd@taeeJ@ us&mwm0efukd raqmif±GufEkdif=u

bl;qkdv#if xkdtoif;tzGJ@[m b,fawmhrS rwkd;wufbl;/ qkwf,kwfysuf

pD;zkd@omjzpfrnf? rdrdus&mwm0efukd aqmif±GufwJhae&mwGif olwyg;.

wm0eftay: pGufzufwm aESmifh,Sufwm rjzpfapyJ ulnDr_ yhHykd;r_om

jzpfoifhonf?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

2

rlvbk&m;aqmifrS bk&m;qif;wkawmf}uD;

ajymif;a±$@bk&m;aqmifopfrS qif;wkawmf}uD;



3

,ae@ "rRmeEN 0d[m&. wkd;wuf}uD;yGg;r_twGuf aqmif±Gufae=u

aom TBSA toif;˜ 0domcg csufðywfa&;tzGJ@˜ pGrf;tm;&Sif vli,frsm;˜

arwWm0d[m&D0wftzGJ@˜ at;šoufpaumvmh&SpftzGJ@ ponfwkd@rSm wm

0efukd,fpD&Sd=uygonf/ us&mwm0efrsm;ukd yDyDjyifjyif raqmif±GufEkdif

aomtzGJ@[m wjznf;jznf; qkwf,kwfoGm;rnfomjzpfonf/ trSefawmh

0domcgpwJh tzGJ@i,fawG. wkd;wufr_ qkwf,kwfr_[m yifrtzGJ@}uD;

jzpfaom TBSA toif;}uD;tay:rSm wnf&Sdaeygonf/ tzGJ@i,fawG[m

toif;}uD;.tay:rSm rSDckdae=u&ygonf? 'gha=umifh toif;}uD;jzpfaom

TBSAtaeeJ@ rdrdukd,fwkdifvnf; toif;.wkd;wufr_ qkwf,kwfr_ukd

vpOfqef;ppfzkd@vkdonf/ toif;.tr_aqmifvl}uD;rsm; vlopfrsm;˜ rsKd;

qufopfvli,frsm;ukdvnf; wGJac:um wjznf;jznf; vufqifhurf;vsuf

tzGJ@0ifopfrsm;ukd wkd;csJ@oifhygonf// tzGJ@i,frsm;tay:vnf; pepfwus

vrf;n$efay;zkd@vkdygonf? pepfrusaom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;[m wm&SnfpGm

rwnfwHh rckdifjrJEkdif=uyg/ rdciftoif;}uD;taeeJ@ wESpfrSm 2-}udrfwef

onf okH;}udrfwefonf tpnf;ta0;ac:um tzGJ@i,frsm;ESifh aqG;aEG;

wkdifyifI vkdtyfonfrsm;ukd jznfhpGufay; oifhygonf?

omoemawmftwGuf udpPukdaqmif±Gufonfhae&mrSm omoem

awmfrS ightwGuf bm&rnfvJ´vkd@ rpOf;pm;yJ iguom omoemawmf

wnfhwHhckdifjrJa&;twGuf b,fvkdñud;pm;tm;xkwfr,fvkd@ pOf;pm;vsuf

omoemhudpPrsm;ukd aqmif±Guf=u&ygrnf?

toif;tzGJ@wckck txl;ojzifh omoema&;toif;tzGJ@Y rdrdtae

eJ@ yg0ifaqmif±GufcGifh&rnfqkdv#if ukokdvf&zkd@vkdonf/ omoema&;qkd

wm y&[dwvkyfief;rsm;wGif tjrifhjrwfqkH; vkyfief;wckjzpfonf/

ukokdvfr&bl;qkdv#if rdrdtzkd@ ckb0 aemifb0 TESpfXmevkH;Y t±_H;}uD;


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

4

±_H;ygvdrfhrnf/ 'Dae&mrSm awmifpGef;q&mawmf. "rRab&D pnf}uD;

±kdufcwfoHukd em;axmifoifh.---

bk&m;ausmif;uefYjzpfap˜ toif;tzGJ@Yjzpfap

wpkHwckaqmif±Guf&mwGif oif yg0ifcGifh&ygu

oifhukdoif ar;=unfhygwJh---

“igonf Ttoif;tzGJ@Y

ae&m&csifvkd@vm;´

tm%mjycsifvkd@vm;´

ukokdvf&csifvkd@vm;´”

q&mawmf. pnf}uD;±kdufcwfoH =um;&olwkdif;[m “ukokdvf&csif

vkd@ aqmif±Gufwmyg” vkd@ tajzay;ol rsm;=uvdrfhrnf[k xifygonf/

vlwkdif;[m rdrdus&mwm0efukd wm0efodod ukd,fpDukd,fi aqmif±Guf

oGm;Ekdifygap˜ vl}uD;rsm;uvnf; vli,frsm;ukd vrf;!$efvsuf wGJac:um

qufvufaqmif±GufEkdif=uygap[k txyfxyf tzefzef E_d;aqmftyfyg

onf?

toif;tzGJ@[lonf

opfyifawmawmif±kyfavmutaeeJ@ }uD;yGg;wkd;wuf atmifjrifzkd@

&mrSm nDnGwfpGm ukd,fhudpP ukd,faqmif±Gufr_[m ta&;}uD;ygonf?

tvm;wlyif vl@avmutaeeJ@vJ wkd;wufatmifjrifzkd@&mrSm nDnGwfpGm

ukd,fhudpP ukd,faqmif±Gufr_[m ta&;}uD;ygonf?

toif;tzGJ@ESifh ywfoufI v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m;}uD; a[m=um;

awmfrltyfaom w&m;awmfum;----



5

“toif;qkdonfrSm nDnGwfpGm ðyvkyfaqmif±Guf=uaom tr_udpP

jzpfa=umif;/ wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; taygif;toif; nDnGwf=uonfqkdaomf

vlukdrqkdxm;ESifhOD; pdwfapwemr&Sdaom opfyifwkd@wkHaomfvnf; ,kd,Gif;

ysufpD;jcif;ukd rjzpfEkdif/ +rJjrHckdifrmpGm wnfwHha=umif;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;

ocifonf ±kuQ"rRZmwf (Zm/ 1 / 17? Zm/ Ï/ 1/ 346) Y–

om"l orŠ[kvm ^mwD/ tyd ±kuQm t&nZm?

0gawm 0[wd {uÏH/ jA[Eœr`d 0ey`wö?

[k a[mawmfrlonf?

^mwD-taqGtrsKd;wkd@onf/ orŠ[kvm-nDnDnmnm rsm;ukefrl

um;/ om"l-aumif;vSygukef./ t&nZm-awmYjzpfukefaom/ ±kuQmyd-

opfyifwkd@onfvnf;/ orŠ[kvm-nDnD nmnmrsm;ukefrlum;/ om"l-

aumif;vSygukef./ {uÏH-wpfyifwnf;omwnfaom/ jA[EœH-}uD;pGm

aom/ 0ey`wdr`d-awmpkd;opfyif}uD;ukdaomfvnf;/ 0gawm-avonf/

0[wd-òzdvSJEkdif.?

t"dy`g,frSm– avmuY taqGtrsKd;awmfolwkd@ tcsif;csif;

oifhwifhnDnGwfpGm 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om&Sd=uv#if &efolwkd@onf rzsufqD;

Ekdifukef/ vlukdrqkdxm;ESifh/ awmopfyifrsm;yif nDnmu ava=umifh

rysufpD;Ekdif=uyg?

a&S;vGefav+yD;aomtcgu Am&m%oDjynfY jA[R'wfrif;}uD;

rif;ðypOf [dr0Eœmawm0,f a&S;OD;pGmjzpfaom a0\0%fewfrif;}uD;

aoI od=um;rif;onf wpfa,mufaom a0\0%f ewfrif;ukd

vJvS,fI aeaponf&Sdaomf xkda0\0%fewfrif;u ewftaygif;wkd@

tm; ‘opfyif}uD; opfyifi,f t±G,ftrsKd;rsKd;rsm;ukd tvkd&Sd&mXmewGif

ESpfouf&m ,liif=uu kef’[k rdef@awmfrlonf&Sdaomf bk&m;tavmif;


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

6

onf [dr0Eœmt&yfwGif wpfckaomtif=uif;awmrSm ±kuQpkd;ewfjzpfI

ae./ xkdbk&m;tavmif;jzpfaom ewfrif;onf aqGrsKd;awmfol ewf

taygif;wkd@tm; ‘oifwkd@onf Adrmefae&m,lukefaomtcg vGifjyifY

aygufa&mufaom opfyifwkd@ukdr,l=uukefvifh/ rdrdAdrmefteD;&Sd tif=uif;

awmrSm t+cHt&H&S daom opfyifrsm;ukd ,l=uukefavmh’[k ajymqkd.?

xkdtcg ynm&Sdaomewfwkd@onf tif=uif;awmwGif wpfyifESifh

wpfyif tukdif;csif;,Suf tcufcsif;vdrfum rSDwG,f&m trsKd;rsKd;&Sdaom

ae&mAdrmefukd ,l=uukefonf/ ynmr&Sdaom ewfwkd@onf vGifjyift&yf

Y aygufa&muf vsuf&Sdaom opfyif}uD;wkd@ukd ,l=uukefonf?

wpfae@oY }uD;pGmaom avjyif;rkefwkdif; vmonf&Sdaomf tif=uif;

awmwGif wpfyifESifhwpfyif tukdif;csif; tcufcsif; t±Gufcsif; aygif;oif;

nDnGwfpGm pyfvsOfrSDwG,f=u&ojzifh ,drf;um EGJ@um aeomxkdifom

&Sd±kHouJhokd@ jzpf=uukefonf/ vGifjyift&yfY&Sdaom opfyif}uD;wkd@onf

av.t[kefjzifh tjrpfqkHESifhwuG u|rf;axmifI vJ=uavonf/ xkdtcg

opfyif}uD;rSmaeaom ewfwkd@onf rSD&mwnf&m r&=uukef/ tif=uif;

awmae ±kuQpkd;ewfrsm;u ajymqkdonfrSm ‘txufu toifewfwkd@

onf vGifjyifxD;xD; opfyif}uD;ukd pkd;rkd;ykdifqkdif aexkdif&onfhtwGuf

yif}uD;&SdefwufI u|Ekfyfwkd@ukd ysuf&,fajymifavSmif=uavonf/ ,ckrSmrl

avjyif;vmaomtcg u|Ekfyfwkd@ opfyifi,frsm;.wnf&m tif=uif;awm

rSm wpfyifESifhwpfyif wpfukdif;ESifhwpfukdif; nDnGwfpGm rSD&m wnf&m

&&Sd=uojzifh ysufpD;jcif; r&Sd=uyg/ yif}uD;&Sifrsm;rSmom rSD&mwnf&m

nDnmrnfhol r&SdI ukd,fxD;usef &avonf’[k ajymqkd=uaom wqifh

pum;rsm;ukd bk&m;avmif;ewfom; odojzifh ewftaygif;wkd@tm;

ynm&Sdwkd@pum;ukd em;raxmifbJ rSD&mwnf&m axmufyHhnDnGwfpGm

r&Sdaomt&yfukd oGm;ukefaom olwkd@onf TuJhokd@yif ysufpD;&+rJjzpf



7

a=umif;ESifh ajymqkdaom ‚if;opfyifOyrmuJhokd@ nDnGwfpGm aygif;oif;

qufqHjcif; tr_rnfonf ysufpD;jcif;iSgrwwfEkdif˜ +rJjrHckdifcHaom tr_rsKd;

yif jzpfavonf?

xkd@jyif tdrfaqmufvkyf&m wHwm;aqmufvkyf&mrsm;Y cif;xm;

aom =urf;rsm;uJhokd@ wpfacsmif;pD wpfacsmif;pDom &Sdygrl usKd;yJhysufpD;

&myif jzpfavonf/ trsm;tjym; nDnDnGwfnGwf cif;xm;u rysuf

rpD;Ekdif/ }uH@ckdifpGm wnfaeouJhokd@ toif;[laom nDnGwfjcif;onf +rJjrH

ckdifcHhaom tr_rsKd;yifjzpfa=umif; Oyrmtm;jzifh a[m=um;awmfrlygonf?

xdk@jyif b'N0*~Drif;om;okH;usdyfwkd@ESifhwuG tajcGt&Hy&dowfwkd@yg

jrwfpGmbk&m; vufxufawmfrSm ra&S;raESmif;waygif;wnf; t&[wW

zkdvfedAŠmefukd rsufarSmufðy=u&ukefonf/ TuJhokd@ nDnDnmnm edAŠmef

csrf;omwkdifa&muf&jcif;ta=umif;rSm yg&rDjznfhqnf;yl;pOf aemufaemuf

aom b0rsm;u toif;tyif;ðyI olaX;om;rsm; jzpfpOftcgwGif

a&r&Sdaomt&yfY a&wGif;a&uef wl;azmfay;=ujcif;˜ oGm;vm&efvrf;

rsm;ukd jyifqifay;=ujcif;˜ wHwm;aqmufvkyfcif;usif;ay;=ujcif;˜ olem

rsm;ukd aq;0g;tpmtm[m&rSpI ðypkau|;arG; axmufyHhay;urf;=ujcif;˜

aoaomolrsm;ukd oò*õ[frnfholr&Sdv#if rdrdwkd@u oò*õ[faqmif±Guf=u

jcif;˜ qif;&J'kuQa&muf&Sd ae=uolrsm;ukd ðypkau|;arG; ay;urf;jcif;paom

tr_rsm;ukd tnDtnGwf ðyvkyfaqmif±Guf ay;=uzl;onfhtwGufa=umifh

t&[wWzkdvfokd@ wòydifeuf &&Sd=uavonf?

xkd@jyif uy`derif;}uD;ESifhwuG rif;a,musfm; tajcGt&Hy&dowf

taemZmrdzk&m;ESifhwuG rif;rdef;r tajcGt&H y&dowfwkd@onfvnf;

r*fzkdvfedAŠmefuk d twlwuG&=ujcif;onf aemufaemufaom b0rsm;u


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

8

yg&rDjznfhusifhqnf;yl;pOftcg ukovurRyxrsm;ukd tnDtnm ðyvkyf

=uojzifhom &=ua&muf=uavukefonf?

TuJhokd@aom 0wˆKoufaorsm;ukd axmufxm;ojzifh toif;

tyif; zGJ@pnf;wnfaxmifðyvkyfjcif;wnf;[laom nDnmpGmaqmif±Guf

vkyfukdifjcif;rsKd;rnfonf ,ckrSay:vmaom enf;opf enf;qef;r[kwf/

a&S;a&S;aom olawmfaumif; ynm&Sdtaygif;wkd@ ðyvkyf=u+rJ "avh

xkH;pH}uD;jzpfavonf/ okd@jzpfI toif;zGJ@pnf;jcif;onf avmuD

avmukwW&m ESpfjzmaomtusKd; wkd;yGg;rsm;ajrmifEkdifa=umif;” rdef@qkdn$efjy

a[m=um;awmfrlavonf? (v,fwDq&mawmf}uD;. b0jzpfawmfpOf/

741-743?)1

,ae@ "rRmeENwkd;wuf}uD;yGg;zkd@twGuf aqmif±Gufae=uaom

TBSA toif;rStp toif;}uD;i,frsm;. twdwf ypPKy`ef ESpfwefaom

tajctaeawGukd =unfhrnfqkdv#if---

1979-ckESpfwGif tar&duefEkdifiH u,fvDzkd;eD;,m;jynfe,f San

Francisco, Bay Area okd@ r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;trª;&Sdaom

omoemðytzGJ@ =uGvmpOfu OD;cspfxGef;paom 'g,um˜'g,dumrrsm;.

av#mufxm;csuft& q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;onf Ak'<bmom omoem

awmf jyef@yGg;a&;ukda&S;±_I q&mawmfOD;oDvmeENESifh q&mawmf

OD;auvmowkd@tm; omoemawmfjyef@yGg;a&;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif±Guf&ef

tar&duefY oDwif;okH;apcJhygonf?

1

"rRa'oemw&m;owif;pm/ twGJ-6/ trSwf-76/ 1915-ckESpf/ azazmf0g&Dv/

(pmrsufESm 20-23)?



9

1979-ck {+yDv r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m}uD;

wynfhrsm;ESifh}uGawmfrlpOf

q&mawmfOD;oDvmeENmbd0HoESifh q&mawmfOD;auvmo


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

10

xkdtcsdefwGif Dr. Chwan ESSifh Mr. Eddie Khoo wkd@onf tjcm;

jrefrmAk'<bmomrsm;ESifhtwl jrefrmtoif;ESifh bkef;awmf}uD;ausmif;

wausmif;jzpfajrmufa&;twGuf pwifñud;yrf;aqmif±Gufr_a=umifh q&m

awmf OD;oDvmeEN. =o0g'ukdcH,lum Theravada Buddhist Society of

America toif;ukd 1980-ck azazmf0g&Dv 26-&ufae@wGif pwif

wnfaxmifEkdifcJh+yD; Dr. Chwan u OuUÏ˜ Mr. Eddie Khoo u 'kOuUÏ

tjzpf toD;toD; wm0ef,laqmif±GufcJh=uonf/ Dr. Chwan ta&S@ykdif;

okd@ ajymif;a±$@oGm;onfhtcg toif;. OuUÏwm0efukd Mr. Eddie Khoo

u qufvuf wm0ef,lcJh&onf?

ukd,fykdifbkef;}uD;ausmif;r&ao;rDumvtwGif; qefz&efppPukdòrd@

Staplevrf;&Sd tdrfwvkH;ukdiSg;&rf;um q&mawmftm;“"rRmeEN 0d[m&”

trnf&Sd ,m,Dausmif;0,f oDwif;okH;aexkdifapcJhygonf/ xkdumv

twGif; jrefrmvlrsKd;rsm;. aetdrfvdyfpmrsm;ukd pkaqmif;+yD; bkef;awmf}uD;

ausmif; jzpfajrmufa&;twGuf tvª&Sifrsm;xHokd@ ae@pOf q&mawmfukd

trª;xm;I OuUÏ Mr. Eddie Khoo onf useftzGJ@0if (Violet Khoo,

Julie Han, a':at;csKd˜ OD;vSaiG) rsm;ESifhtwl oGm;a&muf tvªcHcJh=u

&onf? tJ'Dvkd tm;oGefcGefpkduf ñud;yrf;aqmif±GufcJhr_a=umifh 1981-ck

rwfvxJrSm Daly City òrd@ Woodrowvrf;&Sd tdrfwtdrfukd 0,f,lum

jrefrmykdifbkef;awmf}uD;ausmif;tjzpf pwifwnfaxmifEkdifcJhjcif;jzpfonf/

1982-ckESpfrS 2012-ckESpf ,ae@wkdif OD;xifay:˜ OD;vSaiG˜ Mr.

Stanley Khoo, OD;xdef0if;˜ OD;b[kef˜ Mr. Peter Khoo, OD;wifxGwf˜

OD;jrwfxl;paom OuUÏ toD;toD; vufqifhurf; aqmif±GufcJh=u&m

wGif 1996-ckESpf ('kwd,t}udrf) OuUÏjzpfaom OD;vSaiGvufxufrSm

Half Moon Bay Y tdrf 2-tdrfyg 6²7 {u&Sd ae&mukd 0,f,lum

bkef;}uD;ausmif;uefESifhwlaomae&mukd &&SdcJhyg onf?



11

xkdpOfu TBSA b¾ma&;rª;jzpfwJh a':cifpef;jrifhu rdrdukd,fwkdif

xkdae&mukd&Sm+yD; 0,f,l&mwGif tdrfESifhajr&m a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;

tusKd;aqmifcaiG a':vm 8˜876š 1˜500 (Termite credit)] pkpkaygif;

a':vm 10˜376-ukd vª'gef;cJhygonf?

a'vDpDwD;òrd@ "rRmeEN 0d[m&


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

12

[mhzfrGef;aA;òrd@ "rRmeEN 0d[m&

oHCmhausmif;aqmifa[mif;



13

Half Moon Bay ae&mopfukd 0,f+yD;aemuf vtwefi,ft=um

rSm Daly City ae&ma[mif;ukd a&mif;cJh&onf/ xkdta&mif;t0,fudpPukd

aqmif±Gufay;aom Mr. Daniel Chein uvnf; ol.0efaqmifcaiG

a':vm 5˜300-ukd vª'gef;cJhjyefygonf?

tvª&Sif 2-OD;wkd@[m rdrdwkd@ tdrfta&mif;t0,faqmif±Guf&mwGif

&&Sdaom 0efaqmifc aiGrsm;ukd okH;wefapwem jywfom;pGmjzifh vª'gef;cJh

=uwmrkd@ 0rf;omzG,fjzpf=u&onf?

tdrf 2-vkH;wGif wpfvkH;ukd &[ef;awmfrsm;ae&mausmif;˜ wpfvkH;ukd

qGrf;pm;ausmif;tjzpf tokH;ðy=u&ygonf?

2000-ckESpf Zlvkdifv txl;xkwf pmapmif(24)Y

TBSA pGrf;tm;&Sifrsm;.ykH?

q&mawmfrsm;ESifh vkyftm;ay; pGrf;tm;&Sifrsm;


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

14

TBSA pGrf;tm;&Sifrsm;u "rRmeEN 0d[m& y&d0k%ftwGif; jruf±kdif;rsm;

csKHykwfaygif;rsm;pGmukd tifwkduftm;wkduf oef@&Sif;ypfcJh=uygonf? xreJyGJ

rSmvJ [email protected];tm;ukdawG@jrifcJh=u&onf ,cktcgrSmawmh pGrf;tm;&Sif

rsm;. pGrf;tifawGum; csnfheJ@vmaeygonf/ “xyfrH tm;jznfh=uygpkd@”

vkd@ E_d;aqmfvkduf&ygonf?

OuUÏ OD;jrwfxl;vufxufwGifrl &[ef;awmfrsm;ae&mausmif;ukd

zsuf+yD; oHCmaqmiftjzpf topfaqmufvkyfum 2004-ckESpf rwfv

14-&ufae@Y “"rRmeEN 0d[m& ausmif;awmfopf” zGifhyGJukd ðyvkyfEkdifcJh

ygonf?

"rRmeEN 0d[m& ausmif;awmfopf



15

[mhzfrGef;aA;òrd@ "rRmeEN 0d[m& oHCmhausmif;aqmifopf

"rRmeEN 0d[m&ac: "rRmeEN&dyfomum; aus;Zl;&Sifq&mawmf}uD; trª;ðy

aom &[ef;awmf 5-yg; (q&mawmf}uD; OD;oDvmeENmbd0Ho˜

q&mawmf}uD; OD;aombe˜ q&mawmf OD;aZmwmvuFm&˜ q&mawmf

OD;=oo"˜ OD;eENdaoe) u omoemhwm0ef ukd,fpD&Sdae=uI y&d,wf

yËdywf bufpkHomoemðyXmevnf; jzpfaecJhygonf?

TBSA toif;}uD;&J@ OuUÏawG wqifhwqifh vufqifhurf;

vm=u&m0,f Mr. Stanley Khoo (OD;vSatmif) vufxufwGifum;

qGrf;pm;ausmif;ukdzsufI ausmif;awmfcef;rukd topfaqmufvkyf&ef

Bid ac:&mwGif ukdarmif&i fu “olom vkyf&rnfqkd&if q&mawmfhcef;r

ukd orkdif;0iftjzpf wnfaqmufay;rnf”[k av;av; eufeufajymqkdc Jh

onf/ olaqmufvkyfcGifh&vmonfhtcg olajymwJhtwkdif; “ausmif;awmf

cef;r}uD;”ukd aqmufvkyfay;EkdifcJhygonf?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

16

xkdcef;r}uD;ukd aus;Zl;&Sif "rRmeEN q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;ukd *k%fðy

onfhtaejzif@ “q&mawmf OD;oDvmeEN cef;r”[k trnfay;um 2010

ckESpf ZGefv 13-&ufae@Y ‘ausmif;awmfcef;rzGifhyGJ’ukdvnf; ðyvkyfEkdifcJh

ygonff?

[mhzfrGef;aA;òrd@ "rRmeEN 0d[m&

oHCmhausmif;aqmifa[mif; ESifh qGrf;pm;ausmif;aqmifa[mif;

[mhzfrGef;aA;òrd@ "rRmeEN 0d[m& qGrf;pm;ausmif;aqmifa[mif;



17

[mhzfrGef;aA;òrd@ "rRmeEN 0d[m& q&mawmfOD;oDvmeEN

cef;rESifhqGrf;pm;ausmif;aqmifopf


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

18

q&mawmf OD;oDvmeENcef;r bk&m;cef; xkdifawmfrlykH

q&mawmfcef;r}uD; atmifjrifpGm +yD;pD;&mY tvª&Sifrsm;. ESvkH;

tdrf0,f &moufyef txdrf;trSwftjzpf odrf;xm;csifaomt&mum;

“igwkd@vª'gef;vkdufaomaiGrsm;jzifh wnfaqmufcJhaom q&mawmf

cef;r}uD;.ukefusr_ESifh [mhzfrGef;aA; ausmif;ae&m0,fpOfESifh a'vDpDwD;

ausmif;a&mif;pOfu ta&mif;t0,faqmif±Gufay;=uolawGu rdrdwkd@

0efaqmifcawGukdvª'gef;=uovkd orkdif;0if taqmuftOD}uD;ukdaqmuf

vkyfay;cJhol ukdarmif&if. 0efaqmifcESifh 0efaqmifcxJrS tvªaiG”

wkd@ukd rSwfom;xm;vkdjcif;yif jzpfonf?



19

q&mawmf OD;oDvmeENcef;r bk&m;cef; &yfawmfrlykH

q&mawmfcef;r}uD; jzpfay:vm&ef rwnfaiGvª'gef;ol ESpfOD;uawmh

(1) a':vm wpfodef; ($100,000) vª'gef;aom oufawmf&Snf

q&mawmf}uD; OD;aombeESifh

(2) a':vm wpfodef; &Spfaomif; wpfaxmif ($181,000)

¡Anonymous donor donated $181,000 in November,

2010.¢vª'gef;aom a[mifaumifrS trnfraz:vkdolwkd@

jzpfygonf?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

20

q&mawmf}uD; OD;aombeu qÏoH*g,emwifpOfrSpI "rRmeEN

q&mawmf}uD; OD;oDvmeENESifhtwlwuG omoemðyudpPrsm;ukd aqmif

±GufcJhonfhjyif oD&dvuFmYvnf; twlwuG ynm&SmcJh&onfjzpfI

'VSDrdwW ckdifjrJvSaom rdwfaqG}uD;jzpfygonf/ trnfrazmfvkdol tvª@&Sif

uawmh "rRmeENq&mawmf}uD;tm; tvGefav;pm;=unfnkdaom wynfh

'um§'umr wpfOD; jzpfzG,f&Sdygonf?

TBSA toif;}uD;taeeJ@ "rRmeEN 0d[m&rSm jzpfay:vmaom

taqmuftODrsm;ESifh ywfoufaom ukefusr_ukd tvª&Sifrsm; ukokdvf

yGg;Ekdif=u&ef ausmif;.waxmifhwae&mrSm rSwfwrf;wifxm;oifhygonf?

"rRmeEN 0d[m& &dyfomtwGif;0,f oHCmaqmifESifh q&mawmf

cef;raqmifwkd@[m aeESifhvyrm vGefpGmwifhw,f usufoa&&SdvSygonf?

aus;Zl;&Sifq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;.t&Sdeft0gatmuf0,f yDjyifaom

&dyfomausmif;awmf}uD; jzpfvmygawmhonf?

0domcgtzGJ@ (csufðywfa&;)? ? Daly City òrd@Y "rRmeEN 0d[m&

ausmif;wnfaxmifonfrSpI ESpfpOf xreJyGJ˜ o}uFefyGJ˜ Ak'<ae@yGJ˜ 0gqkd

ouFef;uyfyGJ˜ 0gu|wfyGJ˜ uxdefouFef;uyfyGJrsm;Y a':cifjrifh˜ a':at;

wif wkd@OD;aqmifwJh 0domcgtzGJ@u csufðywfa&;ukd aqmif±GufcJh=uonf/

a':at;wif touf}uD;&ifhvmawmh ukd,fwkdifukd,fus rvkyfEkdifawmh

onfhtcg orD;}uD;jzpfol a':&D&Dodef;tm; vkyfaqmifapcJhygonf?

a':cifjrifhESifh a':&D&Dodef;wkd@OD;aqmif+yD; 0domcgtzGJ@ukd qufvuf

v_yf&Sm;apEkdifcJhygonf/ 1998-ckESpf aemufykdif;rSmawmh a':cifjrifhvJ

touft±G,fuvnf;}uD;˜ usef;rma&;uvnf; raumif;awmhI

tem;,loGm;onfhtcg a':&D&Dodef;˜ a':vSvS0if;wkd@ OD;aqmifum

a':wifwif0if;˜ a':cifaqG˜ a':ar$;ar$;˜ Amy Ma, Kittie Ho,



21

a':cifvSKdifESifh a':ESif;armifarmifwkd@ 0domcgtzGJ@[m csufðywfa&;ukd

pHepfwus qufvufaqmif±GufEkdifcJh=uonf? ,cktcgrSmawmh a':&D&D

odef;˜a':vSvS0if;wkd@vnf; "rRmeENokd@rvmEkdif=uonfhtwGuf a&S@aqmif

OD;pD; Akdvfrª;AkdvfcsKyfr&Sdaom ppfwyfyrm 0domcgtzGJ@[mvnf; ,drf;,dkif

òydvJvkeD; jzpfaeyg+yD/ pHepfwus jyefvnfzGJ@pnf;zkd@ vkdaeyg+yD?

"rRmeEN 0d[m& 0domcgtzGJ@

1999-ckESpf pufwifbmvxkwf "rRmeENpmapmif(33)Y 0domcg

tzGJ@ (rD;zkdacsmif vkyftm; tvª&Sifrsm;)ykH?

arwWm0d[m&D0wftoif;? ? jrefrmEkdifiHYyif 0wf±Gwfoif;woif;

wnfaxmifzkd@&m vG,fulwJhudpP r[kwfayrJh [mhrGef;aA; "rRmeEN 0d[m&

rSmawmh “vl}uD;0wf±Gwfoif;/ vli,f0wf±Gwfoif;”[k ESpfoif; &SdcJhzl;

onf/ pma&;olu aus;Zl;&Sif "rRmeENq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;. omoemðy

udpPrsm;ukd yHhykd;onfhtaejzifh@ xkdtoif;wkd@. vrf;!$efrª;tjzpf aqmif


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

22

±GufcJh&ygonf/ vl}uD;0wf±Gwfoif;ukd “"rRmeEN 0wf±Gwfoif;”˜ vli,f

0wf±Gwfoif;ukd “arwWm0d[m&D0wf±Gwfoif;”vkd@ trnfrSnfhum pepf

wus ±GwfzwfEkdif=u&ef “"rRmeEN0wf±GwfpOf”ukdvnf; ðypkay;cJhonf/

"rRmeEN0wf±Gwfoif;uawmh EkEke,fe,f umvtwefi,fomcHI

aysmufuG,foGm;cJhygonf/ arwWm0d[m&D 0wf±Gwfoif;uawmh wjznf;

jznf;eJ@ wkd;wufvmum 0wfoif;ol 40-eDyg;avmufyif &SdcJhwmrkd@

q&mawmfrsm;a&m tjcm; jrif&=um;em&olawGyg ±$ifvef;tm;&

=unfEl;cJh=u&ygonf/ ,ck q,fpkESpf wpfck ausmfvmonfhtcgrSmawmh

0wf±GwfolawG wðzwfðzwfeJ@ t&dyfckdum aysmufuG,foGm;ae=uay+yD/

0rf;enf;p&myif aumif;vSayonf/ tvGefaumif;rGefwJh omoemðy

vkyfief;wckrkd@ 0wf±Gwfoif; jyefvnfvef;qef;vma&; aqmif±Gufay;

=uzkd@ vuf&Sd0wftoif; acgif;aqmifrsm;ukd wkdufwGef;vkdygonf?

1997-ckESpf pufwifbmvxkwf (10)Y

arwWm0d[m&D0wf±Gwftoif;olrsm;.ykH?



23

TBSA Newsletter Team. "rRmeENpmapmif (Dhammananda

Newsletter)ukd 1980-ckESpfavmufuxJu pwifxkwfa0cJh&m wESpfxuf

wESpf wkd;wufvmcJhygonf/ pmrsufESmenf;enf;uae rsm;rsm;vmw,f/

tjzLtrJuae umvmta&mifeJ@ xkwfa0vmEkdifcJhygonf/ pmapmifrSm

t*Fvdyfykdif;˜ jrefrmykdif; 2-ykdif; cGJxm;ygonf/ a&S@ykdif;Y t*Fvdyfbmom˜

aemufykdif;Y jrefrmbmomwkd@jzifh a&;om;cJh=uygonf/ pmapmiftzGJ@0if

awGtaeeJ@ rdrdwkd@us&mwm0efukd xrf;aqmifEkdifcJh=uwmrkd@ "rRmeEN

pmapmif[m vlñudufrsm; a&yef;pm;aom pmapmifwckjzpfcJhonf/ jrefrm

jynfrS "rRmeENpmapmifukd zwf±_&olawGuyif csD;usL;pum; qkdvm=ucJhyg

onf/ pmapmifY pma&;ol odyfrrsm;vS/ pma&;olwOD;wnf;uyJ

emrnftrsKd;rsKd;ay; a&;=u&ygonf? q&mawmf}uD;u t*Fvdyfbm

omykdif;Y Sayadaw U Sīlānanda bGJ@awmfjzifh vnf;aumif;˜ jrefrm

bmomykdif;Y q&mawmf OD;oDvmeEN bGJ@awmfjzifhvnf;aumif;/ q&m

awmf OD;aombeu Sayadaw U Sobhana bGJ@awmfjzifhvnf;aumif;/

q&mawmf OD;=oo"u t&Sif=oo"˜ ukd&if=o˜ zkd;csKd trnfrsm;jzifh

vnf;aumif;/ OD;eENdaoeu U Nandisena bGJ@awmfjzifhvnf;aumif;/

ukdatmifaZmfarmif˜ OD;jrwfxl;˜ OD;vSrif;ESifh a':a0a0vGifwkd@u t*Fvdyf

bmomykdif;Y vnf;aumif/ OD;&Jqifhu jrefrmbmomykdif;Y O*~gtrnfjzifh

vnf;aumif; a&;om;cJh=uonf/ Ko Nicky Lee u rSwfom;zG,f Zmwf

0wˆKwckckukd umwGef;jzifh o±kyfazmfI ukdoef@vGifOD;u t*Fvdyfbmom

jzifh pma&;oGif;ay;ygonf/ jzLr˜ edAŠmefaqmf˜ a':cifapmwifh (&efukef)wkd@

uvnf; &Hzef&Hcg yg0ifa&;om;cJh=uonf/ pma&;oluawmh t*Fvdyf

bmomykdif;Y Sayadaw U Jotālaṅkāra bGJ@jzifhvnf;aumif;˜ jrefrmbm

omykdif;Y bmoma&;ESifhywfoufaomaqmif;yg;a&;&mrSmukd,f,OfaZm˜

bmoma&;jy\emar;ajz&mrSm OD;aZmwmvuFm&˜ 0dok'<dr*fESifh pyfoG,f

odrSwfzG,frSm bduQK^ma%m˜ uAsma&;&mrSm armif&nfaoG;[k u¾

vkdufI trnfcGJI a&;cJhygonf?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

24

2002-ckESpf ZEM0g&DvxkwfpmapmifrSm pmapmiftzGJ@0if (1)"rRmeEN

q&mawmf}uD;˜ (2) q&mawmf}uD; OD;aombe˜ (3) q&mawmf

OD;aZmwmvuFm&˜ (4) q&mawmfOD;=oo"˜ (5) OD;eENdaoe˜ (6)

ukdoef@vGifOD;˜ (7) OD;jrwfxl;˜ (8) OD;vSrif;˜ (9) OD;&Jqifh˜ (10) Ko

Nicky Lee˜ (11) ukdarmifarmifat;˜ (12) ukdatmif aZmfarmif˜ (13)

ukdxGef;vif;˜ (14) a'gufwm wif0˜ (15) a':a0a0vGif[k 15-OD;

&Sd&mwGif "mwfykHY (1) "rRmeENq&mawmf}uD;˜ (2) q&mawmf

OD;aombe˜ (3) q&mawm f OD;aZmwmvuFm&˜ (4) q&mawmf

OD;=oo"/ (5) ukdarmifarmifat;˜ (6) ukdoef@vGifOD;˜ (7) OD;jrwfxl;˜ (8)

OD;vSrif;˜ (9) OD;&Jqifh˜ (10) Ko Nicky Lee wkd@omyg&Sdonf/ OD;eENdaoe˜

ukdatmifaZmfarmif˜ ukdxGef;vif;˜ a'gufwmwif0˜ a':a0a0vGifwkd@

ryg0if=uyg?

TBSA Newsletter Team ykH?



25

2005-ckESpf "rRmeENq&mawmfbk&m;}uD; ysHvGefawmfrl+yD;aemuf

2006-ckESpf pufwifbmvY txdrf;trSwf "rRmeENpmapmif xkwfa0

EkdifcJhygao;onf/ tJ'Daemuf ta=umif;trsKd;rsKd;awGa=umifh rxkwfa0Ekdif

cJhonfrSm ,ae@wkdifyif jzpfygawmhonf/ 'ga=umifh pmapmifukd jyefvnf

xkwfa0Ekdif&ef tr_aqmifvl}uD;rsm;ESifh pmay0goem&Sifrsm;tm; wkduf

wGef; E_d;aqmftyfygonf?

DC-HIPPO (abmvkH;oif;)? ? DC-HIPPO abmvkH;oif; vli,f

rsm;um; "rRmeEN 0d[m&ausmif;wkdufY yGJawmfrsm; ðyvkyfwJh tcgwkdif;

tvGeftm;ukd;&aom vkyftm;&Sif vli,frsm;jzpf=uonf/ Parking lot

ukd pepfwus ðyvkyfay;wwf=uygonf/ um;&yfolawGtzkd@ tqifajyI

pdwfcsrf;omzG,f&m jzpfygonf?

AYE-THET SCHOLARSHIP EXAMINATION (okd@r[kwf)

aEG&moD Ak'<bmom tajccHoifwef;pmar;yGJ? ? vmrnfh aeSmif;acwf

umvwGif jrefrmEG,fzGm; rsKd;qufopfrsm;twGuf bmoma&; ,Ofaus;r_

aysmufuG,foGm;rSmukd pkd;&drfawmfrlaom aus;Zl;&Sif "rRmeENq&mawmf

bk&m;}uD;u a'gufwmaqGat; š a'gufwmcifnkdoufZeD;armifESHwkd@ESifh

wkdifyifum Ak'<bmomtajccHoifwef;ay;I pmar;yGJðyvkyf&ef pDpOfawmf

rlcJhygonf/ atmifjrifol uav;rsm;tm; qkay;Ekdif&ef a'gufwm

ZeD;armifESHwkd@u The Aye-Thet Scholarship Fund (at;šoufynm

awmfoifqk&HykHaiG)tjzpf vª'gef;um b%fY tyfESHxm;cJhygonf/ 1992-

ckESpf pufwifbmv 19-&ufwGif usif;yaom yXrqkH; “at;šouf

paumvmh& Spf pmar;yGJ”Y oD&dvuFmq&mawmf em&'ax&fa&;aom

The Manual of Buddhism pmtkyfukd jyÏmef; pmtkyf (Text Book)tjzpf

ðyvkyfum ra0rm˜ rauckdif˜ armifrkd;oef@˜ roEœmESifh Nancy Shiahwkd@

5-a,mufukd ajzqkdapcJh&m ig;a,mufpvkH;yif atmifjrifcJh=uygonf/


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

26

atmifjrif=uolwkd@tm; at;šouf ynmawmfoifqkESifh tjcm;apwem

&[email protected];ukd csD;jrSifhcJhygonf/ tvª&Sif ZeD;armifESHwkd@u The Aye-

Thet Scholarship Fund Y ESpfpOfyif a':vm 2000 xyfjznfh vª'gef;

vsuf &Sdygonf? 2004-ckESpf at;-ouf paumvm&Spf pmar;yGJtxd

ajzqkdol ausmif;ol ausmif;om; odyfrrsm;cJhvSao;yg?

aus;Zl;&Sif"rRmeENq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;. awmifhwcsuft& 2004

ckESpfxJrSm pma&;olu ausmif;ol ausmif;om;rsm; vG,fulpGm oif=um;

em,lEkdif=u&ef jrefrmoif±kd;!$ef;wrf;ESifhtnD THE BASIC

TEACHINGS OF THERAVŒDA BUDDHISM trnf&Sdpmtkyfukd

a&;om; ðypkcJhonf? q&mawmf bk&m;}uD;u atmufygtwkdif; trSmpm

a&;om;csD;jrSifhcJhygonf?

U Jotālaṅkāra has produced the book, The Basic

Teachings of Theravāda Buddhism, for the use of students

who take the examination especially conducted by Theravāda

Buddhist Society of America. The Manual of Buddhism by

Narāda Thera has already been prescribed, but that book is

somewhat difficult and so there are complaints about it. A

book prescribed at the examination should be easier and so

the present book has been written. It will serve as a first book

in this examination and Narāda Thera's book be the second.

In this book, U Jotālaṅkāra begins with the Paying

Homage to the Three Gems of Buddhism, and then

Requesting Five Precepts and so on. He includes all that is



27

essential to Theravāda Buddhism in this book and he does

not leave aside the practice. He often brings out the stories

that would strengthen the memory of the readers. Most

stories are from the ancient Commentaries.

He declares what the Buddha taught and elaborates on

that subject and he shows the reader how to practice both

Samatha and Vipassanā meditations.

Whenever he writes, he gives the reference numbers of

books so that we can go to the original if we like. His

translations from the PāỊi are accurate and closest to the

original.

In the end, he gives us the Program of PāỊi Chanting. All

the essential Suttas that Theravāda Buddhists chant are

included. You will find that he has filled in the elliptical

passages in the Suttas and that is a great blessing for those

who want to chant the Suttas in full.

Although this book is primarily meant for those who take

the examination, it will also be useful for those who want to

learn about Theravāda Buddhism. Therefore, I would

recommend this book to those who want to understand and

practice the Theravāda Teachings of the Buddha.


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

28

pma&;ol.pmtkyfukd Basic Level I, II & III okH;qifhcGJI

vnf;aumif;˜ em&'ax&f. pmtkyfukd Advanced Level I, II & III

okH;qifhcGJIvnf;aumif; oif±kd;!$ef;wrf;pmtkyfrsm;tjzpf jyÏmef;um

at;šoufpaumvmh&Spfpmar;yGJY tokH;ðy&wmrkd@ 0rf;omtm;& auseyf

rdygonf? Tpmtkyfonf ausmif;ol ausmif;om;rsm;twGufa&m

t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh Ak'<bmom w&m;awmfukd avhvmolrsm; twGufyg

taxmuftulðyaompmtkyfjzpfI rdrd.ynmyg&rDukd tm;jznfhcGifh&

aoma=umifhvnf; vGefpGmauseyfrdygonf?

q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;onf 1992-ckESpfwGif Advanced Level I

twGuf ukd,fwkdifykp>mxkwfI tajzv$mrsm;ukd ppfaq; trSwfay;awmf

rlonf/ aemufykdif;wGifrl Level III twGufom ykp>mxkwfš tajzv$m

ppfaq;I Level I & II wkd@ukd pma&;oltm; v$JtyfI ykp>mxkwfš

tajzv$mppfaq; trSwfay;apcJhonf?

2004-ckESpf THE BASIC TEACHINGS OF THERAVADA

BUDDHISM pmtkyf xGufay:vm+yD;aemuf at;šouf paumvm&Sf

pmar;yGJtwGuf q&mawmf}uD;.=o0g't& oif±kd;!¸ef;wrf; pmtkyf

tjzpf jyÏmef;um Basic Level I, II, III okH;ykdifcGJI ukd,fwkdif ykp>m

rsm;xkwf+yD; tajzv$mrsm;ukd ppfaq; trSwfay;cJh&onf/ ukd,fwkdifyif

q&mawmf}uD;ðypkcJhaom ykHpHtwkdif; ±kdufESdyfum Certificate rsm;ukd

ausmif;ol§ausmif;om;rsm;tm; csD;jrSifhcJh&onf/ 2010-cktxd pma&;ol

ykp>mxkwfštajzv$m ppfaq; trSwfay;cJh&onf/ xkdpOfu THE BASIC

TEACHINGS OF THERAVADA BUDDHISM pmtkyfa& 500-ukd

TBSA tm; vª'gef;cJhonf/ toif;rS wpftkyfv#if $15 E_ef;jzifh

a&mif;cscJhonf?



29

pma&;ol vª'gef;aom pmtkyfrsm;


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

30

xkd@jyif at;šoufpaumvmh&Spfpmar;yGJrSm 2006-ckESpfaemufykdif;

usrS ajzqkdol ausmif;ol ausmif;om;awG rsm;vm=uonf/ E_wfjzifh±Gwf

qkdaom uav;i,fawGvJ aygrsm;vmcJh=uonf/ tm;ay;=uwJh rdbawG˜

aiGa=u;axmufyHh=uolawG˜ a0,sm0pPaqmif±Guf=uolawG rsm;vmvkd@

jzpfygonf/ wkd;wufr_ta=umif;ukd =unfhr,fqkd&if ukd,fa&mpdwfyg

tav;teufxm;um aqmif±GufaewJh bkef;}uD; OD;=oo"&J@ wkdufwGef;

E_d;aqmfr_atmuf0,f yl;aygif;aqmif±Guf=uvkd@ jzpfygonf?

2013-ck aEG&moD Ak'<bmom,Ofaus;r_oifwef;



31

Summer Class wkd;wufvmr_ESifh ywfoufI pmapmifxkwfa0avh

&Sd&m pma&;olvJ aumif;aumif; r=unfhjzpfcJhbl;?

'DESpf2013-ck Theravada Buddhist Society of America xkwf

21st Anniversary Aye-Thet Scholarship Foundation 2013 Summer

Youth Class pmapmifukd=unfhwJhtcg vSvSyy okdufokduf 0ef;0ef; &SdvS

ayonf?

yxrpmrsufrSmqkd&if pmapmifpDpOfolu t*Fvdyfbmomjzifha&;zGJ@

xm;onf/ atmufem;u a=unmcsufvnf;ygonf/ 'kwd,ESifh wwd,

pmrsufrSmawmh zwfcsifpzG,fa&;pDEkdifwJh bkef;}uD;OD;=oo"u “armawmh

armwmaygh/ 'gayrJh²²²²²rarmbl;”wJh/ Title av;u uAsmqefvSonf?

pmrsufESm 4-rS-7 (w0uf)txd okH;rsufESmcGJu Summer Class&J@

ausmif;ol§ausmif;om; "mwfykHawG/ 7-rsufESm atmufzufykdif;rSmawmh

q&mwpfOD;&J@ qkdrdef@pum;?

pmrsufESm 8-rSmawmh “at;-ouf paumvmh&SftwGuf tvª&Sif

rsm;ESifh &okH;aiGpm&if; &Sifwrf;š Graph ? tvªaiGrSm a':vm 39˜564

($39,564) 4-aomif;eD;yg;/ ausmif;olšausmif;om;awG&J@ rdbawG

apwemum; }uD;rm;vSaypG?

TBSA Buddhism Summer Class 2013

Financial Statement as 10/10/13

Revenue:

Donations $39,564

Total Revenue $ 39,564


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

32

Expenses:

Class Supplies 2,332

Activities 876

Food 6,784

Utilities 2,500

Offerings to Sangha and Teachers 3,982

Contributions made 6,758

Awards 6,279 ____________________________________________

Total Expenses 29,512

______________________________

Balance to TBSA Youth Fund $10,052

&okH;aiG pm&if;&Sif;wrf;wGif "Offerings to Sangha and Teachers

$3,982"wJh? oHCmokH;yg;tm; b,favmufpD vªw,fvkd@ rod&ayrJh

"rRmeEN ausmif;xkdifq&mawmf&J@ pmtdyfxJ rSmawmh $100 awG@&onf?

Volunteer2 vkyfief;qkdwm jrifhjrwfwJh y&[dwvkyfief;wpfrsKd;jzpfI

Volunteer vkyfol. oef@&Sif;aompdwfukd 0efaqmifr_vkyftm;cjzifh

npfEGrf;roGm;apoifh?

apwem&SifawG vª'gef;wJhaiGrsm;ukd twwfEkdifqkH; òcd;+cHpGmokH;zkd@vkd

onf/ t+rJwrf; TBSA toif;}uD;. tajctaeukd apmifhiJh=unfh=uzkd@

oifhonf?

vuf&Sd b%fY &SdaiG

Bank accounts: US Bank $47,297.04

Chase Bank Savings $23,147.65

Checking $45,865.71

total $116,310.40

acs;xm;aiGESifh vpOfay;qyfaiG

TBSA loan amount $632,273.86

Monthly loan payment $ 5,765.65 (x12=$69,187.80)

Personal loan $ 40,000.00

Total $678,039.51

2 To offer one's services or help without payment or reward, a person who

volunteers.



33

vpOf okH;pGJukefusaiG (zsrf;r#)

Monthly expenses:

PG&E bill $ 741.98

Telephone bill $ 408.46

Other Utilities $ 767.51

Property ins. $ 569.50

Alarm system $ 600.00

Total $ 3,087.45

2013 January to October Income donations:

Jan. $ 8,903.25

Feb. Htamane Pwe $ 5,443.00+other donations $ 5,403.50 = $ 10,846.50

Mar. $ 9,371.28

Apr Thingyan Pwe.$21,900.88+other donations $ 9,203.00= $ 31,103.88

May Buddha-day Pwe $6,853.00+other donations $10,312.00= $ 17,165.00

Jun. $ 6,224.00

Jul. Waso Pwe $14,858.00+other donations $18,567.54= $ 33,425.54

Aug Nibbanzay .$12,701.06+$10,052.00 Summer Class+others $,6802.25= $ 29,555.31

Sept. $ 5,080.00

Oct. $ 5,219.82

Total = $ 156,894.58

TBSA toif;}uD;taeeJ@ ay;qyf&rnfhwm0efu }uD;rm;vSwmrkd@

aqmufvkyfa&;ykdif;awGukd &yfwHhvsuf wwfEkdifor# òcd;jcHum b%fa=uG;

rsm;ukd ay;qyf=uzkd@ tvGef@tvGef ta&;}uD;vSonf?

pmapmifESifhywfoufI tcsKyfajym&&if pmapmifpDpOfolawGu

pma&;oltm; ausmif;xkdif q&mawmftaeeJ@ =o*kwfv 3-&ufae@

“Summer Class zGifhyGJrSm jrefrmvkd =o0g'pum; ajymay;yg/ olwkd@

t*Fvdyfjyefygr,f”vkd@ av#mufvmw,f/ pma&;olu t*FvdyfvkdbJ

ajymay;vkdufonf?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

34

Good Evening, Everyone!!!

As the Abbot of Dhammananda Vihara, I am very happy to

give a welcoming speech to all of you on this Summer Dhamma

and culture studies for youth and children.

Sayadaw firmly believed that both formal and informal

dissemination of Buddha's Teachings should be given to the

children and youth.

By attending this "Summer Youth Dhamma and Cultural

Studies", you will see the profound effect in your life. This

Summer class is a Teamwork effort of teachers, teaching assistants,

volunteers, and all of you. During the next few days, you as a

student will learn Dhamma and cultures which will give you

powerful tools for your future. Apply them wisely. By completing

the class, you will see the change in you to become a better, useful,

and goal oriented person.

You will not just only learning, but also aiming to win the

Aye-Thet Scholarship.

The only way to find out how much you have truly learned is

to take the exam. Dhammananda Vihara has set up a scholarship

from donations and pledges. It is called "Aye-Thet Scholarship"

started by Dr. Lynn Swe Aye's and Dr. Khin Nyo Thet's "seed

money" donations.

This class will enable true devotees to preserve and propagate

the true Buddha's Teachings. After the class, you will apply what

you learned to your daily life. Some of you will return to be as

teaching assistants or volunteers.Your summer experiences can

also count towards college application as social work or leadership

experience.



35

As part of the course, all of you learn to meditate Vipassana.

This is a big bonus for you to use as a precious tool when you

encounter many situations where you want a piece of peaceful

mind or better focus concentrations.

When you can control your mind, you will have better

memory and sharp focus. You can even continue to meditate

everyday and eventully you will enjoy being a regular practitioner

Yogi.

Peace must come from you first. Then, you can pass this

peace to your surroundings. Eventually, the world will still have

Hope because of peace loving young generation like you.

Let us now pray for world peace and end my speech with

sending loving-kindness to the world.

"May all of you be well, Happy, and Peaceful.

May all beings in ten directions of the Universe, Be well,

Happy, and Peaceful."

Sadhu. Sadhu. Sadhu.

xkd@jyif =o*kwfv 10-&ufae@ ydwfyGJrSmvJ²²²²²

Good afternoon, How is everyone doing!!!

Are you all having fun, making friends and learning during

this Summer Camp? Would you like to come back next summer? It

is already the end of the Summer program. As the Abbot of

Dhammanada Vihara, I am once again, very happy to give a

closing speech.

First of all, let me congratulate to everyone for successfully

completing this Summer Youth Dhamma and Culture Studies.

Sayadaw believes each and everyone of you really tried hard to


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

36

learn and gain better understandings about our own culture and

Buddhism.

The class has ended, but the learning is a life long process.

The time does not wait for us and we must use the time wisely in

productive ways. Never waste the time. Use the time for learning

everything which are good for us to better ourselves.

Treasure every moment filled with good useful and

meaningful happiness. You are the future young Buddhist

generation and full of energy. Using this youthful energy and

trying to reach for higher education, your own skill and talent will

help this world to become a better place to live.

Remember what you have learned from this past 7 days. Use

these precious tools wisely and practice them everyday in your life.

Be a positive and happy loving person. Do not constantly do

judging others and looking for other people's mistakes.

Instead, get to know yourself well and aware of good and bad

about yourself. Try to improve yourself. Practice loving-kindness

with compassion, forgiveness, paience and respect. Be friendly and

open-minded person.

Sayadaw also wants you to learn to become an appreciative

and thankful person in life, especially to all of your teachers in

your life including your parents. Be a Samaritan (a person who is

kind and generous in helping those in distress) and Be a volunteer

(a person who is offered to participate or to do somethings freely

without accepting money in return for time and labor.)

Try to experience the joy of Giving, not the joy of taking.

Help others. Not control others.

We are the owners of our own kamma (Sanskrit word,

karma). Now is the time to start carefully planting many good

kamma seeds (Kusala).



37

With the right understandings of Buddhism, you just learned

from this summer, you are now in the process to become true

devotees to be able to preserve and propagate the true Buddha's

Teachings.

Remember to behave yourself well and control your mind.

You must aware of yourself everyday by being mindful and

practice insight meditation. You will have better memory and you

will enjoy being a regular practitioner Yogi.

Peace must come from you first. Then, you can pass this

peace to your surroundings. Eventually, the world will still have

Hope because of peace loving young generation like you.

Now you have not only made more friends and also gained

better understandings towards your own Culture and Dhamma.

Sayadaw looks forward to see all of you next summer.

Let us now pray for the world peace and end my speech with

sending loving-kindness to the world.

Repeat after Sayadaw.

"May all of you be well, happy, and peaceful.

May all beings in ten directions of the Unverse be well,

happy, and peaceful."

Sadhu. Sadhu. Sadhu.

pma&;olajymqkdwJh 2013, Summer Class &J@tzGifhtydwf =o0g'

uxm ESpfrsKd;vkH;ukd 8-rsufESm&Sd pmapmifav;xJrSm txyfxyf tzefzef

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rSmvkd “oka'<g”qkdwJhpum;av;r#yif rawG@ygwum;?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

38

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39

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csifonf?

bk&m;ypPnf; i&JrD;ESifh oHCmhypPnf; tqdyfoD;? ? apwDbk&m;.

ypPnf;rsm;ukd okH;pGJ&mwGif xkdapwDbk&m;ukd ðyjyifrGrf;rH&mYjzpfap˜

oef@&Sif;a&;ðyvkyf&mYjzpfap okH;pGJEkdifonf/ okd@aomf bk&m;apwDwpfql.


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

40

ypPnf;ukd tjcm; bk&m;apwDwpfqltwGuf tokH;rðy&/ bk&m;ypPnf;ukd

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t&yfY bDvl;jzpfcJh&onf/ ol.tarG;onf tyfuJhokd@ pl;&S.?

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wpfOD;onf wae@wGif ausmif;wpfausmif;Y qef;=u,faomtcif;wkd@

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tdyfrd./¡rcGJa0&ao;aom oHCduqDukd rdrdvufjzifh ukd,fukdvdrf;usHrd.



41

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jzpfcJh&.?

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i&JrD; ESifh tqdyfoD;

bk&m;ypPnf;/ i&JrD;/ okH;enf; tvGefcuf?

oHCmhypPnf;/ tqdyfoD;/ pm;enf; tvGefcuf?

pm;okH;rdv#if/ weifeif/ aov#if tvGefcuf?

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i&Jb0/ vGwfjyefu/ +ydwWmhbkHokd@quf?

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vl@bkHa&mufvm/ omoem/ ñuH&Smjyefzkd@cuf?

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bk&m;ocif/ ^m%fawmf&Sif/ zl;jrif&zkd@cuf?

t&d,oHCm/ ay:aomcg/ vª&Sm&zkd@cuf?

(ayw0wˆK/ wda&mukÃokwW/ tÏuxm)

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wkdif omoemawmfESifh ñuHawG@zkd@&m cufjyefao;./ omoemawmfESifh


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

42

ñuHawG@&apumrl w&m;awmfukd vkdufemusifh}uHtm;xkwfzkd@&m omI

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t&d,oHCmawmftm; vª&zkd@vnf; tvGefcuf.”[k usrf;*efESifhtnD

uAsmrsm;u qkdrdef@.?

vlr_a&;toif;tzGJ@ESifh omoema&;toif;tzGJ@

“vlr_a&;toif;tzGJ@ESifh omoema&;toif;tzGJ@”2-ckwkd@. rwl

uGJjym; jcm;em;[efukd *Ce% odzkd@vkdonf/ vlr_a&;toif;tzGJ@

qkdonfrSm tajccHtm;jzifh 0goemukdpGJI pkaygif;zGJ@pnf;aomtoif;/

Oyrm--- avSavSmftoif;/ abmvkH;toif;? vlrsKd;a&;ukdpGJI pkaygif;

zGJ@pnf;aomtoif;/ u&ifjynfe,ftoif;/ rGefjynfe,ftoif;/ &Srf;jynf

e,ftoif;/ ucsifjynfe,ftoif;ponf? pD;yGg;a&;ukdpGJI pkaygif;zGJ@pnf;

aom ukefonf}uD;rsm;toif;? ynma&;vkyfief;wlukdpGJI pkaygif;zGJ@pnf;

aom q&m0eftoif;? ynma&;ukdpGJI ynma&;ulnDr_toif;/

paumvmh&Sf&HykHaiGtoif;? usef;rma&;ukdpGJI wnfaxmifaom Cancer

Foundation (okd@r[kwf) Karuna Foundation? ema&; udpPukdpGJI

ema&;ulnDr_toif;? EkdifiHa&;ukdpGJI pkaygif;zGJ@pnf;aom Democratic

Paty (okd@r[kwf) Republican Paty ponf ponf rsm;jym;vSyg.?

vpOf˜ ESpfpOf &HykHaiGrsm; aumufcH&/ xnfh0if&/ pkaqmif;=u&onf?

xkdtoif;tzGJ@wkd@onf rdrdwkd@toif;tzGJ@ wnfwHhckdif+rJ wkd;wuf}uD;yGg;

a&;ukdom t"du aqmif±Guf=uonf/ trsm;tusKd;aqmif±Gufaom

toif;tzGJ@um; tvGefw&menf;yg;vS./ &Hzef&Hcg rdrdwkd@toif;ol

toif;om;awG pka0;I pm;=uaomuf=u aysmf=uyg;=uonf? Tum;

vlr_a&;toif;tzGJ@rsm;. &yfwnfaeykH wpfpdwfwpfa'oyif jzpfonf?



43

omoema&;toif;tzGJ@rSmrl (1) apwDbk&m;ESifh ywfoufaom

toif;tzGJ@˜ ausmif;uefESifh ywfoufaomtoif;tzGJ@-[lI 2-rsKd;

&Sdonf/ apwDbk&m;ESifh ywfoufaomtoif;tzGJ@wGif =o0g'gp&d,

q&mawmfrsm;. atmuf0,f xkdxkdapwDbk&m;rsm;.usifhxkH;ESifhtnD

a*gyu (xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufwwfol)tzGJ@ukd a±G;cs,fI xkdapwDbk&m;

rsm;. wkd;wuf}uD;yGGg;r_ukd aqmif±Guf=u&onf/ =o0g'gp&d,q&mawmf

rsm;. tqkH;trukd aoGzDroGm;ap&?

ausmif;uefESifhywfoufaom toif;tzGJ@wGifrlum; ausmif;xkdif

q&mawmf.atmuf0,f w&m;Oya'ESifhtnD 1-ESpfwpfcg okd@r[kwf 2-

ESpfwpfcg a±G;cs,fcH&aom tr_aqmiftzGJ@/ uy`d,um&u (&[ef;awmf

rsm; 0denf;awmfESifhtnD oDwif;okH;Ekdif&ef ðyvkyfay;wwfaomolrsm;)

yif jzpfonf/ xkdtzGJ@u xkdausmif;uef. wkd;wuf}uD;yGg;r_ukd aqmif±Guf

=u&onf/ vpOf okd@r[kwf 2-vwpf}udrf pnf;a0;I xkdtzGJ@onf

ausmif;xkdifq&mawmf. rsufarSmufrSm aiGa=u;rSpI aqmif±Gufcsuf

tm;vkH;ukd &Sif;jy&rnf?

apwDbk&m;rsm;.ypPnf;onf ‘apwd,oEœu - apwDykdifypPnf;’

jzpf./ yk*~vduausmif;uef okd@r[kwf yk*~vduypPnf;onf ‘yk*~Kdvfykdif

ausmif;uef okd@r[kwf yk*~KdvfykdifypPnf;’jzpfonf/ oHCduausmif;uef

okd@r[kwf oHCduypPnf;onf ‘oHCmykdifausmif;uef oHCmykdifypPnf;’

jzpfonf/ apwDykdifypPnf;jzpfap˜ yk*~KdvfykdifypPnf;jzpfap˜ oHCmykdif ypPnf;

jzpfap tvª&Sifrsm;u oHo&mrSvGwfajrmuf&medAŠmefukd &nfrSef;I

apwemokH;wef jyÏmef;vsuf vª'gef;xm;aomypPnf;rsm;jzpfonf/

vlr_a&;toif;tzGJ@ypPnf;rsm;ESifh rwlyg/ =o0g'gp&d, q&mawmfrsm;.

tqkH;trukd aoGzDvsuf a*gyursm;u rdrdwkd@qENtwkdif; bk&m;aiGukd

okH;pGJvsuf Oyrm--- yGJvrf;obifrsm; usif;yðyvkyfygu i&JrD; ar$;ae


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

44

onfESifh wl.? &[ef;awmfrsm;onfvnf; yk*~KdvfykdifypPnf;ukdjzpfap˜

oHCmykdifypPnf;ukdjzpfap 0denf;awmfESifhtnD rokH;pGJwwfygu +ydwWmb0

oGm;zkd@ &duQmpkaqmif;aeonfESifhwl./ ausmif;ueftr_aqmiftzGJ@

uy`d,um&ursm;vnf; xkdxkd ausmif;xkdif q&mawmfrsm;. =o0g'ukd

rcH,lyJ rdrdwkd@qENtwkdif; pDrHaqmif±Gufjcif;onf tqdyfoD;ukdrsKdaeonf

ESifhwl.? tr_aqmifrsm;onf bmoma&;tod pdwf"mwfjrifhrm;zkd@

vkdonf/ ukd,fusifhoDvaumif;rGefvsuf tcgtm;avsmfpGm OykofoDv

aqmufwnf=u&rnf/ &Hzef&Hcg w&m;pcef;rsm;ukd rdrdwkd@ukd,fwkdif OD;pD;I

aqmif±Gufay;Ekdif=u&rnf?

rdrdESifh ywf0ef;usif? ? vlom;wa,muftaeeJ@ ywf0ef;usifESifh

ruif;Ekdifyg/ aumif;qkd;ESpfwefaom ywf0ef;usifrsm;eJ@ &ifqkdif&rnfawmh

trSefyif jzpfonf/ xkdxkdywf0ef;usifESifh awG@ñuH&wJhtcgrSm tjypfukd

csnf; r=unfhwwfzkd@vkdonf/ olwyg;&J@tjypfukd =unfhvGef;wJhol[m

ukd,fhtjypfukdrjrifwwfbl;/ olwyg;&J@ESrf;aphavmuf tjypfuav;ukd

jrifwwfayrJh rdrd&J@ tkef;oD;vkH;avmuftjypf}uD;ukdawmh rjrifwwfbl;/

ukd,fhtjypfukd zkH;uG,fxm;wwfonf? olwyg;tay:rSm taumif;ar#mf

I =unfhwwf=uygap/ ae@pOf rdrd&J@tjypfukd qef;ppfI olwyg;&J@ tjypf

ukd cGifhv$wfEkdif=uygap/ olwyg;tay: xdckdufEkdifwJh rdrd&J@ ukd,ftrl

t&m˜ E_wftrlt&mrsm;ukd a&Smif&Sm;Ekdif=uygap/ rdrdu olwyg;tm;

xdckdufrnfh trlt&mrsm;ukd ra&Smif&Sm;Ekdifv#if olwyg;u a&Smif&Sm;

oGm;wwfygonf?

ol@jypfESrf;aph/ jrifumawG@vnf;/

ukd,fhavhjypfqm/ tkef;yrmukd/ vGefpGmrSefyJ/ jrifEkdifcJ.?

olwyg;ay:/ taumif;ar#mf/ tavsmf =unfhwwfap?

rdrdtjypf/ jyefqef;ppf/ ol@jypf cGifhv$wfEkdifygap?



45

ukd,fhrl&mrsm;/ olwyg;/ xdyg; a&Smifygav?

ra&Smifr&Sm;/ xkdoltm;/ trsm; a&Smifrnfay?

toif;tzGJ@Yjzpfap˜ a0,sm0pPvkyf&mYjzpfap rdrdESifhwef;wlolESifh

qufqHonfhtcg ol@tusKd;vkdvm;jcif; arwWmxm;&rnf/ arwWmrxm;

wwfv#if “oleJ@ig bmxl;vkd@vJ/ olwwfovkd igvJwwfonf/ ol@pD;yGGGGGG GGg;

OpPmrsKd; ighrSmvJ&SdwmbJ” ponfjzifh òydifwwfygonf? òydifrnfhtpm;

arwWmyGg;ay;yg?

rdrdatmuf ynma&; pD;yGg;a&;ponf edrfhusolESifhqufqHonfhtcg

oem;jcif; u±k%m xm;&rnf/ u¶k%mrxm;wwfv#if “'Daumif

bmwwfvkd@vJ/ bmem;vnfvkd@vJ/ 'DaumifirGJbJ”ponfjzifh edrfhusol

tay: tEkdifusifhwwfygonf? tEkdifusifhrnfhtpm; u±k%myGg;ay;yg?

rdrdxufomvGefolESifhqufqHonfhtcgrSmawmh “awmfygayw,f/

wkd;wufcsrf;omygap/ &&Sdxm;wJh pD;yGg;csrf;omrsm;rS rqkwf,kwfygapeJ@”

ponfjzifh 0rf;omjcif; rk'dwmxm;wwf&rnf/ rk'dwmrxm;wwfv#if

remvkd Á\mrsm;wwfonf/ ol@tay: remvkd Á\mrsm;rnfhtpm;

rk'dwmyGg;ay;yg?

wef;wlawG@v#if/ arwWm0if/ r0ifEkdifu òydifwwfw,f/

òydifrnfhtpm;/ arwWmyGg;/ pdwfxm; ðyjyifajymif;yghr,f?

ukd,fhatmufawG@v#if/ u±k%m0if/ r0ifEkdifu Ekdifwwfw,f/

Ekdifrnfhtpm;/ u±k%myGg;/ pdwfxm; ðyjyifajymif;yghr,f?

ukd,fhxufomv#if/ rk'dwm0if/ r0if Á\m±kdifwwfw,f/

±kdifrnfhtpm;/ rk'dwmyGg;/ pdwfxm; ðyjyifajymif;yg?

pdwfukdvJjyif/ ±kyfvJjyif/ ðyjyifwkdif;y/ ±_wkdif;vS/ okcedAŠmef 0ifvdrfhr,f?

(rpkd;&drf yÏmef;q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;.tqkH;tr?)


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

46

okH;acsmif;axmufyrm aqmif±Gufyg? ? yuwdokH;acsmif;axmuf[m

wpfacsmif;ESifhwpfacsmif; az;rvsuf &yfwnfaewmyg/ wpfacsmif;acsmif;

u c|wf,Gif;oGm;&if okd@r[kwf usKd;yJhoGm;&if tJ'D okH;acsmif;axmuf[m

b,fvkdrS r&yfwnfEkdifawmhyg/ tvm;wlyif ausmif;uefwpfck &yfwnf

Ekdifzkd@ wkd;wufEkdifzkd@qkdwm okH;acsmif;axmufESifhwlwJh q&mjzpfwJh

&[ef;awmfrsm;˜ ausmif;aumfrwD˜ ausmif;tvª&Sifrsm; okH;OD;vkH;u

nDnDnGwfnGwf wkdifwkdifyifyifeJ@ ausmif;uefudpPrsm;ukd aqmif±Guf=uzkd@

vkdonf/ nDnGwfr_ wkdifyifr_r&SdyJ vkyfae&ifawmh wae@rSm ausmif;uef&J@

&yfwnfr_[m ,drf;,kdifoGm;Ekdifonf?

ESpfpOf rSwfwrf;"mwfykH? ? ESpfpOf toif;tzGJ@wkdif;tm; pkaygif;rSwfwrf;

wif trSwfw&"mwfykHrsm;ukdvnf; ±kdufay;oifhonf?

xkd@jyif toif;tzGJ@Y tawG@tñuH&ifhusuf=uwJh vl}uD;awGu

tawG@tñuHEke,fao;wJh vli,frsm;ukd vufwGJac:um rdrdwkd@&J@

tawG@tñuHrsm;ukd vufqifhurf;I rdrdwkd@ukd,fpm; aqmif±Gufapoifh

=uygw,f? 'Dta=umif;ukd pOf;pm;Ekdif=u&ef 1998-ckESpf rwfv "rRmeEN

pmapmifrSmygwJh pma&;ol jzLr&J@ aqmif;yg;rS wkdufwGef;pmykd'f tcsKd@ukd

wifjyay;ygrnf---

uHpyfu v_dif;awGvkd tjrJvS=uygap

“wckaom urf;pyfeab; oJjyifay:rSm usr xkdif&if; urf;ajcokd@

tqufrjywf ±kdufcwfvmaom v_dif;vkH;}uD;rsm;ukd ai;arm=unfhaerdyg

w,f/ ta0;rS =unfjymjym a&v_dif;i,frsm; urf;pyfzufokd@ a±G@&Sm;

vm+yD; v_dif;vkH;rsm; wvkH;+yD;wvkH; ukef;jyifzufokd@ vSypGm wkdufcwfae

onfukd awG@ae&ygw,f/ v_dif;vkH;}uD;rsm; aemufu topftopfaom

a&v_dif;i,frsm; tqufrjywf wGef;ay;r_a=umifhom v_dif;vkH;}uD;rsm;



47

t&Sdeft[kefjyif;pGm wkdufcwfEkdifonfukd=unfh&if; usr&ifxJ tawG;i,f

wck ckd0ifvmygw,f?

tar&duefEkdifiH ax&0g' bkef;awmf}uD;ausmif;rsm;wGif q&mawmf

oHCmawmfrsm;. =o0g'ukdcH,lvsuf vkyftm;ay;ae=uaom vkyftm;

tvª&Sifrsm;ukd yifv,fv_dif;vkH;}uD;rsm;ozG,f jrifa,mifrdygw,f/

topftopfaom vli,fvl±G,frsm;. yl;aygif;aqmif±Gufr_rsm; &&SdrS

om v_dif;vkH;}uD;rsm; ZGJrmef}uD;pGm wkdufcwfaeEkdifrSm jzpfygw,f/ tawG@

tñuH&Sdaom vl}uD;rsm;. ñudqkdaz;rr_ESifh vli,faoG;opfrsm;. yl;aygif;

aqmif±Gufr_rsm; &SdrSomv#if v_dif;vkH;}uD;rsm; xm0&wnf&Sdaernf

r[kwfygvm;´ omoemawmf wnfwHhjyef@yGg;a&;twGuf vl}uD;rsm;ESifh

vli,frsKd;qufopfrsm; vufwGJ yl;aygif;aqmif±Guf&efrSm Ak'<bmom0if

wkdif;. wm0efw&yfvnf; jzpfaeygw,f?

bkef;awmf}uD;ausmif;&Sd tzGJ@tpnf;wkdif;rSm topftopfjzpf

aom v_dif;opfESifhwlaom vli,fvl±G,fawG t+rJvkdtyfaeqJyg/

ausmif;awmf&J@a0,sm0pPtr_twGufjzpfap˜ yGJawmfawGtwGuf tvª

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jzpfap˜ vli,fawGtwGuf ae&mawG t+rJ& Sdaeygw,f/ tcsKd@vl}uD;rsm;

rSm touft±G,fESifh usef;rma&;a=umifh csufðywf&mrSm !$ef=um;r_om

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uGufvyfuav;rsm;ukd vli,frsm;u tkwfwcsyf oJwyGifhtaeeJ@

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tqkd&Sd=uygw,f&Sif”-wJh?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

48

w&m;pcef;ESifh ausmif;aumfrwD? ? "rRmeEN 0d[m&Y nOfhpOf 1-em&D

w&m;±_rSwf=u&onf/ Daylight saving-time t& wem&D a&S@okd@

a±$@ajymif;wJhtcg n 7-em&DrS 8-em&Dtxd˜ aemufokd@a±$@ajymif;wJhtcg

n 6-em&DrS 7-em&Dtxd w&m;xkdif=u&onf? xkd@jyif =o*kwfvrSvGJI

vpOf yXrywf pae we*FaEG 2-&uf w&m;pcef; (First weekend-

retreats) &Sdygonf/ ESpfpOf ausmif;bkef;}uD;. ckepf&ufw&m;pcef;ESifh

tjcm;aom jrefrmjynfrS =uGvmwJh q&mawmfrsm;. w&m;pcef;awG

vnf; &Sdwwf=uygonf?

tJ'Dw&m;pcef;awGrSm ausmif;tr_aqmifrsm;taeeJ@ tav;

teufxm;um ulnDjcif;˜ apmifha&Smu fjcif;rsm;ukd ðyvkyfoifh=uonf/

rdrdwkd@ukd,fwkdifvJ w&m;"rR ±_yGg;&ef tcsdefwefae=uyg+yD/ cE<mukd,fu

a&m*grsKd;pkHESifh qufqHaewmrkd@ tcsdefra±G; aorif;ESifh &ifqkdifEkdifwm

a=umifh ykdIykdI w&m;tm;xkwf=uzkd@ vkdtyfaeygonf/ aojcif;w&m;

qkdwm Expired date wyfrxm;awmh tcgra±G; awG@ñuH&EkdifwJh

oabmw&m; jzpfw,f/ rdrdwkd@twGuf taumif;qkH; rSDckdtm;ukd;p&mu

w&m;yGg;rsm; tm;xkwfr_bJ jzpfonf? 'gha=umifh “w&m;pcef;ESifh

ausmif;aumfrwD/ vkdufzufnD/ ±$if=unf aqmif±GufEkdif=uap”?

"rRmeEN ESifh uy`d,? ? uy`d,qkdwm &[ef;awmfawG&J@ ypPnf;av;yg;

okH;pGJ&mrSm tjypfuif;atmif tmywfroifhatmif aqmif±Gufay;Ekdifol

jzpfygonf/ “wynfhvdrRm q&mtmywfvGw f”qkd±kd;pum;twkdif; uy`d,

vdrRm&if &[ef;awmfawGrSm tcsKd@tmywfrsm; roifhatmif ulnDEkdifyg

onf/ txl;ojzifh pm;a&;aomufa&;ESifhywfoufI jzpfap˜ 0wˆK

a=u;aiGESifhywfoufIjzpfap tyfpyfatmif vkyfay;Ekdifonf/ qefz&ef

ppPukd˜ a'vDpDwD;˜ [mhzfrGef;aA;wkdifatmif "rRmeEN 0d[m&rSm &[ef;

awmfrsm;tm; apmifha&Smufvm=uwJh uy`d,awG[m Mr. Mark Logan



49

(rwf}uD;)˜ Michael (rkdufcav;)˜ Henry nDtukd̃ OD;wifxGwf

(OuUÏa[mif;)˜ OD;tkef;jrifh˜ armifarmifoGif˜ a':oe f;=unfESifh

rokcumrDwkd@ jzpf=uonf/ a':oef;=unfu ESpfaygif; 20-eD;yg;

&[ef;awmfawGtm; tvkyftau|; ð ycJhonf/ jzpf&ykHu rokcumrD

2010-ckESpf ZGefvwGif "rRmeENrS xGufcGgoGm;uxJu uy`d, vpfvyf

aecJhonf/ &[ef;awmfawG[m wcgw&H tvkyftau|; uy`d,r&Sdvkd@

ukd,fwkdif pm;aomufzG,frsm;ukd pDrHpm;aomuf&wm avmutaeeJ@

rdrdukd,fukd ESpfodrfhEkdif=uayrJh vawG ESpfawG csDvmawmh &[ef;awmfrsm;

tzkd@ rSefuefwJh tavhtxwck r[kwfwmukdawmh owdðyrd=uonf?

u\ybk&m;&SifhvufxufawmfrSm &[ef;i,fwyg; +ydwfjruf

t±Gufukd qGJukdifvsuf **FgjrpftwGif;&Sd avSay:okd@ taqmwvsif

wufvkduf&m +ydwfjrufyif t±GufjywfoGm;cJhonf/ ao;i,fwJhtjypf

(tmywf)vkd@oabmxm;+yD; a'oemr=um;(tmywfrajz)bJaecJhojzifh

tESpf ESpfaomif;wkdifwkdif awmxJrSm &[ef;w&m; tm;xkwfayrJh

w&m;r&cJhbl;/ ysHvGefawmfrlcgeD;rSm xkdtjypfukd owd&I a'oem

ajym=um; (tmywfajz)vkdaomfvJ teD;tem;Y tjcm;&[ef;wyg;r#

r&Sdojzifh rdrdukd,fukd oDvrpif=u,f-[k ESvkH;romr,meJ@ ysHvGefawmf

rloGm;cJhonfhtwGuf aemufb0wGif “{&uywW” trnf&Sd e*g;}uD;

jzpfcJh&onf? ("rRy'tÏuxm 'kwd,tkyf pmrsufESm 149)

'D0wˆKukd =unfhv#if &[ef;awmf[m +ydwfjrufyif t±GufjywfwJh

tmywftjypfuav;ukd pGJ+yD; wd&p>mefb0 e*g;jzpf&ao;&if rdrdwkd@tzkd@

ESpfawGcsD+yD; usL;vGefxm;wJh tmywfawG&J@ tusKd;tjypfrsm;ukd qkd&if

rawG;0Hhatmifyif jzpf=u&onf? ae@pOfvkdvkdawmh tmywfajz=uonf/

tavhtxwckvkdom oabmxm;+yD; “tm,wö oH0& (aemif


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

50

apmifha&Smufr,f)pdwfr&Sd&if” tmywfajzwm odyf tusKd;oufa&mufr_

r&SdvSbl;?

'gha=umifh tr_aqmifawGtaeeJ@jzpfap˜ vdrRmwJh 'um˜ 'umr

wOD;OD;taeeJ@jzpfap &[ef;awmfrsm;&J@ pm;a&;aomufa&;ESifh ywfouf

I tjypfuif;atmif aqmif±Gufay;EkdifwJh uy`d,ukd &SmazGay;zkd@ vkdtyf

aeyg+yD?

toif;tzGJ@wkdif;[m aus;Zl;&Sif r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;.

tqkH;tr =o0g'ukd vkdufemusifhokH;oifhvSygonf?

aus;Zl;&Sif r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;. =o0g'

1? tzGJ@0ifwdk@onf [email protected];r_vkyfief;rsm;ukd qifjcif

atmufarhvsuf 0rf;ajrmufEkdif=uygap?

2? 0rf;ajrmuf=u+yD;v#if rysufruGuf qufvufI wkd;wufI

aqmif±GufEkdif=uygap?

3? xkdokd@aqmif±Guf&m tqifrajyonfukd awG@&aoma=umifh

vnf; pdwfysufjcif;˜ pdwf"mwfusjcif; r&SdapyJ atmifjrifonfhtwGuf

a=umifhvnf; rmefwuf=uGjcif; r&SdapyJ wnf+idrfckdifcHhaom pdwf"mwfjzifh

aqmif±GufEkdif=uygap?

4? c|wf,Gif;csuf wpkHwckukd awG@&v#ifvnf; rnfolukdr# tjypf

rwifyJ rdrdESifhwuG tm;vkH;. c|wf,Gif;csuf[k ESvkH;oGif;+yD;v#if

xkdokd@aom c|wf,Gif;csufrsKd; wzefrjzpf&eftwGufomv#if txl;owdðy

I aqmif±GufEkdif=uygap?



51

5? tzGJ@0iftcsif;csif; olwyg;u rdrdtm; onf;cH&onf[laom

ta=umif;t&mrsKd; r&SdyJ rdrduom olwyg;tm; onf;cH&onfhbufu

aeEkdif&efvnf; txl;owd ðyEkdif=uygap?

6? TykHTenf;jzifh wufnDvufnD aqmif±Guf=uI rdrdwkd@.

tzGJ@}uD;tm; wkd;wufonfxuf wkd;wufatmif jrSifhwifEkdif=uygap?

7? yËdywWdomoemawmfukdvnf; qxufxrf;ykd;wkd;I csD;ajrSmuf

Ekdif=uygap?

c&rf;òrd@ oajyukef; r[mpnf omoemh&dyfom

q&mawmf OD;okre.=o0g'

toif;tzGJ@ysufa=umif; 3-yg;

zdwfac:rvm/ ab;rSm jypfajym/

aiGoabmY/ ajyacsmrvG,f/

TokH;oG,f/ rSwfzG,f oif;ysufa=umif;?

(1) tpnf;ta0;zdwfac:aomtcg rwufa&mufjcif;/

(2) jyifyrsufuG,fY wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; tjypfajymjcif;/

(3) aiGpm&if; &Sif;wrf;rsm; acsmarG@ajyjypfr_ r&Sdjcif;?

tzGJ@ysufjcif;ta=umif; 3-yg;

(1) A[kaewWm&-enf;!$efvrf;jy t}uD;trª;vkyfvkdol aygrsm;jcif;/

(vl}uD;vkyfcsifol aygrsm;jcif;)/

(2) oAŠy¾dwrmeD-rdrdukd,fukd ynm&Sd[k b0ifjrifhol rsm;jcif;/

(3) A[kr[dp>m-&mxl;rufarmol rsm;jcif;?


OD;aZmwmvuFm&

52

(1) a&S@aqmif}uD;ol/ vkyfvkdol/ rsm;rl oif;ysufwwf/

(2) b0ifjrifhbd/ ynm&Sd[k/ xifonfholawG/ rsm;jym;ay/

rSwfav oif;ysufwwf/

(3) &mxl;rufarm/ olawGayg/ xkda&m oif;ysufwwf?

(pdEœmr%d OD;cspfarmif ðypkaom Ak'<bmomqkdif&m taxGaxGA[kokw rmwdumusrf;rS?)

tcsKyftm;jzifh bk&m;&Sif.tqkH;trESifhtnD [email protected];tdrf0,f

owd ynmOD;pD;vsuf raumif;r_ tukokdvfrsm;ukd rvkyfrd/ rajymrd/

rawG;r}uHrd=uyJ aumif;r_ukokdvfrsm;ukd ðy=u/ ajym=u/ awG;}uHEkdif=u

ygap/ rdrdwkd@pdwf jzLpifatmifvnf; w&m;"rRrsm;ukd ±_yGg;Ekdif=uygap?

tcsif;csif; qufqH=u&mwGif pdwfxm;ajzmifhrwfvsuf rdrd.tjypf

ukd rdrdqifjcifum olwyg;[email protected] onf;cHcGifhv$wfI wpfOD;tay:

wpfOD; arwWmxm;Ekdif=uygap?

raumif;r_a&Smif/ aumif;r_aqmif/ jzLatmif pdwfukdxm;?

ajym˜ ðy˜ awG;v#if/ owd,SOf/ qifjcif ^m%fa&S@oGm;?

pdwfxm;ajzmifhrSef/ cGifhv$wf&ef/ onf;cH arwWmxm;?



53

ykodrfc±dkif aiGaqmifòrd@

qufvufxGef;y aetkH;rnf

wDbDtJpfat/ tpajcGI/

wpfaxG 0domcg/ wpfjzm arwWm0d[m&D/

wpfvD pmapmif/ wpfaqmif pGrf;tm;&Sif/

wpfcif trnf/ DC-HIPPO ('DpD-[pfykd)/

wpfqkd oifwef;/ ukd,fpDvrf;jzifh/

pGrf;pGrf;xlx/ aqmif±Guf=url/

"rRrnfoD;/ ausmif;awmf}uD;um;/

quf+yD;&Snf=um/ xGef;ypGmeJ@/ wnf&SmaetkH;rnfygwum;?

OD;aZmwmvuFm& ("rRmeEN 0d[m&)

[mhzfrGef;aA;òrd@/ tar&duef jynfaxmifpk/

2013-ck 'DZifbmv 1-&uf we*FaEGae@


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