evidence of evolution chapter 15-2. evolution defined… evolution is a process of gradual...
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EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
CHAPTER 15-2
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EVOLUTION DEFINED…
Evolution is a process of gradual modifications
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EVOLUTION DEFINED…
Evolution is a process of gradual modifications
Darwin called this descent with modification
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COMMON ANCESTOR
Many animals and plants shared common ancestors and deviated from that common ancestor overtime.
Organism 1
Organism 2
Ancestor
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7 LINES OF EVIDENCE SUPPORTING THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION
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1. PALEONTOLOGY
Fossils provide geologic evidence of evolution
• Fossils in older layers are more primitive than those in the upper layers
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1. PALEONTOLOGY
Fossils provide geologic evidence of evolution
• Fossils in older layers are more primitive than those in the upper layers
• Shows that life has become more complex.
• Shows that life on earth has not always been the same
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Transitional Species: •Direct descendants of modern day species•Fossil record contains the intermediates•Descent with modification states that newer species are modified versions of older species
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2. VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES
• Remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor.
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2. VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES
• Remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor.
• Shows that these organisms are descendants from organisms that used them.
Ex: Whale hind leg bones
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3. HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
Body parts that are similar in structure, but may have different functions
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3. HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
Body parts that are similar in structure, but may have different functions
• Indicating at some point way in the past they did the same job and came from a common ancestor
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FEATHERS
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4. ANALOGOUS STRUCTURESSame functions but different development
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4. ANALOGOUS STRUCTURESSame functions but different development
• ex. a butterfly wing and a bat wing
• Indicates that populations evolve to be better suited to the environment
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5. BIOGEOGRAPHY
• Geographical distribution of living creatures.
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5. BIOGEOGRAPHY
• Geographical distribution of living creatures.
• Similar species are found in similar places showing common ancestry.
(divergent evolution)
Ex: marsupials in Australia
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6. EMBRYOLOGY • Some stages of embryo
development of different organisms are similar
• Shows common ancestry
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7. BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
DNA RNA Proteins
•Similar proteins means similar DNA
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7. BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
DNA RNA Proteins
•Similar proteins means similar DNA
•The more similar proteins means they share a recent common ancestor
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WHALE VIDEO
http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?title=Whale_evolution&video_id=65653