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Evolution (II)

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Page 1: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Evolution (II)

Page 2: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Common Fallacies about Evolution

• Progressivism Fallacy

• Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

<-HUMAN

Page 3: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

How Fast is Evolution?

• Gradualism Hypothesis

(Charles Darwin)

• Punctuated Equilibrium Hypothesis (Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldrege)

Page 4: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

DARWIN’S FINCHES

Page 5: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Natural Selection in Action*

Page 6: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Daphne Major

Normal year Drought year

Page 7: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

The story of the ground finch

• Medium Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis)

• Seed Eater

• Every year on Daphne all the birds are caught and measured

• Their food size is measured

Ground finch

Page 8: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Beak Depth is Inherited

Page 9: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Figure 01.08

Drought

Seed size and

hardness

Year

What happened to the food ?

Page 10: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Drought

What happened to the finches?

Beak size

Year

Page 11: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Finch Summary

• Beak depth is a trait that responds to changing environmental conditions

• Beaks appear to be an adaptation for feeding

• Evolution is a process-continually in operation– Sometimes measurable in real time

Page 12: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

Evidence of Evolution by Natural Selection

• Fossil record

• Age of the Earth

• The mechanisms of heredity

• Molecular biology

• Comparative anatomy

Page 13: Evolution (II). Common Fallacies about Evolution Progressivism Fallacy Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)

The crossing over of alleles between matched pairs of chromosomes during meiosis