evolution series edge technical description rev c - a4

8/20/2019 Evolution Series EDGE Technical Description Rev C - A4

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2 Evolution SeriesTM

EDGE NGP\00586 Rev. C, 2009-10-29

Document history

Revision Date Summary of changes

Rev A 23.Dec.2008 First ReleaseRev B 29.May.2009 Updated Signature numbers

Added Adjacent and Co-channel data

Updated IFU – ODU cable requirements

Rev C 29.Oct.2009 Added R2 supported features:

o Ethernet IFU for the ANSI market

o 11GHz ODU

o HSB – RPS mode

o Ethernet RSTP

o

Encrypted management trafficRemoved Ethernet QinQ support (not available yet)


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NGP\00586 Rev.C, 2009-10-29 Evolution SeriesTM

EDGE 3

Contents Page

1. INTRODUCTION - EVOLUTION SERIES....................................................................................................7

1.1. TECHNOLOGY AND ARCHITECTURE................................................................................................7 1.2. NETWORK APPLICATIONS...................................................................................................................8

2. SYSTEM OVERVIEW – EVOLUTION SERIES EDGE...............................................................................9

2.1. HARDWARE OVERVIEW.......................................................................................................................9 2.2. SOFTWARE OVERVIEW .................................................... ........................................................... .......10 2.3. COMPATIBILITY WITH EVOLUTION SERIES METRO & XPAND................................................10 2.4. FEATURES – BASIC TERMINAL .......................................................... ..............................................10 2.5. LICENSED FEATURES (SOFTWARE CONTROLLED) .................................................... .................10 2.6. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS ...................................................... ........................................................11

2.6.1. 1+0 system......................................................................................................................................11 2.6.2. Hot StandBy (HSB) system .................................................... ........................................................11

2.7. TEST FEATURES ....................................................... ........................................................... .................13 2.7.1. Looping & built-in PRBS ....................................................... ........................................................13

2.8. IFU UNIT DESCRIPTION .................................................... ........................................................... .......14 2.8.1. IFU Interfaces ..................................................... ........................................................... .................14 2.8.2. IFU LEDs........................................................................................................................................15 2.8.3. SD memory card slot .................................................... ........................................................... .......15 2.8.4. IFU reset button ............................................................ ........................................................... .......15 2.8.5. E1-cross-connect (IFU-A version)..................................................................................................15

2.9. ODU UNIT DESCRIPTION....................................................................................................................16

3. GENERAL EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS .................................................. .....................................17

3.1. LINK CAPACITY ....................................................... ........................................................... .................17 3.2. FREQUENCY BANDS ......................................................... ........................................................... .......17 3.3. EQUIPMENT REFERENCE POINTS ...................................................... ..............................................19 3.4. INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL STANDARDS..........................................................................19

3.5. ETSI EQUIPMENT CLASS ............................................................ ........................................................19 3.6. ENVIRONMENTAL ................................................... ........................................................... .................20 3.6.1. Electromagnetic Compatibility Conditions (EMC).........................................................................20 3.6.2. Safety conditions.............................................................................................................................20 3.6.3. RoHS and WEEE compliance .......................................................... ..............................................20 3.6.4. Environmental conditions ....................................................... ........................................................20 3.6.5. Outdoor Enclosure Protection.........................................................................................................20

3.7. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS .................................................... ..............................................21 3.7.1. Installation .......................................................... ........................................................... .................21 3.7.2. Dimensions ......................................................... ........................................................... .................21 3.7.3. Weights...........................................................................................................................................21

3.8. POWER SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION.............................................................................................22 3.9. SYSTEM RELIABILITY ...................................................... ........................................................... .......22

3.9.1. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)...........................................................................................22 4. RADIO CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................... ........................................................... .......23

4.1. TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICS.................................................................................................23 4.1.1. Nominal Output Power ........................................................... ........................................................23 4.1.2. Automatic/Manual Power Control (ATPC/MTPC) ....................................................... .................23 4.1.3. TX oscillator frequency tolerance...................................................................................................24

4.2. RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................... ..............................................24 4.2.1. Receiver Threshold – Adaptive Modulation Mode.........................................................................24 4.2.2. Receiver Threshold 4 QAM - 7 MHz BW......................................................................................24 4.2.3. Receiver Threshold 16 QAM - 7 MHz BW....................................................................................24 4.2.4. Receiver Threshold 32 QAM - 7 MHz BW....................................................................................24 4.2.5. Receiver Threshold 4 QAM - 14 MHz BW....................................................................................25

4.2.6. Receiver Threshold 16 QAM - 14 MHz BW..................................................................................25 4.2.7. Receiver Threshold 32 QAM - 14 MHz BW..................................................................................25 4.2.8. Receiver Threshold 4 QAM - 28 MHz BW....................................................................................26 4.2.9. Receiver Threshold 16 QAM - 28 MHz BW..................................................................................26


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4.2.10. Receiver Threshold 32 QAM - 28 MHz BW..................................................................................26 4.2.11. Maximum input signal level .......................................................... ................................................. 27 4.2.12. RX oscillator frequency tolerance ........................................................... ....................................... 27 4.2.13. Noise Figure .................................................... ........................................................... ....................27

4.3. SYSTEM PERFORMANCE....................................................................................................................27 4.3.1. Equipment background BER (Residual BER)................................................................................27 4.3.2. System Signature ....................................................... ........................................................... ..........27 4.3.3. Co-channel interference sensitivity ......................................................... ....................................... 28 4.3.4. Adjacent channel interference sensitivity .......................................................... .............................28

4.4. DIPLEXER AND ANTENNA INTERFACE..........................................................................................29 4.4.1. General description.........................................................................................................................29 4.4.2. RF-Coupler ...................................................... ........................................................... ....................29 4.4.3. Interface to Antenna feeder system – non integrated antennas.......................................................29

4.5. IFU-ODU INTERFACE ..................................................... ........................................................... ..........30 4.5.1. Cable interface characteristics ....................................................... ................................................. 30 4.5.2. Cable requirements .................................................... ........................................................... ..........30 4.5.3. Lightening arrestor requirements....................................................................................................30

5. BASEBAND CHARACTERISTICS...............................................................................................................31 5.1. GENERAL ...................................................... ............................................................ .............................31 5.2. IP AND MPLS PACKET TRAFFIC SUPPORT.....................................................................................31 5.3. ETHERNET CHARACTERISTICS........................................................................................................31

5.3.1. Ethernet Interfaces..........................................................................................................................31 5.3.2. Throughput ...................................................... ........................................................... ....................31 5.3.3. Ethernet Frame Delay & Frame Delay Variation ....................................................... ....................32 5.3.4. Flow Control...................................................................................................................................32 5.3.5. MAC learning.................................................................................................................................32 5.3.6. L2 switch modes.............................................................................................................................32 5.3.7. VLAN switching.............................................................................................................................32 5.3.8. Quality of Service (QoS) ..................................................... ........................................................... 33

5.3.9. Rapid Spanning Tree ........................................................... ........................................................... 33 5.3.10. Maximum Packet Size ......................................................... ........................................................... 33 5.3.11. Packet Statistics ......................................................... ........................................................... ..........33

5.4. E1 CHARACTERISTICS........................................................................................................................34 5.4.1. E1 Interfaces .................................................... ........................................................... ....................34 5.4.2. E1 priority.......................................................................................................................................34 5.4.3. E1 delay ........................................................... ........................................................... ....................34

5.5. EBUS CHARACTERISTICS ....................................................... ........................................................... 34 5.6. EXTERNAL ALARM INPUT CHARACTERISTICS ....................................................... ....................35

6. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS........................................................ .............................36

6.1. THE BUILT-IN SUPERVISION SYSTEM ..................................................... ....................................... 36 6.1.1. Telnet..............................................................................................................................................36

6.1.2. Event log stored in NE....................................................................................................................37 6.1.3. Monitoring of traffic performance..................................................................................................37 6.1.4. Security management......................................................................................................................38 6.1.5. SNMP .................................................... ............................................................ .............................38

6.2. CONNECTION TO NERA NETMASTER.............................................................................................38

7. REFERENCES ........................................................ ............................................................ .............................39

8. TERMINOLOGY.............................................................................................................................................41

APPENDIX 1 – ODU/Diplexer sub-band range .................................................... ................................................. 42


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List of Figures PageFigure 2-1 Block diagram, 1+0 terminal ................................................... ........................................................... .......11 Figure 2-2 Block diagram, HSB - EPS........................................................................................................................12 Figure 2-3 Block diagram, HSB – RPS.......................................................................................................................12

Figure 2-4 System loopbacks & PRBS........................................................................................................................13 Figure 2-5 IFU-A (Ethernet & E1)..............................................................................................................................14 Figure 2-6 IFU-B (Ethernet)........................................................................................................................................14 Figure 2-7 E1 Cross-Connect .......................................................... ........................................................... ................. 15 Figure 2-8 ODU 1+0 & 30cm (1ft) antenna........................................................ ........................................................ 16 Figure 2-9 ODU Hot Standby & 60cm (2ft) antenna .................................................... .............................................. 16 Figure 3-1 Principle block diagram for a radio system .......................................................... ..................................... 19

List of Tables PageTable 3-1 Link Capacity..............................................................................................................................................17

Table 3-2 Frequency bands ................................................... ........................................................... ........................... 18 Table 3-3 ETSI equipment class, fixed modulation ...................................................... .............................................. 19 Table 3-4 Power Consumption – Terminal ......................................................... ........................................................ 22 Table 3-5 Power Consumption - Units ...................................................... ........................................................... .......22 Table 3-6 MTBF Figures.............................................................................................................................................22 Table 4-1 Nominal output power.................................................................................................................................23 Table 4-2 Receiver threshold 4 QAM in 7 MHz channel............................................................................................24 Table 4-3 Receiver threshold 16 QAM in 7 MHz channel..........................................................................................24 Table 4-4 Receiver threshold 32 QAM in 7 MHz channel..........................................................................................24 Table 4-5 Receiver threshold 4 QAM in 14 MHz channel..........................................................................................25 Table 4-6 Receiver threshold 16 QAM in 14 MHz channel........................................................................................25 Table 4-7 Receiver threshold 32 QAM in 14 MHz channel........................................................................................25 Table 4-8 Receiver threshold 4 QAM in 28 MHz channel..........................................................................................26 Table 4-9 Receiver threshold 16 QAM in 28 MHz channel........................................................................................26 Table 4-10 Receiver threshold 32 QAM in 28 MHz channel......................................................................................26 Table 4-11 Maximum input signal level......................................................................................................................27 Table 4-12 Typical and guaranteed signature values...................................................................................................27 Table 4-13 Co-Channel Interference Sensitivity ........................................................... .............................................. 28 Table 4-14 Adjacent Channel Interference Sensitivity................................................................................................28 Table 4-15 RF-coupler loss ................................................... ........................................................... ........................... 29 Table 4-16 ODU flanges and waveguide.....................................................................................................................29 Table 4-17 Recommended IFU-ODU cables ...................................................... ........................................................ 30 Table 5-1 Ethernet Frame Delay & Delay Variation...................................................................................................32 Table 6-1 RMON packet counters...............................................................................................................................37


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EDGE 7

ScopeSection 1 of this document gives an overview of Nera Evolution Series PTP microwave radios. Section 2and onwards covers the Evolution Series – EDGE specifications.

1. INTRODUCTION - EVOLUTION SERIESThe Nera Evolution Series covers products for all type of professional wireless carrier systems. Nera’smicrowave experience dates back more than 60 years, with a leading position in this field.

The Nera Evolution Series microwave radio dramatically changes the operations for wireless transmissionnetwork owners. With common platform architecture, transmission capacity, system configurations andtransmission protocols can be changed to adapt to future needs. Evolution Series is designed with focuson high MTBF to achieve low cost of ownership. Fullband ODUs leads to requirement for very few spareparts and simplified logistics. Evolution Series ensures maximum uptime and low maintenance.

The Evolution Series microwave radio family is designed to transmit data rates from about 6 Mb/s to 1.6GB/s, in frequency bands from 4 GHz to 40 GHz. The configuration of capacity and modulation isconfigurable, giving an optimal balance between system gain and spectral efficiency. The units in thesystem are very flexible allowing a wide range of capacities and features to be enabled by software.

Network operators can easily future proof the network as the microwave radio can easily adapt to theevolution of the transmission network. Growing traffic and the convergence of network technologiescauses changing requirements, such as capacity upgrades, change of transmission systems between PDH,SDH/SONET and pure Ethernet; all this is simply implemented by software configuration change andchange of interface modules. The available interfaces range from E1, T1, E3, DS3 STM-1/OC-3, andSTM-4/OC12 to 10/100BASE-TX and Gigabit Ethernet.

The Evolution Series radios are integrated in Nera’s EM/NMS system, NetMaster. Integration of Fault

and Performance management into 3rd party SNMP Managers are possible using the Evolution SNMPMIBs provided by Nera.

Evolution Series – Main Features and Benefits:

Licensed frequency bands from 4 to 40 GHz, ETSI and ANSI

Indoor and outdoor configurations from non-protected to 7+1

Channel bandwidths from 5 to 56 MHz

Throughput from 6Mb/s in 5MHz to 350Mb/s in 56MHz

One Transceiver covers one complete frequency band (very few spares needed)

Low power consumption

Embedded advanced Ethernet switching features

Native Ethernet and E1/T1 mapping or Ethernet and E1/T1 over SDH/SONET

1.1. Technology and Architecture

The Evolution Series microwave radio utilizes the state-of-the-art technology to achieve low powerconsumption and high reliability.

A high degree of RF circuit integration is achieved using Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuits

(MMIC’s). This, combined with a direct at RF modulation architecture, enables a broadband and compactODU design. Furthermore, patented power amplifier technology delivers low power consumption whichfurther enhances reliability.


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The modem contains multi-level modulation, combined with powerful error correction codes. The modemis extremely flexible, enabling an optimum configuration for all capacities and channel plans.

The ODU consists of a Transceiver and a Diplexer. The ODU is frequency and capacity agile over thewhole frequency band. The Diplexer tuning range is very wide and most frequency bands can be coveredby 2-3 variants for the whole band. The frequency setting is easy and is performed locally or remotelythrough the GUI or element manager.

The ODU can be mounted directly on the antenna, both in unprotected and protected configurations. TheODU can also be mounted on the antenna pole, using a short flexible waveguide to the antenna.

The various InterFace Units (IFUs) are extremely compact, catering for cost efficient solutions to bothTDM and Ethernet traffic needs. The IFUs contains the user interfaces, baseband processing andmultiplexing, management and radio interfaces. The embedded SDH/PDH cross-connects allows flexibleaggregation of TDM traffic from tail sites, while the advanced Ethernet L2/VLAN-switch performs

carrier Ethernet service aggregation and QoS functions.

1.2. Network Applications

The Evolution Series microwave radio is ideally suited for carrier grade backhauling of mobile- and/orWiMAX- networks. The flexibility in configurations between Ethernet, E1/T1 and SDH/SONET isfuture-proofing the investment, as the equipment can easily adapt to a pure packet network by simplesoftware re-configuration.

Backhaul networks

- The Evolution Series PtP radio is ideal for demanding and critical application such as backhaul of 3Gand the emerging 4G cellular systems. The hybrid nature of the Evolution Series, makes it a perfect

choice for backhaul of legacy TDM based services as well as a mix mode network, where TDM andIP traffic are carried over a shared link, towards the next generation all IP infrastructure.

- Where loss of traffic directly results in loss of revenue, reliability and maximum uptime are criticalparameters for the network operator. The Evolution Series reliable and flexible architecture as well ashigh system gain, ensures increased availability of the offered services, and a secured revenue stream.The embedded E1 cross-connect enables routing of traffic without the need for external cabling. Theradio can be configured for a wide range of capacities, ensuring an optimal utilization of the availablespectrum as well as capabilities for upgrading when traffic demand increases or new services areintroduced.

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EDGE 9

2. SYSTEM OVERVIEW – EVOLUTION SERIES EDGEThe remaining sections of this document cover Evolution Series EDGE.

Evolution Series EDGE is a fully software configurable point-to-point radio system with split

architecture. Transmission capacity, adaptive modulation and Ethernet features are controlled by licensesand upgrades can easily be done after installation.

The ANSI version of the IFU supports 100Mbps Ethernet.The ETSI version of IFU includes, in addition to Ethernet interfaces, 20E1 interfaces and embedded E1cross-connect.

Evolution Series EDGE - Main Features and Benefits:

Licensed frequency bands: 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, 38 GHz

System configuration: 1+0 and Hot Standby

Channel bandwidths: 7, 14 or 28-30 MHz

One Transceiver covers one complete frequency band (very few spares needed)

Throughput: 10.5 – 111 Mb/s

Fixed or hitless adaptive modulation

Native mapping of Ethernet traffic into radio-frame with minimal overhead

Advanced Ethernet switching features

EBUS - for easy interconnection of IFUs in a traffic node

Up to 20xE1 mapped directly to radio-frame

Embedded E1 cross-connect

Low power consumption

Evolution Series EDGE is utilizing native mapping of traffic into the radio frame. With the ETSI IFU, E1capacity is optional, and selectable up to 20xE1. Remaining link capacity is used for Ethernet traffic.Fixed or adaptive modulation is selectable in RF-channels of 7, 14 or 28-30 MHz. Changes and upgradescan be done by the user without HW changes of the basic platform.

In adaptive modulation mode, the radio will select the highest possible throughput based on receivedsignal quality. If the signal quality is degraded due to link fading or interference, the radio will change to

a more robust modulation and link throughput is consequently reduced. When signal quality improves,the modulation is automatically increased and link throughput is restored to the original setting. Thethroughput changes are hitless (no bit errors introduced). During a period of reduced throughput, thetraffic is prioritized based on Ethernet QoS - and E1 priority - settings. In case of congestion, Ethernetand/or E1 traffic with lowest priority is dropped. E1 capacity is fixed per modulation state based on theE1 priority setting.

2.1. Hardware Overview

A non-protected terminal consists of one IFU, one ODU and one antenna. The IFU and the ODU isinterconnected by a single coaxial cable carrying power to the ODU and user-traffic. Maximum distancebetween IFU and ODU is 200m/650ft. The ODU consist of a Transceiver and a Diplexer. Each

Transceiver covers a full frequency band (e.g. the 23GHz band). The Diplexer covers a sub-band, andthere are typically 2-3 different diplexers per frequency band. The diplexers are field replaceable. For anODU/diplexer overview see Appendix 1.


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2.2. Software Overview

The equipment has two software banks in the IFU, one active and one inactive for backup and upgrades.Upgrades can be downloaded to the inactive software bank using the Graphical User Interface (GUI) or

the element manager (NetMaster). Active software bank can be switched any time controlled fromNetMaster or through the GUI. Software to the ODU is automatically uploaded from the IFU at powerup. Optional software licenses are stored in the IFU. Each IFU is given an IP-address and is considered asa network element together with its accompanied ODU. A HSB-terminal is then consistently consideredas two network elements. Terminal configuration can be uploaded from the terminal for backup andduplication needs, and downloaded to the terminal from a saved configuration file.

2.3. Compatibility with Evolution Series METRO & XPAND

The Evolution Series EDGE is a hardware optimized solution based on the Evolution Series platform.The IFU and ODU are optimized for cost effective edge networks, requiring TDM (E1) connectionsand/or carrier Ethernet services. The ODU has the same physical appearance and is using the samediplexers, couplers and antenna mount systems as the Evolution Series METRO & XPAND ODU. The

external diplexer design, allowing easy replacement of diplexers in the field, is common for all EvolutionSeries ODUs. The cable and connectors between the IFU and the ODU is the same. Installation andoperation of the different Evolution Series variants are very similar, and look and feel is the same. Theuser interface in the embedded web manger is similar to the other Evolution Series variants, and themanagement solutions for the NMS are also following the same principles.

2.4. Features – basic terminal

Evolution Series EDGE (no feature license required):

• 1+0 or Hot Standby configuration

• 7 MHz – 10.5 Mbps

• 14 MHz – 21 Mbps

• 28-30 MHz – 44 Mbps• Ethernet 4xFE with MAC switching (one in EBUS#1-interface)

• Ethernet QoS

• 4 Alarm input - open/closed circuit – configurable

• Configuration and control through built-in Web-server using a standard web-browser

• SNMPv2 for network management

2.5. Licensed features (software controlled)

• Fixed higher order modulation (16 and 32 QAM), enabling capacity up to 111 Mbps

• Adaptive Modulation (This license includes fixed higher order modulation)

• E1 transport, up to 20xE1

• E1 cross-connect (4x20E1 – PXC)• SNMPv3 / HTTPS (encrypted network management)

• VLAN-switching (IEEE 802.1Q). This feature allows tagging of untagged traffic (priority andVLAN-id) as well as assigning VLAN membership to each switch port

• Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP – Ethernet loop protection)


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2.6. System Configurations

Evolution Series EDGE is available in the following configurations:

• 1+0 (Non Protected)

• Hot Standby:o Equipment Protection Switching (EPS). IFU and ODU are protected. External split of

traffic requiredo Radio Protection Switching (RPS). ODU is protected. Internal split of traffic. All

customer connections to main IFU

2.6.1. 1+0 system

The 1+0 configuration consists of an IFU with 20 E1 interfaces, two EDGE-bus serial interfaces and threeFE Ethernet interfaces. A single coaxial cable connects the IFU to the ODU. The ODU is mounteddirectly on the antenna or near the antenna. When the ODU is not mounted directly on the antenna, ashort flexible waveguide is used to connect the ODU to the antenna port.

Figure 2-1 Block diagram, 1+0 terminal

2.6.2. Hot StandBy (HSB) systemThe HSB configuration consists of two IFUs connected through EBUS in a Main/Standby mode, twocoaxial cables to the ODUs and two ODUs mounted on an RF-Coupler Unit or on two separate antennas.The RF-Coupler can be asymmetrical or symmetrical, and the RF-Coupler/ODU assembly can bemounted directly on the antenna or near the antenna. When the RF-Coupler is not directly mounted, ashort flexible waveguide is used to connect the RF-Coupler to the antenna port.

HSB Space Diversity:

Improved system performance can be achieved by use of two antennas), and no coupler. Thisconfiguration provides path diversity as well as higher system gain with the same size antennas.

IFU – Configuration modes:Two alternative IFU configuration modes are available; HSB-EPS with protection of IFU and ODU andHSB-RPS with protection of ODU.

2.6.2.1. Hot Standby – Equipment Protection Switching (HSB-EPS)

E1s and Alarm inputs are connected to both IFUs using a Y-split-cable. Ethernet protection is achieved byusing separate connections from an external Ethernet switch. EBUS2 between the IFUs is used forcontrol and monitoring.


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2.6.2.2. Hot Standby – Radio Protection Switching (HSB-RPS)

Ethernet, E1s and Alarm inputs are all connected to the main IFU. Internal switching in the main IFU isused to distribute traffic to the Standby IFU. EBUS1 between the IFUs is used for traffic, control andmonitoring.

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2.6.2.3. HSB switching

Manual HSB Switching:Manual switching is available using the equipment graphical user interface.

Automatic HSB Switching:Switching is based on individual hardware alarms or a combination of several hardware alarms. TX andRX direction (one terminal) are switched simultaneously if one or more of the switch criteria are active.Masking of switch criteria is possible. Switching can be configured to be revertive or non-revertive.Total switching time is < 2s.

Default TX switching criteria: TX Alarm E1 LOS Alarm (on any enabled E1) Ethernet Link Loss Alarm (on any enabled Ethernet access ports excl ETH#1 used

for management)

Default RX switching criteria:

HBER Alarm Demod Synch Loss Alarm ODU Lost Contact Alarm LOWRF (additional criteria used for fixed modulation configurations)


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2.7. Test features

2.7.1. Looping & built-in PRBS

The following looping possibilities are built into the equipment and can be activated from the GraphicalUser Interface. All loopbacks are automatically de-activated after a user selected activation period.The E1s can be individually configured to run built-in PRBS tests. In combination with E1-looping it isthen possible to do an E1 performance test from one location.

Ethernet loopbacks require test-instruments that accept traffic coming back to the same interface.

Figure 2-4 System loopbacks & PRBS

Local terminal loopback: Loopback to other terminal:

1. E1 (LIU) 2. E1 (LIU) towards ODU

3. Ethernet (switch) 4. Ethernet (switch) towards ODU

5. ODU


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2.8. IFU Unit Description

Two HW-versions of the IFU are available. The A-version has Ethernet and E1 interfaces, and the B-version has Ethernet interfaces only. The IFUs are extremely low power units with fixed interfaces. Each

unit is slightly less than 1RU high and only half 19” width wide. Two IFUs can be mounted next to eachother in a 19” rack, and two IFUs are used in protected configurations. The two IFU variants arecompatible if configured without E1.

The IFUs contains a built-in controller, Ethernet interfaces and a built-in Ethernet switch for packettraffic. The A-version includes also E1 interfaces and cross-connect for the E1 traffic. Traffic capacityand mix of Ethernet and E1 is user selectable with some features controlled by software licenses.Ethernet- and E1- traffic are then carried over the coaxial interface to the ODU where the signals aremodulated to the RF-carrier. The IFU has a built-in web-server, and may be managed by a standard web-browser.

Figure 2-5 IFU-A (Ethernet & E1)

Figure 2-6 IFU-B (Ethernet)

2.8.1. IFU Interfaces

The IFU is equipped with the following interfaces/connectors:

• 1 x RJ45 for Alarm-input (4 x External Alarm Input)

• 3 x 10/100 Base-TX interface

• 2 x EBUS (RJ45) for interconnection of IFUs (including 1xFE on EBUS#1) • 1 x ODU interface (TNC) • -48V Power

• GND connector (M4 screw) • SD memory card slot (for future use) • Additional interfaces for IFU-A: 20 x E1 (2xE1 on each RJ45 connector)


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2.8.2. IFU LEDs

The IFU has four LEDs at the left end indicating power and alarm/traffic status. One LED at the right endof the IFU is indicating Radio (ODU) status.

2.8.3. SD memory card slot

An SD memory card slot is provided at the side of the IFU. A standard SD- or SDHC- memory card canbe inserted to store configuration data and/or RF-input time series measurements.

2.8.4. IFU reset button

A reset button is provided next to the ODU-interface. The reset button is accessed through a small hole inthe IFU-front and is used to reset configuration to factory default.

2.8.5. E1-cross-connect (IFU-A version)

The IFU-A contains an embedded 4-port PDH X-Connect (PXC). All E1s may be cross-connected

individually between each of the four ports. One port goes to the 20xE1 Line Interfaces, one port goes tothe Radio Interface, and the last two ports goes to the EBUS interfaces (EBUS #1 and #2). Each of thefour ports can handle up to 20 E1 circuits (4x20E1 non-blocking cross-connect).

Figure 2-7 E1 Cross-Connect

E1 Cross-Connect(PXC)

20xE1 orts

Radio

EBUS #2

EBUS #1


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2.9. ODU Unit Description

The ODU hardware is capacity and modulation independent. It consists of a Transceiver and a Diplexer.The Transceiver is tunable over the whole frequency band, both high and low part. The diplexer

determines the sub-band coverage. The ODU is normally mounted directly to the antenna for allconfigurations. In HSB and 2x 1+0 configurations, an RF-coupler is used when connecting the ODU tothe antenna interface.

An optional pole mount kit is available.

Figure 2-8 ODU 1+0 & 30cm (1ft)

antenna

Figure 2-9 ODU Hot Standby & 60cm (2ft)

antenna


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3. GENERAL EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS

3.1. Link Capacity

The table below shows capacities vs. channel bandwidth and modulation type. Capacity is shown in termsof total payload that may be allocated to Ethernet- or E1- transport, or a mix of the two traffic types.Maximum Ethernet capacity is 100Mb/s. Maximum E1 capacity is 20xE1.

Bandwidth and ModulationLink Capacity

7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz

10.5 Mb/s (0-5E1) 4 QAM

21 Mb/s (0-10E1) 16 QAM

27 Mb/s (0-12E1) 32 QAM21 Mb/s (0-10E1) 4 QAM

43 Mb/s (0-20E1) 16 QAM54 Mb/s (0-20E1) 32 QAM

44 Mb/s (0-20E1) 4 QAM89 Mb/s (0-20E1) 16 QAM

111 Mb/s (0-20E1) 32 QAM

Table 3-1 Link Capacity

3.2. Frequency bands

The equipment is available in ITU-R, CEPT, FCC and national frequency bands according to thefollowing tables. The BW given in the last column is for information only and indicates which BWs theplan includes. Each Transceiver covers a complete frequency band. Details about Diplexer tuning range is

found in Appendix 1.

Frequency

Band

Frequency

[GHz]Channel Plan

Duplex

spacing

[MHz]

BW [MHz]

7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ITU-R F.385-7 Annex 3 196 28

7 GHz 7.1-7.4 CEPT 02-06 Annex 1 154 7/14/28

7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec. 1-4 161 7/14/28

7 GHz 7.1-7.4 ACA Rali FX3 270 30

7 GHz 7.2-7.5 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec. 1-4 161 7/14/287 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 3 168 28

7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 1,4 154 28

7 GHz 7.4-7.7ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 1, 1

CEPT 02-06 Annex 1154 7/14/28

7 GHz 7.4-7.7 ITU-R F.385-8 Rec 1-4 161 7/14/28

7 GHz 7.4-7.9 ITU-R F.385-8 Annex 4 245 7/14/28

7 GHz 7.1-7.7 “Korea” 300 30

7 GHz 7.1 – 7.7 IC SRSP –307.1 150/175 30

8 GHz 7.7-8.3 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 1 311.32 29.65

8 GHz 7.9-8.4 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 4 266 7/14/28

8 GHz 7.9-8.5 CEPT 02-06 310 7/14/28


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Frequency

Band

Frequency

[GHz]Channel Plan

Duplex

spacing

[MHz]

BW [MHz]

8 GHz 8.2-8.5 ITU-R F.386-6 Annex 3 119126

147

8 GHz 8.2-8.5 ITU-R F.386-6 Rec. 1 151.614 7

8 GHz 7.7 - 8.3 IC SRSP –307.7 300 30

11 GHz 10.7-11.7 ITU-R F. 387-9 530 30

11 GHz 10.7-11.7 ITU-R F. 387-9 Annex 2 490 30

11 GHz 10.7 - 11.7FCC CFR47 101.147 Table o

IC SRSP –310.7490 30

13 GHz 12.7-13.3ITU-R F. 497-6CEPT 12 02F

266 7/14/28

15 GHz 14.4-15.35 ITU-R F.636-3 490 7/14/28

15 GHz 14.5-15.35 ITU-R F.636-3 420 7/14/28

15 GHz 14.6-15.2 CFT Mexico 315 14/28

15 GHz 14.5-15.35 CEPT 12-07E 728 7/14/28

15 GHz 14.5-15.35 ACA RALI FX3 644 14/28

15 GHz 14.4-15.35 IC SRSP-314.5 475 30

18 GHz 17.7-19.7ITU-R F.595-8CEPT 12-03E

1010 7/13.75/27.5

18 GHz 17.7-19.7ITU-R F.595-8

Norma No 15/961560 13.75/27.5

18 GHz 17.7-19.7 China 1092.5 27.5

18 GHz 17.7-19.7 China 1120 28

18 GHz 18.7-19.7FCC CFR47 101.147 Table r

IC SRSP-317.81560 30

23 GHz 21.2-23.6ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 3

CEPT 13-02E1008 7/14/28

23 GHz 22.0-23.6 RA 352 1008 28

23 GHz 21.2-23.6 ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 4 1200 50

23 GHz 21.2-23.6 ITU-R F.637-3 Annex 1 1232 7/14/28

23 GHz 21.2-23.6FCC CFR47 101.147 Table s

IC SRSP321.81200 30

24 GHz 24,25-25,35FCC CFR47 101.147 Table r

IC SRSP-324.25800 30

26 GHz 24.25-26.5ITU-R F.748-4 Annex 1

CEPT 13-02E1008 7/14/28

38 GHz 37.0-39.5ITU-R F.749-2 Annex 1

CEPT 12-01E1260 7/14/28

38 GHz 38.6-40.0FCC CFR47 101.147 Table v

IC SRSP338.6700 30

Table 3-2 Frequency bands


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3.3. Equipment Reference Points

A principle block diagram for a digital radio relay system, including the main blocks, is shown in Figure

3-1. The block diagram includes marked interface points, which serve as reference points for severaltechnical parameters used in this document.

* The RF-Coupler is used in Hot StandBy or 2x (1+0) single polarized configurations

Figure 3-1 Principle block diagram for a radio system

3.4. International and National Standards

Evolution Series is compliant with relevant international and national standards. Units relevantfor the EU-market are type approved and labelled according to EU Directive 1999/5/EC

(R&TTE).3.5. ETSI Equipment Class

The equipment is compliant to the relevant class specifications in EN 302 217. In adaptive modulationmode the equipment is compliant to ETSI class 2. For fixed modulation mode the following classesapplies:

BWFixed

ModulationClass

4 QAM 2

16 QAM 47,14 or 28 MHz

32 QAM 4

Table 3-3 ETSI equipment class, fixed modulation


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3.6. Environmental

3.6.1. Electromagnetic Compatibility Conditions (EMC)

ETSI: The equipment conforms to the EMC standard as specified in EN 301 489 part 1 and 4.

FCC: The equipment conforms to FCC Part 15 subpart B class A.

3.6.2. Safety conditions

The equipment conforms to EN 60215, EN 60950 and UL/CSA 60950.

3.6.3. RoHS and WEEE compliance

The equipment is compliant to EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) and EU Directive 2002/96/EC (WEEE).

3.6.4. Environmental conditions

The equipment conforms to the environmental classes defined in ETS-300-019:

• Transportation: ETSI-EN-300-019-1-2, class 2.3, public transportation.(temperature range: -40°C to +70°C).

• Storage: ETSI-EN-300-019-1-1, class 1.2, weather protected,not temperature-controlled storage locations.

(temperature range: -40°C to +70°C).

• Use: Indoor mounted units: Temperature range: -5 °C to +55 °C.According to ETSI-EN-300-019-1-3, class 3.2, partly temperature-

controlled locations.For temperatures between +45°C and +55°C the relative humiditymust be between 5% and 40%.

Altitude 5000 m/16400 feet

Outdoor mounted units: Operational temperature range: -45 °C to +55 °C.Guaranteed performance in the range: -33 °C to +50 °C.Humidity 100 %.

Altitude 5000 m/16400 feetCompliant with ETSI-EN-300-019-1-4, class 4.1, non weatherprotected locations

For temperatures below 0°C the equipment must be switched on

for at least 10 minutes in order to operate according to the

specifications.

3.6.5. Outdoor Enclosure Protection

The ODU is waterproof and weather resistant according to IP65


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3.7. Mechanical Characteristics

3.7.1. Installation

The equipment is very easy and quick to install. It is designed for stationary use in split mountinstallations. IFU and ODU are interconnected with coaxial cable. One cable for each ODU is used. (i.e.two cables needed for HSB systems). The IFU can be installed as a stand-alone unit, or it can be mountedin a standard 19” rack (Ref. IEC 297-2 and IEC 297-3), or in an ETSI standard cabinet (Ref. ETSI EN300 119) using optional mounting brackets. The ODU may be mounted directly to the antenna forantenna sizes up to and including 1.8 m. Alternatively the ODU can be supplied with a mount for avertical column (Ø = 60-115 mm).

3.7.2. Dimensions

IFU1 1+0: 227 mm x 181 mm x 37 mm, 8.9” x 7.1” x 1.46” (0.85RU)

ODU 1+0, 7 - 11 GHz: 228 mm x 197 mm x 240 mm, 9” x 7.6” x 9.5”ODU 1+0, 13 - 40 GHz: 218 mm x 177 mm x 230 mm, 8.6” x 7” x 9.1”

RF Coupler 7 - 11 GHz: 232 mm x 102 mm x 415 mm, 9.1” x 4.0” x 16.3”13 - 40 GHz: 220 mm x 106 mm x 374 mm, 8.7” x 4.2” x 14.7”

XCVR 7 - 40 GHz: 218 mm x 125 mm x 230 mm, 8.6” x 4.9 x 9.1”

3.7.3. Weights

IFU: 0.8 kg / 1.8 lbsODU 7 - 11 GHz: 8.0 kg / 17.7 lbsODU 13 - 40 GHz: 6.5 kg / 14.3 lbsRF Coupler: 5.0 kg / 11.0 lbsXCVR: 5.2 kg / 11.5 lbs

1 The width and depth of the unit are exclusive flanges (mounting brackets) and table studs for free-standing mounting. Specialbrackets for mounting into different cabinets are available. Two IFUs can be mounted horisontally in a 19” rack


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3.8. Power supply and consumption

The equipment operates from a battery supply between -40.5 volt and -57 volt, nominally -48 volt DCaccording to EN 300 132-2. The primary DC-power is supplied to the indoor unit through a filtering and

reverse polarity protection function. The power to the outdoor unit is supplied from the indoor unit via theIFU-ODU coaxial cable. When using Hot StandBy (HSB) configuration, the power consumption in thestandby ODU is about 12W lower than the active ODU.

Average numbers in the tables below should be used for calculating power consumption over time.Maximum numbers should be used for dimensioning the power system to work under all environmentaland traffic load conditions.

7 & 8 GHz 11 GHz 13-26 GHz 38 GHzTerminal

Average Maximum Average Maximum Average Maximum Average Maximum

1+0 Terminal 36 W 44 W 55 W 63 W 42 W 55 W 55 W 63 WHSB Terminal 60 W 76 W 98 W 114 W 70 W 98 W 98 W 114 W

Table 3-4 Power Consumption – Terminal

Unit Average Power

Consumption

Maximum Power

Consumption

ODU 7 & 8 GHz 29 W 34 W

ODU 13-26 GHz 35 W 45 W

ODU 11 & 38 GHz 48 W 53 WIFU-A & IFU-B 7 W 10 W

Table 3-5 Power Consumption - Units

3.9. System Reliability

3.9.1. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)

The MTBF figures are predicted and calculated according to methods in MIL-HDBK-217E includingadjustment for experienced field data. MTBF for 1+0 Terminal is about 45 years.

Unit name:MTBF @ 25 °°°°C ambient temp [[[[Hours]]]]:

Transceiver Unit (ODU) 600 000

IFU-A & IFU-B 1 200 000

Table 3-6 MTBF Figures


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EDGE 23

4. RADIO CHARACTERISTICS

4.1. Transmitter Characteristics

The Transmitter is kept muted until the terminal is configured with relevant RF frequencies.The same applies to the situation where the IFU is replaced by a spare IFU.

4.1.1. Nominal Output Power

The tolerance is ± 1.5 dB for 7 & 8 GHz and ± 2 dB for 13-38 GHz. Typical values measured withmodulation (PRBS-data). Ref. Point C’ [dBm]. For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 4.4.2.

Frequency band: [GHz] Modulation

7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

Fixed 4 QAM +23 +23 +25 +22 +22 +20 +20 +19.5 +19

Fixed 16 QAM +23 +23 +25 +22 +22 +20 +20 +19.5 +19

Fixed 32 QAM +22 +22 +24 +21 +21 +19 +19 +18.5 +18

Adaptive Modulation +23 +23 +25 +22 +22 +20 +20 +19.5 +19

Table 4-1 Nominal output power

4.1.2. Automatic/Manual Power Control (ATPC/MTPC)

ATPC is an optional feature, which is aimed to drive the TX power amplifier output level from a properminimum, which is calculated to facilitate the radio network planning and is used in the case of normal

propagation, up to a maximum value, which is given in Table 4-1. When ATPC is disabled (i.e. MTPCmode), the output power can be set by the user.

ATPC-figures:Transmitter power output regulation speed: > 50 dB/sTypical ATPC-range: 20-25 dBGuaranteed ATPC-range: 20 dB

Nominal input level is adjustable by the user.Adjustment range: -30 dBm to -60 dBm

Configurable “Coordinated/Default” Output Power and 5 min alarm for exceeded level

supported.

MTPC figures:Typical MTPC range: 20-25 dB

Range with ETSI mask compliance 1 7-23 GHz ODU: 15 dB26-38 GHz ODU: 10 dB

Step size: 0.1 dBAccuracy: Ref Corresponding Output Power Tolerance

1 For compliance to optional ETSI mask requirement of -60 dBc in frequency bands from 7-8GHz, the MTPC range is 10 dB.


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4.1.3. TX oscillator frequency tolerance

Frequency tolerance: ≤ ± 5 ppm.

4.2. Receiver CharacteristicsTypical values measured with modulation (PRBS-data). Ref. Point C’.Guaranteed values are 1.5 dB higher. For RF-Coupler loss see chapter 4.4.2

4.2.1. Receiver Threshold – Adaptive Modulation Mode

Modulation is switched based on SNR–estimates on the receive side. Switching to lower modulation isactivated 3-4 dB above the BER 10-6 threshold. Hysteresis is 1dB.

Equipment thresholds for each bandwidth (7, 14 and 28MHz) are equal to the 4 QAM receiver thresholdvalues given in the tables for fixed modulation below.

4.2.2. Receiver Threshold 4 QAM - 7 MHz BWFrequency band:

[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -89.5 -89.5 -89 -88.5 -88.5 -87.5 -87.5 -87 -85

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -88 -88 -87.5 -87 -87 -86.5 -86.5 -85.5 -84

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -87 -87 -86.5 -86 -86 -85.5 -85.5 -84.5 -83

Table 4-2 Receiver threshold 4 QAM in 7 MHz channel


[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -83 -83 -83 -82 -82 -81 -81 -80.5 -79

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -81.5 -81.5 -81.5 -80.5 -80.5 -79.5 -79.5 -79 -77

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -80 -80 -80 -79 -79 -78 -78 -77.5 -76



[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -80 -80 -80 -79 -79 -78 -78 -77.5 -76

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -78 -78 -78 -77.5 -77 -76.5 -76.5 -75.5 -74

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -77 -77 -77 -76 -76 -75.5 -75.5 -74.5 -73



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EDGE 25

4.2.5. Receiver Threshold 4 QAM - 14 MHz BW

Frequency band:

[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -87.5 -87 -87 -86.5 -86.5 -85.5 -85.5 -85 -83

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -86 -86 -86 -85 -85 -84.5 -84.5 -83.5 -82

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -85 -85 -85 -84.5 -84 -83.5 -83.5 -82.5 -81



Frequency band:

[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -80 -80 -80 -79.5 -79 -78.5 -78.5 -77.5 -76

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -79 -78.5 -78.5 -78 -78 -77 -77 -76.5 -74.5

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -77.5 -77.5 -77.5 -76.5 -76.5 -75.5 -75.5 -75 -73



Frequency band:

[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -77 -77 -76.5 -76 -76 -75 -75 -74.5 -72.5

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -75.5 -75 -75 -74.5 -74.5 -73.5 -73.5 -73 -71

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -74 -74 -74 -73 -73 -72 -72 -71.5 -69.5



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Frequency band:

[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -84 -84 -83.5 -83 -83 -82 -82 -81.5 -79.5

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -82.5 -82.5 -82 -82 -81.5 -81 -81 -80 -78.5

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -81.5 -81.5 -81 -81 -80.5 -80 -80 -79 -77.5



Frequency band:

[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -78 -77.5 -77.5 -77 -77 -76 -76 -75.5 -73.5

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -76.5 -76.5 -76 -75.5 -75.5 -75 -75 -74 -72.5

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -75.5 -75.5 -75 -74.5 -74.5 -73.5 -73.5 -73 -71



Frequency band:

[GHz]7 8 11 13 15 18 23 26 38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -75 -75 -74.5 -74 -74 -73 -73 -72.5 -70.5

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -74 -74 -73.5 -73 -73 -72 -72 -71.5 -69.5

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -73 -73 -72.5 -72 -72 -71 -71 -70.5 -68.5



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4.2.11. Maximum input signal level

Maximum input signal levels in point C (measured with PRBS of 223-1).These limits apply without interference:

Frequency band: [GHz] 7-18 23-38

BER ≤ 10-6 [dBm] -17 -20

BER ≤ 10-8 [dBm] -19 -22

BER ≤ 10-10 [dBm] -21 -24

Table 4-11 Maximum input signal level

4.2.12. RX oscillator frequency tolerance

Frequency tolerance: ≤ ±5 ppmThis limit includes both short-term factors (environmental effects) and long-term ageing effects.

4.2.13. Noise Figure

Ref. Point C. Guaranteed Values.

Frequency band: [GHz] 7-8 11 13/15 18/23 26 38

Noise figure F [dB] ≤ 3.9 ≤ 4.4 ≤ 4.8 ≤ 5.8 ≤ 6.3 ≤ 7.9

4.3. System Performance

4.3.1. Equipment background BER (Residual BER)Typical residual BER is ≤ 3x10-14. Guaranteed residual BER is ≤ 3x10-13.

4.3.2. System Signature

The equipment includes an Adaptive Time Domain Equalizer (ATDE). The system signature forBER=10-6 is specified below for 6.3 ns delay of reflected signal. The limits are valid for both minimumand non-minimum phase.

Typical values Guaranteed valuesCapacity and Channel

BW Width[MHz]

Depth

[dB] SF

DFM

[dB]

Width

[MHz]

Depth

[dB]

111 Mbit/s@28MHz (32 QAM) 27 26 1.35 52 30 17

89 Mbit/s@28MHz (16 QAM) 20 26 1.00 53 29 17

44 Mbit/s@28MHz (4 QAM) 20 36 0.32 65 24 25

54 Mbit/s@14MHz (32 QAM) 13 30 0.41 60 15 22

43 Mbit/s@14MHz (16 QAM) 12 32 0.30 62 14 22

21 Mbit/s@14MHz (4 QAM) 8 37 0.11 70 12 32

27 Mbit/s@7MHz (32 QAM) 6 35 0.11 69 10 25

21 Mbit/s@7MHz (16 QAM) 6 37 0.08 71 10 22

10.5 Mbit/s@7MHz (4 QAM) 3 40 0.03 78 4 35

ACM@28MHz 20 36 0.32 65 24 25

ACM@14MHz 8 37 0.11 70 12 32

ACM@7MHz 3 40 0.03 78 4 35

Table 4-12 Typical and guaranteed signature values


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4.3.3. Co-channel interference sensitivity

The table shows maximum C/I values for 1 dB and 3 dB increase of the 10-6 BER threshold.

Guaranteed C/I at BER = 10-6

@ RSL DegradationLink Capacity

1 dB 3 dB111 Mbit/s@28MHz (32QAM) 28 24

89 Mbit/s@28MHz (16QAM) 25 21

44 Mbit/s@28MHz(4QAM) 19 15

56 Mbit/s@14MHz (32QAM) 29 25

44 Mbit/s@14MHz (16QAM) 26 22

21 Mbit/s@14MHz (4QAM) 19 15

27 Mbit/s@7MHz (32QAM) 29 25

21 Mbit/s@7MHz (16QAM) 26 2210.5 Mbit/s@7MHz (4QAM) 20 16

ACM@28MHz 19 15

ACM@14MHz 19 15

ACM@7MHz 20 16

Table 4-13 Co-Channel Interference Sensitivity

4.3.4. Adjacent channel interference sensitivity

The table shows maximum C/I values for 1 dB and 3 dB increase of the 10-6 BER threshold.

Guaranteed C/I at BER = 10-6

@ RSL Degradation [dB]Link Capacity 1 dB 3 dB

111 Mbit/s@28MHz (32QAM) -6 -9.5

89 Mbit/s@28MHz (16QAM) -6 -10

44 Mbit/s@28MHz(4QAM) -6 -10

56 Mbit/s@14MHz (32QAM) -6 -9.5

44 Mbit/s@14MHz (16QAM) -6 -9

21 Mbit/s@14MHz (4QAM) -6 -9

27 Mbit/s@7MHz (32QAM) -3 -7

21 Mbit/s@7MHz (16QAM) -3 -7

10.5 Mbit/s@7MHz (4QAM) -3 -6

ACM@28MHz -6 -10

ACM@14MHz -6 -9

ACM@7MHz -3 -6

Table 4-14 Adjacent Channel Interference Sensitivity


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EDGE 29

4.4. Diplexer and Antenna Interface

4.4.1. General description

The diplexer determines the ODU sub-band coverage and duplex spacing. Most frequency bands are

divided into only two sub-bands. See APPENDIX 1 for details. The same diplexer is used both forhigh and low subband, and since the diplexer is a detachable unit it can be changed and turned infield. This simplifies planning and maintenance. ODU transmit and receive frequency can be set toany frequency within the given pass-band range.

4.4.2. RF-Coupler

The additional loss for RF-Coupler is given in Table 4-15. The RF-Coupler is used in protectedconfigurations and single polarized 2+0 systems.

Asymmetrical RF-CouplerSymmetrical RF-

Coupler Main Protection

Nom Max Nom Max Nom MaxTransmission loss [dB]

TX or RX3.4 3.8 1.5 2 6.5 7

Table 4-15 RF-coupler loss

4.4.3. Interface to Antenna feeder system – non integrated antennas

The interface between the ODU-Diplexer (1+0 configuration) or HSB-coupler (HSB configuration) andthe antenna feeder system is rectangular waveguide. The ODU-Diplexer and HSB-coupler flange typesand corresponding waveguides to be used (if remote mount) is shown in Table 4-16. The ODU-Diplexerand HSB-coupler aluminum flanges are protected by chromate coating.

Frequency band

[GHz]7/8 11 13 15 18/23/26 38

Waveguide

(remote mount)

R84 /WR112

R100 /

WR90

R120 /

WR75

R140 /

WR62

R220 /

WR42

R320 /

WR28

CBR84 CBR100 CBR120 CBR140 CBR220 CBR320

ODU-Diplexer andHSB-Coupler

Flange types

Table 4-16 ODU flanges and waveguide


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4.5. IFU-ODU Interface

4.5.1. Cable interface characteristics

The following signals are transmitted via the cable:• Transmit and Receive data signal (including IFU-ODU control communication).• Power to the ODU.

The cable interface has over-voltage and over-current protection.Maximum IFU-ODU cable length supported is 200m. No cable length configuration is needed. Use ofexternal lightening arrestors is optional.

4.5.2. Cable requirements

A double shielded waterproof coaxial cable should be used.Cable requirements:

Characteristic impedance: 50 +/- 3 Ω Maximum DC resistance: 3.75 Ω (sum of inner and outer conductor) Maximum attenuation at 50 MHz 6.4 dB Return Loss < -25 dB Connector: TNC, male

Recommended cables:

Cable, 50ΩΩΩΩ

Cinta CNT-400 (¼″ ) (Andrew)

Cellflex LCF14-50J (¼″ ) (RFS)

Table 4-17 Recommended IFU-ODU cables

4.5.3. Lightening arrestor requirementsOne or two lightening arrestors may be used on the IFU-ODU cable to reduce risk for damage caused bylightening strikes. An arrestor at the ODU should be mounted as close to the ODU as possible and for theIFU at the shelter/cabinet entry point. Installation and grounding should be according to Nerarecommended practice. Lightening arrestor requirements per IFU-ODU connection:

Insertion loss 5-140 MHz: < 0.5dB Return loss 1.75-5 MHz: < -14dB Return loss > 5 MHz: < -25dB Group delay variation @ 2-140MHz: < 100 ns


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5. BASEBAND CHARACTERISTICS

5.1. General

Ethernet traffic (and optional E1-traffic) is mapped into a scalable frame for transport towards the ODU.Ethernet traffic goes through the built-in Ethernet switch (Layer-2 switch) where one port of the switch isconnected to the radio mapper and four FE ports are available at the front of the IFU. The Ethernet trafficcan be mixed with E1 traffic and the Ethernet traffic capacity is equal to the selected link capacity less thecapacity allocated to E1s.

5.2. IP and MPLS packet traffic support

The Link is a layer-2 device and is transparent to layer-3 for user traffic. This means that both IPv4.IPv6 and MPLS packets encapsulated in standard Ethernet packets can be transported over the link.Management traffic is running over IPv4. Traffic priority based on DSCP/TOS (Layer 3) is supported.

5.3. Ethernet characteristics

5.3.1. Ethernet Interfaces

Eth#1, Eth#2 and Eth#3: 10/100Base-TX, IEEE 802.3Eth#4 10/100Base-TX, IEEE 802.3 with modified pin-outConnectors: 4xRJ-45LEDs: One for each of the three ports, Eth#1, Eth#2 and Eth#3.

Eth#4 has no LED on front of the IFU

The Ethernet ports are configurable to:

• Auto-Negotiation or 10/100BASE-TX – half/full duplex

• Flow control for full duplex connections according to IEEE 802.3x. Flow control is available inmaximum throughput mode (QoS disabled)

5.3.2. Throughput

Ethernet throughput is measured according to RFC 2544. Numbers are given for a link with noE1 capacity configured. When E1 is used, Ethernet throughput is reduced with about 2.05Mb/sper E1.

Maximum Ethernet Throughput

802.1D (MAC-switching) mode

64 bytes 1518 bytes

Link Capacity &

RF bandwidth

[Mb/s] [Mb/s]

111 Mbit/s@28MHz 100 100

89 Mbit/s@28MHz 100 8744 Mbit/s@28MHz 55 42

54 Mbit/s@14MHz 70 54

43 Mbit/s@14MHz 55 43

21 Mbit/s@14MHz 26 20

27 Mbit/s@7MHz 34 26

21 Mbit/s@7MHz 26 20

10.5 Mbit/s@7MHz 13 10

ACM@28MHz 55-100 42-100

ACM@14MHz 26-69 20-53

ACM@7MHz 13-34 10-26


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5.3.3. Ethernet Frame Delay & Frame Delay Variation

Frame delay specified below is according to ITU-T Y.1563, Network Section and RFC 1242 store-and-forward definition: "The time interval starting when the last bit of the input frame reaches the input portand ending when the first bit of the output frame is seen on the output port."

Numbers in the table below are given for a link with no queuing-delay and all link capacity allocated toEthernet-traffic.

Delay

64 bytes 1518 bytesDelay variationLink Capacity &

RF bandwidth [ms] [ms] [ms]

111 Mbit/s@28MHz


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EDGE 33

5.3.8. Quality of Service (QoS)

The QoS characteristics of the system will naturally be governed by the queuing and buffering strategiesof the subsystems. To allow for a wide array of applications for this product these strategies are made userselectable.

5.3.8.1. QoS priority scheme

Four traffic/priority queues representing up to four distinct traffic classes are available. Incoming trafficcan be assigned to a traffic class (queue) based on VLAN 802.1p, type of service, or port.

1. VLAN (802.1p user priority)Frame is assigned to traffic class based on VLAN Priority Code Point (PCP) value representedby 8 decimal values (0-7).

2. DSCP/TOS (IPv4/IPv6)Frame is assigned to traffic class based on DSCP/TOS represented by 64 decimal values (0-63).

3. Port (Ethernet input ports)Mapping to traffic class level can be assigned to each port individually (i.e. all incoming framesare mapped to the same traffic class).

4. QoS priority OFF (Maximum throughput)All traffic is mapped to a single traffic class.

5.3.8.2. QoS scheduling mode

The traffic/priority queues can be serviced with either weighted round robin (fair queuing) or strictpriority scheduling (strict queuing).

Strict priority schedulingIn this scheduling mode, the frame chosen for transmission is taken from the highest priority queue that isnot empty. This ensures that all high priority frames (e.g. frames mapped to high priority queues) egressas soon as possible.

Weighted Round Robin (WRR) schedulingWRR scheduling distributes forwarding capacity between the different priority queues to prevent highpriority data streams from completely blocking lower priority streams. Scheduling is done according to aweighted round robin principle, with the set of weights (8, 4, 2, 1) applied to the four priority queues(highest service level/priority queue has the highest weight).

5.3.9. Rapid Spanning Tree

RSTP is supported according to IEEE 802.1D-2004, clause 17. In addition, the system offers Rapid LinkShut-down, where a failure on the radio link layer will immediately trigger spanning tree convergence.RSTP operates on physical topology. When VLANs are in use, some VLANs may be rendered

unconnected due to RSTP switchover.

5.3.10. Maximum Packet Size

The maximum Ethernet frame size is 1632 bytes (not including preamble and start of frame delimiter).

5.3.11. Packet Statistics

RMON statistics is supported and can be accessed via the WEB interface or through the SNMP MIB.


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5.4. E1 characteristics

The IFU has 20xE1 interfaces as standard. 2xE1 is provided on each connector. E1 capacity over the linkis selectable from 0-20 x E1.

5.4.1. E1 Interfaces

Interface parameters according to ITU-T Rec. G.703:

Bit rate: 2.048 Mb/s ± 50 ppmLine code: HDB3

Impedance: 120 Ω balancedMaximum attenuation of input signal at 1.024 MHz: 6 dBConnector type: RJ-45Jitter and wander specifications are according to ITU-T Rec. G.823

5.4.2. E1 priority

A priority scheme is available for E1-traffic to allow scaling of E1 capacity when the link is running withlower capacity due to adaptive modulation. Each enabled E1 can be allocated priority from high to low.High priority E1s will always be transmitted. Lowest priority E1s will be skipped when switching onemodulation level down and second lowest priority E1s will be skipped when switching anothermodulation level.

Ethernet traffic is always using remaining link capacityEthernet traffic priority (QoS) is independent of E1 traffic priority

5.4.3. E1 delay

E1 delay through one hop (from E1-interface on site A to E1-interface on site B, excluding propagationdelay): < 0.3 ms

5.5. EBUS characteristics

Two EBUS interfaces are prepared for easy interconnection of E1s and control signals between IFUs. Inaddition the EBUS#1 connector provides access to Ethernet port#4.E1s on EBUS#1 and EBUS#2 are enabled by the PXC license.

Max cable length: 10m Cable: STP Cat5 (or above) crossover


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5.6. External Alarm Input characteristics

External switch Alarm Interface IFURJ45 Connector

Pin 1

Pin 2 (gnd)

Four independent alarm inputs are provided. Active high or low is configurable for all 4 inputs

independently. When the external signal is “open”, the voltage at pin 1 will not exceed -24Vdc.

Note that the voltage is not an isolated voltage. It is drawn from -48V supply in the IFU.

Connector: 1xRJ-45. Four two-pin interfacesInterface: Current loop. Not galvanic isolatedState on: > 1.1 mA, < 1.2 k State off: < 0.08 mA, > 170 k Transient protection: Amplitude: < 85 VTransient protection: Duration: < 10 ms, non-repetitive


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6. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICSThe powerful integrated supervisory system of Evolution Series provides user-access to the NEs in a mostdynamic manner. The management function in the NE can be accessed by the use of a web-browser or by

an SNMP manager such as Nera’s EM/NMS system, NetMaster.

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The IFU and ODU element management software performs the following management tasks:

Fault management: Collecting and logging of alarms and analogue measurements from thelocal terminal.

Performance management: Collecting and logging quality measurements according to standards(G.784 and Ethernet RMON)

Configuration management: Configuration of the terminal (including configuration up/download) andSoftware download

Security management: Configuration of user id/password and the users privileges in the NE.Includes logging in NE of user actions.

6.1. The built-in supervision system

The built-in Graphical User Interface (GUI) is accessed through an IP-connection either remotely, locallyor both. With a computer in the same subnet as the IP-address of the IFU, you can access and configurethe terminal (including the IP-address).

Factory default IP-address: 10.0.0.10Factory default management port: ETH1For alternative configuration of the Ethernet ports, please see section 5.3.6.

Default communication protocol between the IFU and the web-browser is http. Encryptedcommunication using https is available as option.

6.1.1. Telnet

A telnet session can be opened for configuration and monitoring of a limited subset of theparameters available through the GUI (see 6.1).

The following telnet commands are supported:o ipconfig: To set element IP-address, subnet-mask and default gatewayo iprange: To view the IP addresses that can access the network element and to


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activate/deactivate IP range limitationso iprangeset: To set the range of IP addresses that can access the network elemento reset: Reset CPU (configuration settings are not affected)

6.1.2. Event log stored in NEEvolution Series NEs can log events and faults in the local fault log. The log size is 10.000 events. Thelog can be set to wrap-around or halt when it is full. Alarm logging can be masked based on severitylevel. An operator (with administrator privileges) can also clear the log.

6.1.3. Monitoring of traffic performance

Signal level and transmission performance data are monitored continuously by the built-in supervisionfunction. G.826 performance data is available for E1. RMON statistics data are available forEthernet/VLAN traffic.

6.1.3.1. Link Performance

Link performance is monitored based on information from the error correction decoder. Linkperformance monitoring is independent of type of traffic.

6.1.3.2. Signal Level monitoring

The following parameters are monitored:

• RF output level• RF input Level

• Voltages (Primary and Secondary)

6.1.3.3. Ethernet performance

Ethernet packet RMON statistics are provided per port. Packet counters (resettable) are available for

events shown in the table below.

Name In Out

DropEvents 0 0

Octets 7592 8653Pkts 40 42

BroadcastPkts 1 0

MulticastPkts 0 0PausePkts 0 0

CRCAlignErrors 0 0UndersizePkts 0 0

OversizePkts 0 0Fragments 0 0

Jabbers 0 0

Collisions 0 0

Table 6-1 RMON packet counters

6.1.3.4. E1 performance

E1 performance is estimated based on measuring parity errors on individual E1s. G.826 performance forthe E1 bundle is then calculated and stored in the element:

• Error Seconds (ES)

• Severely Error Second (SES)

• Background Block Error (BBE)• Unavailable state (UAS)

• Cumulative error counters.


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15-min, 24-hour and 1-month records are calculated. The log contains the current and last month, currentand last 24-hour, and current and sixteen last 15-min records. Threshold values can be defined for each ofthe performance records and a performance alarm will be raised if the threshold is exceeded for any of the

periods.

6.1.4. Security management

The user must have a username and password defined in the NE in order to log in. Each user name isdefined with access privileges. Four levels are defined;

User level: Privileges:Passive Users Passive users are only able to monitor data. They are not able to change any

configuration.Active Users Same as Passive. In addition active users are able to reset counters.Master Users Master users have access to all commands, except those related to user account

administration and Configuration/SW download.Admin Users Admin users have access to all commands. The Admin user is the administrator and is

responsible for adding, deleting and managing user accounts and privileges. In additionthe admin user is responsible for Configuration/SW download.

6.1.4.1. Security event logging

The NE can log events related to security. The log size is 1000 events. When it is full it will wrap-around.The operator (with administrator privileges) can also clear the log.

6.1.5. SNMP

An embedded SNMP agent is provided and supports the following management functions:

• Basic monitoring of network and interface parameters

• Fault ManagementSupports enumeration of possible alarms, current alarm table and historic alarms (log).

• Analogue measurementsReceived signal level.

• Performance measurements

6.1.5.1. SNMP protocols

SNMPv2c and SNMPv3 are supported and are configurable from the GUI.

6.1.5.2. SNMP Traps

Each element can be configured to send traps to SNMP managers (trap servers). Up to three trap-servers

can be configured for each element.

6.2. Connection to Nera NetMaster

NetMaster is the Nera Element/Sub-network manager that is specialized to monitor and control a largenetwork of Nera radio elements. NetMaster is utilizing the SNMP-mib in the elements as well as thebuilt-in element web-pages to retrieve relevant information from the network elements.


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7. REFERENCES

Document code: Title/Description:

ETSI EN 301 489-4 V1.4.1

Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Electro MagneticCompatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 4: Specificconditions for fixed radio links and ancillary equipment and services. For grade Bequipment

ETSI EN 300 019-1-1 V2.1.4 Classification of environmental conditions; Storage. Class 1.2, weather protected

ETSI EN 300 019-1-2 V2.1.4Classification of environmental conditions; Transportation. Class 2.3, publictransportation

ETSI EN 300 019-1-3 V2.1.2Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at weather protectedlocations. Class 3.2, partly temperature controlled locations

ETSI EN 300 019-1-4 V2.1.2Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at non-weather protectedlocations

ETSI EN 300 132-2 V2.1.2Equipment Engineering (EE); Power supply interface at the input to telecommunicationequipment; Part 1: Interface operated by Direct Current (DC)

ETSI EN 302 217-1 V1.1.3 Overview and system-independent common characteristics

ETSI EN 302 217-2-1 V1.2.1 System-dependent requirements for digital systems operating in frequency bands wherefrequency co-ordination is applied

ETSI EN 302 217-2-2 V1.2.3Harmonized EN covering essential requirements of Article 3.2 of R&TTE Directive fordigital systems operating in frequency bands where frequency co-ordination is applied

CENELEC EN 60950: 2006 Safety of information technology equipment

CENELEC EN 60215: 1989 Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment

ITU-R Rec. F.746-7 (2003) Radio-frequency channel arrangements for fixed service systems

ITU-R Rec. F.383-7 (2001)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity radio-relay systems operatingin the lower 6 GHz band

ITU-R Rec. F.384-8 (2004-01)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity analogue ordigital radio-relay systems operating in the upper 6 GHz band

ITU-R Rec. F.385-8 (2005)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 7 GHzband

ITU-R Rec. F.386-6 (1999-02)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity analogue ordigital radio-relay systems operating in the 8 GHz band

ITU-R Rec. F.387-9 (2002-05)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 11 GHzband

ITU-R Rec. F.497-6 (1999)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 13 GHzfrequency band


ITU-R Rec. F.595-8 (2003-02)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 18 GHzband


ITU-R Rec. F.748-4 (2001)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems operating in the 25, 26,and 28 GHz bands


ITU-T Rec. G.703 (11/2001) Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces

ITU-T Rec. G.823 (03/2000)The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 2048kbit/s hierarchy

ITU-T Rec. G.826 (02/1999)Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate digitalpaths at or above the primary rate

ITU-T Rec. G.921 (11/1988) Digital Sections based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy.

ITU-T Y.1563 (draft so far) Ethernet Frame Transfer and Availability Performance

CEPT/ERC Rec. 74-01 E (2002-10) Spurious Emissions

CEPT/ERC Rec 14-01 E (1996-08)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity analogue and digital radio-relay systems operating in the band 5925 MHz – 6425 MHz

CEPT/ERC Rec 14-02 E (1996-08)Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity digital radio-relay systems operating in the band 6425 MHz – 7125 MHz

CEPT/ECC Rec 02-06 (2002-08) Preferred channel arrangement for digital fixed service systems operating in thefrequency range 7125-8500 MHz

CEPT/ERC Rec. 12-06 E (1996-12)Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systemsoperating in the band 10.7 – 11.7 GHz


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CEPT /ERC/REC 12-02 (1996-08)Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for analogue and digital terrestrialfixed systems operating in the band 12.75 GHz to 13.25 GHz

CEPT/ERC/REC 12-07 E (1996-08)Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systemsoperating in the bands 14.5 - 14.62 GHz paired with 15.23 - 15.35 GHz

CEPT/ERC/REC 12-03 (1996-08)Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems

operating in the band 17.7 GHz to 19.7 GHzCEPT T/R 13-02 (1994-02) Preferred channel arrangements for fixed services in the range 22.0-29.5 GHz

IEC 297-2Dimensions of mechanical structures of the 486.6mm (19in) series: Cabinet and pitchesof the rack structures”.

IEC 297-3Dimensions of mechanical structures of the 486.6mm (19in) series: Sub-rack andassociated plug in units”.

IEC 60169-16, Ed. 1.0Radio-frequency connectors. Part 16: R.F. coaxial connectors with inner diameter ofouter conductor 7 mm (0.276 in) with screw coupling - Characteristic impedance 50ohms (75 ohms)

IEC 60

evolution series edge technical description rev c - a4

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