evolution technical solutions

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WELCOMEWELCOME

TOTO

BASIC INSTALLATION AND BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIRREPAIR

# 078106# 078106

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The course includes:• Lecture • Student Handbook• Overheads• Group Discussions• Worksheets

BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIR# 078106

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Course Objective:

• To introduce students to Basic Installation and Repair issues

This is a basic level course

Duration: 9 days

Audience: New I&R personnel

BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIR# 078106

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BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIR

IDENTIFY OUTSIDE PLANT FACILITIES & COMPONENTS

IDENTIFY SERVICE ORDER RELATED CONTENT

LINE AND STATION TRANSFERS (DROP CUTS)

INSTALL A SINGLE LINE RESIDENCE SERVICE

MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING

BASIC FAULT LOCATING

TOPICS

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UNIT 1BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIR





MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


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INTRODUCTION

In this unit we will discuss the following subjects:

• Expectations• Outside Cross Connection Facilities• Cable/Wire• Cable Pair Color Code • Station Protection• Wire Stripping and Tiedown

The information in this unit will help you to understand the different hardware and cable worked on by I&R in Outside Plant.

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EXPECTATIONS

• Customer

• Installer

• Company.

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CUSTOMER

Customers' expectations include:

• They are advised of arrival and departure times

• Their premises will be secure while the installer is there and after the installer leaves; you are expected to show company ID when required

• Disruption will be minimal

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CUSTOMER

• The installer is professional and capable of doing the job

• The job is done neatly

• The job is completed and left in working order

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CUSTOMER

• Their privacy is not invaded

• The installer instructs them on how to use TELUS products and services

• They will be informed of the job progress

• The installer is courteous, caring, and helpful

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EXPECTATIONS

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INSTALLER

Some of your expectations include:

• You will be given the proper tools to perform the job right the first time

• Defective tools/sets can be replaced:- For defective tools see your

supervisor

• The appropriate training/hands on time will be given to perform the job

• Fair compensation will be awarded for the services you provide.

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EXPECTATIONS

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EXPECTATIONS

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COMPANY

The following are some points to keep in mind:

• For fair compensation, the company will receive fair services

• Complete a full work day, starting on time in keeping with job requirements

• There will be no conflicts of service

• A professional image and neat appearance will be maintained

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COMPANY

• There is cooperation in reaching company goals

• There must be full cooperation with coworkers, other departments, and any on-site contractors

• Safe work practices are followed; wear protective equipment when required

• Company assets are respected and cared for

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COMPANY

• Endorse and promote products and services offered by TELUS

• You do not break the trust and confidence of TELUS' integrity held by the public

• Use your ingenuity and flexibility in order to overcome obstacles and meet local conditions.

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OUTSIDE CROSS CONNECT FACILITIES

The following topics will be discussed:

• OP Overview

• Outside Cross Connect Components

• Joint Usage

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OUTSIDE PLANT

* MDF = Main Distribution Frame * IDF = Intermediate Distribution Frame

Manhole

Vault

Service Box/ Manhole

TELUS CO

Protectors

*MDF *IDF

Switch

Cross Connect Boxes

Subscriber Aerial Plant

Feeder Cable

Distribution Cable

SAC/JWIBoxes

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OUTSIDE PLANT COMPONENTS

Aerial:• CO• Feeder Pairs• SAC (Service Area Connector)• JWI (Jumper Wire Interface)• Distribution Pairs• RA• Network Service Wire (drop)• MIT/BET/DT/EPHT/Cross Connect

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Underground:

• CO• Feeder Pairs• SAC/JWI• Distribution Pairs• Pedestal/Splice Box• Network Service Wire (drop)• MIT/BET/DT/EPHT/Cross Connects

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Subscriber:

• Protector• Risers/Cross Connect• Station Wire (I/W)• Jack• Telephone• Demarcation Points

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OUTSIDE CROSS CONNECT COMPONENTS

There are six standard components:• SAC/JWI

• Cross Connect (X Connect or XConn)

• RA/RAP (Ready Access Point)

• Pedestal/RAP

• Service Box

• BET (Building Entrance Terminal) /MIT (Metal Inside Terminal)

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SAC BOX

ADSL

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CROSS CONNECT

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RA

Drop Wires

Terminal #

Distribution Cable

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RA - OPEN

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SLIC

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SLIC - OPEN

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TYPE 145B TERMINAL BLOCK

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IDC TERMINAL BLOCK

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PEDESTAL

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SERVICE BOX

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SERVICE BOX

Klik-It Closures in Service Vault

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ZEBRA ENCLOSURE BRACKET AND MOUNTING BAR

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25/50-100 PAIR CIRCA PROTECTOR

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SURGE ST691 – M25

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JOINT USAGE

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CLASSES OF CABLE

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COPPER CABLE

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COPPER CABLE

CELFIL

Alpeth

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OP CABLE TYPES

CABLE NAME CABLE TYPE RANGE OF SIZES

CELFIL

(Current TELUS Standard)

Grease filled

Fully color coded, binder groups and pairs

6 - 3600 Pair

ALPETH (ALP) Air Core


6 - 3600 Pair

CELSEAL (CEL) Grease filled


6 - 3600 Pair

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CELFIL CABLE

Polyethylene Jacket

Coated Aluminum

Plastic Core Wrap

Filled Cable Core

Conductors

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ALPETH CABLE

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CELSEAL CABLE

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CABLE SIZES2550

100200300400600900

120015001800210024002700300033003600

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CABLE GAUGES

192224

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PAIR COLOR CODE

COLOR PAIR NUMBER

TIP RING

1 2 3 4 5

White White White White White

Blue

Orange Green Brown Slate

6 7 8 9

10

Red Red Red Red Red

Blue


11 12 13 14 15

Black Black Black Black Black

Blue


16 17 18 19 20

Yellow Yellow Yellow Yellow Yellow

Blue


21 22 23 24 25

Violet Violet Violet Violet Violet

Blue


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BLue will always be pair 1 or 6Orange will always be pair 2 or 7Green will always be pair 3 or 8BRown will always be pair 4 or 9Slate will always be pair 5 or 0

RING SIDE COLOUR RULES

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RING SIDE COLOUR RULES

Pair 187 will be Orange on the RING sidePair 310 will be Slate on the RING sidePair 13 will be Green on the RING side

Example:

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BINDER GROUPS

Binder Groups(Bundles of 25 pair)

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BINDER GROUP COLOUR CODEBINDER GROUP

PAIRS BINDER COLOURS

1234

1-2526-5051-75

76-100

BL-WO-WG-W

BR-W

5678

101-125126-150151-175176-200

S-WBL-RO-RG-R

9101112

201-225226-250251-275276-300

BR-RS-R

BL-BKO-BK

13141516

301-325326-350351-375376-400

G-BKBR-BKS-BKBL-Y

17181920

401-425426-450451-475476-500

O-YG-Y

BR-YS-Y

21222324

501-525526-550551-575576-600

BL-VO-VG-V

BR-V

BINDER GROUP

PAIRS BINDER COLOURS

25262728

601-625625-650651-675676-700

R-BL-WR-O-WR-G-W

R-BR-W

29303132

701-725726-750751-775776-800

R-S-WR-BL-RR-O-RR-G-R

33343536

801-825826-850851-875876-900

R-BR-RR-S-R

R-BL-BKR-O-BK

37383940

901-925926-950951-975

976-1000

R-G-BKR-BR-BKR-S-BKR-BL-Y

41424344

1001-10251026-10501051-10751076-1100

R-O-YR-G-Y

R-BR-YR-S-Y

45464748

1101-11251126-11501151-11751176-1200

R-BL-VR-O-VR-G-V

R-BR-V

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SAC LAYOUT

CO

C 15Pair 1-2000

200XC 15, 801-1000

1000XC 15, 1001-2000

SAC1131

500XC 15, 1501-2000

100XC 1131, 1-100

500XC 15, 1001-1500

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ADVANTAGES OF SAC• Reinforce and relieve OP facilities• Increase feeder cable fills• Pre-assignment• Dedication• Reduce housekeeping problems• Reduce engineering and labour• Provide new service• Simpler to monitor cable fills• Minimize bridge tap• Eliminate cable transfers• Reduce high work content• Simplify record keeping• OP more manageable• Service on demand.

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TM59

Commonly called figure 8, is placed only on private property underneath primary power or placed into small business and multi-tenant buildings.

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JUMPER WIRE

The purpose of jumper wire is to quickly connect or isolate service at the SAC/JWI, cross connect box, BET/MIT box or telephone room.

The standard size is 24 AWG and various colors are used, depending on the application.

The standard for single line TELUS circuits is yellow/blue, blue/yellow.

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INSIDE WIRE

Inside Wire (I/W), sometimes called "style" or "station wire", completes the telephone service path to the telephone jack from the protector. It is not meant to withstand outside elements and it is usually pre-wired into a house while the house is under construction.

The four pair color code is white/blue, white/orange, white/green and white/brown.

Inside wire is not UV resistant. Therefore, it should not be placed on the outside of a house.

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GROUND WIREGround wire is one of the most important wires placed in a building. If high voltage accidentally ends up on a cable pair it will be automatically channeled to the Hydro ground and in turn the earth via the ground wire.

For a single family dwelling, the ground wire attaches to the Hydro Multi-Grounded Neutral (MGN) at one end, and a component called a protector at the other end which mounts on the side of a house.

For multi-tenant buildings, the ground is attached in much the same way, but is located in a telephone room and is of a larger gauge.

#6 AWG is used for grounding.

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STATION PROTECTION

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STATION PROTECTION TOPICS

• Purpose• Fuseless Protection• Fused Protection• Special Applications.

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PURPOSE

Station protection reduces the possibility of damage to telephone equipment/plant and customer premises and assures the safety of telephone users and employees.

Protection is designed to provide a path to ground if a voltage over the rating occurs; it will bleed off excess current to ground

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PROTECTION TERMINATION DEVICE (PTD)

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356-IDC PROTECTION/DEMARCATION UNIT

Drop Wire

Self Test Jack

Inside Wire

Ground Lug

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OLD STYLE 356-L SOLID STATE PROTECTION UNIT & 356-IDC

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NETWORK INTERFACE BOX (NIB)

Aerial conduit couplers for 1”PVC or 2” rigid steel mast

Ground lug

Ground bar for PTD provided by TELUS or

Ground bar for 1356 protector provided by TELUS

Back knockouts for 1” conduit or elliptical knockout to attach 1” or ¾” STB / LB

Underground conduit couplers c/w fastening screw for ¾”, 1’ or 2” PVC

Ground stud

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NETWORK INTERFACE BOX (NIB)

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NIB LID (NEW SINGLE FAMILY HOMES)

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NIB BOX

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FUSED PROTECTION

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AERIAL DROP WIRE STRIPPING

Do not nick the wire; you do not want to leave ”shiners". Be thorough in your visual inspection.

The two standard tools are:

• 007 stripper• Blue drop wire stripper.

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ZEBRA WIRE SERVICE ENCLOSURE

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KLIK-IT CLOSURE

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BINDING POST 145B BLOCK

IDC CONNECTING BLOCK BLOCK

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HEAT SHRINK ENCLOSURE

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INSIDE WIRING LAYOUT TOPICS

• Single Family Dwellings

• Multi-Tenant Buildings

• Commercial Buildings.

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SINGLE FAMILY DWELLINGS

A single family dwelling can house a business or can be a private residence. It is normally a building which houses a single family (including a basement suite).

Duplexes, because of their size, are sometimes considered a single family dwelling.

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MULTI-TENANT BUILDINGS

Multi-tenant buildings include apartments (low-rises and high-rises), townhouses and condominiums.

Each tenant location is wired to a central point.

The central point can be a shared electrical room located anywhere in the building.

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COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

Commercial buildings are similar to multi-tenant buildings; however, the main tenants are businesses.

They may require a large number of cable pairs or may even have their own switchboard.

Shopping malls or office towers are good examples.

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BASIC HAND TOOLS • Needle Nose Pliers• Side Cutters• BIX Punchdown Tool• BIX Test Clip• Fish Tape - Metal 100' c/w Case• Hammer - Rounding 2-1/2 lb.• Impact Tool - c/w Blades (66, 110)• Light - 6 Volt Yellow Radar-Lite• Meter - Analogue Triplet 310 c/w Case• Pliers - Pump (C-LOK) 10"• Screwdriver - Phillips 3"• Screwdriver - Phillips 6"• Screwdriver - Robertson #1 Green (7-1/2")• Screwdriver - Robertson #2 Red (10")• Screwdriver - Robertson #2 Small• Screwdriver - Robertson Yellow• Screwdriver - Security Screw (Hex)• Staple Gun - T-25• Stationman Probe - Progressive Probe• Stripper - Wire 12-26 GA Yellow Handled Klien• Test Tone Generator• Tool Belt• Wrench - Can (Double Ended)• Wrench - Crescent 6"

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SPECIALTY TOOLS

Hand Held Test Telephone (Butt-in)

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HAND HELD TEST SET (BUTT-IN)

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TONING

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MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


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TOPICSThe topics are:

• Planning to Install

• Aerial Drop Attachment

• Drop Attachment at Building

• Attach and Rout Drop

• Terminal Wiring

• Protector Installation

• Wire Stripping and Tie Down

• Install the Outside Portion of a Single Line Residential Service.

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PLANNING TO INSTALL

• Initial Planning

• Customer Access

• Implementation

The topics are:

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CUSTOMER ACCESS

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CUSTOMER NOT AT HOME

• Never enter the premises alone

• Do not use force to gain access

• Follow the instructions on the order

• Try the CBR number

• If entry is not available, leave a No Access Card (form P114) in the letter slot or under the door

• Your supervisor will give you a special number to write on your card for customers to call

• Enter no access information on Remarks Screen of the Laptop Computer (LPC) for AWAS.

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CUSTOMER AT HOME

• Identify yourself

• Greet the customer courteously

• Explain the purpose of your visit

• Verify the order with the customer

• Have the customer show the location of the jack(s)

• Check the premises for routing

• Advise the customer of your work plan

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IMPLEMENTATION

• Implementation is like initial planning except that it is done on the customer's premises and focuses on the specific job at hand.

• Establish the existence of dial tone early.• Plan your job to flow from one work area to another.• Advise the customer if you have to leave

temporarily and establish when you will return• If property needs to be moved, consider the time,

size, weight and cost of the item.• Do not use furniture as a makeshift ladder or

workbench.• Acting professionally and responsibly includes

organizing your work, practicing safety and respecting customer property.

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AERIAL DROP ATTACHMENT

The topics are:

• Joint Use Poles

• Aerial Attachment

• Drop Routing.

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KS ALERT

The KS series unit is a general-purpose high voltage power supply module (KS is the manufacturer’s designation).

KS is a method of high voltage breakdown of a resistive fault on a cable pair in order to locate a problem.

A 630-volt DC blast is sent across the pair. Only cable Maintenance does this.

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KS ALERT

You have to be aware when a KS Alert is issued that there will be hazardous voltages on some cable pairs.

Warning: The KS insulation breakdown unit can cause serious damage, harm or death to:

The public Fellow craftsperson’s Company equipment and property.

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KS ALERT PROCEDURE

DMC Process to Notify the Field:

DMC receives notification from the Cable Analyzers indicating:

o Date (usually day of) o Location o Affected cable counts.

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KS ALERT PROCEDURE

DMC immediately identifies a communication prime to interface with the

Cable Analyzer Team (usually the LML RDT Graphics for the specific area).

Four areas are notified immediately:

o I&R Graphics o Bus Graphics o T1/T3 o Dispatch, and Ladder Truck/ Underground Desk).

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KS ALERT PROCEDURE

These specific desks are tasked with notification of all field resources in the immediate vicinity.

We cannot issue a "GO" to the Cable Analyzers until we have

communication with ALL field resources deployed to that specific area.

At the same time, an AWAS memo is issued Lower Mainland wide as an information update in case of movement by our Craft Techs into an area affected by a KS Alert.

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SUMMARY

It is important to plan your installation prior to leaving for a job, when you arrive at the customer's premises and when you are actually doing the job to help save time and costs.

Planning is the "blueprint" for success!

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AERIAL DROP ATTACHMENT

Aerial attachments include many safety and service related concerns. It is impossible to predict which ones you will need to know for each service order you install. This requires you to be familiar with all options. The topics are:

Joint Use Poles Aerial Attachment Drop Routing.

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FORM P290

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FIELD SIDE ATTACHMENT

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ROAD SIDE ATTACHMENT

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POLE ATTACHMENT

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POLE ATTACHMENT

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POLE ATTACHMENT

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USING DRIVE HOOKS

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USING DRIVE HOOKS

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DROP ROUTING

Five things need to be considered when placing network service wire:

• Ground clearance• Power separation• Pole to pole spans• RA to premises spans• Stringing sag.

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GROUND CLEARANCE

Aerial trespass over private property must be avoided.

Downhill slopes may cause the customer to provide a clearance pole or mast.

Do not sacrifice clearances when running in the service.

Specific clearances for airports, railway crossings, trolley wires and swimming pools are in TOPPS bulletin # 4.1.1.1.8.

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POWER SEPARATION

Clearances are judgment calls, and are therefore only approximations.

Aerial crossings under power conductors should be as close to right angles as possible.

Plant is never to be placed above power conductors.

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POWER SEPARATION

It is not permissible to place drop wire directly under 14.4 KV (primary); it must be placed below a messenger. Refer to TOPPS bulletin # 10.7.2.1.

If the span under primary is on private property, TM59 can be placed (refer to TOPPS bulletin # 10.7.2.1).

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POWER SEPARATION

Cable clearances are measured from the lowest power conductor at maximum sag and a straight line between telephone supports (refer to TOPPS bulletin # 4.1.1.1.8).

It is recommended that you follow the hydro sag and keep at lease 0.6 m (2') separation from power at the pole and 0.3 m (1') at the premises, while maintaining ground clearances.

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POLE TO POLE SPANS

"Passups" can be placed temporarily; call Facilities and have a new RA terminal installed.

Where no cable, messenger or hydro exists, pole to pole spans of drop wire must not exceed 60 m (200').

Pole to pole spans of drop wire on private property must not exceed 50 m (164').

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RA TO PREMISES SPANSUse of existing drop wire is acceptable. PTD wire cannot be spliced. Use a drop wire guard or reroute the drop if trees are in the way. Trimming trees on private property should be limited. The owner is responsible for removing any limbs and large branches.

New drop wire span length between pole and building must not exceed 45 m (148'). 100 m (328') of drop wire is provided to the customer with the installation. Anything more and the customer is to be billed per Construction on private property costs (refer to TOPPS bulletin # 4.6.2.1.2).

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STRINGING SAG

If a drop already exists, hang the new drop with the same amount of sag.

Sagging will depend on the time of year; the warmer the weather the more the drop will sag.

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DROP ATTACHMENT AT BUILDING

The topics covered are:

• Aerial Building Contact

• Siding

• Underground

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AERIAL BUILDING CONTACT

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120


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HardwareAttachment to wood-sided buildings is done with a house hook. Attachment to a hydro or telephone mast is done with a mast clamp.

AttachmentFactors affecting the house contact are telephone location, protector location, wire runs, existing drop wire and hydro location.

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Avoid the following:

• Blocking a view from a window• Excessive heights (a straight vertical run to

the protector height may be made)• Attachments to roofs, sheet metal, neon

signs, chimneys or materials which require frequent repair

• Locating the drop where it might be hit by falling ice or snow.

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A small amount of slack, which acts as a water drip loop, of 75-100 mm (3-4") should be left and the drop wire secured to the building with a standoff.

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SIDING

Wood, aluminum, vinyl, stucco, brick and stone are all examples of material used for house siding.

The difficulty in attaching to some material has led to today's standard request for conduit to be placed when the house is being built.

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SIDINGGeneral Installation

Avoid running down the front of a building

Avoid running through ventilators, window/ door frames or attics.

Do not run the drop in front of doors, windows, signs, fire escapes or stairways.

All horizontal runs should be out of the public's reach, if possible.

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SIDINGStandard horizontal attachment is approximately 30 cm (1').

Use approximately 10 cm (4") bends when changing wire direction.

The last attachment should be located below and as close to the protector housing as possible.

Provide a 75-100 mm (3-4") drip loop before entering the protector housing.

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SIDING

It is impossible to put an additional TM with existing TMs.

If there are no spare pairs in the existing TM, the owner may have to provide a conduit to the property line.

Sometimes a pull string can be used to pull in a new TM.

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ATTACHMENT

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SIDING

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ATTACH AND ROUTE DROP PROCEDURE

• Step 1 – Attach at the Building

• Place ladder

• Place house hook or mast clamp

• Place deadend

• Attach drop at deadend

• Attach drop to sliding along to protector

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ATTACH AND ROUTE DROP PROCEDURE

Step 2 – Attach at Messenger

• Climb pole or use ladder

• Place span clamp or use existing hardware

• Attach drop to deadend and sag wire

• Route the drop into the RA

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READY ACCESS TERMINAL

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SLIC

3M SLIC Open

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TERMINAL WIRING

The topics are:

• RA• SLIC• Pedestal• Service Box

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PEDESTAL

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SERVICE BOX

Zebra Enclosure

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SERVICE BOX

The new standard for CAT 5E type TM93 is the splicer will leave a coil in the service box long enough to reach the house. This eliminates the Zebra enclosure. DO NOT CUT THIS COIL IN THE SERVICE BOX.

Note:

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RUNNING JUMPERS

SAC Box Tool(Impact Insertion)

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SAME SIDE/FRONT-TO-BACK JUMPERING

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RUNNING JUMPERS TO LOWER MODULAR HARDWARE BLOCKS

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PLACING JUMPERS

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PLACING JUMPERS

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REMOVE JUMPER WIRE

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PROTECTOR INSTALLATION

The topics are:

• Application

• Residential

• Multi-tenant/Commercial

• Future

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PROTECTOR INSTALLATION - RESIDENTIAL

Requirements

Replace an existing protector with a NIB box and a protector module(s).

The NID box is the standard interface between the network service wire and the customer premises wiring.

On new homes, the NIB is mounted to a metal distribution box that is supplied and installed by the customer/contractor.

Use # 6 AWG for all protectors. C-Lok connects to ground.

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PROTECTOR INSTALLATION - RESIDENTIAL

Wiring Layout

With existing structures, the wires will have to be brought into the NIB box and terminated there via MARR connectors.

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ST 356-IDC PROTECTION/DEMARCATION UNIT

Ground Lug

Drop Wire Self Test Jack Inside Wire

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ST 356-IDC PROTECTION/DEMARCATION UNIT

Notes: When using CAT5e wire, follow the CAT5e Handling Precautions. Do not strip the wire before inserting into IDC’s. Follow the MiniRocker Connector Termination Procedures Ensure the placement of the ground wire does not interfere with the Test

Jack The Inside Wire is disconnected from the circuit when a telephone set is

plugged in

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MINI ROCKER CONNECTOR PROCEDURE

Open contact actuator by simply pulling back on “Baseball caps” with thumb or finger. Do not over open. (Figure 1)

Insert wire pair into color coded ports. (Figure 2)

Visually inspect for full wire insertion through the transparent body. (Figure 2A)

Close firmly. Hear, feel, snap and lock (Figure 3). Repeat for each connection. Note: Make sure that all contact actuators are left in the “down” or locked position.

150


Open contact actuator to fully open position by simply pulling back on “baseball caps” with thumb or finger. Do not over open. (Figure 4) Remove wire by pulling it out fully.

If existing wire is to be re-used, cut off at least ¼” (6mm) before re-termination (Figure 5). Repeat termination procedure above.

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To Test: Insert test clip into test ports on face of MiniRocker connector. Fully insert test clip to a full stop.

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To Test the CO/Input Side Only: Open contact actuator with test clip inserted

Remove the test clip: Close contact actuator firmly. Hear, feel, snap and lock.

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MULTI TENANT COMMERCIAL

154

MULTI TENANT COMMERCIAL

Protector Stub

Feeder Cable

Ground TELUS Demarc Customer Demarc

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DROP WIRE COLOR CODES

RING COLORS TIP COLORS

BLUE ORANGE GREEN BROWN SLATE

WHITE 1 DROP PAIR 1

2 3 4 5

RED 6 7 DROP PAIR 2

8 9 10

BLACK 11 12 13 DROP PAIR 3

14 15

YELLOW 16 17 18 19 DROP PAIR 4

20

VIOLET 21 22 23 24 25

156

AERIAL DROP INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

Step 1 – Interpret Service Order

Focus on:

• Type of order

• Class of service

• Service and equipment section

• Remarks

• Facilities

Initial Planning:

157


Step 2 – Gather Materials and Equipment

• Stock the truck with the necessary material and equipment

Step 3 – Drive to the Customer's Premises

• Select an appropriate route. You may verify/connect jumpers in SAC

158


Step 4 – Analyze Situation

When driving up to the address, eyeball the drop routing for any obstructions, routing, condition, etc. Note existing protector location.

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Implementation:

Step 5

Pull out drop wire and attach it to the building

Step 6 – Attach Protector and Terminate Drop

Install the NID box and protection of the distribution box. Terminate the drop, using mast for drop attachment.

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Step 7 – Route Drop and Attach at Messenger and Terminate in RA

• Climb pole

• Sag drop

• Route into RA

• Terminate

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TYPICAL LAYOUT IN A SERVICE BOX

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NIB – TM93 – 356 IDC (BURIED/UNDERGROUND)

Bonded to multiground neutral

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NIB – AERIAL 4X – 356 IDC

164

NIB – HYBRID DROP – 356 IDC

165

INSTALL THE INSIDE PORTION OF A SINGLE LINE RESIDENCE SERVICE

The topics are:

• Inside Wiring Installation

• Fishing

• Wire Stripping and Tie Down

• BIX Termination

• Special Installation Applications

• Install the Inside Portion of a Single Line Residential Service

166

INSIDE WIRING INSTALLATION

Inside wiring installation challenges your skill and creativity.

Care must be exercised in routing the wire, as there is always potential for customer property damage.

In this subject we will cover guidelines for:• Routing/Placement• Terminations• Drilling Holes.

167

ROUTING/PLACEMENT

There are several company and building industry standards and guidelines in place to help make your job easier.

Do not compromise the standards just to satisfy customer or contractor demands.

This, of course, must be tempered with the customer's requirements.

168

INSIDE WIRE PRACTICESInside wire sheathing is not UV (ultraviolet) protected.

The drop wire is to be used on the outside of a premise.

Care must be taken when stapling inside wire as a nicked cable will reduce normal life.Inside wire is not to be fastened to sprinkler systems or gas pipes.

Do not place inside wire through electrical holes; they must have at least a 5 cm (2") separation.

169

INSIDE WIRE PRACTICES

To avoid interference from fluorescent lights, care must be taken that the wire is not placed too close; place wire at least 30 cm (12") away from a 20 watt fixture and 60 cm (24”) from a 40 watt unit.

Hiding the wire should be done where possible and as economically as possible. Wire must not be placed under carpets.

170

MULTI-TENANT/COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS

In all buildings only 6 m (20') of inside wire can be exposed in a return air Plenum or fire rated room.

Exposed cable in buildings not to exceed 3 m in length.

Zap strap wire to ceiling hangers or have the customer provide a route (conduit).

Conduit is required from the electrical room or closet to each suite for multi-tenant buildings.

All riser cable must be FT4 fire rated except in the City of Vancouver it must be FT6.

FT6 rating is to be used in return air plenums.

171

TERMINATIONS

The termination point marks the end of the service path.

This is where customer equipment is plugged in if the customer equipment is owned by the customer; the jack becomes a demarcation point.

172

TERMINATIONS

6 Pin

BK Yellow/Black = Line 2

BL

Y

W White/Blue = Line 3

G R Red/Green = Line 1

173

TERMINATIONS

Duplex (ATI LR68696)

G

Y

BL

R

BK

W White/Blue = Line 3

Yellow/Black = Line 2

Red/Green = Line 1

174

TERMINATIONS

POTS Splitter – Wilcom PS-11

175

TERMINATIONSAlarm

1

2

3

4 5

6

7

8

(G)

(Y)

(BR)

(R)

(W)

(BK)

(O)

(BL)

176

TERMINATIONS

Flush Mounted

Mount flush-mount jacks on a standard utility box or mud (plaster) ring for either desk or wall applications.

The plates are not to be used for wall phones. The customer is responsible for installing the jack covers.

177

Surface Mounted

Mount surface jacks with the plugs to the side to prevent foreign material from entering.

The jack is sometimes referred to by its designation.

• CA11 (Canadian)• RJ11 (American).

TERMINATIONS

178

TERMINATIONSJack Placement

Avoid wet or damp locations. The Canadian Electrical Code states that any communication equipment installed in a bathroom must be permanently fixed to the wall and located so that no one in the shower or bath can use it.

Avoid locations near doors, moveable objects, stair approaches or where dropping the phone will damage valuable customer property.

Wall jacks are generally satisfactory if the top of the instrument is 1.6 m (5') from the floor; the international handicapped height is 1.32 m (52").

179

TERMINATIONS

Alarm Demarcation

Alarm demarcation allows service to remain uninterrupted. Dial tone is on the pair from the protector.

An internal shorting bar loops the circuit to inside set runs.

An alarm plug removes the short and loops the circuit through an alarm dialer. It has a CA31A configuration.

180

TERMINATIONS

Poolside Service

The owner must supply any conduit for the extension. The jack must be at least 4.6 m (approximately 15') from the edge of the pool.

Weatherproof corrosion-resistant boxes are to be used.

181

CUSTOMER CONSENT

182

DRILLING HOLESCaution: Using an electric drill at high speed may damage unseen material very quickly. (e.g., electrical wires).

Owner's Consent

Whenever drilling or if nonstandard work is necessary, have the customer sign a PT9113 form – Customer Consent (refer to TOPPS bulletin # 3.10.3.3).

This is essential when working in rented premises.Strata Council permission is required to run wire to the exterior of Strata owned buildings (e.g., condominiums). This prevents misunderstandings and unwarranted criticisms of the completed work.

183

DRILLING HOLES

Note:

Do not drill into any exterior wall of a building that has been re-enveloped (Water mitigation).

184

Precautions

If drilling into a carpet, precut it; a snag will cause the threads to run. Never drill arborite counters or ceramic tiles.

Know what you are drilling into and where you expect to come out. If you damage customer property, do not attempt to evade responsibility.

Use silicone in and around holes to the outside elements to prevent moisture leakage. Be careful when drilling stucco to the outside; the stucco may break away from the wall. In some instances it is better to drill towards the inside; measure carefully.

Keep clear of electrical wires.

DRILLING HOLES

185

INSIDE WIRE COLOUR CODE

PAIR 1 PAIR 2 PAIR 3 PAIR 4

WIRE TIP RING TIP RING TIP RING TIP RING

1 PAIR

BLUE RED YELLOW

2 PAIR

GREEN RED BLACK YELLOW

3 PAIR

GREEN RED BLACK YELLOW WHITE BLUE

3 PAIR

WHITE/ BLUE

BLUE/ WHITE

WHITE/ ORANGE

ORANGE/ WHITE

WHITE/ GREEN

GREEN/ WHITE

4 PAIR

WHITE/ BLUE

BLUE/ WHITE

WHITE/ ORANGE

ORANGE/ WHITE

WHITE/ GREEN

GREEN/ WHITE

WHITE/ BROWN

BROWN/ WHITE

186

FISHING

Fishing inside walls is never a certainty. Many an installer has been "surprised".

However, it is an option that you can use with some basic knowledge and techniques.

This subject covers:

• Drill Bits• Wall Fishing• Conduits• CO2.

187

DRILL BITS

The different kinds of bits are:

• Masonry• Wood (auger and brace/bit)• Trailer• Concrete (and plugs).

188

WALL FISHING

It is not always advisable to fish a wall.

Sometimes it will be necessary to bill the customer for the extra time involved to hide the wire.

Experience will be your best guide.

189

WALL FISHINGApplications

Wall fishing applications include:

• Ceiling to jack install• Crawl space to jack install• Wall jack to desk jack conversion (or vice versa)• T-bar ceiling to jack install.

Some older homes have fire stops in the wall about halfway down which will stop you from fishing. Measurements are critical. Electrical outlets and wires appearing in the attic or crawl space are a good guide for locating studs.

190

WALL FISHING

Considerations

Consider time and other routing alternatives. A mask must be worn if working around fiberglass; coveralls are recommended.

Give the customer the alternative of paying for your labour or having the wire run on the outside of the wall.

191

WALL FISHINGCommercial Applications

T-bar ceilings are usually found in businesses.

Owners are responsible for placing a conduit from the jack location to the ceiling above the T-bar.

There are restrictions on placing inside wire in a return air plenum: 6 m (20') maximum or install

Teflon cable at the customer's added expense.

Local areas have a list of asbestos locations.

192

CONDUITS

Conduits are required for external underground drop; there are also various multi-tenant and commercial requirements for conduit.

The important thing is to pull enough cable in for future applications, as it is very difficult to pull anything in afterwards.

193

CONDUITS

The BICS department has set guidelines on:

• Size of conduit• Number of connections• Number of bends allowed for telephone plant.

The customer is responsible for providing a pull string in the conduit when it is installed.

Establish ownership of conduit (i.e., find out where it ends).

194

Caution:

Never fish towards an electrical room.

CONDUITS

195

CO2

If the conduit is too long for a fish tape, a CO2 Jetline may be necessary.

A string dart is tied to the near end and inserted into the conduit opening.

A neoprene fluted plug is placed into the conduit opening; the CO2 hose is inserted into the back of the plug and a quick blast of CO2 is shot.

Make sure that no one is looking into the end of the conduit.

Sometimes you may shoot the wrong conduit or there may be a break in the conduit.

Safety transportation guidelines for CO2 cylinders are in the I&R Manual Section 2, page 26.

It is recommended that you wear safety goggles and gloves for this application.

196

WIRE STRIPPING AND TIE DOWN

You are now going to practice stripping and tying down wire before actually installing a service.

You will also have an opportunity to practice tying down jumper wire on BIX and quick connect blocks.

197

INSIDE WIRE STRIPPING

The same considerations for drops apply to inside wire.

Remember when stripping wire to be careful not to nick the wire.

Be thorough in our visual inspection.

The length of the conductor insulation will depend on the application.

At the protector leave ONE LOOP of slack and approximately .5 m (20") slack, if possible, in the wall at the jack.

Cut off enough insulation sheathing so that you can grasp the pull string.

Pull the string to reveal enough conductor length and cut off the insulation sheath.

198

WIRE TERMINATIONJumper Wire

BIX

Insert the jumper wire directly into the slot separated by the line splitter.

Punch the jumper wire down directly; do not roll off the block. Leave at least 7 cm (3”) of slack in the channel rings, but more importantly, follow the existing wires.

Label the designation strip.

199

WIRE TERMINATION

Quick Connect Block

Insert the jumper wire into the slot (tip above, ring below). Punch the jumper wire down directly.

Leave approximately 7 cm (3") of slack in the jumper rings. Label the QC block.

The blade in the tool can be reversed so that the blade does not cut.

200

WIRE TERMINATION

Binding Posts/Jack Terminals

Put the bare wire in a clockwise direction between the washers and tighten the nut.

As you tighten be sure the wire does not get caught in the threads.

Do not overlap the wire on itself.

201

MARR CONNECTOR

MARR Connector

The MARR Connector is used when four or more wires need to be connected together.

Strip one inch of conductor insulation from the wires and hold together.

Twist together a half turn. Back off the screw on the insert (collar) and slip the connector over the bunch of wires.

Tighten the screw and trim the excess wire to 1/8" from the end of the insert. Screw the cap on firmly.

Form the wire.

202

BIX TERMINATION

It is important that you understand BIX layouts.

In this subject we will cover the procedure for BIX tie downs.

Topics are:

• Application• Identification• Installation

203

BIX TERMINATION - APPLICATION

BIX blocks have replaced Quick Connect blocks.

They are designed for an indoor MIT/BET box, closet or equipment room placement in multi-tenant or commercial applications.

The basic termination is a 1A connector which will terminate 25 pairs. The 1A connector accommodates one jumper only per circuit.

Other connectors accommodate multiple connections per circuit (e.g., 2A up to 2 pair of jumpers per circuit, 5A up to 5 pair of jumpers per circuit and 7A up to 7 pair of jumpers per circuit).

204

BIX TERMINATION - APPLICATION

BIX 10A mounts can be joined with distribution rings for horizontal and vertical jumper channels.

A 2 connector mount (BIX 10C) with cover (BIX 31A) can be used for smaller applications.

Cables can enter the mount from either the top or the bottom.

Refer to Addendum - BIX Tie Down.

205

BIX TERMINATION - IDENTIFICATION

A green label identifies feeder cable and a blue label identifies distribution cable at a terminal.

White labels indicate house runs. Yellow labels indicate Enterphone termination.

Colours exist for other applications.

206

BIX TERMINATION - INSTALLATION

Complete instructions are detailed in a small, blue BIX handbook in the BIX installation procedure section.

Refer to Addendum for BIX Tie Downs.

Connectors are normally terminated by starting at the upper end and working down.

There are two connector installation positions which need to be tied down: upper and lower.

207

BIX TERMINATION - TESTING

A single pair test probe is used to access any pair on the BIX connector.

208

SPECIAL INSTALLATION

The topics are:

• Marine

• RV

• Construction Trailers

• Trailer Parks

209

MARINE

Marinas include yacht clubs, rowing clubs and anywhere a dockside arrangement is requested. The marina is considered to be private property.

Safety

Employees working on docks must follow TELUS and Worker's Compensation Board (WCB) safety practices.

The wearing of an approved life vest is mandatory.

210

MARINEMaterials

Distribution cable on marina property will be grease-filled (TM type cable). Installation methods must be approved prior to installation by the customer or an agent.

The Building Industry Consulting Service (BICS) group is responsible for consulting with the owner on the provision of facilities. Protection must be in a central location.

Equipment consists of:

• Weatherproof Hubbell jack housing• Hubbell jack or plug, including cover• Cabtire• RV jack.

The customer is responsible for maintenance costs.

211

MARINEInstallation

Ensure that the wire will not be damaged. Consider current dock construction.

The bottom of the outlet box must be a minimum of 15 cm (6") above the dock level.

Consider using a porthole, window or hatch for the Cabtire entrance.

A three pronged jack is required for marine use on one end and an RV type jack on the other.

Silicone should be applied to the jack or plug terminations.

Do not bore holes on the interior/exterior surfaces or watertight bulkheads of a boat.

212

RV CONNECTION

213

RV CONNECTION

RVs are any type of vehicle that can be easily moved from one location to another, including vacation trailers.

This situation requires a quick and easy disconnection of service.

The same considerations and equipment for marine applications apply to RV installations. Cabtire is run from a Hubbell jack on a 10 cm (4") square post to the RV jack.

214

CONSTRUCTION TRAILER

This situation occurs when a small trailer is brought onto a construction site for use as an office.

It is typically used for 2-3 months while building occurs.

Follow company protection and grounding guidelines. If an MGN is not available, then follow the practices for placing a fused protector.

Do not mount on to or drill into the aluminum skin of a trailer, even if the customer approves it.

Clearance poles are often necessary.

215

TRAILER PARKS

The danger here is that standards tend not to be followed and the cabling quickly turns into spaghetti.

AerialThe drop is routed from a centralized point. Each trailer has its own protector.

UndergroundProtection is mounted at a central location. Conduit runs to each pad contain TM93 which terminates on a 10 cm (4") square post.

216

TRAILER PARKSPractices

Drill holes as close to the outside wall as possible. Use an extra long drill bit when drilling through trailer floors; there is insulation below the floor.

No attachments are to be made to the exterior walls (skin).

Do not drill holes through exterior walls; the skin may become energized.

Do not mount wall phones unless the manufacturer has indicated placement.

Any drilling requires a form PT9113 Customer Consent to be signed by the customer to avoid problems later. Refer to TOPPS bulletin # 3.10.3.3.

217

INSTALL PROCEDURE

Step 1 – Plan Job

From customer request decide what route is best. Discuss with the customer. If necessary, have them sign a PT9113 form

Step 2 – Place Inside Wire

Start from one end and work towards the other. Staple, attach, fish walls, drill holes, etc. Run all wires

Step 3 – Terminate on JacksStop and tie down the wire.

218

INSTALL PROCEDURE

Step 4 – Terminate on Protection

Bring the wire into the distribution box and using MARR connectors extend a pair out to an alarm demark and back to the distribution box.

At the alarm jack tie the protector side tip down on pin 5 and the protector ring on pin 4; the inside wire side tip goes on pin 8 and the jack ring does on pin 1.

219

INSTALL PROCEDURE

Step 5 – Test Phone

Place a revert call and/or have a call back placed

An optional wiring arrangement is sometimes requested where an integrity strap is inserted between terminals 2 and 7. This allows the alarm company to identify remotely when a plug has been removed.

Note:

220

UNIT 3BASIC INSTALLATION AND

REPAIR





MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


221


• Services• Support Groups• Service Orders• ADSL Add Orders• AWAS screens• Review.

SERVICE ORDERS

222

TELUS offers a wide variety of services to our customers.

In this subject we will discuss:

• Classes of Service• Rate Areas

SERVICES

223

CLASSES OF SERVICE

TELUS offers several classes of service to customers:R – Individual private line residential serviceB – BusinessC – CoinP – PBX/PABXS – Special ServiceO – Central Office CentrexU – Customer Centrex

224

RATE AREAS

225

RATE AREAS

The telephone offices that provide services for specific geographical areas are exchanges. An exchange may consist of one or several telephone offices and includes the physical plant and equipment necessary to provide communication services to the area.

The costs vary with population density so an exchange area is divided into two sections:• Base Rate Area (BRA)• Outside Base Rate Area (OTBRA)

226

BASE RATE AREA (BRA)

A Base Rate Area is an area located close to the CO.

It has a high population density.

It includes basic monthly rental cost only, usually 1R (R) service.

227

OUTSIDE BASE RATE AREA (OTBRA)

OTBRA refers to the rural area of a community where there are not enough customers to warrant the cost of providing 1R service.

This service includes mileage charges to reflect the higher cost of providing service to outlying areas (R, and B service as a premium service). Mileage charges also apply to customers.

Mileage is measured from the edge of the BRA by ¼ mile (0.4 Km).

228

SERVICE ORDER FLOW

SERVICE ORDER

ECCOS/CRIS

CUSTOMER ACCOUNTING

(BILLING)

ASSIGNMENT

(FMS)

DIRECTORY

FIELDED ORDER SCHEDULING,

DISPATCH (AWAS)

SWITCH SOFTWARE INPUT

(SDAS)

WRITE - OFF

SWITCH (CO)

229

SUPPORT GROUPS

It is important to know who to contact when you have a question regarding a service order or the job that you are working on so that problems can be resolved quickly.

In this subject, we will outline the functions of the:

• Dispatch Management Centre• TOPPS• Network (CO).

230

DISPATCH MANAGEMENT CENTERService orders are processed, repair calls are coordinated and tested, and the customer service representatives interact with the customer.

FieldedAn I&R person must be dispatched to connect the service path. Plant facilities are assigned, if available, by the Assignment group; otherwise Facilities makes arrangements for the service path.

Standard Work Times (SWTs) are assigned by the Commercial department and indicate how long the work will take. SWTs are only an estimate of how long the job could take (60 min = 1.0 SWT).

A copy of the order goes to Dispatch so that the loader/dispatcher can preload an I&R person and plot the orders on a map for tracking (Interior only).

A copy is printed from ECCOS/CRIS into the Automated Work Assignment System (AWAS) which will then assign the job to an installer.

231

DISPATCH MANAGEMENT CENTER

Non-fieldedNon-fielded orders have a service path (line equipment, cable and pair) assigned automatically by Facilities Management System (FMS).

FMS contains information on service paths which are working, non-working or are dedicated circuits.

FMS takes the order and interfaces with Subscriber Database Administration System (SDAS) to update the CO switch automatically.

232

DISPATCH MANAGEMENT CENTERBusiness Office/CommercialThe Customer Service Representative (in the Business Office or TELUS Store) is responsible for initiating service orders and for answering billing queries.

They are located all over the province and take calls for any area using a province-wide Automatic Call Distributor (ACD).

Representatives handle either residential or Business Advisor Representatives (BAR) orders.

They are responsible for entering remarks that are helpful to I&R when initiating a service order.

Answering customer and installer questions regarding order and billing information is a large part of their job.

233

SUPPORT - TOPPS

TOPPS is the main support group:

ATOPS (Access Technologies and Outside Plant Support)

Call 310-2867 for any support information. An IVR directs to applicable location.

234

SUPPORT – NETWORK (CO)

This department's prime responsibility is to run CO jumpers in and check service orders.

The CO person is also responsible for setting up and maintaining loop enhancement equipment (e.g., VFRs, etc.).

They will also be involved with cable pair transfers and trouble cuts.

The actual switch maintenance is performed by the Network Operations Centre (NOC).

235

SERVICE ORDERS

The topics are:

• Service order types

• Order format

• Selections

236

SERVICE ORDER TYPES

I – Initial (new) installer – a new installation where the client does not presently have service in their name with TELUST – To order:

• Subscriber is moving and is continuing their phoneservice ("transferring" their service to another

location)

• May not keep the same phone number (if moving to a different exchange)

• Business T orders are not completed until the customer or interconnected company calls for

software programming

237

SERVICE ORDER TYPES

F – From order:• There is always an F order to remove service from the old address which is associated with the T• Shows where the service is coming "from"

C – Change order – "change" existing service on same premises

O – Out order – Service is taken "out" for a customer who does not renew service for the foreseeable future.

238

SERVICE ORDER TYPES

LNP – Line Number Portability – ensure LNP is notified to complete line movement to new location before leaving premises. (310-3344 and follow option 2)

239

ADSL – ADD ORDERS

Please advise all customers of the minimum system requirements for Velocity ADSL, viewable online at:

mytelus.com/internet.

240

ADSL – ADD ORDERSThese minimum requirements are critical for the successful installation of QuickConnect, Wholesale or Bundled Velocity ADSL.

AB & BC: Customers must have TELUS as their local service provider, and must have an existing jack in the room where they want ADSL installed.

AB & BC customers who have local service with an approved CLEC may also qualify for ADSL Service - please see ADSL for CLEC for details and order processing.

ON: Customer must have TELUS or BELL as their local service provider.

http://onesource.tsl.telus.com/pages/invoke.cfm?objectID=A553F0D7-666E-4EF5-95A435301F560BC0&section=what%20to%20tell%20customers#existjack%23existjack

http://onesource.tsl.telus.com/pages/invoke.cfm?ObjectId=EC5CAD4B-7DBF-44CC-AFB2B50B2B6804A2

241

Minimum System Requirements can be viewed online at:

http://www.mytelus.com/internet/highspeed/avail.do

Customers with monitored alarm systems, monitored medical alert systems (ie. Lifeline or Aidcall), Enterphones, call display, or live within a gated community, must be advised that these services could potentially cause problems for QuickConnect ADSL.

ADSL – ADD ORDERS

242

ADSL – ADD ORDERSEnterphones:

Only Enterphones that work on the phone line may pose a problem with QuickConnect. Standalone Enterphones (Enterphones or door buzzers that do NOT operate on the same phone line as the ADSL) will not cause problems for ADSL.

It is up to the customer to choose between QuickConnect and bundled ADSL.

Bundled (TELUS Installed) ADSL is an option for these customers.

The TELUS installer wires the ADSL 'around' the Enterphone or alarm system avoiding any interference or data loss.

243

ADSL – ADD ORDERS

Call DisplaySome Call Display units may not work with ADSL.

Customers with Call Display must be advised that there is a possibility their call display unit may not work with ADSL.

If a customer's Call Display unit does not work for them after install, they have the following options:

• Attempt to find a Call Display unit that is compatible • Cancel Call Display and remove the Call Display unit• Cancel ADSL and continue using the Call Display unit.

244

POTS SPLITTERS

These installations occur when an initial QuickConnect order fails and a repairperson is dispatched on a repair ticket initiated by Technical Support to rectify the problem.

The installation of a POTS splitter may help in making the ADSL service work (e.g. loop length issues, Enterphones, monitored alarm systems, etc).

245

ADSL – ADD ORDERS

I&R is to clear-cap / isolate the cable pair past the Customers service connection point in the aerial terminal when installing or doing maintenance on an ADSL service if the service does not sync-up or meet the minimum required downstream speed of 384 Kbps or upstream of 96 Kbps.

Simply cut the desired distribution pair in the middle of the aerial terminal and connect the pair to the fuselink using the approved connector for your area (Scotchlok, Amp or B-connector).

Ensure the remaining length of the distribution pair is twisted together to enable identification of the cut pair in the future.

This procedure is done because extra lengths of cable can impair an ADSL signal.

246

REVIEW JOB SUMMARY SCREEN

247

TROUBLE HISTORY SUMMARY SCREEN

248

FACILITIES INFORMATION SCREEN

249

REMARKS DISPLAY SCREEN

250

SERVICE ORDER REVIEW SCREEN

251

SERVICE ORDER INFORMATION SCREEN

252

REMARKS SCREEN

253






MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


254

DROP CUTS

In this unit we will discuss Line and Station Transfers or commonly called Drop Cuts.

The subjects are:

• Line Transfers • Drop cuts • Distribution cables

255

LINE TRANSFERSWhen a splicer does working line transfers each line is verified.

Line verification proves path to CO, ensures that all splices are complete and CO jumpers are in place.

Splicer checks for CO dial tone on subscriber side of splice.

Transfers involving special services require a release before working on the circuit.

This is a very time-consuming process; try to avoid transferring counts which have a large amount of special services.

256

JUMPER CHANGES

257

3 Drops (Subs) working in RA 2133 Drop cuts required

MOVE TO NEW RA

258

CABLE REPLACEMENT

Replacing lead cable with CELFILDrop cuts required

259

CHANGING COUNT

No drop cuts required if count “falls”

Example: No working lines in 3, 101-150 on same pair assignment

260

DROP CUTS

261

NEW TERMINALS

262

END – WEEK 1

263

WELCOMEWELCOME

TOTO

BASIC INSTALLATION AND BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIR WEEK 2REPAIR WEEK 2

# 078106# 078106

264


• Multi-Meters

• Fault Theory

• Completion Tests

• Basic Fault Locating

• Demarcation

• Billing

TOPICS

265

UNIT 5

BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIR





MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


266

INTRODUCTION

In this unit we will discuss the following topics:

• Analog Multi-Meters• Digital Multi-Meters• Measuring DC Voltage• Measuring DC Current• Measuring AC Voltage• Measuring DC Resistance

267

ANALOG MULTI-METER TRIPLETT 310 TEL

268

ANALOG MULTI-METER GREENLEE 93-502

269


270


271

ANALOG MULTI-METERS

Typical ranges for Analog Multi-meters are:

DC voltage 0.5V, 2.5V, 10V, 50V, 250V and 1000V AC Voltage 10V, 50V, 250 V, 1000V DC current 50uA, 2.5 mA, 25 mA and 250 mA Resistance 20Ω, 200Ω, 2kΩ, 20kΩ and 200kΩ

272

DIGITAL MULTI-METER – TRIPLETT 9040

273

DIGITAL MULTI-METERS

Typical ranges for a Digital Multi-meter are:

DC voltage 200mV, 2V, 20V, 200V, 600V

AC Voltage 200V, 600V

DC current 200uA, 2mA, 20mA, 200mA Resistance 200Ω, 2kΩ, 20kΩ, 200kΩ and 2000kΩ .

274

MEASURING DC VOLTAGE

Set Range Selector to DCV

275

MEASURING DC VOLTAGE

AC-DC Volts Scale

276

MEASURING DC CURRENT

Set Range Selector to MA

277

MEASURING DC CURRENT

AC-DC MA Scale

Polarity Switch

278

MEASURING AC VOLTAGE

Set Range Selector to ACV

279

MEASURING AC VOLTAGE

AC-DC Volts Scale

280

MEASURING DC RESISTANCE

Set Range Selector to OHMS

281

MEASURING DC RESISTANCE

OHMS Scale

OHMS ADJ Control

282

UNIT 6 BASIC INSTALLATION AND REPAIR





MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


283

INTRODUCTION In this unit we will discuss the basic theory needed to be able to understand how to successfully locate cable faults.

The topics are:

• Electrical Theory (OHMS Law) • Basic Electricity Overview• Series and Parallel Circuits• Cable Characteristics• Resistances Faults• Capacitance Faults

284

CONDUCTOR RESISTANCE TO DISTANCE TABLE

GAUGE (SIZE)AWG (mm)

CONDUCTOR LENGTHper OHM

19 AWG (0.91 mm) 37.87 m

22 AWG (0.64 mm) 18.82 m

24 AWG (0.51 mm) 11.75 m

26 AWG (0.41 mm) 7.32 m

28 AWG (0.32 mm) 4.60 m

285

FORMULAE

1) For cable temperatures Above 20o C: Ft = Fa [1 – 0.00218 (t – 20)] 2) For cable temperatures Below 20o C: Ft = Fa [1 + 0.0028 (t + 20)]

Note: Ft = Meters per Ohm @ temperature t (oC) Fa = Meters per Ohm @ temperature 20o C

286

THE TWIST FACTOR

287

ON/OFF HOOK

288

LOAD COILS

289

BAND PASS FILTER

290

HIGH SPEED CIRCUITS

HUB MAIN

HOST CO

HOST CO

HOST CO

REMOTES

HOSTHOST CO

291

RESISTIVE BALANCE TEST

Measurement #1 Tip (A)

Tip (A)


Tip (A)


Tip (A)

Strap Tip (A)

Ring (B)

Strap Tip (A)

Strap Tip (A)

Ring (B)

Ring (B)

Shield Tip (A)

Shield Tip (A)

Shield Tip (A)

292

RESISTORS

293

IMPEDANCE

Z Z

294

PRIMARY CONSTANTS FOR CABLE PAIRS

295

CAPACITIES ON A TELEPHONE PAIR

296

CAPACITANCE

STANDARD CAPACITANCES OF TELEPHONE CABLE

TYPE MUTUAL TIP (A)/ RING (B)TO GROUND

Aircore 0.052 uF/Km 0.078 uF/Km

Jelly-Filled 0.052 uF/Km 0.087 uF/Km

2 - Pair Drop 0.052 uF/Km 0.096 uF/Km

5 - Pair Drop 0.052 uF/Km 0.093 uF/Km

297

CROSS TALK

298

WHEATSTONE (RESISTANCE) BRIDGE

299

WHEATSTONE BRIDGE (PRECISION OHMMETER)

300

RESISTANCE FAULT LOCATE

301

CABLE PAIR EXCEPTION CODESDEFECTIVE

EXCEPTION CODES

(RESISTANCE)

RESTRICTIVE EXCEPTION CODES

(CAPACITANCE)

EXCEPTION DESCRIPTION

A B C D E F G H I

M N O P

J K L

Q R S T U V W X Y Z *

Short Ring Ground Tip Ground Open Tip Open Ring Foreign Battery Ground Both Sides Ring Ground/Open Tip Tip Ground/Open Ring Coin (Concentrators) PABX (Concentrators) Test (Concentrators) Bad Pair (Split) Unbalanced/Noisy Open Both Sides Permanent in Underground Exciter Pair Reversed Split Transposed Local Pair Clear Capped Colour Code Discrepancy Pass-up Crossed Pairs Faults in C.O. (Frame) Allows for Text Entry in MCA

302

GROUND

303

SHORT

304

CROSS

305

BATTERY CROSS

306

COMPLETE OPEN

307

PARTIAL OPEN

308

DIRTY OPEN

309

SPLIT

310






MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


311

INTRODUCTION

Completion tests are done to analyze a subscriber loop to identify and isolate the cause of a problem on a partially working cable pair.

Some common subscriber complaints include:

• No dial tone• Continuous dial tone• Signal is too weak• Occasionally get wrong numbers• Line is too noisy.

312

INTRODUCTION

Subjects include:

• Completion Testing• Transmission Testing• Dynatel 950 ADSL Qualification Test Set• Longitudinal Balance• 4 TEL/4TEL II VRS 400• Preventative Maintenance and Customer

Follow-up.

313

COMPLETION TESTING TOPICS

• Completion tests

• Transmission properties

• Transmission Design Limits (TDL).

314

COMPLETION TESTS INCLUDE

• Set operation

• Transmission

• VRS (Voice Response System).

315

SET OPERATION

Three set tests that must be done to ensure a properly working line are:

• Sidetone test (ensures set is operating properly for transmission)

• Ringing test (ensures the customer's set will ring)

• Dial/Touchpad test (ensures that the customer can call out).

316

DYNATEL 950 ADSL

317

TRANSMISSION

Transmission consists of four tests:

• Loop current• Circuit loss• Circuit noise• Power influence.

The test must be done at the protector or demarcation point.

318

VRS

This test allows you to communicate with 4TEL (the test equipment in the CO).

The VRS 400 system is the standard for TELUS.

319

TELUS NETWORK

320

LOCAL LOOP TRANSMISSION LEVEL

321

dBrnC and dBm

dBrnC = dB reference to noise with C – Message Weighting

dBm = dB reference to milliwatt

322

POTS CRITERIAPARAMETER ACCEPTABLE MARGINAL UNACCEPTABLE

VOLTAGE Loop Current Circuit Loss Power Influence CIRCUIT NOISE Balance Station Ground Resistance Slope

48 to 52 VDC -23 mA or more -8.5 dBm or less 80 dBrnC or less 20 dBrnC 60 dB 25 ohms or less 7.5 dB or less

-------------------------- -20 mA to < -23 mA -------------------------- > -80 dBrnC to < -90 dBrnC > 20 dBrnC to < 30 dBrnC > 50 dB to < 60 dB

------------------------------- < -20 mA > -8.5 dBm -90 dBrnC or more -30 dBrnC or more 50 dB or less > 25 ohms > 7.5 dB

PARAMETER INSULATION GOOD

LIGHT FAULT

(Service Affected)

HEAVY FAULT

(Out of Service)

Insulation Resistance 3.3 Meg or more 2.8 K ohms to 3.3.Meg

2.8 K ohms or less

323

TRANSMISSION DESIGN LIMITSCO

4.4 km

6.914 km

1 26

5.4 km26 242

Non-Loaded

7 km243

8.5 km24 22

2.74 km4

10 km5 22

24 22 9.14 km6

22 10.7 km7

22 19 18.3 km8

19 21.34 km9

TDL #

MULTIPLE OR SAC

SAC

MULTIPLE

CO

4.4 km

6.914 km

1 26

5.4 km26 242

Non-Loaded

7 km243

8.5 km24 22

2.74 km4

10 km5 22

24 22 9.14 km6

22 10.7 km7

22 19 18.3 km8

19 21.34 km9

TDL #

MULTIPLE OR SAC

SAC

MULTIPLE

324

LOAD COIL CONSTRUCTION

325

TELUS STANDARD H88 & D66 LOADING

326

NOISE AND POWER INFLUENCE MEASUREMENTS

327

CIRCUIT NOISE BASICS

328

CIRCUIT NOISE BASICS

329

CONTACT NUMBERS

COMPLETION TEST CONTACT NUMBERS

Quiet Line Termination

Milliwatt 1004 Hz @ 0 dB

Combination of Milliwatt & Quiet Line

Aines Line Opener

604-958-2091

604-958-2011

604-958-2061

604-958-4111

330

DYNATEL 950 ADSL KEYPAD FUNCTIONS

Make selection/ Make Changes Dialing Mode/ Tab Right AC Tests Resistance Autotest Transmit Tone Back/Escape Ping On/Reset/Off Save Autotest/ADSL

Ring/Red

Ground/Green

Tip/Black

Volume/Tab Left

T-R-G

Voltage

Loop Current

Opens Length Test

Toolbox

Contrast Up

ADSL

Contrast Down

Backlight

331

POWER ON SCREEN

332

LEAD CONNECTIONS

333

After five minutes with no activity, the unit provides six quick warning beeps before shutting off. When beeps are heard,

press to prevent shut off.

POWER ON

334

LONGITUDINAL BALANCE

Longitudinal Balance (LB) is a measurement which describes how well matched the impedances of the tip and ring conductors are with respect to ground.

A line with a low LB reading will do a poor job in rejecting AC hum and may have faults, such as dirty opens, which cause static noise problems.

335

TOPICS

• LB Function in the Dynatel 900 Series

• How to Obtain an LB Reading

• Using the LB Function.

336

DYNATEL 950 ADSL

337

The Dynatel 900 series generates its own test signal and does not rely on the measurement of an externally generated signal.

Thus, a balance reading is possible at any time irrespective of the line’s length or the amount of power influence on the line when the measurement is taken.

LB FUNCTION

338

CONNECT THE LEADS

Red Lead Ring

Black Lead Tip

Green Lead Good Earth Ground.

339

LONGITUDINAL BALANCE65.3 dB

OK

LB READING

340

4TEL/4TELll VRS 400

The Voice Response System, or VRS is a feature of the 4TEL Test System Controller (TSC) that allows craft to perform selected 4TEL tests, retrieval and administrative functions through a handset (or standard telephone) while in the field.

341

TOPICS

• Working with VRS

• VRS Commands

• VRS troubleshooting

342

WORKING WITH VRS TOPICS

• Navigating the VRS Command System

• How VRS Handles Entry Errors & Timeouts

• Speeding Up VRS.

343

NAVIGATING THE VRS SYSTEM

To enter the VRS system:

1. Dial in to VRS using a handset:

The system says:

2. Enter your employee ID code and press #, there may be a pause for several seconds.

Note: If the search takes longer than 15 seconds, VRS tells you it is still searching. The system should never remain silent for more than 15 seconds, unless you are entering data or if a communication problem exists between the VRS and TSC, or there is a problem with the VRS server itself:

Hello, this is VRS. Enter your ID code.

@:1-800-663-3388

344

NAVIGATING THE VRS SYSTEMVRS says:

Test system not available.

After accessing your record, VRS says:

Password?

3. Enter your password at the prompt

If the password is correct, VRS asks you to press (1) to go to the main menu

Main menu verbally lists all of the commands and menus available there.

345

NAVIGATING THE VRS SYSTEM

You are in the VRS menu structure at this point and can choose any listed item by pressing the associated key.

346

MAIN MENU

347

• Completion Test (7) This command executes a line test after you repair a trouble

• Help (0) This command provides help anywhere in the VRS system

• Exit (8) Use this command to leave the system

MENUS AVAILABLE FROM MAIN MENU

348

MENUS AVAILABLE FROM MAIN MENU

• Line Test menu (1)• Fault Locate menu (2)• Special Tests menu (3)• Retrieve Test Results menu (6)• Non-testing Utilities menu (9).

349

NAVIGATING WITH GLOBAL COMMANDS

Help (0) – This key provides help anywhere in the VRS system

Stop or Abort (*) – Pressing this key causes VRS to exit the current menu or command and return to the previous menu.

Accept or Go On (#) –Pressing this key tells the system to go to the next step.

350


The next two commands are available only when VRS asked a question, which requires a YES or NO answer:

The “Y” key (9) – indicates YESThe “N” key (6) – indicates NO.

351


The following global commands are available only when VRS is presenting test results to the user:

Repeat last field (1) – The system plays back the data field that it just spoke

Back up a field (2) – The system returns to the previous field and repeats the data in that field

Pause (3) – VRS pauses for 15 seconds.

352

ENTRY ERRORS AND TIMEOUTS

That ID is invalid. Enter your ID code.

ID Code ErrorsIf you enter an ID code that the system does not recognize:VRS responds by saying:

If you make three invalid entries in a row, VRS says goodbye and disconnects.

If you make a mistake while entering your ID code, pressing the star (*) key once causes the system to request your ID code again.

353

ENTRY ERRORS AND TIMEOUTSPassword ErrorsWhen you enter a password that the system does not recognize:VRS responds by saying:

That password is invalid.Password?

Three invalid entries and VRS requests your ID code again.

Pressing the star (*) key will correct mistakes and pressing it twice will prompt the system to ask for your ID code again.

354

MAIN MENU AND COMMAND ERRORS

• Invalid keystrokes

• Incorrect keystrokes

355

TIMEOUTS

• Response Timeout

• Interdigit Timeout

• Next Field Timeout

• Status Timeout

356

SPEECH MODES

Quick Speech Mode – Gives minimal voice cues for the experienced user

Regular Speech Mode – Gives more detailed information, including the most often used selections for each menu

Extended Speech Mode – Lists all of the options available to you at the current menu or command level.

357

OVERRIDE AUDIBLE MESSAGE PROMPTS

You can skip many of the messages and prompts supplied by VRS by making a valid keystroke as soon as you enter a menu or select a command.

You cannot override error messages.

You can skip or reduce the waiting time between results by pressing the pound (#) key (ACCEPT or GO ON).

358

TEST COMMANDS

• Line Test

• Completion Test

• Special Line Test

• Loop And Ground

• Pull Dial Tone

359

TEST COMMANDS

The “Same Line Testing” option is presented in the “New Line Number” command process.

VRS says:

If you are testing the same line press (9) to select YES. VRS repeats your selection (YES or NO).

Are you testing the same line you are using to access VRS?

360

TEST COMMANDS

When the system detects a busy line:

VRS says:

The system completes your test when the line becomes idle and then archives the results. You must wait until the system detects a busy condition and instructs you to hang up before disconnecting.

Please hang up now to complete the test.

361

TEST COMMANDS

If the system does not detect a busy during the initial test:

VRS says:

VRS then returns you to the menu from which you selected the test.

Line is not busy. You are not testing the same line

362

TEST RESULTS MENU

363

BASIC TEST RESULTS (1) – 4TEL

• Dispatch Statement

• Summary Of Line Insulation Faults

• Cable Length

• Ringer Configuration

• Signature

364

BASIC TEST RESULTS (1) – 4TEL II

• Fault Isolation

• Most Severe Fault

• Fault Location

• Insulation Summary

• Measured Length

• Expected Length

• Network Termination

• Ringers

365

SUBSCRIBER BUSY MENU

366

LINE TEST MENU

367

FAULT LOCATION MENU

368

SHORT LOCATION, CRAFTSPERSON TO FIELD SIDE OF FAULT

369

GROUND ONE SIDE OF THE PAIR UNDER TEST

370

GROUND THE OTHER SIDE OF THE PAIR

371

SHORT THE LINE AND ADD GROUND

372

REMOVE THE SHORT AND GROUND

373

GROUND LOCATION: CRAFTSPERSON TO FIELD SIDE

OF FAULT

374

SHORT THE LINE TO THE FIELD SIDE

375

REMOVE THE SHORT

376

CROSS LOCATION: CRAFTSPERSON TO FIELD SIDE

OF FAULT

377

SHORT THE LINE

378

REMOVE THE SHORT

379

OPEN LOCATION: CRAFTSPERSON ON CO SIDE OF FAULT

380

OPEN THE LINE

381

RECONNECT THE LINE

382

SPECIAL TESTS MENU

383

STRAPPING RESULTS

• No Short And Ground Detected

• Short Detected

• Tip-ground Detected

• Ring-ground Detected

• Short And Ground Detected

384

RETRIEVE TEST RESULTS MENU

385

NON-TESTING UTILITIES MENU

387

MULTIPLE FAULTS OF THESAME TYPE

388

HIGH RESISTANCE OPEN OR POWER LINE INFLUENCE

389

FAULT IN ANOTHER BRANCH

390

GAUGE CHANGE

391

MULTIPLE FAULTS, CANNOT CONTINUE

392

DISPATCH LIMITS

393

PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE AND CUSTOMER FOLLOW-UP

• Guidelines

• Quality Assurance Operational Reviews (QAOR)

• Material Recovery

• Customer Instruction

394

Installers need to be able to speak the "language" of their clients and interact tactfully with them.

Do not take for granted that the customer will be able to figure things out on his or her own.

It is important that the customer is provided with some instruction on the use of equipment.

Telephone directories provide some information that the customer can refer to.

CUSTOMER INSTRUCTION

395

Be conscious of the instructional needs of some new immigrants and new subscribers.

It is imperative that the customer feels comfortable with their telephone service and equipment.

Attention to customer satisfaction can often mean the difference between good and bad service.

CUSTOMER INSTRUCTION

396






MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


397

TOPICS

• Fault Locating

• Field Initiated Trouble-Cut System (FITS)

398

FAULT LOCATING

• DC Faults/Troubles

• DC Tests

• Troubleshooting Guidelines

• Miscellaneous Tools and Test Equipment

• Locate Basic Fault Conditions

399

THE FOUR BASIC FAULTS

• Opens

• Shorts

• Grounds

• Crosses

400

OPENS

Opens are defined as breaks in the continuity of the circuit.

Opens can be partially or completely open

401

SHORTS

Shorts are defined as connections between each side of the circuit (tip and ring).

The short can be partial or complete.

A partial short may produce noise, but a complete short may not produce any noise at all.

402

GROUNDS

Grounds are defined as connections between one or both sides of a circuit to earth ground. The side of the circuit that is connected to ground designates the type of ground.

If both sides of a circuit are grounded, they are shorted as well.

403

CROSSESCrosses are defined as connections between one or both sides of a circuit and one or both sides of another cable pair.

Contact must be between two working pairs. The conductors that are making contact are what determine how some people define the fault.

If the ring of pair one contacts the tip of pair two, a ground is produced on pair one (called a "tip cross"), and the trouble on pair two is known as a "ring cross" or "foreign battery“.

If a working pair is crossed with a non-working pair, the result may be a resistive imbalance.

404

14 COMMON TROUBLE TYPES

NDT no dial toneCCO can't call otherCBC can't be calledNCR no coin returnRWN reaches wrong number(s)Misc. miscellaneous (e.g., ringer volume)OOL others on linePHY physical (e.g., touchpad stuck)NoiseCH can't hearCBH can't be heardCUTO cuts off/cuts outCCALL custom calling relatedData any report where customer mentions data.

405

DC TESTS

It is necessary to practice doing DC tests and to understand what the acceptable readings are.

The following topics are discussed:

• Circuit properties• DC properties• Tests.

406

CIRCUIT PROPERTIES

A normal working circuit consists of the following properties:

• Approximately 50 volts DC on the ring side• Negative battery on ring and positive ground

on tip• Approximately 90 volts AC on the ring

generator• CO battery feed coil resistance• Cable pair resistance• Cable pair capacities• Set resistance(s).

407

DC PROPERTIESVoltage:

Voltage readings can help determine line condition. The only voltage that should be on a cable pair is between

48-52 volts DC.

To eliminate any possible external voltage, isolate the line by:

• Disconnecting the cable pair and testing toward the field• Calling the AINES line opener, causing a 1.5 minute

temporary open, the number is (604)958-4111• Calling the CO and having them disconnect the cable

pair.

408

DC PROPERTIES

Voltage readings should indicate no foreign voltage.

Determine the source if foreign voltage is greater than 1 volt. Phone for a new pair if voltage is isolated to a cable pair.

409

DC PROPERTIES

Current:

Loop current must be 29 mA or above, but not above 90 mA, for proper voice and touchpad transmission.

The problem can be a DC fault or the loop can be too long.

Refer to the Test Desk if it is not a DC fault.

410

DC PROPERTIES

Resistance:

Resistance readings are the final DC tests in determining line condition.

The CO voltage source should be removed.

Measure the voltage again to ensure there is no foreign voltage.

Resistance between tip and ring should be infinite (more than 1 megaohm).

Resistance between tip and ground should be infinite (more than 1 megaohm).

Resistance between ring and ground should be infinite (more than 1 megahom) at all times.

411

DC TESTSVoltage:

Voltage tests must be done before resistance tests because:

• Voltage can damage the resistance scale• Voltage can give false readings on the

resistance scale.

If the voltage is not known, start on the highest range.

Measure voltage tip to ring.

412

DC TESTSCurrent:

Different current ranges are available.

If the current is not known, start on the highest range.

Use the meter on the telephone circuit only.

The meter should be connected across the line.

A reading of 29 mA ensures that 23-26 mA is available at the set.

413

DC TESTSResistance:

Different resistance ranges are available.

The resistance range does not have to be set on its highest range for an unknown resistance.

Select a range that will put the needle in the centre of the scale.

Disconnect the CO voltage source.

Check for voltage tip to ring, tip to ground and ring to ground.

Then measure resistance tip to ring, tip to ground and ring to ground.

414

DYNATEL 745

415

TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDELINES

Strategy:

The purpose of having a strategy is to provide direction.

An experienced troubleshooter may use different steps but the general strategy is the same.

416

TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDELINESTrouble Location:

The first thing to do is to determine or verify what the trouble is.

Common troubles are:

• No dial tone (NDT)• Continual dial tone • Dialing problems (CCOT/RWN)• Bell doesn't ring (BDR)• Noise.

Isolate the trouble to the equipment, line or CO.

Isolate the line at the different connection points to determine the fault location.

CPE (alarm dialers, etc.) should be disconnected if you have proven it is the trouble, but consult with the customer first.

417

TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDELINESLine Testing:

The component you are disconnecting the line from can also be a source of trouble.

Follow the sequence of testing.

Cable Pair Transfer:

Use FITS or work with either Assignment or Test Desk to connect another cable pair.

The CO will transfer the DN to the new cable pair.

418

TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDELINES

Noise:

DC sequence of testing needs to be done prior to any transmission testing.

After fixing the trouble, perform the completion tests.

419

TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDELINESCommon Problems:

Some problems are more likely to occur than others. Competent troubleshooters attempt solutions that are rapid and efficient.

Some common problems include:

• Dialing problems (CCOT/RWN)• Set Faults (NDT/BDR)• RFI (Radio Frequency Interference).

420

COMMON PROBLEMS

Dialling Problems (CCOT/RWN):

Accidental reversals can leave a polarity sensitive touchpad inoperative.

Use your jack tester to measure the loop current.Have the Directory Number (DN) and Line Number Identification (LNI) EAX #1, Network Inlet Terminal (NIT) EAX #2, or Hardware Identification (HID) GTD-5 programmed into the computer.

The ESPC office will not give dialing privileges to a set or butt-in that does not put an ANI mark on the line.

421

COMMON PROBLEMS

Set Faults (NDT/BDR):

Determine if a ring signal from the CO is being sent.

Replace the set or check party line equipment.

422

RFI (Radio Frequency Interference):

Radio frequency signals can be picked up by various telephone plant components.

Conditions allowing demodulation to take place include dirty, loose or corroded connections, or telephone equipment components like diodes, varistors, transmitter units, etc.

COMMON PROBLEMS

423

RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) (Cont.)

Listen to the line:

• If RF is heard, the problem is with the line; place suppression unit (N224570C) at protector

• If RF not heard, place one suppression unit (Z100A) per line at the set (no charge to customers, even with CPE).

COMMON PROBLEMS

424

MISCELLANEOUS TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT

Test Tone:

The test tone is used to identify a pair of wires or to provide battery on a pair of wires.

425

DYNATEL 745

426


Dynatel 745:

The Dynatel 745 is an intelligent field unit designed to diagnose or qualify customer lines.

Test results displayed on an LCD can be analyzed internally and the probable causes of trouble displayed.

This unit is still used but is not standard equipment for I&R.

Note:

427

DYNATEL 950 ADSL

428


Dynatel 950 ADSL:

The Dynatel 950 ADSL provides additional tests for measuring basic metallic pair characteristics to use in qualifying a new pair or selecting a replacement pair.

The metallic tests include voltage, loop current, insulation resistance, insulation soak test, ground resistance, opens, load coils, ringers longitudinal balance, loss, noise, PI, dialing, results storage and results upload.

ADSL qualification includes CO modem linkup and essential performance measurements including bin-graph and ping through to the ISP.

429

TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURE

• Step 1 – Determine The Starting Point

• Step 2 – Take Meter Readings

• Step 3 – Isolate The Trouble

430

TROUBLE COMMON TO

ALL SETS

CHECK SET IF SET SPECIFIC

CHECK JACKREPLACE SET

CHECK STATION WIRE

REPLACE JACK

CHECK PROTECTOR

REPLACE STATION WIRE

CHECK DROPREPLACE

PROTECTOR

CHECK TERMINAL OR

SAC BOX

REPLACE DROP

CHECK DIST. CABLE PAIR

REPLACE CONNECTION

CHECK FEEDER PAIR

CHANGE DISTRIBUTION

PAIR

CHANGE FEEDER

CABLE PAIR

MULTI-METERTRANSMISSION &

4TEL TESTS

TOK

TOK

INSIDE HOUSE

NOT OK

NOT OK

NOT OK

NOT OK

NOT OK

NOT OK

NOT OK

NOT OK

TOK

TOK

TOK

TOK

TOK

TOK

OUTSIDE HOUSE

TERMINAL OR SERVICE BOX

SAC

TROUBLE LOCATING

431

OPENS

An open may be caused by, but not limited to:

• Broken set components• Broken conductor(s) in station wire or TELUS

Store Jacks• Broken drop or broken buried service wire• Corrosion or electrolysis of conductors• Loose or improper connections at the RA

(including binding posts and Scotchloks)• Broken cable pair or jumpers in a

crossconnect or SAC box• Broken or missing connection in the CO• Cut or missing wires• Open fuse on fused protector.

432

SHORTS

A short may be caused by, but not limited to:

• Receiver off hook• Jacks with foreign objects stuck in them• Moisture in the cable where the conductor

insulation has broken down, allowing contact between the tip and ring

• Deteriorated insulation on the drop (such as tree contact) or buried service wire, allowing contact between tip and ring

433

SHORTS

• Poor housekeeping in terminals, pedestal, or protectors where dirt, wire scraps, cobwebs, moisture, or foreign objects allow contact between tip and ring

• Excessive twisting of conductors that can cause the insulation to stretch and break

• Station wire with staples or other foreign objects penetrating both conductors

• Faults in the CO such as wire scraps or poor wire wraps

• Defective telephone set equipment.

434

GROUNDSA ground may be caused by, but not limited to:

• Moisture in the cable where conductor insulation has broken down, allowing contact between the tip and ring

• Deteriorated insulation on the drop or buried service wire, allowing contact between tip and/or ring to earth ground

• Poor house keeping in terminals, pedestals, or protectors where dirt, wire scraps, cobwebs, moisture, or foreign objects allow contact to earth ground

• Defective sets or equipment that has grounded ringing

• CO wiring defects.

435

CROSSES

Crosses may be caused by, but not limited to:

• Faulty insulation or a breakdown between conductors in a cable, including multi-service drops and buried service wires

• Poor house keeping in terminals, pedestals, or protectors where dirt, wire scraps, cobwebs, moisture, or foreign objects allow contact between working pairs

• CO wiring defects.

436

TROUBLE TYPE CAUSES

01 – NDT (No Dial Tone) ROH (Receiver Off Hook)Missing SAC or Distribution Box jumpersMissing or broken RA/SLIC splice box connectionsCut cable, drop, or station wireDefective/faulty equipment/setDeteriorated cable, drop/station wireStaple through station wireLoose connections at RA/SLIC, protector or set

02 – CCO (Can’t Call Other)

Incorrect polarity at setTone phone – dial toneDefective/faulty dial or touch padLow loop currentCircuit loss out of limitsCO trouble

03 – CBC (Can’t Be Called) Loose connections at RA/SLIC, protector or setCorrosion at jack, protector, or RA/SLICCarbon pitting or burnt carbons (ring/tip)Incorrect polarity at setIncorrect ringer volumeToo many ringers on lineCut crew in areaPoor groundDefective/faulty ringer/capacitorSoftware trouble – call forwardingCO trouble

04 – NCR (No Coin Return) No coin return – pay phone only

CAUSES OF TROUBLE BY TYPE

437

CAUSES OF TROUBLE BY TYPE TROUBLE TYPE CAUSES

05 – RWN (Reaches Wrong Number)

Defective/faulty dial or touch pad Loose set connectionsIncorrect customer use (Can’ see numbers)Lack of loop currentCircuit loss out of limitsWrong number in speed dial

06 – Misc Incorrect ringer volumeReversed ringer leadsEnterphone problemsDrops down, cables cut

07 – OOL (Others On Line) Crossed pairsCordless phone (report as CH)Left in dropRadio interference (report as CH)Faulty line card (another conversation fades in and out)

08 – PHY (Physical) Misuse/abuse of equipment by customerWorn equipmentHook switch, dial or touch pad stuck

09 – Noise:HUM

STATIC

Power line induction

Loose/broken RA/SLIC, protector, jack, or set connections/conductorsDefective/worn hook switch, dial/keypad, transmitter, or plug connectionsDeteriorated drop/station wireCorrosion at jack, protector, or RA/SLICPitted or burnt carbons

438

CAUSES OF TROUBLE BY TYPE

TROUBLE TYPE CAUSES

10 – CH (Can’t Hear)

Radio

Defective/worn receiver capsule/cordLack of loop currentCircuit loss out of limitsImproper customer useCordless phone (phantom ring)Faulty line card (voice fades in and out)

High-powered radio transmitters Faulty/defective set wiringCorrosion at RA/SLIC, protector, jack, or groundLoose binding post nuts

11 – CBH (Can’t Be Heard) Defective /worn transmitter capsule/cordLack of loop currentCircuit loss at OOL Improper customer useFaulty line card

12 – CUTO (Cuts Off/Out) Loose set connectionsDeteriorated/worn drop wireDeteriorated/faulty RA/SLIC, protector, jack, or set connections

13– CCALL (Custom Call Check set to see if enabledSoftware problemsCustomer useFaulty set

14 – Data Any report where customer mentions data

439

FIELD INITIATED TROUBLE-CUT SYSTEM (FITS)

FITS is a Web based system on the TELUS intranet which allows the user to identify, query and replace defective cable pairs from their desktop or cell phone.

It is located on the TELUS intranet and can be accessed at: <http://fits.tsl.telus.com/>.

FITS can be added to your “Favorites” for easy future access.

http://fits.tsl.telus.com/

http://fits.tsl.telus.com/

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FIELD INITIATED TROUBLE-CUT SYSTEM (FITS)

• LOGGING On/Logging Off

• Query

• Trouble Cut

• Cable Maintenance

• Miscellaneous

In this section we will be reviewing:

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LOGGING ON/LOGGING OFF SCREEN

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MAIN MENU

MAIN MENU

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CONTACTS

FITS CONTACT LIST

FITS B.C. Field Support – Russ Morrison 604-290-7347 Cell

FITS Alberta Field Support – Jeff Foss 403-341-8429403-318-4047 Cell

FITS System Support – Bobbi Nijjar 604-432-3178

FITS Passwords & Logon Support - SPOC 1-877-600-7762

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QUERY

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QUERY INVENTORY BY TELEPHONE NUMBER

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QUERY INVENTORY RESULTS

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TERMINAL LOCATIONS SCREEN

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TERMINAL ADDRESS DISPLAY

ENTER 1 TO 4TERMINALNUMBERSorPARTIALADDRESS

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TERMINAL LOCATIONSRETURNED INFO

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MULTIPLE TERM SCREEN

ENTER CABLE & PAIR

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MULTIPLE TERM RESULTS

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GET SPARES SCREEN

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GET SPARES RESULTS

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DISPLAY TICKET SCREEN

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CUT/RELEASE SPARES SCREEN

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CUT/RELEASE SPARE SELECTION

SELECTED PAIR

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DEFECT QUERY SCREEN

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QUERY DEFECTIVE PAIRSBY TERMINAL

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QUERY DEFECTIVE PAIRSBY PAIR RANGE

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DEFECTIVE QUERY BYTERMINAL RESULTS

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DEFECTIVE QUERY BYPAIR RANGE RESULTS

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RESET SPARES SCREEN

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SET PAIR DEFECTIVE SCREEN

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RELEASE HELD ORDER SCREEN

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CLEAR CAP A PAIR SCREEN

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SPOT TERMINAL SCREEN

C12345678901

1234

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CO INFO SCREEN

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CO INFO RESULTS

(403) : 314-1234

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Unit 9BASIC INSTALLATION AND

REPAIR





MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING

FITS

470

TOPICS

• Multilines and equipment

• I/C Wiring

• Structured Wiring

471

MULTILINES AND EQUIPMENT

Topics include:

• Pseudo numbers• Multiline equipment.

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PSEUDO NUMBERSPseudo numbers may or may not have a phone number associated with them.

There will be a pilot or main number and several other lines:

NXXX-4441NXX-4442NXX-4443. OrNXX-4441O/L 2O/L 3.

Only the test desk can test these numbers.

473

MULTILINE EQUIPMENTSmartTalk 308 set may be encountered in the field.

It consists of 3 lines and an intercom.

The smarts are in the set itself.

Sets have LD display, hands free operation, conference calling, interoffice message waiting, and 16 speed dial numbers.

It requires one power module and four pair wiring.

It has a battery back-up and is desk or wall mounted.

Uniden is a 4-line phone; it is the customers’ responsibility for any repair issues with this unit.

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I/C WIRING

Many of your installations will be interconnect related. The majority of demarcs found in the field are for commercial applications.

The topics are:

• Policy• Single tenant building (business)• Multi-tenant building (business)• Devices• Jumpering• Labeling.

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POLICY

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POLICY

TELUS provides and installs Outside Plant.

Where the customer leases equipment from TELUS, TELUS owns and maintains all the facilities.

Support structures are provided and maintained by the owner/contractor.

TELUS provides demarcation for multiline customers, alarm interfaces, and special equipment attachments.

Enterphone installations must have demarcation devices in place (converting as required).

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POLICY

With CPE multiline equipment, the customer must own and maintain facilities (including the wiring) beyond the demarcation device.

The installer should advise the customer that everything beyond the demarcation is billable or can be done by another contractor.

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SINGLE TENANT BUILDING (BUSINESS)

A single tenant building is a building entirely owned or occupied by a single customer.

Demarcation is done at only one point.Extension of the demarcation is billed to the customer.

If the customer cannot suggest a location, the demarcation is placed next to the entrance cable.

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MULTI-TENANT BUILDING (BUSINESS)

Placed at one mutually agreeable location on the customer’s premises.

May also be located in a satellite closet or in the main terminal room.

Time and length considerations apply to that portion of cable on customer premises.

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DEVICES

Hardware:

Devices used include:

• Regular TELUS Store jack (surface or flush)• Eight position jack• An eight line block• Eight position, 12 line device (Enterphone only)• 25 lines amphenol block• BIX-125 demarc.

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DEVICES

Considerations:

The customer or application determines the type of device; it may be specified on the order.

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DEVICESRouting:

Routing is via a mutually agreed upon location depending on:

• Where the interconnect company has run their wiring• The customer’s knowledge of interconnect requirements.

Feeder cables shall not be terminated directly on demarcation services.

Consider using customer-owned wiring if verbal agreement has been obtained.

The customer is billed for labour plus materials to extend demarcation.

483

JUMPERINGYellow/blue – blue/yellow is used for equipment leased by the customer.

The same colour is used at all intermediate terminals (SAC, house, concentrator, RSU and RLU).

Orange/white – orange jumper wire is used for all interconnect customers at the last jumpering point before the demarcation device.

Red/green – green/red jumper wire is used for Special Services (Business Customer Operations) at all locations.

484

LABELING

Place form P523 (blue) for telephone lease lines and single line telephones.

Place form P523A (purple) for CPE systems.

Place the appropriate label on device or jack(s) and clearly identify all lines.

485

STRUCTURED WIRING

• Structured cabling

• IBDN

• Wiring installation concerns

486

STRUCTURED CABLING

It has only been within the last few years that structured cabling systems have been in use.

Office cabling is designed to integrate voice, data and video systems.

With regular cabling labour costs can be high. With structured cabling there is multiple vendor compatibility.

Structured cabling is designed for future growth and innovations. It reduces the administration involved with office moves.

487

IBDN

Integrated Building Distribution Network (IBDN) is Nortel Networks’ designation of its structured wiring.

Several levels exist to denote the speed of transmission.

IBDN can be Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) copper and/or fibre optic technology.

UTP is susceptible to Electromagnetic Induction (EMI).

488

WIRING CONCERNS

• Voice and data circuits cannot be interchanged.

• All jack fields should be labeled.• BIX labels are coloured grey for

data, green for PBX and pink for input lines.

• The only time you should be working on these lines is when requested by the customer.

• An unused voice circuit may be used for a 1B or fax line.

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DEMARCATION POINTS - TOPICS

• Four Story and Under Residential, Residential/Commercial Building Demarcation Point

• Four Story and Under Residential, Residential/Commercial Building Demarcation Point with Telecommunication Closets

• High-rise Residential, Residential/Commercial Building• Strata-Title Townhouses• Strata – Bare Land• Side by Side Duplex Residences• Side by Side Fourplex Residences• Single Family Residence• Mobile Home Complexes• Mobile Home Park• A Single Mobile Home on Private Property• Recreational Vehicle Parks• Marina.

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FOUR STORY AND UNDER RESIDENTIAL, RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL DEMARCATION POINT. (NO TELECOMMUNICATIONS CLOSETS)

491

FOUR STORY AND UNDER RESIDENTIAL, RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL DEMARCATION POINT. WITH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CLOSETS

492

HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL

493

CPE POTS SPLITTER FOR MDU

494

CPE POTS SPLITTER FOR MDU

The MDU Pots Splitter has been designed to be used in conjunction with TELUS Partnered Warm Home MDU Projects.

It will be ordered on the Network and should be installed at the same time as the Protection units and jumpered according to the dedication sheets.

495

MDU 25

The MDU 25 is a modular, 25 ports, full POTS Splitter/Line Conditioner designed to provide POTS services in conjunction with ADSL2+ and VDSL services.

The MDU 25 prevents high frequency ADSL signals from interfering with POTS services and prevents low frequency POTS signal from interfering with ADSL2+ services.

496

MDU 25The MDU 25 can be installed in a variety of multi dwelling or multi tenant configurations, whether they are apartments, condominiums, hotels or office buildings.

The MDU 25 is installed either as a stand alone unit or in multiples within the MDU telecommunication wiring closet.

Depending on the deployment, Telco’s can pre-wire all 25 ports prior to occupancy and then provisioned from the CO eliminating the need for expensive truck rolls, or provision on site on an as needed bases.

497

MDU 25

498

The MDU 25 is to be mounted near the protection units.

Using the dedication sheets provided by the Network, jumpers are to be run according to the following guidelines.

MDU 25

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MDU 25

For detailed information regarding TELUS Space Requirements please refer to the TELUS BICS information at the following link:

www.telus.com/bics

http://www.telus.com/bics

500

RUNNING MDU JUMPERS WITH ENTERPHONE

501

RUNNING MDU JUMPERS WITHOUT ENTERPHONE

502

SAP/CET ACCESS

503

MDU 25

The MDU 25 units are to be ordered through CET/SAP and capitalized on the outside plant Network. Include a time allotment for placing and running 3 jumpers per suite. Allow one unit for every 25 suites. (For example, an 80 unit MDU will require 4 units.) Access Facilities will continue to provide dedication sheets to inventory SAC FX pairs to the specific suites. No FMS inventory of the MDU 25 POTS splitter will be done. Jumpers will be run by the Cable Splicer at the time of the Network build if the inside wire terminations/labeling portion is complete.

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STRATA TITLE TOWNHOUSE

505

BARE LAND STRATA

506

TYPICAL STAND ALONE TELEPHONE ROOM/CLOSET INCLUDING POSTAL BOXES

507

BARE LAND STRATA

508

SIDE BY SIDE DUPLEX RESIDENCE

509

SIDE BY SIDE FOURPLEX RESIDENCE

510

SINGLE FAMILY DETACHED RESIDENCE

511

MOBILE HOME COMPLEXES

512

MOBILE HOME PARK - DEMARCATION POINT AT THE PAD

513

MOBILE HOME ON PRIVATE PROPERTY

514

RECREATIONAL VEHICLE PARK

515

MARINA

516

TIDE CHANGES

Gangway

Float Seawall

200 - 300 mm Slack to allow

for tide

Calculate slack to allow for tide

Clamp Corflow to PVC

Clamp to Gangway

Rigid PVC

Conduit under dock

Corflow conduit

Clamp Corflow to PVC

Dock

517

DEMARCATION POINT TYPE A

518

DEMARCATION POINT TYPE B

519

DEMARCATION POINT TYPE C

520

DEMARCATION POINT TYPE D

521

DEMARCATION POINT TYPE D

522

UNIT 10BASIC INSTALLATION

AND REPAIR





MULTI-METERS

FAULT THEORY

COMPLETION TESTS

DEMARCATION

BILLING


523

APPLICATIONS

Customers may choose whom they would like to have install their inside wire.

This includes new home installs (pre-wires), additional lines to existing services, or any additional station work (e.g., add jacks, alarm jacks, etc.).

The work may be done by a TELUS person, a qualified private contractor or the customer.

524

TOPICS

• Billing

• Set Repair

• CPE/CPP Related Problems

• Inside Wiring

• Alarm Circuits.

525

CHARGES FOR WORK

COMPLETED FORM

526

BILLING

All service orders are now billed for any inside wire work completed by the installer.

Customer requested work with no order booked will also be billed by the installer.

527

BILLING

There are two situations where an installer will not need to bill:

• Where the customer chooses not to have inside wire work done by TELUS (i.e., dial tone, protector only)

• TELUS will jumper dial tone to customer-owned inside wire, provided CPE wire terminates inside the distribution box.

528

SET REPAIR

529

CPP/CPE PROBLEMS

Situations CPP and CPE equipment can present harm to the network. Immediate action may be required if: Electrical hazards exist A circuit imbalance causes degradation There is interference with network equipment Damage to TELUS equipment has occurred. The customer is responsible for disconnecting the equipment.

530

CPP/CPE PROBLEMS

Action Advise the customer to disconnect the CPP or CPE. If the customer refuses or is not home, TELUS may temporarily disconnect the customer’s service under the following conditions: The customer may be notified The customer must be given an opportunity to correct the situation that led to

the temporary disconnection The customer is to be informed of the right to complain to the CRTC.

531

CPP/CPE PROBLEMS

Unauthorized Equipment Have a Customer Service Representative check the customer’s equipment record. Contact your supervisor or the Service Centre supervisor.

532

INSIDE WIRING - DEMARCATION

533

INSIDE WIRE

Policy:

Installation of single-line inside wiring is the responsible of the customer.

The Company offers these services at competitive rates.

534

INSIDE WIRE

Demarcation Requirements:

A demarcation device is required to mark the dividing line between TELUS cable and customer owned or leased equipment.

With the “Standardization” of the Protection/Demarcation unit in both Alberta and BC, it has now become possible to have a “Pre-Assembled” NIB that will be available through Service Express in Alberta at this time.

535

ALARM CIRCUITS

Demarcation jacks are required for alarm circuit attachments.

If you encounter an alarm dialer directly connected to the telephone line, inform the customer that the offending connection will be removed and an appropriate TELUS jack placed; installation may have to be arranged.

Should the customer not approve, the dialer installation will be left intact. The alarm company must be contacted in order to make their connection.

Interruption of alarm service should be avoided.

536

FIELD BILLING GUIDE

This document is a quick reference guide to aid the field personnel when determining whether extra-ordinary billing should apply and what Labour and material charges apply beyond the demarcation point.

This document does not cover all policy, practices and products and for more details the TechNews bulletins should be reviewed.

537

REFERENCES

The following is a list of TOPPS Bulletin references to be used for billing issues.

3.10.2.1 – BC Inside Wiring Policy3.10.2.2 – BC Field Billing Guide3.10.2.3 – Damage to TELUS Property3.10.3.4 – Temporary Service Agreement3.10.3.5 – Drop and Protector Rearrangements3.10.3.6 – Customer Differentiation3.10.4.1 – Material Price List Procedures and Guidelines3.10.4.2 – AB-BC I&R Material Price List4.10.2.1.1 – Extraordinary Construction Charges

538

END

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