exact downhole pressure monitoring system

92
EDPMS EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM REVIEW BY DODY JUNIZED 3-JANUARY-09 ANALIST BY YOYON KURNIAWAN 4-JANUARY-09 STARLUCK

Upload: dody-junezed

Post on 15-Apr-2017

302 views

Category:

Technology


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EDPMSEXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE

MONITORING SYSTEMREVIEW

BY DODY JUNIZED 3-JANUARY-09

ANALIST BY YOYON KURNIAWAN

4-JANUARY-09

STARLUCK

Page 2: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EDPMS History EDPMS technology can be traced back to the use of Manometers/Bathometers starting as early as 1863. In 1903 a patent was found where ships use a device called a Bathometer to determine the sea floor depth. 1928 patent for apparatus for indicating the depths of liquids. 1957 Apparatus for determining static pressure in pumping wells 1969 Instrument for gauging liquid depth 1973 Original EDPMS patent from Sperry Sun

STARLUCK

Page 3: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Bathometer Patent 1863 & 1903

Page 4: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

• 1972 Initial EDPMS installations were installed in Texas by Sperry Sun for Shell and others.• 1975 Sperry Sun started running retrievable EPDMS’s.• 1981 Pruett Industries started running retrievable EDPMS’s in Geothermal wells • 1981 Pruett licensed EPDMS’s patent from Sperry Sun• 1983 Pruett started installations of EPDMS’s in offshore applications.• Sperry Sun and Pruett Industries were the only true competitors in this business.

EDPMS History STARLUCK

Page 5: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

1973 First commercial sale of EDPMS from Sperry Sun. Using a Chamber 1975 Method of Apparatus for measuring pressure related in a borehole. Using Gas and a Chamber Sperry Sun 1990 Patent for combining Temperature and EDPMS measurement. (Tube inside of tube only.) 1992 Same as above but the addition of DTS (Tube inside of tube only.)

EDPMS History STARLUCK

Page 6: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Sperry Sun & Star-luck Development•Pressure chamber•Continuous capillary tubing roll. No splices•Data logger at surface•Gas weight calculation to correct for true BHP•Use of helium gas •Expandable chambers•Retrievable systems•Concentric chambers Utilizing quartz pressure transducers•Development of an advanced Data Logger•Development of stronger .125” tubing specifically for EDPMS user •Surface instrumentation with data transmission•Automatic purge systems•Removable drum wireline units

Page 7: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

•An economic alternative method to electronic gauges for the monitor of down hole pressures

•Uses a gas filled capillary tube to convey bottom hole pressure to surface monitor •STARLUCK has applied this proven technology for 40 nearly years

What is EDPMS? STARLUCK

Page 8: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

No Electronics No Moving Parts

EPDMSEXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING

SYSTEM

Page 9: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Theory

GAS

PressureMonitoring Equipment

Pressure Chamber

Chamber Ports

Capillary Tubing

Pack-Off

Capillary tubing theory is based on a closed system

at the top and an open system on bottom. Such as

covering a straw and pushing down into fluidVery little fluid enters the straw and a force is exerted at the top of the

straw

Without a seal at the top, fluid enters to the same

height as outer fluid level and no force is exerted at the top

Page 10: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Theory

GAS

PressureMonitoring Equipment

Compressed Gas Pressure in System to

Monitor BHP

Well Bore Gas

Pressure

Well BoreFluid Pressure

+

=

Gas is bubbled over and the fluid level

inside the system is pushed to the bottom of the

chamber

After the gas has equalized with the

BHP, the injection of gas is stopped

Page 11: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Gas Movement Inside Chamber

When Pressure Drops To Lowest Point

Chamber Is Full Excess

Gas Escapes

When Pressure Increases

Fluid Rises In Chamber. Our Goals Is To Not Let Fluid Enter

the Capillary Tubing

Page 12: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Gas Correction

STARLUCK

Page 13: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Theory

GAS

PressureMonitoring Equipment

Gas Weightneeds to be corrected

for.This calculation uses

TVD and Temperature.

Gas correction example.Uncorrected BHP 1000 PSI

Weight of Gas 20 PSITrue BHP 1020 PSI

Page 14: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Gas Correction Factors• Gas weight will change with temperature and

pressure• Gas correction uses True Vertical Depth (TVD) of

the chamber not the Measured Depth (MD) • Helium is used whenever possible as the system

gas• Helium has a liner compressibility with

temperature and nitrogen does not.• Nitrogen is approximately 7 times the weight of

helium

STARLUCK

Page 15: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

PTS-DTS

Pwf = Pg + TVD * PHe(P,TDTS)

Pwf

TVD

Capillary Tube + FiberTubeTM

Surface Equipment

PHe

Pg

Page 16: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Gas Correction with and without DTS

• With DTS we can use real time temperature changes to correct for the weight of the gas column

• If no DTS system is used, we must use an average temperature to correct for the weight of the gas.– The average temperature can be derived from

previous surveys or by logging well with a temperature tool.

– The corrected pressure can be derived thought post processing of the raw data.

Page 17: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Gas Corrections Example Helium

This shows the difference if we corrected the pressure assuming an average temperature of 170 deg F but the actual temperature was 120 deg FTVD 9000 ft

Raw Pressure PSI

Average Temp Deg F

CorrectedPressure

Difference in PSI if not corrected for changing

temp500 170 518.3500 120 519.9 -1.6

1500 170 1552.11500 120 1556.4 -4.33000 170 3096.93000 120 3104.1 -7.2

Page 18: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Raw Pressure PSI

Average Temp Deg F

Corrected Pressure

Difference in PSI if not corrected for temp changing

500 170 649.7500 120 666 -16.3

1500 170 1962.61500 120 2022.8 -60.2

3000 170 3969.23000 120 4132.1 -162.9

Gas Corrections Example Nitrogen

This shows the difference if we corrected the pressure assuming an average temperature of 170 deg F but the actual temperature was 120 deg FTVD 9000 ft

Page 19: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Response Times

STARLUCK

Page 20: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Gas Correction ProgramChamber Depth 20,000 ft.Well Depth 20,500 ft.TVD Well Depth 20500 ft.Surface Pressure 1,500 psi

Corrected BHP 1598.6 psiFluid Corr. BHP 1598.9 psi

Outer Pipe ID 3.75 in.Inner Pipe OD 3.5 in.Length 24 ft.Top of Chamber 19976 ft. GeothDepth 1 0 ftChamber Relative ID 1.3462912 in. GeothDepth 2 20200 ftChamber Volume 409.977841 cu. Inches GeothTemp 1 70 deg F

GeothTemp 2 350 deg FPurge Fluid 1 1=Helium, 2=Nitrogen GeothGrad 0.013861 deg F/ftFluid Intake Gradient 0.1 psi/ft

Flowing Grad 0.0035 deg F/ftAvg Prod Entry 20000 ft-MD

Tubing OD 0.125 in. Prod Entry TVD 20000 ftWall thickness 0.0355 in. Prod Temp 347.2277 deg FTubing ID 0.054 in.Fiberrod, Fiber or Internal Tube O.D. 0 in. Well Depth 20500Effective remaining ID (with something in ID) 0.054 in. Kick-off Point 0 0.5Total tubing Volume 548.993467 cu. Inches Build Angle 0 Deg/100 ft MD

Hold Angle 40 DegMD Interval 150 ft.

Average Temp Calculated 300

300

Deviation Survey Parameters

Well Parameters

Chamber Configuration

Capillary Tubing

Geothermal Gradient

Flowing Temp Gradient

"Press"Set Current Pressure as Minimum

STARLUCK

Page 21: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Response Times

• Larger I.D tubing has a faster response time• The longer the tube the slower the response

time• Tubing size needs to be based on the customers

requirements for the application. If the customer needs a fast response time then a larger I.D tube should be installed…. If possible based on pressure changes and chamber size.

STARLUCK

Page 22: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Response Times STARLUCK

Page 23: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

1/8” Tubing Response Test

TUBING DELAY TEST

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

16:48:00 18:00:00 19:12:00 20:24:00 21:36:00 22:48:00

TIME

PRES

SUR

E (P

SIA

)

DownholeSurface w/13,800 ftSurface w/6,000 ft

STARLUCK

Page 24: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

1/8” Tubing Response TestLow Pressure --- Increasing

TUBING DELAY TESTIncrease Step 1

500

700

900

1100

1300

1500

19:01:55 19:09:07 19:16:19 19:23:31 19:30:43

TIME

PRES

SUR

E (P

SIA

)

DownholeSurface w/13,800 ftSurface w/6,000 ft

STARLUCK

Page 25: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

1/8” Tubing Response TestMedium Pressure --- Increasing

TUBING DELAY TESTIncrease Step 3

2400

2600

2800

3000

3200

3400

3600

20:05:17 20:08:10 20:11:02 20:13:55 20:16:48 20:19:41 20:22:34

TIME

PRES

SUR

E (P

SIA

)

DownholeSurface w/13,800 ftSurface w/6,000 ft

STARLUCK

Page 26: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

1/8” Tubing Response TestMedium Pressure --- Decreasing

TUBING DELAY TESTDecrease Step 1

2300

2500

2700

2900

3100

3300

3500

3700

3900

20:31:55 20:32:38 20:33:22 20:34:05 20:34:48 20:35:31 20:36:14 20:36:58

TIME

PRES

SUR

E (P

SIA

)

DownholeSurface w/13,800 ftSurface w/6,000 ft

STARLUCK

Page 27: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

1/8” Tubing Response TestLow Pressure --- Decreasing

TUBING DELAY TESTDecrease Step 3

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

20:52:48 20:53:31 20:54:14 20:54:58 20:55:41 20:56:24 20:57:07 20:57:50 20:58:34

TIME

PRES

SUR

E (P

SIA

)

DownholeSurface w/13,800 ftSurface w/6,000 ft

STARLUCK

Page 28: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Type of Test Typical Suitable Tubing

Seconds .152” I.D. Minutes .152” & .069 I.D. Hours .152”, .069, & .054” I.D.

0 60 1209030 150 10 0 0 0 6 1293 15 18 21 24 0 6 1293 15 18 21

2500

2500

2500

2500

2500

2500

2500

2500

2250

2000

1750

1250

1250

1000

1000

2500

2250

2000

1750

1500

1250

1000

STARLUCK

Page 29: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Break 10 Minutes

Page 30: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Tubing Advantages

• Standard .125” tubing with .054” I.D– Less chamber volume– Easier to protect– Less gas required– Flow rate through the smaller I.D for safety reasons

• Standard .250” Tubing– Faster Response times– Availability– Less chance of plugging

STARLUCK

Page 31: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

System Accuracy

STARLUCK

Page 32: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

System Accuracy• System accuracy is based on correction of gas weight, transducer

accuracy and the fluid level change in the chamber.

• Gas weight calculations are as accurate as we are to knowing the average temperature.

• Transducer accuracy is based on the type of transducer that is installed.

• System resolution in general is .02 to .05 PSI

STARLUCK

Page 33: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

• Quartz Transducer.– Manufacture: Quartzdyne– Accuracy of ± 0.015%FS to 0.02%FS– Resolution of 0.01 psi– Drift

• At surface temperatures (< 85°C) .001 % FS/yr• 150 to 200 C ,02% FS/yr

• Strain Gauge– Manufacture: Druck– Accuracy of ± 0.04% FS– Combined Non-linearity, Hysteresis and Repeatability: +0.04

Best Straight Line (BSL) (option A)– Stability: 0.1% F.S./annum

System Accuracy STARLUCK

Page 34: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EPDMS Advantages

Between 1987 and 1993, 251 electronic systems were installed in the North Sea

15% failed shortly after installation30-40% failed within 2 years

Typical causes are attributed to downhole cable splices, connectors and electronic failures

STARLUCK

Page 35: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EPDMS Advantages• No Down hole Electronics

– All down hole components are free of electronic parts nothing to get damaged after installation

• Suitable for Harsh Environments– Temp > 800F– Corrosives well conditions– Vibration resistant

• Check System Integrity From Surface– Transducers and data recording devices can be checked from surface

without well intervention– Chamber integrity can be checked without system retrieval

• Flexible– System can be installed in many configurations– System can be installed with DTS options

STARLUCK

Page 36: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EPDMS Advantages• Accurate

– Quartz/Strain Pressure Gauge– Correction of helium gas column either in real time or

post processing• Rugged

– The parts can be installed, removed and reran into same or other wells– Long track record

• Easy to Install and Maintain– The system can be installed and maintained by non engineered personnel

• Wellhead Penetration Simplicity– Wellhead exits use standard fittings– Most wellhead companies already have designs for control line exits– Wellhead penetration is economic

STARLUCK

Page 37: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EPDMS Advantages

• Splices and Connections– Splices are done quick and easy with tube to tube unions– Connections are none electronic and only require ferrule

type fittings

• Economic Pricing– Systems typically run 50% to 75% of typical EDHG systems

STARLUCK

Page 38: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EPDMS Limitations

• Response time• Deep low pressure installations (Purging)• Chamber dimensions in some wellbores• Safety issues (BHP to surface)• Overcoming the low tech syndrome• Retrievable installation depth limitation

STARLUCK

Page 39: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Pressure Chambers

STARLUCK

Page 40: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Pressure Chambers• What is a Pressure Chamber

– The downhole chamber provides a volumetric area calculated to cover an expected pressure range to prevent well bore fluids from entering the capillary or small diameter tubing

VC=(PMAX´VT )PMIN

é

ë ê

ù

û ú VT

STARLUCK

Page 41: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Chamber Design• Chamber design is a function of the following:

– Installation Type (Retrievable, Extended, Permanent)– Wellbore completion design– Minimum and maximum wellbore pressure

(Required Chamber Volume)– Size of capillary tubing being installed– Pressure requirements for tubing or casing string– Completion tubing or casing connections– Metallurgy– Location of pressure reading (Internal or External)– Certifications

STARLUCK

Page 42: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Chamber Design• Installation Type

– Extended • Tubing Conveyed in which the tubing can be

retrieved.– Permanent

• Casing conveyed and cemented in place– Retrievable

• Ran like slickline, wireline

STARLUCK

Page 43: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Pressure Monitoring

Device

Pressure Monitoring

Device

Chamber Installation Examples STARLUCK

Page 44: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Extended Design STARLUCK

Page 45: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing

External Sensing

Ports are on the outside pipe of the chamber

Extended Chamber Design External Sensing STARLUCK

Page 46: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing

Extended Chamber Design Internal Sensing

Internal Sensing

Ports are on the inside tubing of the chamber

STARLUCK

Page 47: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Expandable Chamber System

STARLUCK

Page 48: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Retrievable Chamber Assembly

Page 49: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing

Permanent Chamber Design Blow Out Darts

Blow Out Darts

After the well has been cemented, the darts are blow out and communication is established

Page 50: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing

Extended Design With Rupture Disk

Rupture Disk

A rupture disk it installed so the chamber pressure is not communicated to the capillary tubing.

This is used when a large I.D tubing is installed with high pressure.

STARLUCK

Page 51: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Chamber Design• Wellbore completion design issues

– Required location of pressure point or points.• Sensing location:

On an extended installation, do you need to monitor pressure on the Inside of the chamber (Internal sensing) or the outside of the chamber (external sensing)

– Casing and or liner sizes vs. chamber size• Will my chamber fit

– Consider what tubes or cables need to pass by the chamber. – Can I wash and fish over the chamber– Do in need to install an expandable chamber

» Expandable chambers can only be ran where the well flow path does not have to go through the chamber.

STARLUCK

Page 52: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Chamber Design

• Minimum and Maximum Wellbore Pressures– This will determine the amount of chamber volume

that is required.• This is based on the lowest vs. the highest pressure that

the chamber will see.• The angle of the Chamber is also a factor in chamber

design. • We always want to have the largest chamber

that will fit into the wellbore.

STARLUCK

Page 53: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Required Chamber Volume For Standard Size CapillaryTube Length: 5,000 ft.

Pressure Range: 1,000 to 5,000 psi

.250” x .152” I.D.Requires 4,354 Cubic Inches

.125” x .069” I.D.Requires 896 Cubic Inches

.125” x .054” I.D.Requires 454 Cubic Inches

.094” x .030” I.D.Requires 169 Cubic Inches

13.6” DiameterX

30” High

Page 54: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Chamber Design Program

Application

Page 55: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Pressure Requirements for Chamber

• Pressure rating for chamber– This is based on customer requirements for

tubing or casing (Pipe Specifications)– External or Internal sensing will also be a

factor in chamber design. – Collapse and burst ratings must exceed

expected conditions

Page 56: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Internal Sensing Pressure Rating

15K

8K

•Reservoir Pressure 15 KPSI•Annulus Pressure at Chamber 8 KPSI• Fluid weight + pressure

•Delta P = 7 KPSI•Outside chamber pipe must be rated for Delta P pressure. •The chamber weld procedure and materials must also be rated for maximum Delta P

Page 57: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Connections for Chamber• Connections for the pressure chamber should be the same

as the production tubing or casing you are connection to. • In some cased we will have the customer supply the pipe to

build the chamber due to premium connection availability – Fox– MVAM– Etc

• Connection O.D factor with outside pipe– The O.D of the connection must be smaller then the I.D

of the outside pipe used for the chamber. For Mfg Purposes

STARLUCK

Page 58: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Tubing Connections for Chamber

• Capillary tubing connections– HIP fittings– Soldered in tubing for

slim chambers – NPT threads for

rupture disk applications

Page 59: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Metallurgy for Chamber

• Metallurgy should match tubing and or casing being installed into the well– Once again we may ask customer to supply the

pipe due to the availability of this material• Chamber subs may also need to be changed

based on welding procedures.

STARLUCK

Page 60: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Certifications for Chamber

• Depending on installation and customer, all materials may need to be tracked and all building procedures are documented

• Pressure testing documentation is required.

STARLUCK

Page 61: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Break 10 Minutes

STARLUCK

Page 62: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

System Checks

STARLUCK

Page 63: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

System Checks

• Chamber check– This check is intended to ensure that the

pressure point is inside of the chamber.

STARLUCK

Page 64: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

System Check

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Time (Hrs)

PSIA

First system Check

SecondSystem Check

Starting of pump

Rate Change on Pump

Pump is shut off1st indication of

problemSystem is purged

System Check Data STARLUCK

Page 65: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

System Check Data

System Check

150155160165170175180185190195200205210215

315 315.1 315.2 315.3 315.4 315.5 315.6 315.7Time (Hrs)

PSIA

Wellbore Pressure

Chamber CheckAir Bleed

Stabilized Pressure

Disconnect to purge

Stabilization after purge

Return to proper

pressure

STARLUCK

Page 66: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

System Check Data

System Check

3035404550556065707580859095

100

337.6 337.65 337.7 337.75 337.8 337.85 337.9 337.95 338Time (Hrs)

PSIA

Wellbore Pressure

Chamber Check 15 ft of Captubing

Stabilized PressureDisconnect to

purge

Stabilization after purge

Return to proper

pressure

STARLUCK

Page 67: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Surface Electronics Check

• Transducers can be checked in the lab or sent back to MFG

• Additional transducer can be installed to check accuracy

• Same applies to Data Loggers

STARLUCK

Page 68: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Installation Options

STARLUCK

Page 69: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EPDMS has been installed in almost every type of well

• Oil Wells• Gas Wells• Pumping Wells• Gas Storage

Wells

• Steamflood Wells

• Geothermal Wells

• Waste Disposal Wells

• EPDMS is usually installed as a permanent completion but can also be suspended for temporary application

STARLUCK

Page 70: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Installation Options

• Extended (Tubing Retrievable)– These installations are installed when long term

pressure monitoring is required but the customer wants the ability to retrieve the system if needed

– This option is also required when down the tubing type well intervention is needed such as running logs or doing wireline work.

– If the well has already exist, it is not possible to do a permanent installations (cemented in place)

STARLUCK

Page 71: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Extended Pressure SystemAbove Packer

Pressure Chamber4615 m

Inside Sensing3.5” X 5”

30"

20"

13 3/8"

9 5/8"

B.L. 5"

7"

198 m

825 m

1894 m

4175 m

4632 m

4837 m

PT.5231 m

PI. 5200 m

5" 5230 m

BL 7"3952.6 m

Tp 3 1/2"

4340 - 4355 m KS

5100 - 5120 m JSK

Cople de cemento multiple 1886 m

4475 - 4515 m KM

Emp. 7“ Backer 4625 m

Empacador S-6 4635.5 m

Combinación 7"x7 5/8” 1999.5 m

20 ¾” x 13 5/8”x 11”x 7 1/16”(15M) x 3 1/2” (10M)

VT +/- 150 m

Tp 31/2"

INTERVALOS OBTURADOS

5055 - 5080 mINTERVALO AMPLIADO

PressureTubing 125” O.D

Page 72: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Extended Pressure SystemBelow Packer

20"

13 3/8"

9 5/8"

7"

5"

5234.7 m

5336 m

5602 m

B.L.5"

P.I. 5502 m

5090 - 5115 m.

5050 – 5075 m

JSK

INTERVALOS OBTURADOS

BL 7" 4550 m

P.T. 5603 m

5482 –5500 m

EMPACADOR 7” 5200 m

30" 198 m

999 m

3363 m

Tp 4 1/2"

VT +/- 150 m

20 ¾”x13 5/8”x11”x7 1/16”x 3 ½” EPN NUEVOTp 3 1/2"

Pressure Chamber 5500 m

Capillary Tubing.125” O.D

5475 –5482 m

5"

P.T. 5603 m

5602 m

P.I. 5502 m

External Sensing Pressure Chamber

.125” Pressure Tubing on O.D of 2.375” Tubing

Bottom View of the Wellbore

EMPACADOR 7”

5475 –5482 m

Page 73: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Installation Options

• Retrievable (Wireline type installations)– These installations are mostly installed when the data

is desired for short term durations.– Surveys

• Dip-ins• Build-ups• Draw downs

– Can also be installed for long term testing

STARLUCK

Page 74: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Retrievable Installation

1345 HRS83.73 KG/CM

1445 HRS83.90 KG/CM

STARLUCK

Page 75: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Installation Options

• Permanent (Cemented in place)– These installations are installed in new or re-

completed wells– Installations are cemented in place and use blow out

dart chamber.– Installations are non intrusive in future well work.– Only a few installations have been performed.

STARLUCK

Page 76: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Extra Heavy Duty Tubing Protectors

.125” Tubing

Pressure Chamber with Blow Out Darts5 ½” X 7”

Permanent Pressure Installation

Page 77: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

Page 78: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

• Possible Failure - Crushed or Ripped Capillary tubing on trip in hole.– Probability of Occurrence - < 1% of trips in

hole.– Worst Case Scenario – Problem identified on

trip in hole by purging, chamber check and continuous pressure monitoring methods.

• Solution - Well equipment is pulled back out of hole until bad spot is found. Decision is made to pull equipment entirely or perform a high pressure splice of capillary tubing allowing continued running of well equipment.

STARLUCK

Page 79: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

• Possible Failure - Hole develops in Capillary tubing or volume chamber due to corrosion.– Probability of Occurrence - Less likely than

hole in tubing. – Worst Case Scenario – Gas well, over-

pressured producing zone, leak near top of well.

• Result – Annulus fills with gas to the depth of the leak. Pressure at casing head equals FBHP @ chamber minus the gas column hydrostatic. Annulus pressure above packer equals casing head pressure plus fluid and gas column weight.

STARLUCK

Page 80: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

– Example:• 15,000 ft well, 10,000 psi reservoir pressure.• Res. Temp = 325 oF, Avg. Flowing Temp = 250 oF• FBHP = 8000 psi, FWHP = 1500 psi.• Volume chamber @ 14,500’• Leak @ 100 ft.

– Calculations (based on methane):• Wellhead annulus pressure

– Flowing ~ 6700 psi (differential ~5200 psi).– Shut-in ~ 8500 psi (differential ~ 0 psi).

• Annulus pressure just below Volume chamber – Flowing ~ 13,000 psi (differential ~ 5000 psi).– Shut-in ~ 14, 700 psi (differential ~ 4700 psi).

• Possible Failure - Hole develops in Capillary tubing or volume chamber due to corrosion.

STARLUCK

Page 81: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

• Risk Mitigation– Tubing and casing designs should

handle added pressure differentials.– Wellhead annulus bleed-off designs

should be in place.

• Possible Failure - Hole develops in Capillary tubing or volume chamber due to corrosion.

STARLUCK

Page 82: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

• Possible Failure - Well destroyed at sea-floor due to surface disaster.– Probability of Occurrence - Very unlikely but possible.– Worst Case Scenario – Capillary tubing is parted at

sea-floor with a reduced diameter opening allowing reservoir fluids to flow to sea-floor.

• Oil Reservoirs –Friction loss of liquid flow and probability of plugging limit liquid volume reaching sea-floor.

• Gas Reservoirs – Production rates of gas are limited by sonic velocity of gas and extremely small capacity of Capillary tubing. Gas pressure is limiting factor of flow rate.

STARLUCK

Page 83: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

• Example:– 15,000 ft well, 10,000 psi reservoir pressure.– Res. Temp = 325 oF, Avg. Flowing Temp = 300 oF– Volume chamber @ 14,500’– Water Depth 500 ft.– No loss in diameter of Capillary tubing.

• Oil Reservoir– Flow rate ~ 0.06 gal/min

• Delta Pressure ~ 9800 psi• Based on flow equations.

• Gas Reservoir– Flow rate (max.) ~ 350 scf/min– Based on:

• Sonic Velocity ~ 1765 ft/sec (methane)• Volume of 1765 ft of 1/8”, 0.054” ID Capillary tubing ~ 0.21 gals• Avg pressure (last 1765 ft) ~ 5000 psi.

• Possible Failure - Well destroyed at sea-floor due to surface problems.

STARLUCK

Page 84: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

• Risk Mitigation– Not necessary for liquid production due to

extremely low worst case liquid flow rates.– If potential gas flow rates exceed regulation

for re-entry of well, install Capillary tubing sub-surface safety valve to prevent flow if disaster occurs.

• Possible Failure - Well destroyed at sea-floor due to surface problems.

STARLUCK

Page 85: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Capillary Tubing Pressure SystemRisk Assessment

• Possible Failure – Pressure Capillary tubing is broken on surface.– Probability of Occurrence - More likely than any

other failure, but still extremely low probability.– Worst Case Scenario – Capillary tubing breaks

due to equipment falling on it. Gas well with very high reservoir pressure. Gas has high H2S content.

– Risk Mitigation• Same procedures that exist for flow line damage.

– Block valve installed on Pressure Capillary tubing where it exists the wellhead.

– Monitoring equipment w/ alarms should be located around wellheads.

– Safety procedures in place to allow shutting of valve under H2S gas conditions.

STARLUCK

Page 86: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Data Collection

Page 87: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Data Collection

• Data loggers– Halliburton Data Logger– New Data logger Development– Additional devices can also be monitored

with this device• Pressure• Flow• Temp T/C• Delta meters

STARLUCK

Page 88: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Data Monitoring Equipment

Page 89: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Data Collection

• Power consumption– Current data loggers are low power and only

require a 12 V power supply and solar chargers.

– AC to DC converters are also used.

STARLUCK

Page 90: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Data Collection

• SCADA– Transducers can be converted to interface

with customers SCADA systems• 4-20 mA• 0-5 Volts• Other

STARLUCK

Page 91: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Data Collection

• Tie-in to pump controllers– Transducers can be tied in to POC and

the pump can be regulated by BHP

STARLUCK

Page 92: EXACT DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM

EndTerimakasih

By Dody Junized02-01-2010

EPDMSEXACT DOWNHOLE

PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEMREVIEW