Exam  #1  Review  

Art  108:    Ancient  to  Medieval  Westchester  Community  College  Fall  2012  

Study  Skills  Slide  Lists:    these  are  the  images  you  are  responsible  for  knowing  

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Study  Skills   Period/Civiliza4on   Works  

Paleolithic  

Neolithic  

Sumerian  

Akkadian  

Neo-­‐Sumerian  

Babylonian  

Assyrian  

Persian  

EgypLan  –  Old  Kingdom  

EgypLan  New  Kingdom  

Periods:    create  “families”  of  objects  

Study  Skills  

Period/Civiliza4on   Works  

Paleolithic   Venus  of  Willendorf,  Venus  of  Hohe  Fels,  Lascaux  cave  

Neolithic   Human  Figure  from  Ain  Ghazal.  Deer  Hunt  mural,  Çatal  Höyük,  Stonehenge  

Sumerian   Warka  Vase,  VoLve  Statues,  White  Temple  (Ziggurat),  Royal  Standard  of  Ur  

Akkadian   Head  of  an  Akkadian  Ruler,  Stele  of  Naram-­‐Sin  

Neo-­‐Sumerian   Seated  Statue  of  Gudea,  Ziggurat  of  Ur  

Babylonian   Stele  with  Law  Code  of  Hammurabi  

Assyrian   Citadel  of  Sargon  II,  Lamassu,  Assurnarsirpal  HunLng  Lions  

Persian   Persepolis,  Apadana  Relief  (Persian  Emperor  Receiving  Tribute)  

EgypLan  –  Old  Kingdom   Palece  of  Narmer,  Funerary  Complex  of  King  Djoser,  Great  Pyramids  at  Giza,  Great  Sphinx,  Khafre,  Menkaure,  Book  of  the  Dead,  Offering  Scenes,  Ti  Hippopotamus  HunLng,  Ka  Statues  of  Non-­‐Royals  

EgypLan  New  Kingdom   Hatshepsut,  EgypLan  Pylon  Temple,  Abu  Simbel,  Akhenaten,  King  Tut  

Periods:    create  “families”  of  objects  

Study  Skills  

Period/Civiliza4on   Works  

Paleolithic   Animals  and  women;  small  and  portable;  profile  view  and  twisted-­‐perspecLve;  silhouece  and  contour;  SympatheLc  Magic  

Neolithic   Large-­‐scale  sculpture/architecture;  HunLng  scenes  now  includes  men  and  tells  story;  Post  and  Lintel  architecture  

Sumerian   Religion  is  dominant;  Ziggurats  reflect  hierarchy;  VoLve  statues  pray  perpetually  to  gods;  beginning  of  narraLve  art  (register  format);  cartoon-­‐like  figures;    

Akkadian   First  divine  kingship;  art  becomes  more  naturalisLc,  focused  on  the  king;  idealism  –  divine  glamour  

Neo-­‐Sumerian   Gudea  –  return  to  humble  servant  of  gods;  short,  squat,  humble  

Babylonian   Hammurabi  –  first  law  code;  law  comes  from  god  

Assyrian   MilitarisLc;  palaces  decorated  to  inLmidate;  Lamassu  =  guard  dogs;  reliefs  depict  king  kicking  buc  

Persian   Largest  empire;  huge  palace;  endless  scenes  of  dignitaries  paying  tribute  to  king  

Create  “families”  of  characterisLcs  

Study  Skills  

Period/Civiliza4on   Works  

EgypLan  –  Old  Kingdom   All  art  focused  on  akerlife;  “Lme  stands  sLll”;  hard  stone;  EgypLan  canon  of  proporLons:    geometric  quality;  Statues  are  rigidly  frontal;  reliefs  are  2D  –  composite  pose  and  verLcal  perspecLve;  Pharaohs  are  “forever  young;”  Non-­‐royals  more  realisLc;  Pharaohs  buried  in  pyramids;  non-­‐royals  buried  in  mastabas;  False  door  leads  to  serdab  with  Ka  statues;  imagery  depicts  offerings  for  the  deceased  of  food  and  drink    

EgypLan  New  Kingdom   Royal  burials  now  hidden;  shik  from  building  of  tombs  to  building  of  Temples;  EgypLan  Pylon  Temple  –  axial  design;  gets  smaller  (hierarchical);  Hypostyle  Hall;  colossal  scale  (Ramses).    Amarna  period  –  Akhenaten  and  Monotheism;  art  style  changes  –  more  fluid,  with  movement;  naturalisLc  and  relaxed,  though  strange  distorLons;  everyday  life  of  royal  family;  King  Tut  –  only  royal  tomb  intact;  tomb  objects  in  Amarna  style  (successor  of  Akhenaten)  

Create  “families”  of  characterisLcs  

Study  Skills  Pay  acenLon  to  vocabulary  terms!  

Vocabulary  Register  format   Single  groundline   Composite  pose   Overlapping  

Hierarchic  scale   Abstract   Naturalism   Idealism  

Proskynesis   Cuneiform   Hieroglyph   EgypLan  Canon  of  ProporLons  

Mastaba   Ka   False  door   Horus  

Osiris   EgypLan  acributes  of  Kingship  

Axial  design   Mortuary  Temple  

Pylon   Hypostyle  Hall   Amarna  Heresy   Monotheism  

Study  Skills  Know  important  gods  and  goddesses,  and  their  acributes  

Important   People  Inanna   FerLlity  goddess;  

horned  crown  Anubis   God  of  dead;  

Jackal  

Shamash   Horned  crown;  flames,  seated  on  mountain  

Amun   New  kingdom  god;  ram’s  head  and  plumes  

Horus   Falcon;  god  of  sky   Aten   Sun  disc  

Osiris   Crook  and  Flair;  Pharaoh  of  the  underworld  

Hathor   Moon  goddess;  cow  

Study  Skills  Know  people  of  importance   Important   People  

Sargon  I   Naram-­‐Sin   Gudea   Hammurabi  

Narmer   Imhotep   Hatshepsut   Senmut  

Ramses  II   Akhenaten   NeferLL