EXPLAIN HOW GLOBALIZATION MAY LEAD TO INSECURITY AND CONFLICT BASED ON

NATIONALISM

210064 MUHAMAD AKMAL BIN MAZLAN 210044 WAN AYUNI BINTI WAN SALIM

DIS3153 GLOBALIZATION AND SECURITY

Jelaskan bagaimana globalisasi boleh mengancam keselamatan dan mencetus konflik berasaskan

nasionalisme.

References:

• John Baylis, Steve Smith, Patricia Owen, The Globalization of World Politics, An Introduction to International relations 4th Ed, (Oxford University Press,2008) US.

• Gerendi Hendrastomo, Nasionalisme VS Globalisasi, http://staff.uny.ac.id/sites/default/files/132318574/nasionalisme.pdf

• Emmanouli Tsatsanis, Global Insecurities and Nationalism in Advanced Industrialized Societies, Sophia University Institute of Comparative Culture Working paper Series, Sep 2009, http://icc.fla.sophia.ac.jp/other_pages_pdfs/TSATSANIS_0909.pdf

•

Scope :• Introduction

GlobalizationNationalism

• How does conflict and insecurity among society exist based on nationalism?

• How globalization linked to nationalism and lead to conflict and insecurity ?

• Conclusion

Globalization

• Croucher (2004) defined

a cluster of related changes in economics, technology, culture, and politics that further global interconnectedness. These changes include expanding and intensifying trade and investment, the central role of multinational corporations (MNCs) in organizing global production and financial transactions, increasing technological sophistication, the rapid and extensive flow of cultural goods, and multilayered governance.

Cont.

• Blum (2007)as accelerated and intensified flows of capital,

people, goods, information, and ideas.

geographical component to his definition by characterizing globalization as greater penetration across nation-state borders

leading to deterritorialization and the growing irrelevance of physical and national borders

Pattern of contemporary globalization:

In term of Cultural : Involves a complex mix of homogenization and inceased heterogeneity given the global diffusion of popular culture, global media corporations, communications networks, etc., simultaneously with the reassertion of nationalism, ethnicity, and difference.

Nationalism

Snyder (2000)

• “a degree of political self-consciousness that manifests itself as widespread support for or mobilization in pursuit of a state.”

Gellner (1983)

• nationalism as the doctrine that the political unit (the state) and the cultural unit (the nation) should be congruent

Croucher (2004)

• “the doctrine that a people who see themselves as distinct in their culture, history, institutions, or principles

• should rule themselves in a political system that expresses and protects those distinctive characteristics.”

Element of Nationalism • Shared belief and a way of life create a common bond Culture •A shared past connect s peoples as a group History •A common religion helps unite peopleReligion

Language

Territory

•A common language is a key element of nationalism

•A shared land gives people a sense of unity

How does conflict and insecurity among society exist based on

Nationalism?

• Nationalism manifested itself in an era of inter-state competition, the collapse of boundaries, economic expansion, mass migration, general insecurity, political centralization, obsessive law-making, societal policing, and drastic militarization, finally leading to war.

• ethnic or religious strife, civil society promote ideologies based on racism, nationalism and intolerance, thus exacerbating communal divisions, enemy images and exclusive identities

• provide the rationale and moral justification for violence, partake and support violent actions, or contribute through discourse to the overall securitization of the conflict

How globalization linked to nationalism and lead to conflict and insecurity ?

• Globalization also emerged the new form of nationalism which was opens up the global culture, revolution of the technologies and information and the movement of human right, cultural recognition that ask for constitutional change.

• Globalization changes the cognitive of the society.

• Globalization promotes the emergence of supranational or universal identities, the construction of plural identities.

• globalization destroyed national boundaries by superimposing a plethora of supra-national and corporate networks , including mafias, organized crime, and multi-national corporations(MNCs), none of which are as easily identifiable on a political map as ‘sovereign’ countries still are.

• Globalization use as a tool to manipulated by modern political elites in order to secure power in the state.

• Nationalism as Westernization• The expansion of nationalism throughout the globe

is hence the spreading out of a Western idea.• global jihad’ is a reaction against Americanizing

globalization.• But, they are really a challenge to globalization.• Eg. Al-Qaeda relied on globalization in the form of

the global banking and communication system to promote its objectives and to rally support for a transnational cause.

• the most violent fringes of radical Islam have been identified as an aspect of Westernizing modernity (Gray 2003).

• Mass migration and global terrorism it is likely for xenophobia( irrational or unreasoned fear) to increase

Conclusion• There are a lot of existing threats globalization

poses towards nationalism • Globalization make the sentiment or

information easier to deliver because it increased global interconnectedness

• In a globalized world with lots of different cultural influences nationalists might feel overwhelmed