ExploringtheNeurobiologyofMind-Body-SpiritUnity

StaceyPierce-TalsmaDO,MS,RYT-500,FNAOMETouroUniversityCaliforniaCollegeofOsteopathicMedicine

Mind-Body-SpiritUnit

“Thereisoneadditionthatisindispensabletocontrolthisactive

body,ormachine,andthatisthemind.Withthatadded,thewholemachinerythenworksasman.Thethree,when

unitedinfullaction,areabletoexhibitthethingdesired-complete”

A.T.StillDO

Ouremotionsandstressesbecomethefabricofourphysiology

Ourthoughtsandfeelingsbecomechemicalsandhormones

Ourfearsneuralimpulsesreachingouttoallareasofourbody

MoodEffectsonInpatientOutcomes

• 73%riskofbeingreadmitted• twofoldincreaseriskofdeath• Heartfailurepatientswithmoreadverseprognosis• Longerlengthofstay• Morefalls• Predictorofmortalityindialysispatients

MoodEffectsonOutpatientHealth

DepressionandAnxiety

•Strongestpredictorofdeclineinhealthstatus

•COPDpatients-worseQOLandincreased3yrmortality

•DM-increasedriskofmortality,increasedriskofmicro/macrovascularcomplications

•Increasedriskofstroke,MIandcardiacdeath

•Increasedriskofall-causemortality

•Severementaldisordersexperiencea10-20yearlifeexpectancyreduction

Mechanisms

• healthbehaviors• nonadherencetotreatmentplans• Alterationsinphysiology• heightenedSNSactivity• Increasedinflammationandhypercoagulability• Endothelialdysfunction

STRESSPrimaryStressHormones(HPA

Axis)

DisregulationofBiologicalPathways(insulin,glucose,lipids,neurotransmitters)

Impacttoallmajorsystems(organs,tissues,cells,DNA)

Trauma• Alteredchemical&hormonalnetworks,nervefiringpatternsandprocessingofsensoryinformation• pre-verbal• Functionchanges:

• DLPFC• hippocampus• Thalamus• Amygdala• MPFC• Insula

Shifttreatmenttofocuson

strategiesthatbringregionsofthebrainback

on-line

Still Senses•5senses

•Chemicalandelectricalsignalsleadingtoalertness,fear,danger,comfort,security,love

•Oursensesarelinkedtomultiplepathways•Smell•Hearing•Touch

•Oxytocin

Vagus nerve• 80%Afferent

• Interconnectedwithpathwaysthataffectmood,memoryandsenseofself

• VagalNerveStimulation

• Polyvagaltheory• Autonomicnervoussystemintegratedvianeuralcircuitstostriatedmusclesofthefaceandhead• Socialengagementsystem• Neuroception

Movement

Howcanwealterourneurobiology?Processtrauma?

Improveresilienceanddecreasestress?

Exercise

• Depression-neurobiologicalchangesinthemonoaminesystem,HPAaxis,neurogenesisandneuroimmunesystem

•Monoamines• EndogenousOpioids,serotonin,NE,EPI,dopamine

• IncreaseGrowth(Neurotrophicfactors)• VEGF,BDNF,GDNF

• PreventDegeneration(Neuroprotective)• Serotonin,Kynureninepathway,Inflammation(cortisol&immunefunction),oxidativestress

• ComplexNeuroCircuitry• multisynapticcircuitstomovement,cognitionandadrenalmedulla

• Neuroplasticity• exerciseleadstobloodflow,trophicfactors,immunefunction

MindfulMovement• WindowofTolerance

• Howyoushowuponyourmatishowyoushowupinlife

• DefaultModeNetwork

• ChallengeVs.Threat

• “TheAsanabeginsthemomentyouwanttocomeoutofit”B.K.SIyengar

PowerPoses• “Whereourbodieslead,ourmindsandemotionswillfollow”

• Slumpedvs.uprightposture• Confidence,selfesteem,mood,productivity,memory,painperception

• Proprioceptive,interoceptive,vagal

• Canpostureeffectnotonlyourmusculoskeletalhealthandemotions-butdecreaseourstressresponse

Meditation•Disrupts

• stresspathways• automaticreactionsandpatterns

• Focusedattention• strengthenneurologicpathways

BrainStructural&FunctionalChanges

• Thickercortices• diminishedagerelatedatrophy• Increasedgyrification• Largerprefrontalcortex,insula,hippocampusandcingulatecortex• Smalleramygdala• Areasofmoodregulation,responsecontrol,learningandmemory

Mindful,stabilizedattentioncreatesstrongerpathwaystoourself,identityandconsciousness

• TopDownApproach• Consciousness

• BottomUpApproach• Interception• Physiologicsafety

• Neuroplasticity

Telomere-TTAGGG

Breath“Whatwecall“I”isjustaswinging

door,whichmoveswhenweinhaleandwhen

weexhale”

~SHENRYUSUZUKI

WithineachbreathisaStillpoint

DysfunctionalRespiration

• mouthbreathing• hyperventilation

• alteredph• alteredSNS• lessO2delivery• increaseinanxiety

• thoracicbreathingpattern-increasedtension

Thewaywebreathdirectlyeffectsouremotionalstate

• RespiratorySinusArrhythmiaandoscillations

• Slowdeepbreathingincreasesparasympathetictone

• ImprovesHRV-autonomicflexibility

• 6breathsperminuteisthemagicfrequency• highestoscillationsinheartratevariability• Mostefficientgasexchange

• Altersbaroreceptoractivity• Connectionwiththeamygdala

• VagalAfferents

• Oscillationsintreatment

• Vagusnervemediated• Pacedbreathing• Alterscerebralbloodflow• Maypromoteimprovedpulmonaryfunction

• Mayeffectimmunefunction• Vibratoryenergy

“Idon’tsingbecauseI’mhappy-I’mhappybecauseIsing”~WilliamJames

Community• Lonelinessleadstohigherhealthcareutilizationinelderly• SocialisolationassociatedwithanincreasedriskofCADandstroke• comparabletosmoking• greaterthanobesityandhypertension

• LonelinessandsocialstressactivatestheHPAaxis• Canleadtobrainchanges• Powerfulprotectionagainsttrauma

Movement,Breath,Meditation,Mantra• Getpeoplemoving• AndEncouragegoodposture

• Teachthemhowtobreathe• Beginadailymeditationpractice• Chant,sing,pray• Becomepartofacommunity• Socialsupport

• Foryourneurobiology,physiologyandlife!

Bibliography• Slide1Introduction

• AshtangaYogaOpeningPrayerhttps://sharathjois.com/the-practice/opening-prayer/• Slide2Mind,Body,SpiritUnit

• A.T.Still“ThePhilosophyandMechanicalPrinciplesofOsteopathy”1892• Slide3MoodEffectonInpatientOutcomes

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• Farrokhi,etal.Associationbetweendepressionandmortalityinpatientsreceivinglong-termdialysis:asystematicreviewandmeta-analysis.AmericanJournalofKidneyDisease,2014:63(4):623-635Slide6MoodeffectsonOutpatient

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InternMed.2007;167(21):2345-2353• Rumsfeld,Jetal.Depressivesymptomsarethestrongestpredictorsofshort-termdeclinesinhealthstatusinpatientswithheart

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• Lupien,S.,Juster,RP.,Raymond,C.,Marin,MF.Theeffectsofchronicstressonthehumanbrain:fromneurotoxicity,tovulnerability,toopportunity.FrontiersinNeuroendocrinology.April2018;49:91-105

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• Slide6Trauma• BesselVanDerKolk.Thebodykeepsthescore-brain,mind,andbodyinthehealingoftrauma.PenguinBooksNY,NY2014

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2016-02-03/the-health-benefits-of-hugging• 8VagusNerve

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• Slide9MovementIntroduction

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• Slide11-MindfulMovement

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• Slide12PowerPosing• Cuddy,AmyPresenceBringingyourBoldestSelftoyourBiggestChallenges.BackBayBooksLittle,BrownandCompany,NY2015

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• Slide13-MeditationIntroduction

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• Slide15MeditationandBrainChanges-Thepathway• Slide16MeditationandTelomeres

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• Slide21Howtochangeyourpatientsneurobiology