Exposed Geomembrane Cover Systems and the Wind Defender Ballast SystemPresented by: Steve Mayes

DISCUSSION TOPICS

Project Applications

Component Selection:

Geomembrane

Component Selection: Ballast

System

TestingInstallation

ConsiderationsFeasibility

• Privately held Limited Liability Corporation

• Incorporated February 2014

• Sole provider of Wind Defender® in the United States

• Master distributor for Raven Industries

• Focus of business is supplying geosynthetics

to the solid waste, power, construction and

agriculture industries

WIND DEFENDER INTRO

Exposed Reinforced GeomembraneCell Rain Covers Temporary/Interim Caps Stockpile Covers

MARKET APPLICATIONS

• Reduce/Eliminate the Generation of Leachate/Contact Water

• Erosion Control

• UV Protection to Underlying Geosynthetics

• Improve Run-off Water Quality

CELL RAIN COVERS

• Same Benefits of a Final Closure

• Eliminate Leachate Generation

• Control Erosion and Dust

• Reduce Maintenance

TEMPORARY CAPS

• Protect Bulk Stockpiled Materials

• Control Erosion and Dust Migration

• Reduce Pile Maintenance

STOCKPILE COVERS

Project Applications

WM LCS Landfill {Before}50,000 SF Temp Cap

WM LCS Landfill {After}50,000 SF Temp Cap

CCS ProjectsWM Southern Waste Services Landfill

300,000 SF Temp/Final Cap

WM Simi Valley Landfill500,000 SF Cell Rain Cover

Temporary Caps

Republic Services – Brunswick Landfill1,500,000 SF Temporary Cap

Component Selection Geomembrane

• Dura-Skrim (8, 12, 20, 24mils)

• Two sheets of virgin polyethylene film joined together by a third layer of molten polyethylene.

• “Skrim”, a polyester grid is applied between the two sheets of film.

• Increasing tear and puncture resistance giving the material a longer service life in exposed applications as compared to non-reinforced alternatives.

REINFORCED GEOMEMBRANES

The key performance property of a geomembrane is to function as an impermeable barrier while deforming under load to maintain contact with

the supporting subgrade in the event of settlement.

TECHNOLOGY

▪ Thickness range 8 mil up to 24 mil

▪ 10-layer reinforced gas/odor barriers are available in custom thickness upon request with minimum run requirements

▪ Current gas/odor barrier rainshed cover design consists of a Dura♦Skrim® RB20BDV (grey/black)

▪ EVOH is the gas barrier of choice for common VOCs

▪ A 20 mil reinforced EVOH / LLDPE gas and odor barrier has over 200 times lower permeance to VOCs than a common 20 mil LLDPE geomembrane

Dura♦skrim® barrier options (rb-series)EVOH GAS / ODOR RAINSHED BARRIER TECHNOLOGY

© 2018 Raven Industries, Inc.

Unrestricted

• Factory built panels provide higher seam quality due to a controlled environment during production.

• ISO:9001 Certified Management System.

• Factory seams eliminate factors such as dust, dirt, water, and wind from the equation.

• Incoming materials are inspected:

• Mill test reports

• Mill certificates

CUSTOM FABRICATED PANES

▪ Extrusion, hot air, hot wedge welding

▪ Up to 10 roll high-speed welding

▪ Custom fabricated stepped tarps

▪ Factory welded panels up to 8,000 lbs (up to 4 acres)

▪ Up to 60’ wide master rolls (depending upon thickness)

Converting / multi-roll seaming process

© 2018 Raven Industries, Inc.

Unrestricted

Extrusion Welding

MANUFACTURING CAPABILITIES

Component Selection Ballast System

Exposed geomembrane covers can be extremely susceptible to loadings generated by wind:

CHALLENGE OF EGC

TRADITIONAL BALLAST METHODS

Cross Winds Wind Uplift or Negative Pressure

WIND LOADING

The key performance property of a ballast system is to withstand the wind uplift force through a downward force used to pin or hold down the geomembrane. Wind Defender utilizes aerodynamics to

diffuse and cancel out the forces causing wind uplift.

Wind Defender weighs 325 lbs/roll = 6,560 SF. To cover that same area with sandbags it would take 131 sandbags (5’ x 10’ grid, 30 lbs each) = 3,930 lbs

ROPE AND SANDBAGS

Testing

• Regular MQC and Third Party

QA Testing

• Long-Term UV Testing @ 50℃

(15 months)

• 90 year service life

• Dynamic Wind Testing

Up to 110mph

• No damage

• 75% reduction in

geomembrane upliftDrop-In Specs Available

TESTING

• Run-off Testing

• Manning’s Coefficient

Testing

• n = 0.029

• Manning’s Coefficient for

Grass

• n = 0.03 to 0.04

TESTING

Installation Considerations

• Material – Knitted UV Stabilized HDPE Geotextile

• Roll size - 10ft long x 1.5ft diameter

• Panel Size – 328ft long x 20ft wide

• Panels sewn via prayer seam using a 277 polyester

bonded thread (minimum)

• PTFE thread is recommended for 7+ year

applications

WIND DEFENDER

WIND DEFENDER DETAILS

WIND DEFENDER DETAILS

Feasibility

FEASIBILITY

Generally stated, the higher performance expected by the customer in terms of UVprotection for thematerials and expected life of the system, the better cost justification of the Wind Defender system.

* Estimates vary based on characteristics of sand bags, ties, belts, sand and other system materials (i.e. UV resistant additives)

Assumptions:• 10’ x 10’ sand bag grid

20-mil Dura-Skrim +Sand Ballast System

20-mil Dura-Skrim + Wind Defender System

Material & Installation cost $0.40/sf - $0.50/sf* $0.45/sf - $0.55/sf

Lifecycle costs • Ongoing maintenance to replace sand bags every 2-3 years

• Repair due to system failure (wind, rain, snow and other contributing factors)

• Minimal maintenance

Warranty • 5 year membrane warranty• No warranty on ballast system

• 10 year membrane warranty• 10 year Wind-Defender warranty

• ~68-acres• Long drainage lengths• Large volume

of storm water• Installation Phasing• Wind uplift• Snow loading• UV degradation• Ballast materials damaging

underlying rain cover

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

• Avg. Annual Rainfall Volume - ~79.3M gal• Area - ~68-acres (Lined Area) x 43,560 SF/acre • Avg. Annual Rainfall – (43-in/yr)/12-in/ft) = 3.58-ft/yr*

• Average Disposal Cost = $0.10/gallon**

• Annual Estimated Treatment Cost – ~$7.9M/yr. **• Avg. Annual Rainfall - ~79.3M gal• Avg. Disposal Cost - $0.10/gal**

• Temp Cover System Supply & Install= ~$1.5M**

TEMPORARY COVERS

** Theoretical value for comparison purpose only.

* Per U.S. Climate data

Raven Warranty*

Ballast Sand Bags Wind Defender

8, 12 mil 5 years 7 years

20 mil 5 years 10 years

24 mil 10 years 15 years

Increased warranties offered by Raven

*Wind Defender blocks 60% of UV radiation, extending the usable life of the geomembrane. Raven provides extended warranties for the geomembranes installed under Wind Defender.

WARRANTIES

• Industry trending towards reinforced EGCs• Reduce/eliminate leachate production• Control erosion and odors• Improve gas quality• Reduce site maintenance• UV Protection

• Protect your investment• Understand what causes membrane damage,

“Wind Uplift”• Select a ballast system which best fits your

application

Reinforced EGCs | Alternative Ballast Systems

CONCLUSION

980.223.9096

smayes@ccsliners.com

www.ccsliners.com

2690-D Salisbury HwyStatesville, NC 28677

570.617.7479

elliot@winddefender.com

www.wind-defender.com.com

4 South 2nd Street, Suite 206 Pottsville, PA 17901

STEVEN MAYES, P.E. ELLIOT PUGH