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Exsanguination

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"Bleeding out" redirects here. For the Imagine Dragons song, see Bleeding Out (song). For the orn song, see

!he ath of !otality.

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citations to relia$le sources. %nsourced material may $e challenged and remo#ed. (December 2006)

Exsanguinationis the process of$lood loss, to a degree sufficient to cause death. One does not ha#e to lose all

of one&s $lood to cause death. Depending upon the age, health, and fitness le#el of the indi#idual, people can die

from losing half or t'othirds of their $lood a loss of roughly onethird of the $lood #olume is considered #ery

serious. *#en a single deep cut can 'arrantsuturingand hospitali+ation, especially if trauma, a #einorartery,

or another comor$idityis in#ol#ed. It is most commonly kno'n as "$leedingto death" or collouially as

"$leeding out". !he 'ord itself originated from -atin ex("out of") andsanguis("$lood").

Contents

/ !he slaughtering of animals in the meat industry 0 1ause of human death

2 3ee also

4 5eferences

The slaughtering of animals in the meat industry

*6sanguination is used as a method of slaughter.Before the fatal incision is made, the animal may $e rendered

insensi$le to pain $y #arious methods, including capti#e $olt, electricity or chemical. Without prior sedation,

stunning or anesthetic, this method of slaughter is understood $y some to cause a high degree of an6iety,7/8

although other studies contradict these findings.708

!he capti#e $olt is placed against the skull of the animal, andpenetrates to cause tissue destruction in the$rain,incapacitating the animal so that the procedure may take

place. *lectricity is used mostly inporcine,poultryand domestic sheep,'hereas chemical is used in in9ured

li#estock.

:uickly after the animal is incapacitated it is hung upside do'n $y its hind lim$s and an e6tremely sharp knife,

in an orientation parallel to the ground, is fully inserted through the skin 9ust $ehind the point of the9a'and

$elo' the neck $ones. From this position, the knife is dra'n for'ard a'ay from the spine to se#er the9ugular

#eins, carotid arteries, and trachea. roperly performed, $lood 'ill flo' freely and death'ill occur 'ithin

seconds. 3heep and s'ine 'ill reach $rain death in under /; seconds ho'e#er, larger animals, nota$ly cattle

may take up to 4< seconds to reach $rain death. !his period may e6tend to a couple of minutes if complications,

such as arterial occlusion, occur. =o'e#er, the animal&s in#erted position allo's $lood to flo' moreprecipitously and thus makes an animal regaining consciousness $efore it is fully e6sanguinated highly

unlikely. In any case, animal 'elfare ad#isory councils clearly emphasi+e that the time from incapacitation to

start of e6sanguination should $e prompt recommending a time under /< seconds. 728

Beyond the initial cost of purchasing a capti#e $olt, continued usage of the method is #ery ine6pensi#e. !he

animal is incapacitated for the duration of the procedure, so it is one of the safest methods for the slaughterer.

3laughter $y e6sanguination is mandated $y >udaic kashrut(kosher) and Islamic dha$ihah(halal) dietary la's.

!he dou$le edged pointed knife is prohi$ited. Instead, a long knife 'ith a suared off end is used that in >e'ish

la' must $e at least t'ice the 'idth of the animal&s neck. !he operation of sticking or e6sanguination is

e6ecuted faster than 'hen using the pointed knife, as four large $lood #essels in the neck are se#eredsimultaneously.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_Out_(song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Path_of_Totalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Path_of_Totalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exsanguination&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exsanguination&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical_suturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical_suturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inpatient_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trauma_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comorbidityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#The_slaughtering_of_animals_in_the_meat_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#Cause_of_human_deathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_slaughterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_slaughterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captive_bolt_pistolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxietyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#cite_note-schulze_halastudy-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_sheephttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_sheephttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugular_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugular_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_arterieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windpipehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#cite_note-FAWC-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhabihahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhabihahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_Out_(song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Path_of_Totalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exsanguination&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical_suturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inpatient_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trauma_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comorbidityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#The_slaughtering_of_animals_in_the_meat_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#Cause_of_human_deathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_slaughterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captive_bolt_pistolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxietyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#cite_note-schulze_halastudy-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_sheephttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugular_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugular_veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_arterieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windpipehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsanguination#cite_note-FAWC-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashruthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhabihah

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? /@A study at the %ni#ersity of Ceterinary edicine =ano#erindicates that these traditional methods, 'hen

e6ecuted as prescri$ed $y the religious authorities, ga#e results 'hich pro#ed "...pain and suffering to the e6tent

as has since long $een generally associated in pu$lic 'ith this kind of slaughter cannot $e registered..." and that

"7a complete loss of consciousness8 occurred generally 'ithin considera$ly less time than during the slaughter

method after capti#e $olt stunning."708

In Islamicand >e'ish la', capti#e $olts and other methods of preslaughter paralysis are generally not

permissi$le, as consumption of animals found dead are regarded as carrionand stunned animals that are later

killed 'ill come into this category.

Carious halal food authorities ha#e more recently permitted the use of a recently de#eloped failsafesystem of

headonly stunning using a mushroom shaped hammer head that deli#ers a $lo' that is not fatal, pro#ed $y it

$eing possi$le to re#erse the procedure and re#i#e the animal after the shock.748

Cause of human death

!his section does not citeanyreferences or sources. lease help impro#e this section $y adding

citations to relia$le sources. %nsourced material may $e challenged and remo#ed. (August 2014)

*6sanguination is a relati#ely uncommon, $ut dramatic, cause of death in human $eings. !raumatic in9ury can

cause e6sanguination if $leeding is not promptly controlled, and is the most common cause of death in military

com$at. Eoncom$at causes can include gunshotor sta$'ounds motor #ehicle crashin9uries suicide$y

se#ering arteries,typically those in the 'rists and partial or total lim$ amputation, such as #ia accidental

contact 'ith a circularor chainsa', or $ecome entangled in operating machinery.

atients can also de#elop catastrophic internal hemorrhages, such as from a $leedingpeptic ulcer,postpartum

$leedingor splenichemorrhage, 'hich can cause e6sanguination 'ithout any e6ternal signs of distress. ?nother

cause of e6sanguination in the medical field is that ofaneurysms. If a dissecting aortic aneurysm ruptures

through the ad#entitia, massi#e hemorrhage and e6sanguination can result in a matter of minutes.

Blunt force trauma to the li#er, kidneys, and spleen can cause se#ere internal $leeding as 'ell, though the

a$dominal ca#ity usually $ecomes #isi$ly darkened as if $ruised. 3imilarly, trauma to the lungs can cause

$leeding out, though 'ithout medical attention, $lood can fill the lungs causing the effect of dro'ning, or in the

pleuracausing suffocation, 'ell $efore e6sanguination 'ould occur. In addition, serious trauma can cause

tearing of ma9or $lood #essels 'ithout e6ternal trauma indicati#e of the damage.

?lcoholics and others 'ith li#er disease can also suffer from e6sanguination. !hin'alled, normally lo'

pressure dilated #eins 9ust $elo' the lo'er esophageal mucosa calledesophageal #aricescan $ecome enlarged

in conditions 'ithportal hypertension. !hese may $egin to$leed, 'hich 'ith the high pressure in the portal

system can $e fatal. !he often causati#e impaired li#er function also reduces the a#aila$ility of clotting factors

(many of 'hich are made in the li#er), making any rupture in #essels more likely to cause a fatal loss of $lood.

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