1.DEFINITION OF NURSING Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes promotion of health, prevention of illness and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles. (International council of nurses, 2002)

2. QUALITIES OF A PROFESSIONALNURSE N- Nobility, knowledge. U- Usefulness, understanding R- Righteousness, responsibility. S- Simplicity, sympathy. E- Efficiency, equanimity 3. SCOPE OF NURSING 4. ROLE OF NURSES Care giver Decision maker Client protector and advocate Manager and coordinator Communicator 5. ROLE OF NURSES Educator Counselor Collaborator Rehabilitator Comforter 6. EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSESDEFINITION The functions of a nurse that are not specified in the traditional limits of nursing practice legislation. 7. EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSES1.Advanced practice nurses Clinical Nurse Specialists Certified nurse midwife Certified registered nurseanesthetist. Nurse practitioners 8. JOBS OF NURSE PRACTITIONER Diagnosing, treating, evaluating andmanaging a/c and c/c illness and disease. Obtaining medical histories and conductingphysical examinations. Ordering, performing and interpretingdiagnostic studies. Prescribing drugs for a/c and c/c diseases. Providing prenatal care and family planningservices 9. JOBS OF NURSE PRACTITIONER Cont.. Providing well child care includingscreening and immunisations. Performing or assisting in minor surgeriesand procedures. Counselling and education of patients onhealth behaviours, self care skills andtreatment options. 10. EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSES2. Nurse educatorPROFESSIONAL ROLES OF NURSEEDUCATOR Education Clinical supervision Role model and mentor Continuing education Research 11. EXPANDED ROLE OF NURSES3. Nurse administrator4. Nurse researcher The nurse researcher investigatesproblems to improve nursing care and tofurther define and expand the scope ofnursing practice. The nurse researcher maybe employed in an academicsetting, hospital or an independentprofessional or community service agency.. 12. EXPANDED ROLES A nurse researcher assists with collectingdata in the field of health and medical care.The nurse may review the data and provideinformation on the results. The researcherplays a significant role in helping doctorsand scientists understand the complicationsof medical conditions.5. Nurse authors 13. ROLE OF NURSE IN DIFFERENTPRACTICE SETTINGS1. Hospitals2. Skilled nursing facilities3. Restorative care facilities4. Home care 14. HOME HEALTH CARE SERVICES Wound care Respiratory care Elimination Nutrition Rehabilitation Medications Intravenous therapy Laboratory studies 15. ROLE OF NURSE IN DIFFERENTPRACTICE SETTINGS5. Rehabilitation6. Community based practice settings Community health centers Schools Occupational health settings Hospice and palliative care nursing Parish nursing Telehealth nursing 16. SCHOOL NURSE School nurses need a working knowledge ofhuman growth and development. Need counselling skills. Keep records of children requiredimmunisation. Work with teachers to improve the healthconcepts into the curriculum. Conduct vision and hearing screens. Focus on preventive aspect of child health 17. PARISH NURSING Providing meals for families in crisis orwhen returning home afterhospitalisation. Organising prayer circles. Volunteering in community acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome caregroups. Holding regular grief support groups 18. LEVELS OF PREVENTION Primary preventionohealth promotionoenvironmental protectionospecific protection against disease orinjury Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention 19. JOB DESCRIPTION STAFF NURSEDirect patient care Carry out the procedures of admission and dischargeof the patient. Maintains personal hygiene and comforts of thepatient. Attends to the personal needs of the patient and feedsthe helpless patient. Implements and maintains ward policies and routines. Co-ordinates patient care with other team members. Administration of medication. 20. STAFF NURSE Assisting doctors in various medical and surgicaldiagnostic procedures. Performing simple diagnostic procedures likeurinanalysis, haemoglobin percentage etc.. Recording of vital signs. Collecting and sending of specimens forlaboratory diagnostic procedures. Take rounds with the doctors when called to listnew orders and see that they are carried out. 21. STAFF NURSE Operation theatre management Maintains aseptic environment of theoperation theatre. Autoclaving ofarticles, instruments, gloves, linen etc. requiredfor various types of surgery. Receives patients from the ward intact forsurgery. Prepares anaesthetic trolley and trolley forsurgery, according to type and procedures. 22. STAFF NURSE Assist the surgeon and anaesthetist. Indenting and procuring surgicalinstruments, drugs, gloves, suturingmaterials and O2, N2,CO2 etc. required foroperation theatre. Maintains records and reports pertaining tothe operation theatre 23. STAFF NURSEManagement of Labour room Preparation of expectant mother for asceptic safedelivery. Conducts normal deliveries and reports. Attends and assists doctors in all obstetricalemergencies. Takes care of newborn and premature babies. Maintains records and reports pertaining to labourroom. Indent and procure necessary drugs, supplies, linenetc. to labour room. 24. STAFF NURSEEducational function Helps in orientation of new staff and students.. Carries out health teaching for individual orgroup of patients Participates in in-service educationprogrammes. Assists and extends co operation in medicaland nursing research programme. 25. SENIOR STAFF NURSEDirect patient care Ensures proper admission, discharge of patients. She/he see that total health needs of his/herpatients are met. Takes nursing rounds with staff and students. Makes rounds with doctors, assisting them indiagnosis and treatment of patients. Co-ordinates patient care with otherdepartments 26. SENIOR STAFF NURSE Supervision and administration Makes duty and work assignments. Indenting and procurement of wardsupplies and equipments and keeps records. Does regular inventory checking. Maintains discipline among the personnelworking in the particular ward. 27. SENIOR STAFF NURSE Reports about any medico legal cases in theward/unit. Maintains good public relations in his/herward/unit. Ensures that students get desired learningexperience in the ward/unit. 28. SENIOR STAFF NURSE Educational function Organises orientation programmes for newstaff. Conducts ward conferences or meeting. Guides in formulation of nursing care plansand care studies. Helps in medical and nursing research. Encourages staff development programmes inhis/her wards 29. NURSING SUPERINTENDENTGRADEIIPatient care and ward/unit management Conducts and attends to the departmental andinterdepartmental meetings/conferences fromtime to time. Makes regular rounds of her department. Makes rotation plan for the nursing staff andthe domestic staff Organises and plans andnursing care activities of the department. 30. GRADEII SUPERINTENDENT Plans staffing pattern and other necessaryrequirements of her department.. Supervises the proper use and care of theequipment and supplies in the department. Officiates in the absence of NursingSuperintendent Gr1. Helps ward or unit supervisors to produce theirward/unit. Organises and plans nursing care activities of thedepartment. 31. GRADEII SUPERINTENDENTEducational function Arranges classes and clinical teaching of nursingstudents in the department. Implements the ward teaching programme andclinical experience of the students with the help ofdoctors and nurses. Does counselling and guidance of staff andstudents. Arranges and conducts staff developmentprogrammes of his/her department. 32. GRADEII SUPERINTENDENTGeneral Escorts Nursing Superintendent Gr 1, Medicalsuperintendent, and special visitors forhospital rounds. Arranges and participates in professional andsocial function of staff and students. Acts as a liaison officer between the nursingdepartment and other higher hospitalauthorities. 33. NURSING SUPERINTENDENTGRADE 1 Nursing services Participates in the formulation of thephilosophy of the hospital in general andthose specific to the nursing service. Determines goals, aims, objectives andpolicies of the nursing services. Interviews and recruits nursing staff. Makes regular visits in hospitals and wards. 34. SUPERINTENDENT GRADE I Takes hospital rounds with medicalsuperintendent. Selects and secures proper equipmentneeded for the hospital Prepares duty roster, plans staff leave anddisburses salary. Gives counselling and guidance to thesubordinate staff. 35. SUPERINTENDENT GRADE 1 Maintains discipline among nurses andother auxiliary staff. Participates in hospital and inter-hospitalmeetings and conferences. Investigates complaints and takes necessarysteps. Initiates and participates in nursingresearch 36. SUPERINTENDENT GRADE 1General and office duties Maintains necessary records concerning the nursingstaff, students, confidential reports and healthrecords etc. Submits annual reports of the nursing servicedepartments to Medical superintendent, INC andNurses Registration Council. Maintains cordial relations with public andvoluntary workers. Participates in professional and communityactivities. 37. DIVERSITY IN NURSING Forensic nursing Telemetry nursing Space nursing Travel nursing Military nursing