EYE MONITORED WHEEL CHAIR

Under the Esteemed Guidance of

SRI R.V.SREEHARI M.E.,

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ,DEPT OF E.C.E

BATCH MEMBERS:

K Guru Prasad Reddy (129Y5A0410)

P Sudheer (119Y1A0479)

S Prasanna Kumar (119Y1A0492)

P Gopi (119Y1A0483)

G Sabareesh Goud (129Y5A0406)

KSRM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,KADAPA

CONTENTS:

1:INTRODUCTION

2:DESIGN OVERVIEW

3:SOFTWARE DESIGN

4:HARDWARE DESIGN

5:MECHANICAL DESIGN

6:TESTING AND RESULTS

7:CONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTION:

Many people are suffering from

quadriplegia around the world,

which affects their four limbs.

So we made a project called eye

monitored wheel chair movement

which makes their life easy

We take the advantage of their

ability to move their head.

We use laptab webcam to

capture their head movements

by that the wheel chair can be

moved to desired direction.

DESIGN OVERVIEW:

• Eye detection can be done by MATLAB script which is running on the

laptab which has inbuilt webcam.

• MATLAB puts one digit like 0,1,2 on COM port based on the eye

movements

• ATMega 32A is used to drive motors as per user desire direction like

left,right,straight based on signals send by matlab

SOFTWARE DESIGN:

Initialization of COM port for serial communication.

Capturing of image for every 25th frame.

Changing image from RGB to gray level and

enhancing the image.

Detection of the person’s eye in image using viola-

jones algorithm.

Detection of the eye movement by comparing the

present position of eye with previous position.

Placing one digit data on the COM port based on the

eye movements.

(A) MATLAB COMPONENT

Code developed in AVR

studio.

Hex file generated using

AVR studio.

Hex file dumped into

Microcontroller using

extreme burner software

(B) FIRMWARE DESIGN

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

(A)DESCRIPTION OF MICRO CONTROLLER ATMEGA 32A

• ATMega 32A is a 8-bit microcontroller having 40 pins

• ATMega 32A has a 32 Programmable I/O Lines

• ATMega 32A has a programmable USART

• ATMega 32A can operate over 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM Write/Erase cycles.

(B) EXPLANATION OF USART:

USART is acronym of Universal Synchronous/

Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter.

It can be program as per our desire by setting

USART status and control registers.

We use asynchronous mode and the BAUD rate

can be set to 9600 by using UBRR register.

At receivng side UDR acts as dual buffer.

USART can operate in receiving mode or

transmitting mode by enabling RXEN or TXEN of

USCRB register

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF USART

MECHANICAL DESIGN

Metal Chassis – It is flat metal body which resembles wheel chair

DC motors – Two DC motors are used having 200 RPM

Wheels – Two types of wheels. One is castor wheel and other is plastic wheel(two wheels)

WHEEL CHAIR PROTO TYPE

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

Block diagram of project

(A) MICRO CONTROLLER-CP2102

INTERFACING

CP2102

CP2102 is a interfacing device between computer

and microcontroller

CP2102 carry one digit data put on COM port by

MATLAB using RS-232 standard

It also converts RS-232 voltage levels into TTL

voltage levels

CP2102 has RXD,TXD,DTR,VBUS,GND,3V3 pins

RS-232 STANDARD

RS-232 standard has 1 start bit,8 data bits, 1 parity bit

and 1 or 2 stop bits

RS-232 has +12v volts for logic 1 and -12v for logic 0

(B) MICROCONTROLLER – DC MOTORS

INTERFACE

To interface MCU with

motors we use L293D

IC.

Based on the input

data output pins are

enabled.

Dc motors rotate based

on the logic levels at

IN1,IN2,IN3,IN4 of

L293D

LOGIC LEVELS AND WHEEL CHAIR

DIRECTION

h

TESTING AND RESULTS

PROJECT KIT

Testing strategy – x, y, length, height of valid eye are displayed on the debug screen.

Speed of execution – This is the limitation of our project. We can take image for every 15th

frame but cannot process at that speed.

Accuracy – can get almost 86% accuracy with coordinates of eye that are set in threshold limits

SAFETY FEATURES

Controlled speed of detection and wheel chair drive.

Eye height and width threshold.

Controlled movement in either direction for limited time

period.

Less jerk, by incorporating delay in the wheel chair drive.

Halt control using blink detection.

CONCLUSION

System functions at an accuracy of 70 – 90%.

Person’s eye can easily detected by using viola- jonesalgorithm without detecting of things mostly have face like features.

• Lot of work needs to be done before making the product commercially viable.

• Need to work on wheel chair movement when the person is just casually glaring in different directions.

• We can incorporate certain sequences for turning ON and OFF electrical devices or door locks.

• Lot of safety precautions need to be incorporated.

PERFORMANCE

FUTURE MODIFICATIONS

REFERENCES: 1. S. Tameemsultana and N. Kali Saranya, “Implementation of Head and Finger

Movement Based Automatic Wheel Chair”, Bonfring International Journal of Power

Systems

and Integrated Circuits, vol. 1, Special Issue, pp 48-51, December 2011.

2. Manuel Mazo, Francisco J. Rodriguez, Jose L, Lazaro, Jesus Urena, Juan C. Garcia,

Enrique Santiso, Pedro Revenga and J. Jesus Garcia, “Wheelchair for Physically

Disabled

People with Voice, Ultrasonic and Infrared Sensor Control “, Autonomous Robots, vol.2,

no.

3, pp. 203-224 ,Sep 1995.

3. Tabasum Shaikh, Naseem Farheen Sayyed, Shaheen Pathan, “Review of Multilevel

Controlled Wheelchair”, 4th National Conference On Electronic Technologies, pp. 275-

279, April 2013.

4. Motor Controller circuitry –

http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor controller

5. Voila Jones Algorithm -

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola%E2%80%93Jones_object_detection_framework

6. Cascade Object Detector –

http://www.mathworks.com/help/vision/ref/vision.cascadeobjectdetector-class.html

THANK YOU

ANY QUIRIES ???