f learning & memory in flies f environmental sources of plasticity f genetic dissection of...

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learning & memory in flies environmental sources of plasticity genetic dissection of learning & memory anatomical mutants biochemical mutants molecular dissection of memory PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #23: MOLECULAR GENETICS OF LEARNING & MEMORY IN DROSOPHILA II

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Page 1: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

learning & memory in flies environmental sources of plasticity genetic dissection of learning & memory

anatomical mutants biochemical mutants

molecular dissection of memory summary

PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY#23: MOLECULAR GENETICS OF LEARNING

& MEMORY IN DROSOPHILA II

Page 2: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

learning & memory in flies environmental sources of plasticity genetic dissection of learning & memory

anatomical mutants biochemical mutants

molecular dissection of memory summary

PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY#23: MOLECULAR GENETICS OF LEARNING

& MEMORY IN DROSOPHILA II

Page 3: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

PAVLOPAVLOV’S V’S

FLIESFLIES

Page 4: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

2 CLASSES OF L & M MUTANTS

“anatomical” mutants screens for anatomical defects

& “biochemical” mutants

screens for behavioral defects

Page 5: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

2 CLASSES OF L & M MUTANTS

“anatomical” mutants screens for anatomical defects

& “biochemical” mutants

screens for behavioral defects

Page 6: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

BIOCHEMICAL MUTANTS

Page 7: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

MEMORY PHASES

genetically distinct memory phasesJ. Dubnau & T. Tully

Page 8: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

massed trainingrshPKC

cerstau Npum ADF-1 neb CREBCXMspaced trainingadapted from Margulies et al. 2005

... GENETIC DISSECTION

ACQ STM MTM

ARM

LTM

PKA-C1PKA-R1 mbmGs

fas IIleo vollat lio

dnc

rut

amn

PKA-C1

Page 9: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

S. Waddell

MEMORY GENES & SIGNALING

Page 10: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

DROSOPHILA vs APLYSIA

Page 11: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

Crittenden et al. 1998

MEMORY GENE EXPRESSION IN MBs

Page 12: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

one of first transgenic experiments in flies transform flies with

gene for peptide inhibitor of PKA under control of heat-shock promoter... temporal resolution

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 13: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

hsp70 XPKA

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 14: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants
Page 15: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

hsp70 XPKA

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 16: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

hsp70 XPKA

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 17: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

one of first transgenic experiments in flies transform flies with

gene for peptide inhibitor of PKA under control of heat-shock promoter... temporal resolution

test associative learning permissive temperature: normal learning

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 18: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

hsp70 XPKA

permissive temperature: normal learning

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 19: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

one of first transgenic experiments in flies transform flies with

gene for peptide inhibitor of PKA under control of heat-shock promoter... temporal resolution

test associative learning permissive temperature: normal learning restrictive temperature: blocked learning

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 20: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

hsp70 XPKA

restrictive temperature: learning blocked

cAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (PKA)

Page 21: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

single cycle training not protein synthesis dependent ARM resistant to cold shock ARM not protein synthesis dependent

CREBcAMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN

Page 22: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

long-lasting memory in radish mutants radish encodes some aspect of ARM

CREBcAMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN

Page 23: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

transgenic flies: heat-shock activated dominant negative CREB isoform blocks LTM

CREBcAMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN

Page 24: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

2 kinds of long-lasting memory massed training ARM, resistant to cold shock spaced training LTM, protein synthesis dependent

CREBcAMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN

Page 25: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

transgenic conditional CREB blockers LTM radish mutants have no ARM

CREBcAMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN

Page 26: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

GAL4 ENHANCER TRAP SYSTEM

w– E X/

Page 27: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants
Page 28: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

GAL4 w+

/ w– E X

GAL4 ENHANCER TRAP SYSTEM

Page 29: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

/ GAL4 w+ w– E X

GAL4 ENHANCER TRAP SYSTEM

Page 30: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants
Page 31: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

/

LacZ w+

w–

GAL4 ENHANCER TRAP SYSTEM

Page 32: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

/ w– LacZ w+

GAL4 ENHANCER TRAP SYSTEM

Page 33: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

/ GAL4 w+ w– E X

/ w– LacZ w+

x

GAL4 ENHANCER TRAP SYSTEM

Page 34: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

/ GAL4 w+ w– E X

/ w– LacZ w+

ß-galactosidase

GAL4 ENHANCER TRAP SYSTEM

Page 35: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

MB-SPECIFIC CELL MARKERS

Page 36: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

G-PROTEINS & cAMP PATHWAY

Page 37: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

/ GAL4 w+ w– E X

/ w– Gs w+

Gs

MB-TARGETED Gs

Page 38: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

Connolly et al.

MB-TARGETED Gs

Page 39: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

ADENYLYL CYCLASE & cAMP PATHWAY

Page 40: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

MB TARGETED rut RESCUE

/ GAL4 w+ w– E X

/ w– rut + w+

adenylate cyclase

rut –

Page 41: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

Zars et al

MB TARGETED rut RESCUE

Page 42: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

/ GAL4 w+ w– E X

/ w– shits w+

dynaminaberrantdynamin

MB NEURON SIGNALING & LEARNING

Page 43: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

Dubnau et al.

MB NEURON SIGNALING & LEARNING

Page 44: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

Dubn

au e

t al.

MB NEURON SIGNALING & RETRIEVAL

Page 45: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

massed trainingrshPKC

cerstau Npum ADF-1 neb CREBCXMspaced trainingadapted from Margulies et al. 2005

... GENETIC DISSECTION

ACQ STM MTM

ARM

LTM

PKA-C1PKA-R1 mbmGs

fas IIleo vollat lio

dnc

rut

amn

PKA-C1

Page 46: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

S. Waddell

MEMORY GENES & SIGNALING

Page 47: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

A.S. Chiang

BUILDING A MEMORY CIRCUIT

Page 48: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

SUMMARY

flies can learn a variety of tasks classical differential conditioning of odor avoidance genetic dissection: mutants impaired in

cAMP cascade mushroom body neuroanatomy ... all have correlated learning / memory defects

homology with other species / model systems memory phases

single cycle training massed & spaced training

Page 49: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

transgenic studies PKA CREB

molecular biology & anatomy: functions defined at cellular level – neurons are equivalent or structural level – neurons are different

SUMMARY

Page 50: F learning & memory in flies F environmental sources of plasticity F genetic dissection of learning & memory F anatomical mutants F biochemical mutants

integrated research approach in fliesCS

CR UR

US

convergence... behavior anatomy cell biology

at all levels of organization... components characterized plasticity

prospects homology applications

SUMMARY