f rench i nstitute of i nternational r elations a nnual … · 2014. 12. 1. · in ramses 2000,...

20e

i n s t i t u tf r a n ç a i sd e s r e l a t i o n sinternationales

a n n i v e r s a i r e

1 9 7 9 - 1 9 9 9

A N N U A L R E P O R T

1 9 9 9

F R E N C H I N S T I T U T E O F I N T E R N A T I O N A L R E L A T I O N S


A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 9

20e

i n s t i t u tf r a n ç a i sd e s r e l a t i o n sinternationales

a n n i v e r s a i r e

1 9 7 9 - 1 9 9 9

MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR .............................................................. 5

RESEARCH 7

SECURITY .................................................................................................. 8INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY: GLOBALISATION AND GOVERNANCE .... 11EUROPEAN ISSUES .................................................................................. 15TRANSATLANTIC PROGRAMME .............................................................. 17ASIAN ISSUES .......................................................................................... 18MIDDLE EAST AND MEDITERRANEAN .................................................. 21AFRICA .................................................................................................. 23GLOBAL ISSUES ...................................................................................... 24

MEETINGS AND DEBATES 25

XXTH ANNIVERSARY.................................................................................. 26CONFERENCES ........................................................................................ 31THE FRENCH CENTER ON THE UNITED STATES (CFE) ...................... 33INVOLVEMENT OF SCHOLARS IN INTERNATIONAL DEBATE ................ 34

IFRI AND CORPORATE CIRCLES 39

CORPORATE PROGRAMME .................................................................... 40THE FRANCO-AUSTRIAN CENTRE (CFA) ............................................ 42CORPORATE MEMBERS............................................................................ 43

OUTPUT DISSEMINATION 45

IFRI AND THE UNIVERSITY ...................................................................... 46PUBLICATIONS ........................................................................................ 47LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTATION CENTRE ............................................ 52

ANNEXES ............................................................................ 53THE TEAM .............................................................................................. 53BOARD .................................................................................................... 54

3I F R I • A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 9

A N N U A L R E P O R T

1 9 9 9


For Ifri, the year 1999 was marked by the 20th Anniversary of its foundation. 1,500 people including some 80 leading specialists in

international relations from the five continents invited for the occasion, aswell as four foreign Heads of State attended the international conference on 3-4 November "Into the 21st century". Following the conference, thePresident of the Republic Jacques Chirac hosted a reception at the ElyséePalace at which he delivered an important speech. The event was also marked by a special edition of RAMSES that has grown in stature ever sinceit was first published in 1981 and by two issues of the publication Politiqueétrangère, the first devoted to a look back over twenty years of internationalpolicy (1979-1999) a period of considerable upheaval with 1989 as thepivotal year; the other covering the proceedings of the conference held on3-4 November.

As can be seen from this report, this has not prevented Ifri from also beingextremely active both in research and debate, in all areas of internationalrelations as well as expanding its audience through education and publica-tions. Without neglecting the more traditional aspects of foreign policy, theIfri team naturally pays close attention to the transformation of the inter-national system, globalisation and the new economy thereby promptingcloser ties with the business community. The reader will also note that Ifrihas become a prominent destination for international leaders and policymakers from around the world. Our institute is thus continuing to streng-then its position as leader in the field of international system analysis, organized around the two complimentary pillars of research and debate.Both its statutory independence and the diversity of its funding, unique inFrance, contribute to enhancing its influence.

In order to provide a clear overview of all our activities, we will henceforthbe publishing an annual report of which this is the first issue. This reportreplaces the former quarterly newsletter. Those wishing to follow Ifri’s activities on a continuous basis can consult our web site: www.ifri.org.

Thierry de MontbrialMember of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques

5I F R I • A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 9

M E S S A G E F R O M T H E D I R E C T O R

Research undertaken at Ifri has a twofoldobjective: to forge synergies in Francebetween researchers, academic and eco-nomic circles as well as policy makers ofrelevant government departments (inparticular ministries of Foreign Affairsand Defence); to develop the internatio-nal dimension of research. Ifri attachesparticular importance to developing aEuropean perspective.Research is organized around: individualor collective studies; debates in the formof seminars or conferences bringingtogether researchers, academics andsenior policy makers from France andabroad together with representativesfrom economic and financial circles andlastly the Ifri annual report RAMSES.In RAMSES 2000, Thierry de Montbrialhighlights the main trends of the interna-tional system on the eve of the 3rd

Millennium. He focuses on the necessaryreconfiguration of the role of stateswithin the evolving interaction betweencooperation and sovereignty ("Le mondeau tournant du siècle"; The world at theturn of the century). In the same publica-tion Philippe Moreau Defarges examinesthe secular tension between ethics andpolitics with the advent of globalisationwhere law is subjected to two legitima-cies — that of the sovereign state andthat of the international community —and assesses the likelihood of achievingglobal norms. ("Droit et mondialisation";Law and globalisation).Furthermore institute researchers made a significant contribution to n°3/99of Politique étrangère devoted to a retrospective analysis of twenty years ofinternational relations. Thierry deMontbrial begins with a critical study ofthe state of theoretical debate in thisarea, Philippe Moreau Defarges assesseshow the concept of humanity has evolvedduring this period both from a legal andpolitical perspective ("L’humanité, ultime“grande illusion” du XXe siècle ?"; Humanity,the ultimate “grand illusion” of the 20th

century).(See also areas of research).

R E S E A R C H

7

8

R E S E A R C H

S E C U R I T Y

One of the major events of 1999 was to be the triumphant celebration of the 50th

Anniversary of the Atlantic Alliance in Washingtonon 23-25 April. An Alliance emerging victoriousfrom the cold war and enlarged in March to includePoland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. Put tothe test in Kosovo, Nato demonstrated its cohesion.However the disputable grounds for its interventionand the precarious peace that ensues raise a greatmany questions about armed intervention andcooperation between Washington and its Europeanallies.

The war in Kosovo in underscoring Europe’ s militaryreliance on the United States, nevertheless revita-lized European defence and security policy. Themomentum initiated at the Franco-British summitin Saint-Malo and the dramatic shift in the Britishposition prompted by Tony Blair resulted in signifi-cant progress being made throughout the year .

The issue of a rebalancing of tasks and responsibilitiesbetween European Union and Nato now lies at theheart of the transatlantic relationship.

In RAMSES 2000, DominiqueMoïsi highlights the strengths andvulnerabilities of the United Statesin the age of globalisation.

Nicole Gnesotto analyses interna-tional security at the beginning of the 21st century stressing thecontradictions resulting from the

coexistence of several value systems.

Dominique David recalls thecontext surrounding the currentmajor strategic initiatives: shiftingviolence, evolving warfare, techno-

logical development…

In the issue of Politique étrangère loo-king back to the past twenty years,Frédéric Bozo takes stock of theAlliance’s achievements from the

INF deployment "battle" to war in Kosovo and

while stressing its legitimacy and leadership, ques-tions the scope of its role. He took up this themeagain in presentations (under publication) deliveredat several Nato 50th anniversary conferences inwhich he gave a historian’s perspective.

Nicole Gnesotto considers common defenceagainst the backdrop of renewed debate on Natoeuropeanisation or globalisation in "Les Notes del’Ifri ": Burdensharing in Nato: Issues and Realities— part of a trilogy she has produced.

Dominique David has published La nouvellearchitecture de sécurité de l’Europe (with BernardAdam, André Dumoulin, Bruce Georges and EricRemacle).

> EUROPEAN SECURITY

EUROPEAN SECURITY ARCHITECTURE

PUT TO THE TEST IN KOSOVO

Since 1989 evolving relations between the EU,Nato, the UN and OSCE are strongly conditio-ned by the impact of full-blown crises, the mostprominent being, since 1991, the conflicts in the Balkans. The study "EU, Nato and OSCE"under the leadership of Frédéric Bozo and NicoleGnesotto looks at the goals and resources of these organizations from a dual standpoint: theirlegitimacy; force effectiveness. The outcome ofoperation "Allied Force" in Kosovo is viewed as acomeback, albeit modest, of the UN. The authorsstress that the Kosovo crisis has demonstratedthat Nato is not adapted to the new missions ithas set itself. They see the need for a clear redefi-nition, on a sound basis, of relations between aEuropean Union with a military capability for itto act in conflict prevention and management,and Nato.

NATO AND THE EUROPEAN UNION

AFTER KOSOVO (9-10 DECEMBER)

This seminar, organized by Frédéric Bozobrought together European and American resear-

I F R I • A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 9

50TH Anniversary of NATO, 23 April 1999.

Jacques Chirac, Bill Clinton and Javier Solana,

then Secretary General of NATO.

© N

ATO

chers as well as representatives from Foreign andDefence ministries. Participants were both mixedand critical in their assessment of the Kosovointervention, both for the Balkans as well as forthe Alliance, recognizing that in institutionalterms Nato with its survival at stake, emergedstrengthened. They agreed that the geographicalscope of Alliance interventions — a transatlanticsticking point — would be limited by enlarge-ment. It was agreed that some form of coopera-tion between Nato and the UN was necessary,although the prospect of developing a ESDIhighlighted American misgivings on role sharing.

Speakers:Dana Allin, Editor, Survival, IISS, London; Frédéric Bozo, Ifri;Stephen Cambone, Institute for National Strategic Studies,National Defense University, Washington D.C.; NicoleGnesotto, Institute for Security Studies of the WEU; PhilipGordon, Center on the US and France, BrookingsInstitution, Washington D.C.; Stephen Larrabee, RAND,Washington D.C.; Guillaume Parmentier,The French Centerof the US/Ifri; John Roper, RIIA, London; Kori Schake,Institute for National Strategic Studies, National DefenseUniversity, Washington D.C.; Jane Sharp, Center forDefence Studies, King’s College, London; Serge Sur, Paris IIUniversity (Panthéon-Assas); Henry Zipper de Fabiani,Délégation aux affaires stratégiques, Ministry of Defence, Paris.

> ENLARGEMENT

BILATERAL RELATIONS

WITH THE THREE NEW NATO ALLIES

The aim of this study was to undertake a qualita-tive assessment of bilateral defence cooperationbetween France and each of the three new Natomembers since the end of the Warsaw Pact andconsider possible areas of discussion on aEuropean defence concept. These are: exchangesbetween military organizations, armamentscooperation and interaction on strategic concepts.This initiative led by Dominique David, drawson the expertise of leading military and strategicspecialists in Poland, Hungary and the CzechRepublic.

Contributors:Bodgan Klich, Deputy Minister for National Defence;Stanislaw Parzymies, Professor at Warsaw University, adviserto the Minister of Foreign Affairs (Poland); Petr Lunak,Deputy Director, Policy and Planning, Ministry of ForeignAffairs; Jiry Sedivy and Jan Eichler, Institute of InternationalRelations, Prague (Czech Republic); Ferenc Gazdag, Director,Institute for Strategic and Defence Studies, Budapest; ZsoltPataki, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Hungary).

UKRAINE, GREATER EUROPE

AND EUROPEAN SECURITY:20TH CENTURY CHALLENGES (1-2 MARCH)

Organized by Dominique Davidand Anita Tiraspolsky in coopera-tion with the RAND Corporation(Washington) and the Kiev

International Centre for Policy Studies with thesupport of WEU’s Institute for Security Studies,this seminar, the first of its kind in France, consi-dered Ukraine’s role in the various Europeansecurity issues both regionally and more globally.With the participation of specialists and officialsfrom Central Europe, European and Atlantic institutions, Western European countries and the United States, the discussions consideredUkrainian options within the context of Europeanintegration.

Speakers:Yevhene Bersheda, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, Kiev;Zbigniew Brzezinski, CSIS, Washington D.C.; KostiantynGryschenko, Ukrainian Ambassador to Belgium; BogdanHawrylyshyn, International Centre for Policy Studies, Kiev;Rudolf Joo, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hungary.

> INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

The year 1999 was also marked by intricate management of the consequences of the Indian andPakistani tests in May 1998 and renewed tension inrelations between Iraq, subjected to an unpreceden-ted sanctions regime since 1990, and the UnitedStates. A further stand off between Washington andBaghdad in December 1998 led to UNSCOM’s

SEMINARS

Two restricted sessions were held duringthe Kosovo crisis:> 23 AprilIfri researchers – Frédéric Bozo, DominiqueDavid, Nicole Gnesotto, Dominique Moïsi,Thierry de Montbrial and Hans Stark – hada discussion with a group of experts andpolicy makers.> 26 AprilRussia, the West and Kosovo with Wladimir Baranovsky, Deputy Directorof the Institute of World Economy andInternational Relations (IMEMO), Moscow.

Seminars organized incooperation with CEA

> 7 JuneRussia and its Asian environmentWladimir Baranovsky and Dimitri Trenin,Deputy Director, Carnegie Endowment forInternational Peace, Moscow.> 26 NovemberEvolving international law.National sovereignty and humanitarian interventionGwyn Prins, Senior fellow, The RoyalInstitute of International Affairs, London.> 14 DecemberThe German debate on the future of nuclear weapons Karsten Voigt, coordinator for German-UScooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs,Berlin.

9

R E S E A R C H

S E C U R I T Y


10

R E S E A R C H

S E C U R I T Y

departure and the setting up of UNMOVIC(United Nations Monitoring, Verification andInspection Commission). However the internationalcommunity remains increasingly divided on thequestion of Iraqi sanctions.In the Balkans the "defeat" of Milosevic and the destruction inflicted on Serbia during the Kosovowar raises again the question of sanctions imposedon the FRY since 1991, also the subject of transat-lantic disagreement.

In Politique étrangère n° 3/99, JeanKlein looks back over twenty yearsof arms control and disarmamentagreements ("Vingt ans de négocia-tions sur le désarmement et la maî-trise des armements"; Twenty yearsof arms control and disarmamentnegotiations); Marie-HélèneLabbé assesses the growing nuclear

proliferation over the same period ("Vingt ans deprolifération nucléaire"; Twenty years of nuclearproliferation).

REVIEW AND OUTLOOK FOR THE USE

OF ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST STATES

Based on three case studies – Iraq,Serbia and India – this research pro-gramme, led by Jacques Beltranand Marie-Hélène Labbé, seeks

to clarify the debate on economic sanctions byanalysing the conditions in which such sanctionswere applied: it studies their impact both econo-mic and political and derives a number of rules to be observed in making this economic weaponmore effective as part of enhanced transatlanticcooperation.

Contributors:Jacques Beltran, Ifri; Marie-Hélène Labbé, Ifri; Hanns Maull,Trier University; Jean-Luc Racine, EHESS; Brahma Chellany,Center for Policy Research, New Delhi.

INTER-INSTITUTE MEETING

The Quadripartite, bringing together the Royal Institute of International Affairs, the RAND Corporation, the SWP(Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik) and Ifri held its annualmeeting in London on 3-5 October 1999 at the invitationof Chatham House.Discussions were dominated by the war in Kosovo andfocused on its impact on transatlantic relations and Nato’sfuture in particular together with the prospects forEuropean defence now firmly on the agenda. Also highlighted were doubts and mistrust inherent in theAmerican perception of an emerging independentEuropean defence capability.The delegations were headed by Chris Gamble fromChatham House, James Thomson from RAND andChristoph Bertram from SWP. The Ifri delegation wascomprised of Frédéric Bozo and Guillaume Parmentier as well as Gilles Andréani (research fellow at the IISS) and Henry Zipper de Fabiani, deputy director of theDélégation aux affaires stratégiques, Ministry of Defence.


KFOR monitoring flights,

Kosovo.

© A

FP

In 1999, there was increased interdependencethrough trade, investment, mergers and acqui-

sitions with globalisation continuing to dominateinternational economic headlines. At the sametime global governance came to the fore, buil-ding on globalisation and seeking to limit its destabilizing effects.

These two themes have been the focus of particu-lar attention at Ifri. Two chapters of RAMSES2000 deal with economic globalisation. In

"Gouverner l’économie mondiale"(World economic governance),Pierre Jacquet studies the variousdimensions of international coope-ration (trade, finance, currency) andstresses the importance of a multila-teral approach.In "Réseaux contre nations ? Les mul-tinationales au XXI e siècle" (Networksversus nations? Multinationals in

the 21st century), Frédérique Sachwald questionsthe reality of the global enterprise and shows thatsmoother relations between multinationals andstates since the 70s stem from the existence of aset of rules and recognized areas of action specificto each of the international players.

In the issue of Politique étrangère devoted to thelast twenty years, Pierre Jacquet discusses anddraws the lessons from increased capital flows;

Françoise Nicolas illustrates dispa-rities in development experience andanalyses the evolving "Washingtonconsensus" and the role of interna-tional financial institutions.

> WTO MULTILATERAL TRADENEGOTIATIONS

The preparation, followed by the failure of theWTO Interministerial Conference in Seattle inNovember was a major development in 1999.The Millennium Round Study undertaken by

Pierre Jacquet, Patrick Messerlin and LaurenceTubiana on behalf of the Economic PolicyCouncil (Conseil d’analyse économique - CAE ) ofwhich Pierre Jacquet is a member, analysesFrench and European interests in the negotiation.It stresses the importance of strengthening WTO and adopting a proactive and ambitiousnegotiating posture taking full account of the keyaspects of economic and trade interdependence.Pierre Jacquet also contributed as a discussant to the CAE report: "Agricultures et negociationscommerciales "(Agricultural and trade negotiations). A seminar was devoted to this topic (see page 14).

> THE ASIAN CRISIS,FINANCIAL CRISES ANDTHE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM

The financial crisis which shook the "miracle economies" in 1997-1998 raises doubts about thepolicies and future of these economies. FrançoiseNicolas has written many papers looking at theunderlying causes of the crisis, focusing in particularon the link between the financial dimension and itsimpact (in particular: "Le regard de l’économiste : unecrise aux multiples facettes "; An economist’s perspecti-ve: a multifaceted crisis), in Crises en Asie du Sud-Est,edited by Philippe Richer; Foreign Direct Investmentand Recovery in Southeast Asia (with StephenThomsen, OECD), etc. (see Publications).A seminar was devoted to this theme (see page 14).

EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES IN EAST ASIA

Undertaken by Françoise Nicolas during a twomonth visiting fellowship at the Institute ofSoutheast Asian Studies in Singapore, this researchprogramme, funded by the European Commission,assesses the role of a rigid exchange rate policy in nur-turing the crisis and considers possible alternativeexchange rate policies available to Southeast Asianeconomies both individually as well as regionally.This initiative was published under the title "Isthere a case for a single currency within ASEAN?",

11

R E S E A R C H


I N T E R N A T I O N A L E C O N O M Y :G L O B A L I S A T I O N A N D G O V E R N A N C E

12

R E S E A R C H

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY

Singapore Economic Review and prompted variousother publications (see Publications).

One of the dimensions of this study was the subject of a presentation by Françoise Nicolas onthe difficulty of managing capital flows withinfinancial globalisation, "Capital flows andexchange rate regimes in East Asia: lessons fromthe crisis" at the working group seminar of theCouncil for Asia-Europe cooperation on 13-14September (see Asia).

FINANCIAL INSTABILITY AND THE

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM

Following the Asian crisis and with the advent ofthe euro, there was renewed debate on reformingthe international monetary system notably withdiscussions on a system of target-zones. PierreJacquet has written many papers on the organi-zation of the international monetary system (seePublications).

The report The Case for Joint Management ofExchange Flexibility by Pierre Jacquet togetherwith C. Fred Bergsten (Institute of InternationalEconomies, IIE Washington D.C.) and OlivierDavanne (CAE) defends flexible exchange ratesby making the case that close monitoring ofexchange rates leads to improved investor infor-mation and serve to limit currency fluctuations.The authors stress that developing countries arenot, as is often claimed, forced to choose a "tight"solution (fully fixed rate, for example with anissuing fund or pure floating) but can generatesome leeway to manage exchange flexibility. Thiswork was followed up in a study undertakenwithin the framework of the Tokyo Club byOlivier Davanne and Pierre Jacquet ("PracticingExchange Rate Flexibility") which was the subjectof a Chatham House meeting.

THE TOKYO CLUB

The Tokyo Club Foundation for Global Studies was created in 1987 by a leading Japanese investment bankNomura Securities to promote the study and discussionof world economic management. This foundation bringstogether two groups of research institutes: on the onehand five institutes from the G5 countries: BrookingsInstitution (United States), Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung(IFO, Germany), Royal Institute of International Affairs(Chatham House, United Kingdom), Nomura ResearchInstitute (Japan) and Ifri; on the other ten Asian researchInstitutes (China, Korea, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan,Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan). Its aim is to promote the work of these institutes on annual commonly identified themes. The studies are then publi-shed on the Tokyo Club Papers, available at web site:www.tcf.or.jp.In 1999, the G5 agreed topic was the international financial architecture. Studies focused on reform potential,prudential regulations, analysis of the Asian crisis, manage-ment of the international monetary system, appropriateexchange regimes for central and Eastern European coun-tries as well as monetary organization in Asia. A researchmeeting was held in London on 28-29 October 1999.In attendance were Barry Bosworth and Ralph Bryant(Brookings Institution), Rolf Dumke and Heidi Scherman(IFO), Olivier Davanne (Conseil d’analyse économique) andPierre Jacquet (Ifri). Chris Gamble, Brigitte Granville (RIIA),John Forsythe (University of Cambridge), John Flemming(University of Oxford), John Calverley (American ExpressBank, Ltd), Edward Chen (Lingnan College, Hong Kong),Zainal Aznam Yusof (Institute of Strategic and InternationalStudies, Malaysia), Schozo Hashimoto, Hitoshi Okuda,Seiichi Masuyama, C.H. Kwan, Hidehiro Iwaki, TetsuoKondo, Kiyohiko Kukushima, Sir Douglas Wass, TakumiShibata and Yoshindo Takahashi (Nomura ResearchInstitute), Tadao Enoshita and Masao Kundo (Tokyo ClubFoundation for Global Studies).Pierre Jacquet and Olivier Davanne (CAE) presented astudy on "Practicing Exchange Rate Flexibility".

TRANSATLANTIC PROGRAMME

SEMINARS

> 12 JanuaryWhat difference does the euro make in US perceptions of Europe?Simon Serfaty, Center for Strategic andInternational Studies,Washington D.C.> 25 January What future for the Asian miracle?Donald P. Hanna, Director General, AsiaEconomic Research, Goldman Sachs.> 26 March Is an agreement on culture possible and desirable?Pierre Sauvé, researcher and visiting professor,Harvard University.


> THE YEAR OF THE EURO

1999 was also the year of the euro. Ifri studiedboth the impact of the single currency on theinternational monetary system as well as on economic and exchange rate policy in Europe.

The study on the euro and the dollar undertakenby Claude Bismut and Pierre Jacquet within theTokyo Club considers the various factors likely toinfluence the position of the euro. This study ispublished in "Les Notes de l’Ifri "(The Euro and theDollar: An Agnostic View).

The creation of the single currency has strengthe-ned the machinery for economic cooperation in Europe. In a joint study, Making EMU aSuccess, Rudiger Dornbusch (MIT) and PierreJacquet recommend the implementation of aEuropean growth pact based on immediate taxcuts funded by an incremental programme ofpublic expenditure reductions and deregulationto be initiated within the coordination of econo-mic policies. This study led into the work of aplanning group on economic policy coordinationin Europe and was the subject of presentationsgiven at a Chatham House conference and aEurope-Japan seminar at Trier.A seminar was also held on the euro (see page 14).

MULTINATIONALS AND

NATIONAL ECONOMIES: KOREA

Over the past ten years Ifri has been monitoringthe growth of multinationals as a major compo-nent of globalisation. The research programmeheaded by Frédérique Sachwald in 1998-1999and funded by the Korea Foundation analyses theinteraction between corporate strategies and thepath followed by the Korean development modelwith its internationalisation dependent on pene-trating foreign markets and cutting imports.In the 90s globalisation resulted in the growth ofKorean multinationals whereas foreign investorsin Korea were subject to numerous restrictions.This research programme provides an insight intothe radical development of this trend and Korea’s

recent move to facilitate foreign direct investmentaimed at increasing the transfer of technology. Ananalysis of the difficulties encountered by Koreancompanies is valuable in assessing certain strategictrends.

A review seminar was held in November 1999.Contributions were discussed by Alice Amsden, MIT;John Cantwell, Reading University; Pierre Jacquet, Ifri;Randall Jones, OECD; Bruce Kogut,Wharton School; LynnMytelka, University of Ottawa.

This work is being published in Going Multinational (underthe leadership of Frédérique Sachwald).Contributors:Françoise Nicolas, Ifri; Luis Miotti, Paris XIII University;Frédérique Sachwald, Ifri; Serge Perrin, Paris I University;Marc Lautier, University of Rouen; KongRae Lee, STEPI,Seoul.

> INNOVATION AND COMPETITIVENESS

Since the 80s the role of innovation as a funda-mental growth driver is increasingly recognizedand studied. Hence the focus on competitivenessin economic analyses and policies.

TRANSATLANTIC COMPARISONS

Frédérique Sachwald attended a CAE workinggroup on competitiveness during 1999 and gave a presentation on the apparent lag between theinnovation strategies of European companies andthe EU’s innovation policy. This study is publishedin the CAE report Des politiques industrielles auxpolitiques de compétitivité en Europe under the leadership of E. Cohen and J.H. Lorenzi.Two innovation seminars were held.

DEFENCE INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING

The study, undertaken by Frédérique Sachwald,defends the view that restructuring which startedin the US — driven by a sharp decline in militaryspending on the one hand and escalating R&Dcosts on the other — is symptomatic of the

INNOVATION SEMINARS

> 13 AprilIndustrial and innovation policies.What have we learned?This seminar organized jointly by FrédériqueSachwald with the Conseil d’analyse écono-mique discussed the findings of an interna-tional research programme by RichardNelson (Columbia University) on thesources of industrial leadership.Participants:Danièle Archibugi, CNR, Rome; Rémi Barré,OST; Elie Cohen, CNRS and CAE; BenjaminCoriat, Paris XIII University; DominiqueGuellec , OECD; Jean-Her vé Lorenzi,Paris IX University and CAE; RichardNelson, Columbia University; FrédériqueSachwald, Ifri.> 15 OctoberWhat are the drivers of US competitiveness?John Jochelson, president of the Council onCompetitiveness,Washington D.C.; Elie Cohen,CNRS and CAE (transatlantic programme).

13

R E S E A R C H



14

R E S E A R C H


defence industry becoming more "common-place". Both civilian technology as well as politicalpush are eroding the very foundations of defenceindustry exception. This study is published in a"Note de l’Ifri ": Defence Industry Restructuring: theEnd of an Economic Exception.Two seminars were held on this issue.

> REACTIONS TO GLOBALISATION

Ifri in conjunction with the Deutsche Gesellschaftfür Auswärtige Politik (DGAP, Berlin) and theInstitute for International Economics (IIE,Washington D.C.) and with the support of theGerman Marchall Fund of the United States haslaunched a two-year research programme into thestudy of reactions to globalisation.

The programme comprises three aspects: a comparative analysis looking at how economicglobalisation structures the debate in each country, within political parties, NGOs, tradeunions; a critical study of how certain sectors orpolicies are adapting to globalisation (e.g. culturalpolicy in France) followed by a review of suitablepolicies aimed at stimulating the positive effectsof globalisation and mitigate its negative effects.

SEMINARS DEVOTED TO

DEFENCE INDUSTRIES

> 11 FebruaryThe RMA, a strategic and industrialchallenges for Europe?Robert P. Grant, Associate Fellow at US-CREST and Ifri (transatlantic programme).> 20 AprilPolicy towards an emerging transnational defence industryThis seminar, or gan ized jo int ly byFrédérique Sachwald and Ann Markusen(Council on Foreign Relations), broughttogether industrialists and policy-makersfrom French and US Defence Ministries.Participants:Jean Barrio, Lagardère; Graham Chisnall,British Aerospace; Jean Fournet, Délégationgénérale à l’armement, Ministry of Defence;Steve Grundman, United States Departmentof Defence; Joel Johnson, AmericanAerospace Industries Association; Ann R.Markusen; Richard Ravitch, Ravitch Rice &Company; Frédérique Sachwald; GuillaumeSchlumberger, Délégation aux affaires straté-giques, Ministry of Defence.


José Bové, demonstration

in Seattle, United States,

2 December 1999. © A

FP

The Kosovo war emerged as the major challengefor Europe in 1999. However the European

scene was also marked by the installation of a newCommission after the institutional crisis at the endof 1998, the adoption of Agenda 2000, preparationsfor the IGC and lastly the first steps of GehrardSchröder’s "new Germany" assuming the dual presi-dency of the EU and the WEU.

> INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

An attentive follower of Europeanconstruction, Philippe MoreauDefarges has published a new edition of his work Les institutionseuropéennes (The European institu-

tions). Beginning with the 1945 European insti-tutional landscape, he analyses the foundationrole and operation of Europe’s institutions, agenuine institutional laboratory, as well as that ofthe pan european structures, by placing them in apolitical perspective. He considers the issue of cri-sis management (Kosovo in particular) andconcludes on the need for the European institu-tional architecture to be overhauled.

> GERMANY AND EUROPE

The future of Europe was also discussed withinthe framework of the Comité d’études des rela-tions franco-allemandes (Study Group onFranco-German Relations, CERFA) established atIfri with the aim of analysing French and Germanforeign policy as well as issues that have a directimpact on relations between France and Germany.

In Politique étrangère n° 3/99, HansStark, Secretary General of CERFA,analyses the Federal Government’sinternational policy over the lasttwenty years ("De Bonn à Berlin.

D’une politique étrangère à l’autre ? "; From Bonnto Berlin. From one foreign policy to another?).Similarly, he devotes a study to French foreignpolicy ("Frankreich in der Weltpolitik. Weltpolitikals Berufung ? ") in the Länderbericht Frankreichof the Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung.

THE SECURITY POLICY

OF “NEW GERMANY”

This research programme headed by Hans Starktogether with four German academics and resear-chers sets out to demonstrate that the evolutionof German foreign policy — illustrated notablyby the transfer of the Federal Government fromBonn to Berlin — forms part of a policy of conti-nuity (see Publications).

Contributors:Hans-Georg Ehrhart, Institut für Friedensforschung und Sicherheitspolitik, University of Hamburg; EckardLübkemeier, Research Institute at the Friedrich EbertStiftung; Berthold Meyer, Hessische Stiftung Friedens- undKonfliktforschung; Hans Stark, CERFA/Ifri.

EUROPE AND FRANCO-GERMAN RELATIONS

(17 SEPTEMBER, PARIS)

Coorganized by CERFA and the research institutof the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik/DGAP in conjunction with the French ForeignMinistry Policy Planning Staff and the GermanForeign Ministry, the seminar was attended byleading French and German academics andresearchers. It provided an opportunity for fruit-ful discussion of French and German positionson European construction — ahead of the IGC

15

R E S E A R C H


E U R O P E A N I S S U E S

Franco-German summit in Toulouse, 29 May 1999.

Lionel Jospin, Jacques Chirac and Gerhard Schroeder.

© A

FP

16

R E S E A R C H

E U R O P E A N I S S U E S

and future enlargement to countries of Centraland Eastern Europe — as well as on Europeandefence.

Participants:Helmut Elfenkämper, Planungstab, Ministry of ForeignAffairs, Berlin; Nicole Gnesotto, ISS at WE U; Sylvie Goulard,Policy Planning Staff, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Paris; JosefJanning, Centrum für Angwardte Politikforschung; Karl Kaiser,DGAP, Berlin; Thierry de Montbrial, Ifri; Hans Stark,CERFA/Ifri.

> ENLARGEMENT

THE "ROLE OF CENTRAL AND EAST

EUROPEAN ELITES IN ENDING

THE COLD WAR AND REDEFINING THE WORLD" (17 DECEMBER, PARIS)

Opened by Stefan Meller, Polish Ambassador toFrance, and Thierry de Montbrial, this interna-tional conference open to the public, paid tributeto Poland’s pioneering role and that of the publi-cation Kultura in the emancipation of the communist states of Eastern Europe, and to thecontribution of Polish opinion makers in forgingcloser ties with Western Europe. The accountsgiven by opponents of that period — artists, leading journalists (Natalia Gorbanievskaïa),

Nobel prize winner (Czeslaw Milosz), historians(Bronislaw Geremek, Minister of Foreign Affairsof Poland, Adam Michnik), philosophers (LeszekKolakowski) and those of Jerzy Giedrocz, founderand director of Kultura, and by ZbigniewBrzezinski provided a particularly intellectual andhuman perspective to this gathering.

The discussions highlighted the fact that cultural continuity militates in favour of the esta-blishment of a European cultural and politicalidentity. On the French side they were led byRené Rémond of the Académie française, MichelFoucher, adviser to the Minister of ForeignAffairs and director of the Policy Planning Staff,Jacques Le Goff, historian.

INTEGRATION OF CANDIDATE COUNTRIES

FROM CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

Ifri has attached particular importance to thisdimension of enlargement, notably within thecontext of the "Franco-Austrian Centre" (Centrefranco-autrichien pour le rapprochement en Europe,CFA). (See Meetings: CFA)


Nato’s 50th Anniversary

formalizes enlargement,

April 1999.

© N

ATO

The end of the cold war, a deepening and enlar-ging European Union and the new dynamism

of the US economy mean that transatlantic relationsremain more than ever the corner stone of the inter-national system both in economic and trade terms aswell as security.

Since 1997, with the support of the GermanMarshall Fund of the United States, Ifri has gradually built up the transatlantic dimension ofits activities. This effort has resulted in: • regular seminars being held with American

guest speakers on themes central to relationsbetween the United States and Europe (the"transatlantic seminars");

• the focus on involving American academics,business leaders or senior policy makers in thevarious events organized by the institute on awide range of issues;

• the publication of a series of "transatlanticpapers", allowing French or US authors to maketheir views, positions and recommendations

known and to contribute to open debate onboth sides (see Research: Ifri and corporate circles,and Publications).

Conference:The American Enterprise Institute (AEI) and Ifri organizeda conference entitled "The Transatlantic Communityand Post-Cold War Challenges: Where do weDisagree and Why?" , from 9-11 April near Chantilly.This conference was part of the "New Atlantic Initiative"launched in 1996 under the aegis of AEI aimed at streng-thening the atlantic community. It brought together almosta hundred American and European opinion leaders,including Central and Eastern Europe, and addressed keyissues of common interest in the field of economics (stateof transatlantic economies, European integration, WTO)and security (future of Nato, European defence, implica-tions of the Kosovo war…). Ifri received support from theGerman Marshall Fund.The meeting was organized by Jeffrey Gedmin from AEIand Pierre Jacquet from Ifri.

17

R E S E A R C H


T R A N S A T L A N T I C P R O G R A M M E

18

R E S E A R C H


Ifri founder member of the Council for AsianEurope Cooperation (CAEC) together with 5

other European institutes and 6 Asian institutesenjoys a prominent position in European and Asiannetworks of expertise.

> SECURITY ISSUES IN ASIA-PACIFIC

This research programme focuses on analysingthe situation in the Korean peninsula and onthe Taiwan question. More generally it reviewsstrategic developments in South-East Asia. The2nd annual meeting of the Asia Pacific SecurityForum-APSF was an opportunity for intra-Asian and Euro-Asian discussions on the rangeof regional security issues.

1999 ASIA PACIFIC SECURITY FORUM CONFERENCE:"THE DYNAMICS OF ASIA-PACIFIC SECURITY:A FIN DE SIÈCLE ASSESSMENT" (17-18 DECEMBER)

This Conference jointly organizedby François Godement with theInstitute for National PolicyResearch (INPR) of Taiwan washeld in Taipei and was opened by

the Defense Minister of Taiwan. The participants— US, European and Asian scholars and academics — discussed the balance of power inAsia-Pacific and the impact of information technologies on regional security. They ended byconducting a review of the different strategies —bilateralism, multilateralism, or "minilateralism"— likely to prevail in the area.François Godement gave a presentation on "Sino-American Relations: Is There a New Paradigm?".

Furthermore Ifri’s links with CSCAP Europeallow it to take an active part in the informal dialogue on regional security (second track) withAsian countries (see CSCAP Europe).

The Annual Plenary meeting of CSCAPEurope was held at Ifri on 18 June. A focal point for Europeans on security issues in

Asia-Pacific, the meeting presented a mixedreview of Europe’s role in the Korean peninsula.The analysis of reactions of hostility and nationa-lism in China notably after the Chinese Embassyin Kosovo incident laid the blame squarely on theintervention "Kosovo doctrine". Lastly the debateon the impact of the financial crisis on regionalsecurity underscored the opposition between"regionalists" and "globalists" in Europe.

SINO-US RELATIONS

China is the focus of permanent research at Ifri.Chinese domestic policy, relations with Taiwan,China’s place in the world and in Asia are moni-tored regularly. In Politique étrangère n° 3/99,François Godement looks at the cyclical evolution of the Chinese continent over the pasttwenty years ("Chine : la transition sans fin";China, the endless transition).

As part of studies on security issues in AsiaPacific, a restricted working group on the Statusof Sino-US relations, coordinated by FrançoisGodement met on 21-22 October. This sessionallowed four American and Chinese specialists toexchange views based on written contributions.The discussion was articuladed around the inter-action of domestic and economic factors as wellas the strategic dimension in Sino-US relations.The contributions presented at this session are inpublication.

Participants:Shen Dingli, Center for American Studies, FudanUniversity; Elizabeth Economy, The Council on ForeignRelations; François Godement, Ifri; David Shambaugh,George Washington University; Zhang Yebai, Institute ofAmerican Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

A study by François Godement and XavierCrombe on "La participation de la Chine aux dia-logues multilatéraux de sécurité en Asie-Pacifique"(China’s participation in Asia Pacific multilateralsecurity dialogue) was published in Chine, Japon,ASEAN. Compétition stratégique ou coopération ?(Strategic competition or cooperation?).

A S I A N I S S U E S

CSCAP EUROPE

Achieving full membership of CSCAP(Council for Security and Cooperation in the Asia Pacific) in December 1998 afterobserver status since its creation in 1993,CSCAP Europe is the informal suggestionsand information channel on European poli-cies towards Asia for the Asean RegionalForum (ARF). The European committeecomprises 80 members from 12 Europeancountries: officials in their own capacity,experts and academics, representatives ofthe private sector, all sharing an interest instrategic developments in Asia Pacific. Thesecretariat of CSCAP Europe formerlybased at IISS in London is now provided byIfri. François Godement is co-chairman ofCSCAP Europe.Internet site: www.cscapeurope.org

19

R E S E A R C H



> EMERGING FROM CRISIS IN ASIAAND REGIONAL COOPERATION

An immediate analysis of the Asian crisis led tothe publication in early 1999 of The Downsizingof Asia, by François Godement. Regionalrestructuring in South East Asia was closelymonitored by Sophie Boisseau du Rocher ("Lasécurité de l’Asie du Sud-Est à l’épreuve de la criseéconomique"; South East Asian security tested bythe economic crisis) in Chine, Japon, ASEAN.Compétition stratégique ou coopération ?

In RAMSES 2000, François Godement considersthe establishment of a "regionalism open on theworld" in Asia and notes the interdependencereluctance that hinders such a venture ("États-nations ou régions en Asie orientale ? "; Nation-states or regions in East Asia?).

Discussion of Europe’s possible role in Asia,strengthened since the ASEM summit was heldin Bangkok in March 1996, constitutes a furtherimportant area of Ifri’s research, notably as part of its ties with the Council for Asia-EuropeCooperation (CAEC).

EUROPE-ASIA COOPERATION

OVER AND ABOVE THE FINANCIAL CRISIS

In the context of the work undertaken by CAEC ahead of the ASEM (Asia EuropeMeeting) in Autumn 2000, Ifri convened on 13-14 September one of the three groups mandatedby CAEC on "Monetary and Financial Policies inEuropean Asia: Impact of the Crisis and Outlookfor Euro-Asian Cooperation".

This conference organized jointly by FrançoisGodement and Chia Siow-Yue of the Institute ofSoutheast Asian Studies (ISEAS) of Singapore,was attended by leading figures from Asia andEurope. The working group recommended theadoption of Asian monetary cooperation mea-sures and stressed European interest in favour of the emergence of regional centers stronglystructured around economic growth.

Françoise Nicolas gave a presentation on"Capital Flows and Exchange Rate Regimes inEast-Asia: Options and Challenges".

The results of this work, submitted to the plenarymeeting of CAEC in Tokyo in May 2000, werepublished in "Les Cahiers de l’Ifri ".

Coordinators:Chia Siow-yue, ISEAS; François Godement, Ifri.Members of the working group:Ahn Choong Yong, Graduate School of InternationalStudies, University Chung-Ang, Seoul; SuthiphandChirathivat, Center for European Studies, UniversityChulalongkorn, Bangkok; Philippe Delhaise, ThomsonBanwatch-Asia, Hong Kong; Jesus Estasnilao, University ofAsia and the Pacific, Manille, former Minister of Finance,Philippines; Fan Gang, National Research Institute,Beijing; Heiner Flassbeck, former State Secretary,Germany; Daniel Gros, Centre for European PolicyStudies, Brussels; Sahoko Kaji, University Keio, Tokyo;Takashi Kiuchi, The Long-Term Credit Bank of Japan Ltd,Tokyo; Jean-Pierre Lehmann, International Institute forManagement Development (IMD), Lausanne; StefanoManzocchi, University of Perugia; Thierry de Montbrial,Ifri; Suzanne Mundschenk, Association pour l’Union monétaire de l’Europe, Paris; Françoise Nicolas, Ifri;Simon Nuttal, member of the CAEC board of directors,College of Europe, Bruges; Jean-Michel Severino, WorldBank,Washington D.C.; Augustine Tan, National Universityof Singapore; Soogil Young, Permanent Delegation ofSouth Korea to the OECD.

> BILATERAL DIALOGUES

THE FRANCO-CHINESE DIALOGUE

This dialogue resulted in the holding of thesecond Ifri-Forum of China Reformers meetingon 7-8 October organized by FrançoisGodement. The first meeting was held in Beijingin 1998. Attended by researchers, academics andpolicy makers, this meeting established a Franco-Chinese dialogue on social economic conditionsfor stability, the consequences of the Asian crisisand regional security. The Chinese delegation

Akihiko Tanaka, François Godement,Yoshihide Soeya.

Meeting at JIIA,Tokyo.

20

R E S E A R C H


was headed by Li Junru, vice-president of theReformers Forum and Wang Jisi, director of theInstitute for American Studies of Beijing.On 21st September morever, Ifri received aChinese delegation headed by Zhu Qizhen, former minister of Foreign Affairs and formerChinese ambassador to the United States.

FRANCO-JAPANESE DIALOGUE

The dialogue initiated since 1991 with the JapanInstitute of International Affairs (JIIA) representsthe backbone to this program.

> First Franco-Japanese Seminar on Security and Defence Issues (11-12 January)

Representatives from the French and JapaneseMinistry of Defense and Ministry of ForeignAffairs attended the first seminar on Franco-Japanese cooperation in the field of security and defence, in Tokyo with JIIA. This meetingformed part of events during the "Year of France"

in Japan. Engaging high level dialogue betweenthe two countries, it provided an opportunity todiscuss European defence policy and develop-ment in the Japanese defence system.

The study by Régine Serra onJapanese defence policy develop-ments ("Le monde politique japonaisen quête d’une nouvelle politique de

défense"; Japan seeks a new defence policy) waspublished in Chine, Japon, ASEAN. Compétitionstratégique ou coopération ? (see Publications).

INTERNATIONALISM OF JAPAN

Régine Serra resided as visiting fellow at theInstitute for International Economic Studies (IIES -Toyota Institute), Tokyo, from 22 November -22 December. During her stay, she undertook astudy on the Japan’s perspective of internationali-sation and on the opening initiated since theNakasone Era 1982-87.


50th Anniversary

of the Popular Republic of China.

> MIDDLE EAST

After a three year freeze in the peace process, thecoming to power of Ehud Barak’s labour governmentafter early elections in May 1999 stands out as themajor event of the year in the regional equation.

In the Gulf region, the status quo resulting from thewar in Koweit persists. However US policy of dualcontainment towards Iraq, under internationalembargo for almost ten years, and Iran is now strongly criticised even amongst the leading circles in Washington.

ARMY/POLITICAL LEADERSHIP TIES

On a strategic level, the political culture of coun-tries in the region remains dominated by thebalance of power inherited from the Cold War.The peace process and the neutralisation of Iraqipower have not contributed to curbing the armsrace. In both Israel and Egypt the military andpolitical leadership remain closely interwoven.

In 1998 Ifri conducted a researchprogramme headed by MayChartouni-Dubarry on the highlyspecific relationship between the

nation of Israel and its army (The Israeli ChangingAgenda: Army/Society Relations). Following thisstudy, in 1999 a further study also undertaken byMay Chartouni-Dubarry considered all aspects ofthe "Links between Army and political leadershipin Egypt".

> MEDITERRANEAN

After a chaotic start, the EMP (Euro-MediterraneanPartnership) process launched in November 1995 in Barcelona is now on track. The freeze in theIsraeli-Arab peace process jeopardised the wholearchitecture aimed at establishing a free trade areabased on shared peace and prosperity between theEU 15 and 12 Southern Mediterranean partners.The Stuttgart Summit (Barcelona III) held in April1995 led to a temporary easing of the Middle East

obstacle by finding a precarious balance betweenIsraeli and Arab positions.

"COMPLIMENTARITY BETWEEN EU & US IN THE ARAB-ISRAELI PEACE PROCESS:THE IMPLICATION FOR EURO

MEDITERRANEAN PARTNERSHIP"

This study carried out within the EuroMesco (seep. 22) network is the outcome of work under-taken by a small working group which met atIfri in October 1998 and in July 1999 underthe leadership of May Chartouni-Dubarry.The group’s discussions attended by Arabs, anIsraeli, an American and Europeans addressedthree cross-cutting topics:• The comparative advantages between US and EU.• The comparative advantages between EU mem-

ber states.• The receptiveness of local players.

The report drawn by May Chartouni-Dubarrynotes that, although US and EU differ in theirapproach to the peace process, this does not reflectdiverging interest but rather a difference in priori-ty setting ("globalist" approach to the area in theUS, "regionalist" approach by Europeans). It fur-ther states that for various reasons, for all regionalplayers and despite repeated calls for Europe toplay a more active role, the US remains the mainnegotiating partner. It ends with recommendationsaimed at optimizing de facto complementarity andleveraging the EU’s competitive advantage.

Participants:May Chartouni-Dubarry, Ifri; Graham Füller, RANDCorporation, United States; Manuel Hassassian, Universityof Bethlehem, Palestine; Mark A. Heller, Jaffee Center forStrategic Studies, Israel; Volker Perthes, StiftungWissenschaft und Politik, Germany; Nadim Shehadi, Centrefor Lebanese Studies, Great Britain.

INSTITUTE FOR

MEDITERRANEAN POLICY STUDIES (IEPM)

In 1999 an Institut d’études politiques méditerra-néennes was established with Ifri and ISPI

21

R E S E A R C H


M I D D L E E A S T A N D M E D I T E R R E A N

SEMINARS

> 28 MayUS Middle East Policy:Perspectives on Gulf SecuritySpeaker:Dr. Jerrold Green, Director, Center forMiddle East Public Policy, RAND Corporation.Facilitator:May Chartouni-Dubarry.> 18 NovemberIsrael:The New Peace ChallengesSpeakers:Mark Heller, Principal Resarch Associate,Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel AvivUniversity; Alain Dieckhoff, Research direc-tor, CERI/CNRS.Facilitator:May Chartouni-Dubarry.Moderator:Dominique Moïsi.

22

R E S E A R C H

MIDDLE EAST AND MEDITERRANEAN

(Istituto per gli Studi di Politica Internazionale,Milan), as cofounders. The head-office of thisinstitute is located in Monaco.

For the first three years Thierry de Montbrialwill chair IEPM. May Chartouni-Dubarry willcoordinate research work for Ifri. Founded underMonaco law, IEPM was established with the support of the Principality of Monaco and organizations from both France and Monaco.

As an independent institute, IEPM has a twofoldmission:• Promote research and discussion at the

highest level on all Mediterranean issues.• Provide a forum for political and business

leaders, academics, experts as well as mediarepresentatives from across the region.

During the launch phase of the institute(December 1999), Ifri focused on research topicsstressing Europe-Eastern Mediterranean ties:"The EU’s role in consolidating and multilatera-lizing peace in the Middle East"; "The involve-ment of Northern Europe in constructing a Euro-Mediterranean area"; "Is there a MediterraneanEurope?"; "The European Union in Israeli foreignand security policy".

> MAGHREB

The June early elections in Algeria and AbdelazizBouteflika’s coming to power raised hopes of an endto the crisis. Ifri chose to address the Maghreb as a whole at a seminar devoted to Maghreb-US relations.

TOWARDS A NEW DIMENSION

IN MAGHREB-US RELATIONS

(8 OCTOBER)

This seminar organized by RémyLeveau and Khadija Mohsen-Finan brought together leadingAmerican, Arab and French resear-chers. Participants assessed the strategic and economic issues thatthe Maghreb raises for the UnitedStates, considered possible areas of collaboration and reviewed

perceptions of US influence in the region whereAmerican interest is concentrated on Algeria.American discussants stressed the absence of anyUS regional policy in the area, although Algerianleaders seem to be waving the threat of closer tiesin order to encourage a bolder response fromEuropeans.

Participants:Jameledine Chichti, University of Tunis; Mehdi Dazi,Scudder Kemper Investments, New York; Akram Ellyas, LaTribune, Paris; John Paul Entélis, Fordham University, NewYork; Nicole Grimaud, CERI/FNSP, Paris; George Joffe,RIIA, London; Rémy Leveau, Institut d’études politiques,Paris, Ifri; Luis Martinez, CERI/FNSP; William Quandt,University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Fahd Yata, La NouvelleTribune, Casablanca;William Zartman, SAIS,Washington.

> 15 DecemberAlgeria: Prospects for an end to the crisis?Participants:Naoufel Brahimi El Mili, financial expert, lecturer at Institutd’études politiques, Paris;Akram Ellyas, journalist, La Tribune,Paris.Facilitators:Khadija Mohsen-Finan, Ifri; Rémy Leveau, professor atInstitut d’études politiques, Paris, Ifri.

EUROMESCO

EuroMeSCo (Euro-Mediterranean StudyCommission) is a non governmental net-work set up in 1996 with the financial support of the European Commission com-prising independent foreign policy institutesfrom 27 signatory states of the BarcelonaDeclaration which established the EuroMediterranean Partnership (EMP). MayChartouni-Dubarry represents Ifri on theSteering Committee.EuroMeSCo seeks to promote a politicaland security dialogue within civil society andmore particularly amongst experts, resear-chers and academics acting as confidence-building measures for EPM.


Map showing EuroMeSCo member institutes.

Image from the web site: www.euromesco.net

The local conflicts that have been waged inCentral Africa throughout the 90s have nume-

rous implications. With no in-house expertise onAfrica, Ifri commissioned a study on migratory flowsfrom François Gaulme, editor of Afrique contem-poraine and seminar director at the École spécialemilitaire Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan.

The study "Migrations and conflicts in centralAfrica: historical perspective" undescores theinteraction between conflict development andpopulation flows in the Great Lakes region ofAfrica.

It is based on the historical analysis of twoexamples (Great Lakes and lower Congo in pre-colonial times) culminating in a detailed study ofcurrent demographic and conflict rationales inRwanda and the Congo Republic (FormerlyCongo-Brazzaville).

The population movement dialectic, inclinationto withdrew into ethnic fortresses – new conflicts,shows no early sign of abating.

23

R E S E A R C H


A F R I C A

24

R E S E A R C H

G L O B A L I S S U E S

NEW EUROPEAN

IDENTITY AND CITIZENSHIP

In July Ifri launched a two year research pro-gramme entitled: "New European Identity andCitizenship".

This study undertaken with the support of theFord Foundation, under the scientific leadershipof Rémy Leveau and run by Khadija Mohsen-Finan considers the new forms of citizenship andidentity that have emerged with the settlement ofimmigrant populations in various countries ofEurope.

Through their claims to citizenship, shifting religious identities and by occupying the highground both locally and at European level, thesepopulations challenge longstanding citizenshipmodels and give full meaning to the concept ofsupranational European citizenship. Howeverwill such European citizenship include all resi-dents of Europe or will it increase the exclusion ofcertain migrants?

The specific studies carried out as part of the project assess the implications of three emergingcitizenship trends:• The impact of the demand for islam.• The emergence of undocumented migrants and

their inclusion in an increasingly stratifiedsociety.

• Lastly the rising tide of ordinary or politicalrefugees who are challenging European citizen-ship on their own terms.

France and Germany are the focus of compari-son, however other European countries in whichsurveys have been made are also considered. Alarge team of researchers is involved in the study.For France: Rémy Leveau, Catherine Wihtol deWenden, Vincent Geisser, Franck Frégosi,Vassouv Wudamalay, Riva Kastoryano and HamitBorzalslan; for Germany: Werner Ruf, KlausGeiger and Jamil Malik; for Belgium: MarioMartiniello and Monique Renharts; for Italy:Giovanna Zincone, Ottavia Smith and Giovanna

Campani; for Spain: Bernabé Lopez Garcia andJoachim Arango: lastly for Britain: Danièle Jolyand Karima Imtiaz.

GLOBAL THINKNET CONFERENCE

The Japan Center for International Exchange(JCIE) headed by Tadashi Yamamoto and Ifriorganized the "3rd Global ThinkNet Conference"on 18-19 March in Paris. Bringing together someforty analysts and representatives of independentresearch institutes, the conference addressed thecomplex relations between globalisation, gover-nance and civil society, theme of a major researchproject undertaken by JCIE.

The first session considered the role of civil societyin the governance of societies as well as challengescommon to the various development models.Session two focussed on the role of transnationalcivil society in international governance. Thethird session attempted to assess the role of research institutions (in the field of internationalrelations) in the coming period and examinedways of strengthening international cooperationnetworks. In conclusion participants sought todefine a common research agenda.


25

Ifri makes available to its members andpartners a network of French and foreignspecialists on international issues. Itreceives prominent international figuresfrom France and abroad including manydistinguished leaders on official or privatevisits to France for weekly conference-debates, seminars, roundtables and infor-mal meetings. The events organized byIfri are aimed at fostering fertile interac-tion between research and debate.Its objectives are twofold :• create ties between the State and civil

society;• promote discussion between academic,

economic and administrative circles,between practitioners (diplomats, civilservants, military staff, internationalcivil servants) as well as teachers andresearchers.

M E E T I N G S A N D D E B A T E S

26


X X T H A N N I V E R S A R Y

> INTO THE 21ST CENTURYGLOBALISATION AT WORK3-4 NOVEMBER

To mark its twentieth anniversary Ifri organizedan international conference at the Cité des scienceset de l’industrie of la Villette on the interdepen-dent themes of globalisation and Europeanconstruction.During two half-day plenary sessions, 1,500 par-ticipants including over 80 eminent figures invited to Paris for the occasion were able to hearthe viewpoints of some of the leading players of contemporary international policy whose presentations were exceptionally informative. Ahalf day was devoted to six parallel workshopsfocusing on topics addressed in RAMSES 2000.

Among the speakers, Hubert Védrine, Minister ofForeign Affairs, presented his realistic but ebullientvision of the world at the turn of the century. Ofnoteworthy interest was his assessment of relationsbetween Europe and the United States and his

reference to so called "Western neo-imperialism". He believes Europecould serve as the catalyst for theemergence of a genuine "internatio-nal community".

Jean-Marie Lustiger, Cardinal-Archbishop of Paris, recalled thatthe church had long ago implemen-ted the concept of globalisation and

called for its self regulation.

Pedro Malan, Minister of Economyand Finance, Brazil, spoke outagainst a universalist form of glo-balisation dominated by Western

civilization and called for the preservation ofnational identities.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of South Africa,Nkosazama Clarice Zuma, critici-zed the process of exclusion brought

about by globalisation. She deplored the resulting

reduction in state sovereignty, adding that manydeveloping countries suffer from too little ratherthan too much state and inveighed against theagricultural protection of industrialised countries.

President Henri Konan Bédié ofIvory Coast, now dissmissed fromoffice, followed up by stressing theneed for international assistance and

debt forgiveness of developing countries urgingthem to set up reasonably protected regional markets.

C. Fred Bergsten, Director of theInstitute for International Econo-mics, wondered how globalisationwould evolve and recommended

the adoption of new international rules of the game.

Jean-Marie-Messier,CEO of Vivendi, andAndré Villeneuve,Executive Director of

Reuters Group plc, gave the perspective of bigbusiness.

Aleksander Kwasniewski, the PolishPresident, sought to define the "cul-tural code" of Europe, this "commonspiritual area based on freedom and

therefore democracy but also on awareness of socialproblems, solidarity with the weakest". He clearlystated his faith in the European success.

Lord Dahrendorf and Karl Kaiser(photo) referred to the difficulties ofEuropean construction: the formerrecalled that Europe had failed to

integrate the Eastern countries of the continent atthe turn of the century and urged the EuropeanUnion to see it as its duty not to erect a wallaround its outer borders (notably with Ukraine,Russia and Turkey) and to keep its promise to theBalkans; the latter stressed the need for the EUnot to compromise on the rules of the acquis communautaire and to adopt the reforms thatwould enable it to function at 28 including thedeepening of enhanced cooperation.


Thierry de Montbrial underscoredthe time factor in the Europeanconstruction process — a test labo-ratory for the new political unit that

will emerge in the next century.

Christian Sautter outlined hisviews on international trade regula-tion setting out the conditions, ashe sees them, for successful globali-

sation, which include cultural diversity, the pre-cautionary principle as well as environnementaland social standards. He too called for greatergenerosity towards the poor countries.

Lord Robertson, the new SecretaryGeneral of Nato, welcomed theadvent of a stronger European securityand defence identity within Nato.

Teo Chee Hean, SingaporeanMinister, also addressed securityissues but within the context ofAsia. He stated bluntly: "the post

cold war world is not multipolar. The malaise isbecause globalisation is in fact americanisation".Noting that it is impossible to undo globalisation,he called for a redefinition of concepts such as:government, state, nations interests as well as theneed to renovate certain institutions.

Alain Richard, French DefenceMinister, hailed as a major step forward for European Defence theconstructive and coherent role

played by Europeans during the crisis in Kosovo.

For Brent Scowcroft, the securityof the European continent duringthe 21st century will only be assuredthrough close cooperation between

the United States, Europe and Nato. He doeshowever make this contingent upon Russia joi-ning an overarching structure covering all securityissues of the continent (a revamped OSCE) andthat Europe should not be in competition withthe United States.

Andrei Kokoshine, vice-Chair-man, Russian Academy of Sciences,asked the West to help Russia joininternational markets notably in the

field of defence industries.

Johannes Rau, the new Presidentof the Federal Republic of Ger-many, also presented a vision ofEurope rooted in culture. He stressed

the urgent need for a radical reform of Europeaninstitutions and vigorously supported the idea ofa federal European constitution.

Javier Solana, High Representativeof the European Union for Com-mon Foreign and Security Policy(CFSP), set on his vision of a

"European model" society and the resultingprinciples for the Union’s external policy.

On the basis of his own country’sremarkable experience in managingthe emergence of the informationsociety, the President of Finland

Martti Ahtisaari urged Europe to take the lead inits development and become "the continent whichreconciles technology, economy, balanced social development and the rights of the individual ", andoffered a refreshing and dynamic vision of globa-lisation.

Lastly, Abdlatif Youssef Al-Hamad, Chairmanof the Arab Fund for Economic and SocialDevelopment, presented a candid view of theArab world and explained why he did not belie-ve that the countries of the region would neces-sary count among "history’s losers".

Hisashi Owada, Chair-man of the Japan Ins-titute of InternationalAffairs (Tokyo), and

Ismaïl Kadaré, of the Académie des sciencesmorales et politiques, each gave their vision of the impact of globalisation on the cultural environment.

27




André Villeneuve, Pedro Malan, C. Fred Bergsten.

Congress room,

Cité des sciences et de l’industrie.

Johannes Rau,Thierry de Montbrial, Javier Solana.

28



WORKSHOPS

Worsening Inequalities in the WorldMasood Ahmed, vice-President, World Bank (Washin-gton, D.C.)Assia Bensalah Alaoui, Director of Studies, Centred’études stratégiques (Rabat)Théodore Columbis, Director General, ELIAMEP(Athens)Yoichi Funabashi, Diplomatic correspondent andcolumnist, Asahi Shimbun (Tokyo)Moisés Naïm, Editor, Foreign Policy (Washington, D.C.)Jusuf Wanandi, Director, Center for Strategic and International Studies (Djakarta)

The New Security DimensionsGilles Andréani, Senior Fellow, International Institute forStrategic Studies (London)Christoph Bertram, Director, Stiftung Wissenschaft undPolitik (Berlin)John Chipman, Director, International Institute for Strategic Studies (London)Han Sung-Joo, Chairman, Ilmin International RelationsInstitute (Seoul)James Hoge, Editor, Foreign Affairs (New York)Andrei Kokoshine, vice-Chairman, Russian Academy ofSciences (Moscow)Winston Lord, Former assistant to the Secretary ofState (United States)

International Financial ArchitectureC. Fred Bergsten, Director, Institute for InternationalEconomics (Washington, D.C.)Rudiger Dornbusch, Professor, MIT (Cambridge, Mass.)Yoshindo Takahashi, Dean and Director, NomuraSchool of Advanced Management (Tokyo)Martin Wolf, Editor, Financial Times (London)Soogil Young, Ambassador, Permanent representative ofthe Republic of Korea to the OECD

International Relations and Sustainable DevelopmentRichard Cooper, Professor, Harvard University (Cam-bridge, Mass.)Tommy Koh, Director, Asia-Europe Foundation (Singapore)Jessica Mathews, President, Carnegie Endowment forInternational Peace (Washington, D.C.)

Alvaro Vasconcelos, Director, Instituto de Estudos Estratégicos e Internacionais (Lisbon)Tadashi Yamamoto, Chairman, Japan Center for Inter-national Exchange (Tokyo)

Law and GlobalisationLord Dahrendorf, Member of the House of LordsKarl Kaiser, Director, Deustche Gesellschaft für AuswärtigePolitik (Berlin)Jim Hoagland, Editor, Washington Post (Washington D.C.)Hisashi Owada, Chairman, Japan Institute of Internatio-nal Affairs (Tokyo)Sergueï Rogov, Director, Institute of United States andCanada (Moscow)

Science, Information Society and InterdependenceJohn Deutch, Professor, MIT (Cambridge, Mass.)Philippe Kourilsky, Professor, Collège de France (Paris)Cesare Merlini, Chairman, Istituto Affari Internazionali(Rome)Joël de Rosnay, Director of Strategy, Cité des sciences etde l’industrie (Paris)Eugene Skolnikoff, Professor, MIT (Cambridge, Mass.)

On Wednesday 3 November, Philippe Faure,Managing Director of GAULTMILLAU, hosted areception for the participants at the PavillonLedoyen with the support of leading French chefs.

OTHER FOREIGN GUESTS OF IFRI

Bill Antholis, Visiting researcher, German Marshall Fundof the United States (United States)Andras Balogh, Ambassador, Director General, Hunga-rian Institute of International Affairs (Hungary)Vladimir Baranovsky, Deputy Director, Institute ofWorld Economy and International Relations (Russia)Boris Biancheri, Chairman, Istituto per gli Studi di PoliticaInternazionale (Italy)Vladimir Bilcik, Deputy Director, Slovak Foreign PolicyAssociation (Slovak Republic)Joachim Bitterlich, Ambassador of the Federal Repu-blic of Germany to Spain (Germany)Christophe Carle, Deputy Director, UNIDIR (France)Patrick Chamorel, Stanford University (United States)


Javier Solana.

Andreï Kokochine, Lord Robertson, Alain Richard,

Dominique Moïsi, François Godement.

Helmut Sonnenfeldt.

Caïus Traian Dragomir,Ambassador, Editor, RomanianLife (Romania)Andriy Fialko, Deputy Director, Foreign Policy Directo-rate (Ukraine)Chris Gamble, Director,The Royal Institute of Interna-tional Affairs, Chatham House (United Kingdom)Ferenc Gazdag, Director, Hungarian Institute for Stra-tegic and Defence Studies (Hungary)Georgy Granasztoi, Chairman, Batthyany Foundation(Hungary)Steve Grand, Director, Policy and Opinion Leaders Program, German Marshall Fund of the United States(United States)Charles Grant, Director, The Centre for EuropeanReform (United Kingdom)Bohdan Hawrylyshyn, Director, International Centrefor Policy Studies (Switzerland)Brenda Hunter, Executive Assistant, The PotomacFoundation (United States)Michael Iovenko, President, The French-AmericanFoundation (United States)Peter Jankowitsch, Secretary General, Franco-AustrianCentre (Austria)George Joffe, The Royal Institute of International Affairs(United Kingdom)Bogdan Klich, Director, Institute for Strategic Studies(Poland)Ingo Kolboom, Professor, Geschäftsführender Direktor,Institut für Romanistik/Cifraqs (Germany)Helmut Kramer, Professor, Wifo, Österreichisches Insti-tut für Wirtschaftsforschung (Austria)Arrigo Levi, Foreign Relations Adviser to the Presidentof the Republic (Italy)Raimundas Lopata, Director, Institute of InternationalRelations and Political Science (Lithuania)Peter Ludlow, Director, Centre for European PolicyStudies (Belgium)James G.Lowenstein, APCO Associates (United States)Daniel McDonald, President,The Potomac Foundation(United States)Christopher Mallaby GCMG GCVO, FormerAmbassador (United Kingdom)Dame Pauline Neville-Jones, vice-Chairman strategy,Hawkpoint Partners (United Kingdom)Alexandr Ort, Director of studies, Centre of Interna-tional Studies Jan Masaryk (Czech Republic)Jose Maria Oyarzabal, Fundación BBU (Spain)

29




Hubert Védrine.

« Vigilant scrutineer of the geopolitical universe, Ifri has over a generationrisen to the rank of one of the world’s foremost global institutes. »

Jacques Chirac, "France in a multipolar world",speech given at the Palais de l’Elysée, 4 November 1999.

« The leading French "think tank" […] a "think tank", a policy studiescentre encompassing both academia and the private sector, dependent on neither and devoted to the study of international relations. Ifri hasproved its worth becoming for scholars, the media and politicians anindependent forum for thought and discussion. »

Alain Frachon and Eric Izraelewicz, Le Monde, 26 October 1999.

« Founded in 1979 by Thierry de Montbrial, Ifri has become one of Europe’s leading centres for foreign policy studies, a focal point open to the world where ideas that drive major international initiatives germinate. »

François Schlosser, Le Nouvel Observateur, 14-20 October 1999.

« Ifri remains the only French institute for research and debate on international relations capable of rivaling anglo-saxon think tanks. »

Paula Boyer, La Croix, 3 November 1999.

30



Charalambos Pamboukis, Secretary General, Ministryof Foreign Affairs (Greece)Andrew J. Pierre, Jennings Randolph Director ofResearch, United States Institute of Peace (USA)Federico Rampini, European Edior, La Repubblica (Italy)John E. Rielly, President,The Chicago Council on ForeignRelations (USA)Jim Rollo, co-Director, Sussex European Institute (Uni-ted Kingdom)Panagiotis Roumeliotis, Special Representative of theEuropean Union to the Process of Royaumont (Greece)Wolfgang Schallenberg, President, Austrian Asso-ciation for Foreign Policy and International Relations(Austria)Ingrid Shikova, Director, Centre for European Studies(Bulgaria)Stefano Silvestri, vice-President, Istituto Affari Internazio-nali (Italy)Eugen Simion, President, Romanian Academy (Rumania)Helmut Sonnenfeldt, The Brookings Institution (USA)Immo Stabreit, President, Deutsche Gesellschaft fürAuswärtige Politik (Germany)Alfred van Staden, Director, Netherlands Institute ofInternational Relations (Netherlands)Seyfi Tashan, Director, Foreign Policy Institute (Turkey)Anatoly Torkunov, Deputy Director, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (Russia)Ivan Tuline, vice-Rector, Moscow State Institute of Inter-national Relations (Russia)Dario Valcarcel, Adviser to the Incipe, Director of Politica Exterior (Spain)Georges Vilain XIIII, vice-President of the Council,Royal Institute of International Relations (Belgium)Franz Vranitsky, Former Chancellor of AustriaRobert Wade-Gery, BI (United Kingdom)Philippe de Woot, Professor, Université Catholique ofLouvain (Belgium)

After the conference, President Jacques Chirachosted a reception at the Elysée Palace at whichhe gave an important speech, a powerful plea for building a multipolar world in which theEuropean Union should naturally play a promi-nent role.He further called for a strengthening of interna-tional institutions both in economic and securityterms, stressing the need to combat "exclusion"that grows with globalisation.The celebration ended with a diner hosted byAnne-Claire Taittinger, Chairman of the Boardof the Société du Louvre at the Hôtel de Crillon.

Part of the official programme for the year 2000 celebra-tion in France, this conference received the support ofMission 2000 en France, the Cité des Sciences et de l’Indus-trie, the Bosch Stiftung, the Ford Foundation, the GermanMarshall Fund of the United States, the Potomac Founda-tion as well as Reuters, Concorde Hotels and Air France.


Jean-Marie Lustiger, Pedro Malan.

Thierry de Montbrial.

Dominique Moïsi, Hisashi Owada, Ismaïl Kadaré.

> LATIN AMERICA> 15 MarchVenezuela and its environmentJorge Giordani, Minister of State of Venezuela, Ministerfor Planning and coordination, and Maritza IziguirrePorra, Minister of Finance, governor for Venezuela of theInteramerican Development Bank.> 23 MarchMexico: from financial crisis to political modernisation Xavier de Villepin, Chairman of the French SenateForeign Affairs, Defence and Armed Forces Committee.

> ASIA> 4 February After the Asian crash: a major social crisisRichard Werly, journalist, La Vie.> 6 AprilThe Far East after the stormDomingo L. Siazon, Minister of Foreign Affairs of thePhilippines.> 7 AprilPakistan and security in South AsiaMuhammad Siddique Khan Kanju, Deputy Minister,Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan.> 25 MayThe return of AsiaRobert Cooper, Director, Asia Pacific, Foreign Office,London.

> CIS> 1 FebruaryAzerbaidjan and security in the region Tofig Zoulfougarov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaidjan.> 30 MarchProspects for peace in the Caucasus: hopes and realitiesKhosrov Haroutunian, President of the NationalAssembly of Armenia.> 27 OctoberDaghestan,Tchetchnia: another in the Caucasus?Georges Charachidze, Professor at Institut national deslangues et civilisations orientales (INALCO), and CharlesUrjewicz, lecturer at INALCO.> 26 NovemberRussia before the elections: domestic and foreign issuesEvgueni Primakov, former Prime Minister of the Russian Federation.

> 16 DecemberThe Russian dilemmasZbigniew Brzezinski, former Adviser to President Carter and member of CSIS,Washington.

> UNITED STATES> 24 MarchUS public opinion and US foreign policy in 1999John E. Rielly, Chairman, Chicago Council on ForeignRelations.> 16 JuneAmerica and KosovoStanley Hoffmann, Professor, Harvard University.

> EUROPE> 17 FebruaryForeign policy of Estonia Raul Mälk, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia.> 9 MarchToward a political Europe Pierre Moscovici, French Minister for European Affairs,and Günter Verheugen, German Minister for EuropeanAffairs.> 29 AprilCzech foreign policy Jan Kavan, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the CzechRepublic.> 5 MaySlovakia on the threshold of the European UnionJan Figel, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the Slovak Republic.> 10 MayKosovo at warThierry de Montbrial, member of the Académie dessciences morales et politiques, Ifri; Dominique David, Ifri;Nicole Gnesotto, Ifri; Dominique Moïsi, Ifri; HansStark, Secretary General of CERFA, Ifri.> 18 OctoberLithuania in the new European areaVytautas Landsbergis, President of the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania, Former Head of State ofLithuania.

> MIDDLE EAST AND ARAB WORLD> 13 JanuaryThe foreign policy of the State of IsraelAriel Sharon, Foreign Minister of Israel.

31



C O N F E R E N C E S

Thierry de Montbrial, Aleksander Kwasniewski.

32


C O N F E R E N C E S

> 14 JanuaryThe Afghan crisisBarnett R. Rubin, Director and Senior Fellow, Center forPreventive Action, Council on Foreign Relations, New York.> 19 MayThe Israeli political system confronting electionsYirmiyahu Yovel, Professor of philosophy at theHebrew University of Jerusalem and at the New YorkSchool of Social Research, New York.> 3 JuneThe United States and the Middle East after theIsraeli electionsMichael Eisenstadt , The Washington Institute,Washington.> 28 JuneContemporary YemenRémy Leveau, Professor at the Institut d’études poli-tiques, Paris, Ifri; Franck Mermier, researcher atCNRS/Groupe de Recherche et d’études sur la Méditerranéeet le Moyen-Orient/GREMMO.> 26 NovemberInternational support for the Palestinian leadership Michel Rocard, former Prime Minister, Member of theEuropean Parliament, Chairman of the Task Force Com-mission, Council on Foreign Relations, New York.> 1 DecemberDemocratic challenges in the Arab and Islamic World HRH Prince Moulay Hicham Ben Abdallah ElAlaoui, Morocco.

> GLOBALISATION> 19 OctoberThe United States and Europe confronting globalisationJean-Marie Guéhenno, Chairman of the Board, Institutdes hautes études de défense nationale (IHEDN).> 29 NovemberFrance, the United States and globalisationFelix G. Rohatyn, United States Ambassador to France.

> INTERNATIONAL SECURITY> 18 JanuaryFor a French peace strategy in the 21st century?François Géré, scientific Director, Fondation pour les études

de défense (FED).

> 24 NovemberFrom Kosovo to Timor:the future of humanitarian interventionAlvaro Vasconcelos, Director, Instituto de Estudios Estrategicos e Internacionais (IEEI), Lisbon.> 15 DecemberThe new strategic posture and National Missile DefenceThérèse Delpech, researcher, Centre d’études et derecherches internationales (CERI), and Marc Perrin deBrichambaut, Director for Strategic Affairs, Ministry ofDefence.

> INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ISSUES> 21 JanuaryThe hunger weaponSylvie Brunel, Strategic Adviser, Action contre la faim(ACF).> 9 FebruaryThe UN Security Council: a role that needs redefining?David M. Malone, Chairman, International Peace Academy, New York.> 15 FebruaryEurope, United States, Japan before year 2000The Hon. Sir Leon Brittan, QC, vice-President of theEuropean Commission.> 14 AprilRepentance: a political act?Philippe Moreau Defarges, Professor at the Institutd’études politiques, Paris, Ifri.> 22 AprilSovereignty in questionBertrand Badie, Professor at the Institut d’études poli-tiques, Paris, Ifri.> 29 JuneJohn Paul II. A Pope at the heart of HistoryJean-Bernard Raimond, Ambassador of France,former Minister, member of French National Assembly.> 14 OctoberGlobalised violenceGérard Chaliand, Director, Centre européen d’étudesdes conflits (FRS); Dominique David, Ifri; Loup Fran-cart, General. Moderator: Dominique Moïsi, Ifri.


Conferences and meetings organised by Ifriare featured on the Institute web site:www.ifri.org.

The United States and France find it difficult tounderstand each other. This is particularly the

case for political business and administrative leadersof both countries for whom there is no permanentstructure to facilitate informal dialogue.

The French Center on the United States (CFE)set up on September 1999 at Ifri, jointly with theCenter on the United States and France (CUSF)at the Brookings Institution in Washington, isaimed at improving mutual knowledge of publicpolicy in France and the United States therebyenabling policy makers to gain a better under-standing of how the other country’s system operates, through research on issues of topicalprominence for the French-US relationship.

This think tank, independent in its work andconclusions keeping in touch with the majordevelopments affecting political and businesscircles, will ease understanding of political, eco-nomic and social developments of the UnitedStates by working on domestic and foreign policyas well as political economic issues which allimpact on the conduct of global US policy. TheCFE and the center on the United States andFrance maintain a close working relationship.

> ACTIVITIES

The French Center on the United States aims topromote in depth work on topics of relevance topublic and private decision makers, in closeconjunction with the sectors concerned, and inparticular with companies that support these programs. This initiative takes the form of studiesand meetings.

The main activities are the following:• Publications: Policy papers, reviews, books, edi-

torials.• Meetings bringing together public and private

sector decision makers (quasi track two) aimedat establishing a permanent structure for infor-mal discussion between policy makers with theparticipation of experts.

• Seminars involving senior US policy makersvisiting Europe.

• Annual conference organised jointly with theCUSF, alternating United States and France.

• Receives visiting US scholars for periods ofvarying duration.

• Interactive web site.

> ORGANISATION

The Head of the French Center on the United States is GuillaumeParmentier, also associate professorat Paris II University. He served on

the Nato senior staff from 1990 to 1994 then as adviser to the French Defence Minister from1995 to 1997. He is the author of several publi-cations and articles on transatlantic relations and European security issues. Created within Ifriand interacting closely with it, the center will ultimately comprise 5 or 6 experts working onkey developments concerning the United Statesand Franco-American relations.

An advisory Board has been established under thechairmanship of Thierry de Montbrial.

> FUNDING

The French Center on the United States operateson the basis of several multiyear programs fundedby contributions from interested partners. TheCFE receives no direct public subsidy. Participa-tion in CFE programs provides access to all thecenter’s work.

The CFE does not undertake commissioned studies but is able to provide information of useto contributing members.The CFE is supported by the German MarshallFund of the United States.

33



T H E F R E N C H C E N T E R O N T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S ( C F E )

The “Jefferson Building” of the Library of Congress,

Washington D.C.

34


I N V O L V E M E N T O F R E S E A R C H E R S

I N I N T E R N A T I O N A L D E B A T E

Ifri scholars are regularly called upon to provide aFrench perspective at leading international fora:

the International Institute for Strategic Studies, Wilton Park or the Ditchley Foundation in Britain,renowned university research centers and Ifri peerinstitutes around the world.This participation in international debate enrichestheir own thinking.

> SECURITY: TRANSATLANTICRELATIONS/PROLIFERATION

FRÉDÉRIC BOZO

• Presentation "François Mitterrand’s atlantic policy"at the conference "François Mitterrand 1981-1984" organised by the Fondation nationale dessciences politiques/FNSP and the François Mitter-rand Institute, Paris, 14-16 January.

Participation in major international debates organised in conjunction with Nato’s fiftiethanniversary in particular:• "Nato after fifty years", Kent State University,

Kent, Ohio, 7-8 May;• "Nato: the first fifty years", Bonn, 20 May;• "Cooperation between the UN and Nato: Quo

Vadis?", International Peace Academy, NewYork, 11 June;

• "A strategy of stabilization for the Balkans",7th Castelgondolfo Colloquium on TransatlanticAffairs, organized by the Centro Studi di Politica Internationale (CESPI), Castelgandolfo,9-10 July.

JEAN KLEIN

• Presentation: "The past and future of the Atlan-tic Alliance" at the international conference ofthe European Academy of Otzenhausen, Nonn-weiler, Sarre, 18-20 June;

• "Europe and Nato: what security for Europeans?"Europaeum Summer University conference (con-sortium of six European universities: Bologna,

Bonn, Geneva, Leiden, Oxford, Paris). Paris, Panthéon Sorbonne, 3-4 September.

MARIE-HÉLÈNE LABBÉ

• "Repairing the regime of non proliferation", 7th annual conference of the Carnegie Endow-ment for International Peace, Washington, 11-12 January;

• "Iraqi proliferation", seminar of the Institutefor Science and International Security (ISIS),Washington, 13 January.

DOMINIQUE MOÏSI

• "Nato fifty years and beyond", conference orga-nized jointly by the Center for Strategic andInternational Studies (CSIS), the AtlanticCouncil of the United States and the Associa-tion of the United States Army (AUSA), StateDepartment, Washington, 9 April;

• "A French view of US foreign policy", presenta-tion given at the invitation of the PhiladelphiaCommittee on Foreign Relations, Philadel-phia, 13 April;

• Presentation: "The lessons of Kosovo" at theannual Bilderberg meeting "Nato’s future", Lisbon, 4-5 June.

THIERRY DE MONTBRIAL

• Attended the 35th Munich Conference of Secu-rity Policy, Munich, 5-7 February.

GUILLAUME PARMENTIER

• "The European Security and Defence Identityand Nato’s Defence Capabilities Initiative (DCI)",Potomac Foundation, Washington, 17 September;

• "Franco-Russia-British Seminar" at WiltonPark, 15-16 October;

• "Franco-German relations and European integration in transatlantic dialogue", AICGSCondominium Competititors, Washington, 16 September.


> EUROPEAN CONSTRUCTION / EUROPEAN SECURITY

JACQUES BELTRAN

• "Foreign and defence policy – current challenges", Vth Franco-German colloquium, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, Roquebrunne, 19-20 November.

DOMINIQUE DAVID

• "Europe on the threshold of the new millennium",Defense Study Center, Brussels, February 23;

• "Nato entering the 21st century. A strategicvision for Central Europe", Institute for CentralEuropean Studies of the Teleki Laszlo Founda-tion and Hungarian Foreign Affairs Ministry,Budapest, 26-27 March;

• "France, Germany and Britain in a changingworld", Bradford University, Bradford, 21 May;

• "The United States in the European securitysystem", Institute for Strategic Studies, Krakow,2-3 October;

• "The United Nations, the Atlantic Alliance andthe European Union: hard and soft security in aglobal world", Institut européen de prospective et de relations internationales (IEPRI), Brussels,25-26 October.

NICOLE GNESOTTO

• "European Security Identity Evolution", Institutroyal supérieur de défense, Brussels, 13 January;

• "France, Britain and European Security: cons-tructive or dialogue of the deaf?", Franco-BritishConference at Bath University, Bath, 27-28 May.

In addition, as a member of the CFSP "HighLevel Group of Experts" appointed by theEuropean Commission, Nicole Gnesotto tookpart in the relevant working group meetings inBrussels.

JEAN KLEIN

• Presentation Otzenhausen European Academycolloquium "The ties between German andEuropean Policy from the 17th to the 20th centu-ry", Nonnweiler, Sarre, 23-25 April.

DOMINIQUE MOÏSI

• "European common foreign and security policy", the Hebrew University of Jerusalem,Jerusalem, 8-12 January;

• Presentation to the attenders of the 94th NatoDefence College session on "European Securityand Defence Identity", Rome, 12 May;

• Presentation of "France and France’s place inEurope", Royal College of Defence Studies,London, 8 June;

• "The New European Scene", The Council of theUnited States and Italy, Como, 13-15 June.


• Presentation on Europe given to the French Institutes of Cologne, Dusseldorf, Bremen andKiel, Germany, 23-26 February;

• Visit to Finland at the invitation of the FinnishMinistry of Foreign Affairs. Talks with membersof the government and senior political leaders.Presentation at the Finnish Institute for Interna-tional Relations "EU, NATO and Europeansecurity", 27-29 April.

• Visit to Greece at the invitation of the Ministryof Foreign Affairs of the Hellenic Republic.Working session with political directors ofdepartments in charge of Balkan States, Turkey,Black Sea and Caucasus states; round-table discussion with directors of Greek policy studies institutes (ELIAMEP, IDIS, EKEM).Presentation at Athens University: "Globalisa-tion and foreign policy", 16-22 October.

35


INVOLVEMENT OF RESEARCHERS IN INTERNATIONAL DEBATE


36



GUILLAUME PARMENTIER

• Intervention at the 5th Franco-German Collo-quium organized by the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung on "Foreign and defence policy. Thecurrent challenges", Roquebrunne, 19-20November.

HANS STARK

• "The EU’s Big Three: new leaders, new dyna-mics", US State Department, Washington, 25 January;

• "Nato at Fifty: what tasks for Europe on theworld stage?", Université libre de Bruxelles,Brussels, 5 March;

• Study session organized by the German ForeignAffairs Ministry (Plannungstab) and the DeutscheGesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik, DGAP, on"European Security and Defence Policy",Bonn, 7 June;

• "Geist und Zeit : Eigenverantwortung und Staat-liche Regulierung", Centrum für angewandte Poli-tikforschung, Berlin, 12-13 October;

• "Foreign and Defense Policy – The currentchallenges", 5th Franco-German Colloquium,Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, Roquebrunne, 19-20 November.

> ECONOMIC ISSUES

PIERRE JACQUET

• "The euro": Franco-British seminar, BritishEmbassy in Paris/Conseil d’analyse économique,Paris, 15 February;

• "Managing systemic risk in the 21st century":World Bank, Interamerican Development Bankand Association para el Progresso de la Direccion,Madrid, 17 March. Presentation: "Financial liberalisation and growth in emerging markets";

• "Liberalisation and internationalisation offinancial services", World Bank and WorldTrade Organisation, Geneva, 10 May;

• XVIth European-Japanese Hakone Conference,Japan Center for International Exchange (JCIE)

et Center for Asia Pacific Studies (CAPS) atTrier University, Trier, 12-14 May;

• "Economic and Monetary Union: economicand political implications for "Ins", "Outs" andEuropean business", Wilton Park, 27 May;

• "New directions in services trade liberalization",World Services Congress 1999 – Services 2000,Washington, 31 May-2 June;

• "Strengthening the international financial system: the role of the G7/G8", Deutsche Gesell-schaft für Auswärtige Politik (DGAP) andToronto University (G8 Research Group),Bonn, 14 June;

• "Implementing the European employmentpact", ZEI-Zentrum für Europaïsche Integration-forschung, Bonn, 8 July;

• "The Continental European economic situationunder Euro and its prospects", Institute forInternational Economic Studies (IIES), Tokyo,1-4 September;

• "EMU. Realignments in and out of the Euro-zone", Chatham House Conferences FinancialSeries, London, 25 October;

• Annual Meeting of the Tokyo Club, London,28-29 October. Presentation with OlivierDavanne (Conseil d’analyse économique) of thestudy "Practicing Exchange Rate Flexibility".

FRANÇOISE NICOLAS

• "Towards a sustainable financial system: analysisand prospects", Fifth International Forum onAsian Perspectives organised by the Asian Deve-lopment Bank and the OECD DevelopmentCentre;

• 9th General Conference of the European Asso-ciation of Development Institutes (EADI),Paris, 22-25 September. Presentation of thestudy "Is there a case for a single currencywithin ASEAN?";

• "International trade and capital flows in econo-mic restructuring and growth: European andEast Asian experiences", University of Le Havreand Inha University (Inchon, Korea), Inchon,5-6 October. Presentation: "Post crisis exchangerate policies in East Asia: options and chal-lenges".


Ifri conference room.

FRÉDÉRIQUE SACHWALD

• Working Group "The future of the Europeandefence industry", Centre for European Reformand CEPS, Paris, 28 January;

• "Multinational entreprise strategies", 7th Inter-national Conference at the Sorbonne with thesupport of the Commissariat général du Plan, ofthe French Ministry of National Education,Research and Technology, of the Ecole doctoraled’économie appliquée, TEAM (CNRS – Paris I)et de l’Observatoire des stratégies d’entreprises Sor-bonne (OSES-Gestion Sorbonne), Paris, 17-18 June;

• 1st meeting of the Innovation Studies Network,set up at the initiative of Jan Fagenberg, Uni-versity of Oslo, Oslo, 14-16 October.

> ASIA

FRANÇOIS GODEMENT

• "Globalisation of the East Asian crisis: implica-tions for trade and investment, the WTO agendaand the world economic order", IVth meeting ofthe Evian’s group, International Institute forManagement Development (IMD), Lausanne,19-21 February. Presentation: "Origins and lessons of the East Asian crisis";

• "Turbulence in the global business environ-ment: corporate strategy and policy implica-tions from the East Asia crisis", IMD and SwissAsia Foundation, Lausanne, 22 February;

• "Vietnam and the division of the world – Reu-nification and social developments of Vietnambetween an East-West confrontation and globalization", Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, 24 March;

• "Stability and security on the Korean Peninsula:developing a research agenda", Center forApplied Policy Research (Ludwig-MaximilianUniversity, Munich) and Korea Economic Institute of America (Washington, D.C.), inconjunction with the Korea-Pacific Program atthe Graduate School of International Relationsand Pacific Studies (University of California, SanDiego), San Diego, United States, 26-27 May;

• 11th Steering Committee of the Council forSecurity and Cooperation in the Asia Pacific(CSCAP), Kuala Lumpur, 29 May;

• "Confidence building and conflict reduction",13th Asia-Pacific roundtable, Institute of Strate-gic and International Studies (ISIS) of Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur, 30 May-2 June;

• 7th Ambassadors Conference, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Paris, 25 August. Presentationon security issues in Asia;

• "For a better tomorrow – Asia-Europe partner-ship in the Twenty-first century", conference onthe ASEM, Korea Institute for InternationalEconomic Policy (KIEP) and Institute for Global Economics (IGE), Seoul, 12 October;

• "Asia and EU’s common foreign and securitypolicy", The Strategic Alliance and EuropeanInstitute for Asian Studies (EIAS), Brussels, 24 November. Written contribution on "Therole of China in the security of East and Southeast Asia".

• Steering Committee meeting and plenary meeting of the CSCAP (Council for Securityand Cooperation in the Asia Pacific), Seoul, 2-4 December;

• "The dynamics of Asia-Pacific security: a Fin-de-siècle assessment", 2nd Conference of theAsia-Pacific Security Forum (APSF), Institutefor National Policy Research (INPR), Taipei,17-18 December. Written contribution on "Sino-American relations: is there a new paradigm?".

> MIDDLE EAST/MEDITERRANEAN

MAY CHARTOUNI-DUBARRY

• "The US and the UK should concentrate effortson the overthrow of the Iraqi regime", Interna-tional Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS),London, 3 February;

• "Iran and Iraq: prospects and policies", TheDitchley Foundation and The RAND Corpora-tion, Oxford, 5-7 February;

• "Israel, Lebanon and Syria into the Year 2000",Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London,5 March;

37




38



• EuroMeSCo (Euro-Mediterranean Study Commission) workshops: "Euro-Mediterraneanpolitical and security partnership", Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, Bonn, 19-20 March;"Regionalism, sub-regional co-operation in theMiddle East", Center for Political and StrategicStudies, Cairo, 18-19 April;

• Steering Committee meeting of the EuroMeSCo,Brussels, 16 July;

• "Peace in the Middle East: The prospects", Wilton Park, 26-30 July. Presentation: "Leba-nese-Syrian relations: Is change needed andwhat would be the implications for peace?";

• EuroMeSCo workshops: "Sub-regional coopera-tion", Jaffee Center, 15-16 September. Presenta-tion: "Prospects for a sub-regional cooperationin the Middle East"; Istituto Affari Internazio-nali, Rome, 15-16 October. Contribution:"The Middle East peace process and the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership".

> GENERAL ISSUES

DOMINIQUE MOÏSI

• Contribution: "Responsible globality: Mana-ging the impact of globalization", during theannual meeting organised by The World Eco-nomic Forum, Davos, Switzerland, 29 January-2 February;

• "Club of Three" meeting organised by the Isti-tuto Per gli Studi di Politica Internazionale (IPSI)Milan, 7-9 May;

• "Law, politics, economy, mass media", seminarorganised by the Moscow School of PoliticalStudies, Moscow, 21-24 May;

• "Globalization: Challenges and discontents",conference organised at the University Al Akhawayn by the 21st Century Trust, Ifrane,Morocco, 10-18 September.

RÉMY LEVEAU

• "Globalization: Challenges and discontents",conference organised at the University Al Akhawayn by the 21st Century Trust, Ifrane,Morocco, 10-18 September.


• "21st Century strategies of the Trilateral coun-tries: Shared leadership or divergent paths?",Trilateral Commission plenary meeting,Washington, 12-14 March.

PHILIPPE MOREAU DEFARGES

• "Non-Violent Sanctions", conference organised byThe Ditchley Foundation, London, 10 February.

NB: This list does not include presentations given tovarious government bodies, training institutions orFrench graduate schools.

Thierry de Montbrial submitted his views to:• The Conseil économique et social, on "French growth and

globalisation", 28 January;• The French Senate Foreign Affairs, Armed Forces and

Defense Committee on "Diplomacy, Defense and Inter-national Criminal Justice", 10 February;

• The French Senate Foreign Affairs, Armed Forces andDefense Committe on "The long term consequences ofthe Kosovo crisis", 23 June.


39

In an age of globalisation, companies askey international players are crucial part-ners for Ifri.Their concerns are addressedspecifically in the special exchange andinformation programme tailored to busi-ness leaders of the 150 member compa-nies: in 1999, assessment of regional risks (post-crisis Asia, EU enlargement);implications of the euro; new forms ofcompetition; future of multilateral tradenegotiations, advent of the digital econo-my.These meetings enable them to builda relationship with the research commu-nity, explore issues more fully with publicauthorities, interact with leading interna-tional figures as well as to compare theirown experience with their French andforeign peers.

Senior executives of member companiesare also invited to all Ifri discussionevents, including some research seminarsif these are of interest to them (notablyAsia seminars).

Corporate support to Ifri has beenremarkably consistent.

Events organized during the year arestructured around various meetings inthe form of seminars, breakfast debates,lunch debates on international issueswith Ifri researchers or foreign corres-pondents, or diner-debates with promi-nent French or international figures asguest speaker.

I F R I A N D C O R P O R A T E C I R C L E S

40


C O R P O R A T E P R O G R A M M E S

> TRANSATLANTIC PROGRAMMESEMINARS

> 12 JanuaryWhat does the euro change in US perceptions of Europe?Simon Serfaty, Director of European Studies, Centerfor Strategic and International Studies,Washington D.C.> 25 JanuaryWhat future for the Asian miracle?Donald P. Hanna, Director General, Asia EconomicResearch, Goldman Sachs.> 11 FebruaryRMA: a strategic and industrial challenge for EuropeRobert P. Grant, associate fellow at US-CREST and IISS.> 26 MarchIs a multilateral agreement on culture possible and desirable?Pierre Sauve, scholar and visiting professor, HarvardUniversity.> 15 OctoberWhat are the drivers of American competitiveness?John Yochelson, President of the Council on competiti-veness, Washington D.C.; Elie Cohen, research directorat CNRS, professor at the Institut d’études politiques,Paris.

> BREAKFAST DEBATES> 20 JanuaryThe role of the United Nations in IraqWith Dennis Halliday, former Director of the UN programme for Iraq "Oil for Food".> 2 FebruaryAsian Economies between resistance and reformWith François Godement, Ifri.> 9 FebruaryInternet e-commerce and international relationsWith Henri de Maublanc, Chairman of AFTEL and theClarisse-Politel Group.> 10 MarchEconomic outlook and continuing emergence of IndiaWith Jean-Charles Rouher, Minister-Counsellor at theFrench Embassy in India.> 24 MarchRegional prospects after the Asian crisisWith Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Singapore.

> 30 MarchThe former GRD Länder: situation and outlookWith Reinhard Höppner, Minister-President SPD ofSaxe-Anhalt Lander.> 26 AprilRussia, the West and KosovoWith Vladimir Baranovsky, Deputy Director of theInstitute for Global Economics and International Relations –IMEMO, Moscow.> 19 MayGeorgia, the Caucasus and European securityWith Irakli Menagarishvili, Foreign Minister of Georgia.> 27 MayInternational relations into the 21st centuryWith Jaswant Singh, Foreign Minister of India.> 21 JuneThe Indian economy in the domestic and Asian contextWith Ashok Desai, Editor, Business Standard, New Delhi.> 10 SeptemberAsia between hopes and worriesWith Gareth Evans, former Foreign Minister of Australiaand candidate to the Director Generalship of UNESCO.> 11 OctoberFood safetyWith Ismaïl Serageldin, vice-President of the WorldBank for special programmes and candidate to DirectorGeneralship of UNESCO.> 16 NovemberSetting up and managing a joint-venture in China:Key success factorsWith Guillaume Franck, professor of internationalManagement at HEC; Jean-Louis Andreu, GeneralManager of the International Division of SchneiderElectric; François Godement, Ifri.> 18 NovemberIsrael, the new challenges for peaceWith Mark A. Heller, Principal Research Associate atthe Jaffe Center for Strategic Studies, Tel Aviv University;Alain Dieckhoff, Research Director at CERI/CNRS;May Chartouni-Dubarry and Dominique Moïsi, Ifri.> 25 NovemberLatvia: Reform issues and successWith Andris Skele, Prime Minister of Latvia.> 15 DecemberAlgeria: Prospects for an end to the crisisWith Naoufel Brahimi El Mili, financial expert lecturerat the Institut d’études politiques, Paris; Akram Ellyas,


Aymard de Lastours, Dominique Letourneur,

Augustin Renaud, Martine Breux,

Marie-Josèphe Turpault.

Bertrand Collomb,Alain Joly, Jean-Louis Gergorin.

Denis Ranque

journalist at La Tribune; Khadija Mohsen-Finan, Ifri;Rémy Leveau, Professor at the Institut d’études poli-tiques, Paris, Ifri.

> OFF THE RECORD MEETINGS> 22 MarchWith Christian Noyer, vice-President of the EuropeanCentral Bank.> 21 MayWith Didier Lombard, Deputy Ambassador for international investment, French Ministry of Economy,Finance and Industry.> 22 JuneWith Louis Gallois, Chairman of French railways,SNCF.

> LUNCH DEBATES> 15 JanuaryInternational monetary, financial and commercial architectureAt the invitation of Jacques Delmas-Marsalet,President of the Chambre syndicale des Banques populaires.Speakers:Thierry de Montbrial and Pierre Jacquet, Ifri.> 31 MarchThe situation in the Middle East on the eve of the Israeli elections At the invitation of Denis Ranque, CEO of Thomson CSF.Speakers:Bassma Kodmani, Director of the Programme "CivilSociety Governance and International Cooperation" ofthe Ford Foundation, Cairo; May Chartouni-Dubarry andDominique Moïsi, Ifri.> 10 MayInternational strategy of a large company At the invitation of Anne-Claire Taittinger, Chairmanof the Board of the Société du Louvre. With HenningSchulte-Noelle, Chairman of the Board of Allianz AG.> 30 JuneDevelopments in the European Banking System At the invitation of Claude Bourmaud, Chairman of La Poste.Speakers:Dominique Plihon, professor of Economics at Paris XIIUniversity; Frédérique Sachwald, Ifri.

> 30 SeptemberEconomic revival in Japan?At the invitation of Jacques Puechal, CEO of Elf-Atochem.Speakers:Thierry de Montbrial, Pierre Jacquet and DominiqueMoïsi, Ifri.> 8 DecemberMergers-acquisitions: How busy in the coming years?At the invitation of Patrice Vial, Chairman, and AndréFrançois-Poncet, Chief Executive of Morgan StanleyDean Witter.

> DINNER DEBATES> 4 FebruaryWith Jusuf Wanandi, President of the Centre forStrategic and International Studies, Djakarta.> 15 FebruaryWith Sir Leon Brittan, vice-President of the EuropeanCommission.> 1 MarchWith Zbigniew Brzezinski, former Adviser to PresidentCarter, CSIS,Washington D.C.> 15 MarchWith Jorge Giordani, Minister for Planning andCoordination,Venezuela.> 22 AprilWith Jean-Paul Huchon, President of the Conseil régional d’Île-de-France.> 3 MayWith Suleyman Demirel, President of the Republic ofTurkey.> 7 JulyWith Leïla Shahid, Ambassador Representative ofPalestine to France.> 28 SeptemberWith Emil Constantinescu, President of the Republicof Romania.> 12 OctoberWith Wim Kok, Prime Minister of the Netherlands.> 25 NovemberWith Louise Arbour, former Prosecutor General of theInternational Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslaviaand Rwanda, Judge at the Supreme Court of Canada.

41


C O R P O R A T E P R O G R A M M E S


Jean-Marie Messier and Anne-Claire Taittinger.

Jacques Leclercq and Ernest-Antoine Sellière.

Sönmez Köksal,Ambassador

of Turkey to France, and Suleyman Demirel.

42



With a view to the European Union enlargingeastwards, the Franco-Austrian Centre

(CFA) contributes to familiarizing the economicplayers of Central and Eastern European countrieswith developments underway within the EU so as tofacilitate their integration. This year it has focusedon the harmonisation process, at micro-economiclevel, of public and private sector management andmore broadly, at a political level, on social and envi-ronmental as well as monetary issues. The sessions,bringing together economic and social players takethe form of breakfasts or seminars organized byDominique Letourneur and Éliane Mossé, Ifriadviser for the CFA, in conjunction with the gene-ral secretariat in Vienna.

> BREAKFAST> 15 March, ParisThe CEES and corporate governance at a time of globalisationSpeakers:Fianna Jesover, consultant, Privatisation and corporatereforms unit at OECD; Conrad Eckenschwiller,representative for International Affairs, MEDEF; FranzNauschnigg, Deputy Director for integration and inter-national instructions at the National Bank of Austria.> September 28, ParisPublic finance scrutiny by Courts of AccountsSpeakers:Patrick Mordacq, conseiller maître at the Cour descomptes; Voijko Anton Antoncic, President of theCourt of Accounts in Slovenia; Karl Wollrab, Presidentof the Austrian Court of Accounts.

> SEMINARS> 19 and 20 April, BudapestBringing the environment into line with Europeanstandards in Central and Eastern European countriesOrganised jointly with MEDEF.> 10 and 11 June,ViennaThe social dimension of Eastwards enlargement of the European UnionThis session was devoted to employment, labour law andsocial dialogue. It comprised policymakers of theMinistries for Social Affairs, leaders of Labour Employers

Federations and trades unionists of member countries aswell as senior civil servants from the EuropeanCommission and the International Labour Organization(ILO).> 2 and 3 December, ParisEMU in Central and Eastern European CountriesWith the support of the National Bank of Austria and theBanque de France.Aimed at assessing the adjustment measures requiredfrom Central and Eastern European countries in order tomeet the Amsterdam treaty requirements as well as theconsequences of the introduction of the euro on EMUStates and on Central and Eastern European countries,this seminar brought together policy makers of CentralBanks and Economic Ministries of member countries,policy makers from the European Commission and academics.

Lastly the CFA organized a round-table on theBalkans in Vienna on 24 November with theparticipation of politicians, policy makers as wellas experts. The meeting discussed the political,economic and security issues in the region afterthe Kosovo crisis.

Participants:Michel Foucher; Philippe de Fontaine-Vive; Paul Lendvaï;Ewa Nowotny;Thomas Mayr-Harting; Dominique Moïsi.

T H E F R A N C O - A U S T R I A N C E N T R E ( C F A )

THE FRANCO-AUSTRIAN

CENTRE (CFA)

The Franco-Austrian Centre for economiccooperation in Europe (CFA) is a Franco-Austrian Intergovernmental Organisationfounded in 1978 with the aim of promotingeconomic relations between Western andEastern European countries. Its headquar-ters are in Vienna.Thierry de Montbrial hasbeen its chairman since 1984. Following theevents of 1989, the CFA, which originallycomprised France, Austria, Hungary andPoland, was enlarged to include the Czechand Slovak Republics, Slovenia, Romania andBulgaria. Since the opening of accessionnegotiations of Central and EasternEuropean countries to the European Union,the CFA aims to promote their integrationinto the EU. It regularly organizes confe-rences both in Paris and in the capital ofeach member country.

XXth Anniversary of the CFA.

Frantz Vranisky, Hubert Védrine,Thierry de Montbrial,

Peter Jankowitsch, Secretory General of CFA,Vienna.

Dominique Letourneur.

Éliane Mossé.

43



I F R I ’ S C O R P O R A T E M E M B E R S (as at 31 December 1999)

In 1999, the following companies have been mem-bers of Ifri.

Abn-Amro FranceAccorAérospatiale MatraAgence Française de DéveloppementAir LiquideAlcatelAmerican ExpressAnvarArianespaceAxa

Banque de FranceBanque du LouvreBanque HervetBanque Nationale Paris (BNP)Banque OBC - Odier, Bungener, CourvoisierBanque WoolwichBanque WormsBarclays BankBayard PresseBayer FranceBouyguesBrandtBRGMBullBureau Veritas

Cabinet Gide Loyrette NouelCaisse des Dépôts et ConsignationsCaisse Nationale de Crédit AgricoleCEA IndustrieCentre National d’Études SpatialesCGIPChambre de Commerce & d’Industrie de ParisChambre Syndicale des Banques PopulairesChantiers de l’AtlantiqueCharbonnages de FranceCitibankCleary, Gottlieb, Steen & HamiltonClifford ChanceCNPCofaceCofipCofiroute

CogemaColasCommissariat à l’Énergie AtomiqueCompagnie cotonnièreCompagnie Financière Edmond de RothschildCompagnie Parisienne de RéescompteComptoir des EntrepreneursConsortium de réalisationCrédit Commercial de FranceCrédit Industriel et Commercial de ParisCrédit Local de FranceCrédit LyonnaisCrédit MutuelCrédit Suisse Group

Daimler BenzDeutsche BankDonaldson Lufkin & Jenrette

Efficacité, Finance conseilEiffageÉlectricité de France (EDF)Elf AquitaineElf AtochemEniEntreprise Minière et ChimiqueEridania Beghin-SayEuropa Metalli - Tréfimétaux

FaureciaFédération des Industries de la ParfumerieFédération Française des Sociétés d’Assurances FIEECFiat FranceFimalacFoncière ThermaleFondation HippocrèneFramatomeFrance Télécom

GanGaz de FranceGeodis InternationalGimelecGoldman SachsGroupe DanoneHistoire d’Or

IBM FranceInstitut Français du Pétrole

Jeantet et AssociésJP Morgan

KSB

L.A. FinancesLa MondialeLa PosteLabinalLafargeLazard Frères & CieLes ÉchosL’OréalLVMHLyonnaise de Banque

Marsh & Mc Lennan FranceMazars & GuérardMedefMidland BankMorgan Stanley

Natexis

ParibasPeugeot SA

RATPRenaultReutersRhône GroupRhône PoulencRoland Berger & PartnersRothschild & Cie BanqueRTL

SaftSagedSaint-GobainSanofi-SynthelaboSchneiderScorSeagram Global Brands DivisionSedgwick

SeitaSiemens FranceSociété du LouvreSociété GénéraleSociété Générale de BelgiqueSodexho SofarisSofil’LioneSofinnovaSofresaStarsemSuez-Lyonnaise des Eaux

TechnipThomson Total

Union de Banques Suisses Union des Industries Métallurgiques et Minières Union Européenne de CICUnistrat AssurancesUsinor

VallourecViel & CieVivendiVolvo Trucks France

44


I F R I ’ S C O R P O R A T E M E M B E R S


45

O U T P U T D I S S E M I N A T I O N

46


I F R I A N D T H E U N I V E R S I T Y

Closer ties between Ifri and the university worldare aimed at creating synergies between the

disciplined approach of research and university edu-cation and the specificity of the work undertakenwithin the institute. Ifri thereby contributes to broa-dening the scope of study of international relations.

These ties translate into: • Teaching by Ifri research fellows — and notably

by academics associated with Ifri as researchers*— in various universities and graduate schools.

• The introduction of a post-graduate degreecourse (DEA) in international relations at theUniversity of Marne-la-Vallée taught by severalIfri researchers.

Since 1998, as part of the chair in applied econo-mics which he holds at the Conservatoire natio-nal des arts et métiers, and the DEA at Marne-la-Vallée, Thierry de Montbrial also created andruns a seminar entitled "Observation and theory ofinternational relations". Following on from 1997-1998 which looked at issues challenging the Nation-state in an age of globalisation, the 1998-1999 seminar identifies various globalisation drivers andconsiders their role. The conferences give rise to anannual publication.

> SEMINAR"OBSERVATION AND THEORYOF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS"

PROGRAMME 1998-1999

> 5 November 1998Thierry de MontbrialThe concept of globalisation> 17 DecemberBassma Kodmani-Darwish,Lecturer at the University of Marne-la-Vallée and IfriResearch FellowDiasporas: a globalisation driver

> 7 January 1999Anton Brender,Director of Economic Studies at CPRAssociate professor at Paris-Dauphine UniversityFinancial markets,global world governance and growth> 11 FebruarySerge Sur,Professor at Paris II UniversityIs there US hegemony?> 4 March Gérard Théry,Head of the Y2K Task Force at the Ministry for IndustryInternational challenges of information technology> 8 AprilPierre Bauchet,Member of the Institut de FranceTransport, a globalisation driver?> 6 May André Lebeau,Professor, former President of CNRS Space technology and globalisation > 10 June Jean-Paul Charnay,President of the Centre de philosophie de la stratégieSystemic analysis in power relationships,recent trends

* Frédéric Bozo is Professor at the University ofNantes; François Godement is Professor at the Institutnational des langues et civilisations orientales; Jean Klein isProfessor at Paris I University (Sorbonne); Rémy Leveauis Professor at the Institut d’études politiques, Paris; AnitaTiraspolsky is a lecturer at the Institut national deslangues et civilisations orientales.

Thierry de Montbrial is Professor at the Conservatoirenational des arts et métiers and Professor at the Ecole polytechnique where he teaches "Strategy and internatio-nal relations".


> RAMSES

In 1999, the structure of RAMSES /RapportAnnuel Mondial sur le Système Économique et lesStratégies (Annual world report on economic systems and strategies) was revamped.The three traditional sections devoted to an analysis of developments over the past year in the political strategic field on the one hand, eco-nomic on the other, as well as to an indepth studyof prominent issues of debate, have been replacedby sixteen thematic chapter and a "panorama".This offers the broader possible perspective ofinternational, political, strategic and economicdevelopments accross some fifty entries listedalphabetically with each article giving a summaryof the issues involved.

This special edition entitled "L’entrée dans le XXI e siècle " (Entering the 21st century) offers a for-ward-looking perspective, introduced by Thierryde Montbrial, on the various dimensions ofinternational relations focusing extensively on theimplications of scientific and technological pro-gress. The topics identified are addressed from theinterdependence and globalisation perspective.

Part one, Interdependence constants, considersthe traditional notion of international interde-pendence with Pierre Hassner, "Fin des certitudes,choc des identités : un siècle imprévisible" (End ofuncertainties, clash of identities: an impredictablecentury); Jean-Claude Chesnais, "Vers une réces-sion démographique planétaire ? " (Towards a glo-bal demographic recession?); Daniel Cohen,"L’avenir des inégalités mondiales" (The future ofworld inequalities); Dominique David, "Violenceinternationale : une scénographie nouvelle"(Inter-national violence: a new scenography); PhilippeChalmin, "Géopolitique des ressources naturelles"(Geopolitics of natural resources).

Part two, Science and interdependence, recallsthat the scale and speed of scientific and techno-logical progress is such that they both play a keyrole in globalisation with Paul Caro, "Nouveaux

enjeux scientifiques et techniques " (New scientificand technological challenges); Philippe Kourilsky,"La révolution biotechnologique " (The biotechno-logy revolution); Hubert Curien, "La conquête del’espace" (The conquest of space); Joël de Rosnay,"La société de l’information au XXI e siècle " (Theinformation society in the 21st century).

RAMSES 2000 then considers the Responses to globalisation with Frédérique Sachwald,"Réseaux contre nations ? Les multinationales au XXI e

siècle " (Networks versus Nations? Multinationalsin the 21st century); Pierre Jacquet, "Gouvernerl’économie mondiale" (Governing the global eco-nomy); Nicole Gnesotto, "La sécurité internatio-nale au début du XXI e siècle" (International securityat the beginning of the 21st century); PhilippeMoreau Defarges, "Droit et mondialisation" (Lawand globalisation).

Finally, the last part, Beyond Nation-states,implicitly asks the question relating to the futureof states by looking at how the United States, Asia and Europe are addressing the need for arenewal of sovereignty with Dominique Moïsi,"L’Amérique, l’ère de la maturité " (America, theage of maturity); François Godement, "États-nations ou régions en Asie orientale ? " (Nation-states or regions in East Asia?) and Jean-MarieGuéhenno, "Le modèle européen" (The Europeanmodel).

As with every year, RAMSES 2000 also provides achronological digest of the past year, a substantivestatistical annex, an annex of maps in color and ageneral index.

> POLITIQUE ÉTRANGÈRE

In 1999, the first two issues of Politique étrangèrewere devoted to:• Europe in n° 1/99 with Jean-Marie Guéhenno,

Françoise de La Serre, Gilles Andréani and WillemBuiter, and to Germany with Michael Mertesand Hans-Georg Ehrhart;

47



P U B L I C A T I O N S

« In its latest issue of RAMSES Ifri has decided to focus on the next century.The quality of this publication is on a parwith leading English language policybriefs on international relations. »Gilbert Achcar, Le Monde Diplomatique.

48



• Lessons from Kosovo in n° 2/99 with NicoleGnesotto, François Heisbourg, Louis Gautier,Karl Heinz Kamp and Thérèse Delpech, andto Russia with Rodric Braithwaite, IsabelleFacon and the Russian Foreign Minister, IgorIvanov.

Politique étrangère also published "The CarringtonReport on the Implementation of SecurityCouncil Decisions", introduced and analysed byJean-Pierre Cot (n° 1/99) as well as the US Publicopinion survey of foreign policy published everyfour years by the Chicago Council on ForeignRelations chaired by John Rielly (n° 2/99).

The structure of the last two issues has beenmodified owing to the celebration of the 20th

Anniversary of the institute.

N° 3/99 offers a twenty years retrospective reviewof international policy (1979-1999), a period ofmomentous change with 1989 as the high point.Many Ifri researchers contributed to the analysisof these crucial years (see Research).

Under the heading "L’entrée dans le XXI e siècle. Les enjeux de la mondialisation" (Entering the 21st century: the challenges of globalisation)Politique étrangère n° 4/99 published the presen-tations given in plenary sessions at the internatio-nal conference on 3-4 November when a writtentext was submitted by the author.

> IFRI PAPERS AND POLICY BRIEFS

Les Cahiers de l’Ifri are reserved for the publicationof short studies and reports of conferences held atthe institute; Les Notes de l’Ifri cover individual discussion of issues of topical prominence.

PUBLICATIONS 1999

« Les Cahiers de l’Ifri » seriesN° 28: Energie, développement et sécurité, editedby Dominique Finon and Pierre Jacquet,Ifri/IEPE (Institut d’économie et de politique del’énergie), April 1999.

N° 29: L’énergie nucléaire au XXI e siècle : enjeux desécurité, Bob van der Zwann, July 1999.

« Les Notes de l’Ifri » seriesN° 6 bis: Where Does the Atlantic Alliance Stand?The Improbable Partnership, Frédéric Bozo,Transatlantic series, January 1999.N° 8: The United States and the Conservative ArabGulf Monarchies, Joseph A. Kechichian, edited byBassma Kodmani-Darwish, Transatlantic series,January 1999.N° 9: Anglo-American Relations and Crisis inYugoslavia (FRY), Jane M. O. Sharp, Transatlanticseries, March 1999.N° 10: The Israeli Changing Security Agenda:Army Society Relations, Amir Oren, Yehuda BenMeir, Stuart A. Cohen, Mark A. Heller, edited byMay Chartouni-Dubarry, April 1999.N° 11: Le partage du fardeau dans l’OTAN –Volume 1 : Enjeux et réalités, Nicole Gnesotto,Transatlantic series, June 1999.N° 12: Burdensharing in NATO – Volume 2: TheUS and Transatlantic Burdensharing, Stanley R.Sloan, edited by Nicole Gnesotto, Transatlanticseries, June 1999.N° 13: Burdensharing in NATO – Volume 3: TheGerman Perception, Karl Heinz Kamp, edited byNicole Gnesotto, Transatlantic series, June 1999.N° 14: Les États-Unis et la France. La puissanceentre mythes et réalités, Philippe Moreau Defarges,Transatlantic series, June 1999. N° 15: Banalisation et restructuration des industriesde défense, Frédérique Sachwald, Transatlanticseries, June 1999.N° 15 bis: Defence Industry Restructuring: The Endof an Economic Exception, Frédérique Sachwald,Transatlantic series, October 1999.N° 16: Le triangle atlantique. L’émergence del’Amérique latine dans les relations Europe/États-Unis, Alfredo G. A. Valladao, Transatlantic series,June 1999.N° 17: The Euro and the Dollar: An Agnostic View,Claude Bismut and Pierre Jacquet, Transatlanticseries, July 1999.


> OTHER PUBLICATIONSBY THE RESEARCHERS

SECURITY

Frédéric Bozo> Articles• "De la ‘bataille’ des euromissiles à la ‘guerre’ du

Kosovo : l’Alliance atlantique face à ses défis",Politique étrangère, n° 3/99.

• "Le rang et la puissance", in J.-P. Rioux et J.-F.Sirinelli, La France d’un siècle à l’autre. Dictionnairecritique, Hachette Littératures, Paris, 1999.

Dominique David> Publications• La nouvelle architecture de sécurité en Europe, with

Bernard Adam, André Dumoulin, Bruce Georgeand Éric Remacle, GRIP, Brussels, July 1999.

> Articles• "The Individual in the New Clothes of War", in

Individualism and World Politics, edited byMichel Girard, Macmillan, London/ St. Martin’s,New York, January 1999.

• "Armée/Nation : le débat ignoré", Bulletind’études de la Marine, n° 14, February 1999.

• "La sécurité dans un monde interdépendant", inL’Europe au seuil d’un nouveau millénaire,Institut royal supérieur de défense, colloquium23-24 February 1999, Centre d’études de défense.

• "Violence internationale : une scénographienouvelle", in RAMSES 2000, Dunod, Paris,September 1999.

• "Kosovo : de vraies et de fausses leçons straté-giques", Défense nationale, n° 12, December 1999.

Nicole Gnesotto> Articles• "La PESC", in L’Union européenne, "Les Notices",

La Documentation française, Paris, March 1999.• "La sécurité internationale au début du XXIe

siècle", in RAMSES 2000, Dunod, Paris,September 1999.

Jean Klein> Articles• "Atomic Scientists and Disarmament", in

Individualism and World Politics, edited by

Michel Girard, Macmillan, London/St. Martin’s,New York, January 1999.

• "Vingt ans de négociations sur le désarmementet la maîtrise des armements", Politique étrangère,n° 3/99.

Marie-Hélène Labbé> Article• "Vingt ans de prolifération nucléaire", Politique

étrangère, n° 3/99.

ECONOMIC ISSUES

Pierre Jacquet> Publications• The Case for Joint Management of Exchange

Flexibility, with C. Fred Bergsten and OlivierDavanne, Institute for International Economics(IIE), Working Paper Series, n° 99-9, WashingtonD.C., July.

• Le cycle du millénaire, with Patrick Messerlinand Laurence Tubiana, report to the Conseild’analyse économique, La Documentation fran-çaise, Paris, 1999.

> Articles• "Pour une gestion conjointe de la flexibilité

des changes", with C. Fred Bergsten and OlivierDavanne, in Architecture financière internationale,report to the Conseil d’analyse économique, LaDocumentation française, Paris, 1999.

• "Europe and the Euro", in The EuropeanEconomic Situation under the Euro, and itsProspects, IIES Seminar Series, n° 9909, Tokyo,September 1999.

• "Mondialisation ou guerre économique", inEspérances et menaces de l’an 2000, Cercle deséconomistes, Descartes & Cie, Paris, 1999.

• "Deux décennies de mondialisation financière",Politique étrangère, n° 3/99.

• "Gouverner l’économie mondiale", in RAMSES2000, Dunod, Paris, September 1999.

• "La difficulté de prévenir les crises financières",Risques, n° 40, October-December 1999.

Françoise Nicolas> Publication• Foreign Direct Investment and Recovery in Southeast

Asia, with Stephen Thomsen, OECD, Paris, 1999.

« On all current issues, Ifri scholars are amongst the most perceptive. »

Baudoin Bollaert, Le Figaro, 3 November 1999.

« This untypical French institute is the only one to combine, as in the United States,Britain or Germany, research and enterprise, analysis and debate on economicor international issues “quite independentlyfrom the world of politics or business”. »

Françoise Crouigneau, Les Échos, 15 November 1999.

« The French Institute of InternationalAffairs [Ifri], the country’s leadingresearch organization. »

Joseph Firchett, International HeraldTribune, 9 November 1999.

« Since its foundation in 1979, Ifri has acquired a reputation as anindispensable source of independentresearch and analysis. »

Lord Robertson (Nato SecretaryGeneral), speaking at Ifri,

4 November 1999.

« It is […]at seminars and conferences regularly organised by the Institute[Ifri] that one has the opportunity ofmeeting, in Paris, the greatest numberof politicians, experts and specialistsfrom around the world who come toexplain their policies or offer theirassessment on political, economic andstrategic issues raised by the evolvingglobal balance of power. »

Le Nouvel Observateur, 14-20 October 1999.

49




50



> Articles• "Aux origines de la crise mondiale – Les crises

en Asie", in "Crise mondiale et marchés finan-ciers", Les Cahiers français, n° 289, January 1999.

• "Le regard de l’économiste : une crise aux mul-tiples facettes", in Crises en Asie du Sud-Est,edited by Ph. Richer, Fondation nationale dessciences politiques, Paris, 1999.

• "Vingt ans de développement : les avatars dunéo-libéralisme", Politique étrangère, n° 3/99.

• "The Future of Exchange Rate Policies WithinASEAN", Research monograph, n° 1999/4,Center for European Studies, ChulalungkornUniversity.

• "Is There a Case for a Single Currency WithinASEAN?", Singapore Economic Review, n° 1, vol. 44, 1999.

Frédérique Sachwald• "Réseaux contre nations ? Les multinationales

au XXIe siècle", in RAMSES 2000, Dunod, Paris,September 1999.

ASIA

François Godement> Publications• The Downsizing of Asia, Routledge, London and

New York, January 1999.• "La participation de la Chine aux dialogues

multilatéraux de sécurité en Asie-Pacifique",with Xavier Crombé, in Chine, Japon, ASEAN.Compétition stratégique ou coopération ?, editedby François Godement, La Documentationfrançaise, October 1999.

> Articles• "Crise d’un modèle, modèle de crise ?", Risque

Pays 1999, Coface-Moci, 1999.• "Mystifying China", Survival, vol. 41, n° 1/1999,

International Institute for Strategic Studies,Oxford University Press, Spring 1999.

• "Chine : la transition sans fin", Politique étran-gère, n° 3/99.

• "États-nations ou régions en Asie orientale ?", inRAMSES 2000, Dunod, Paris, September 1999.

• "Asie : vive la crise ?", Politique internationale, n° 84, Summer 1999.

• "Les relations sociales en Asie : un monde auxantipodes ?", Dialogue, la lettre des RessourcesHumaines, TotalFina, n° 11, Autumn 1999.

Régine Serra > Article• "Le monde politique japonais en quête d’une

nouvelle politique de défense", in Chine, Japon,ASEAN. Compétition stratégique ou coopération ?,edited by François Godement, La Documentationfrançaise, Paris, October 1999.

EUROPE

Dominique Moïsi> Article• "Dreaming of Europe", Foreign Policy, Summer

1999.

Philippe Moreau Defarges> Publication• Les institutions européennes, Collection Cursus,

Armand Colin, 4th edition, October 1999.> Article• "Le Kosovo ne sera pas indépendant", Défensenationale, May 1999.

Hans Stark> Articles• "Gerhard Schröder : les 100 premiers jours",

France-Forum, n° 1, 1999.• "France-Germany: A New Start?", The Interna-

tional Spectator, n° 2, 1999.• "Frankreich-Deutschland – die schwierige

Relance", Dokumente, n° 3, 1999.• "De Bonn à Berlin. D’une politique étrangère à

l’autre ?", Politique étrangère, n° 3/99.• "L’éclatement de la Yougoslavie – Les origines

du conflit", Proasile, n° 2, September 1999.• "Frankreich in der Weltpolitik. Weltpolitik als

Berufung?" (with Ingo Kolboom), in HenrikUterwedde, Marieluise Christadler (ed.), Län-derbericht Frankreich, Bundeszentrale für poli-tische Bildung, Bonn, November 1999.


ARAB WORLD

Rémy Leveau> Article• "Islam, laïcité à la française et modèle pluraliste

allemand", in Allemagne Plurielle, WallsteinVerlag, 1999.

Khadija Mohsen-Finan> Article• "Sahara occidental : épilogue d’un conflit dans

une région en mutation", Codesria Journal,Dakar, December 1999.

OTHERS

Dominique Moïsi> Articles• "Les conflits dans le monde. Le nouveau système

international", Les Cahiers français, n° 290,April 1999.

• "L’Amérique, l’ère de la maturité", in RAMSES2000, Dunod, Paris, September 1999.

Thierry de Montbrial> Publication• Introduction à l’économie, with E. Fauchart,

Dunod, Paris, 1999.> Articles• "Réflexions sur la théorie des relations interna-

tionales", Politique étrangère, n° 3/99.• "Le monde au tournant du siècle", in RAMSES

2000, Dunod, Paris, September 1999.

Philippe Moreau Defarges> Publication• Repentance et réconciliation, "La bibliothèque du

citoyen", Presses de Sciences Po, Paris, January1999.

> Articles• "Punir les tyrans", Défense nationale, Paris,

January 1999.• "Monnaie et puissance internationale", Défense

nationale, March 1999.• "L’humanité, ultime ‘grande illusion’ du XXe siècle",

Politique étrangère, n° 3/99.• "Droit et mondialisation", in RAMSES 2000,

Dunod, Paris, September 1999.

51




Ifri and researchers’ publications are presentedon the Institute web site: www.ifri.org

52


T H E L I B R A RY A N D T H E D O C U M E N TAT I O N C E N T R E

> THE LIBRARY

During the year 1999 the Ifri library receivedover 500 readers, members of the institute, students, teachers, researchers and journalists specialized in international relations. Over 30,000 books and 1,000 publication titles inclu-ding 350 "living" were made available to them.

The prime objective of the library is to process efficiently the enormous amount of material thatreaches Ifri (books, publications, reports) fromaround the world and in particular from similarforeign institutes with which the institute has close ties.

Since 1996, readers can consult a computerizedbase for data after 1995. In 1999, in cooperationwith the documentation centre, the library deci-ded to change its computerized data base byacquiring a software package better suited to itsneeds and meeting international cataloguingstandards, thereby facilitating data exchange withother centres. After reviewing the solutions avai-lable, it was decided in December 1999 to adoptthe Xthèque for data retrieval and SPIRIT toconsult data.

> THE DOCUMENTATION CENTRE

Ifri has its own documentation centre reservedexclusively for researchers at the institute. Thecentre covers all international economic and political-strategic developments by press digestsupdated daily and manages a computerized database containing background material.

The bulk of its work is now devoted to consultingexternal data bases and keeping a watching briefon Internet, a truly remarquable data resource.

The year 2000 will bring about considerablechange within the documentation centre throughthe acquisition of the SPIRIT software packagewhich will enable natural language queries on ourdocumentary resource as well as web sites.


53

A N N E X E S


T H E T E A M (as at 31 December1999)

Pierre Jacquet,Dominique Moïsi,Deputy Directors, Editors of Politique étrangère

Marie-Claude de Saint-Hilaire,Personal Assistant to the Director

Thérèse Vigne,Assistant to the Director

Marie-France Feigenbaum,Secretary to the Deputy Directors

Corporate Members, Meetings and CFADominique Letourneur, Assistant Director for Corporate Members

Éliane Mossé, Advisor for CFA

Aymar de Lastour, Augustin Renaud,Advisors for Corporate Members

Martine Breux, Marie-Josèphe Turpault,Assistants

Research:Jacques Beltran, Research Assistant (Security studies)Frédéric Bozo, Senior Research Fellow (Nato, European security)May Chartouni-Dubarry, Research Fellow (Middle East, Arab world, Mediterranean)Dominique David, Senior Research Fellow (Strategic issue)Eddy Fougier, Research Assistant (International relations)François Godement, Senior Research Fellow (Asia-Pacific area)Pierre Jacquet, Deputy Director (International macroeconomy, finance, trade)Jean Klein, Senior Research Fellow (Germany, disarmament)Marie-Hélène Labbé, Senior Research Fellow (Proliferation, nuclear energy)Rémy Leveau, Scientific Advisor (Arab and Muslim world)Khadija Mohsen-Finan, Research Fellow (Arab world, Maghreb)Dominique Moïsi, Deputy Director (United States, European issues)Philippe Moreau Defarges, Senior Research Fellow (European issues, globalisation)Éliane Mossé, Senior Research Fellow (Central and Eastern Europe)Françoise Nicolas, Research Fellow (Emerging economies and development)Guillaume Parmentier, Head of the French Center (Transatlantic relations, Nato)on the United StatesFrédérique Sachwald, Senior Research Fellow (Competitiveness, innovation, firm’s strategies)Régine Serra, Research Assistant (Asia-Pacific area)Hans Stark, Senior Research Fellow, Secretary General of CERFA (Franco-German relations, European issues)Anita Tiraspolsky, Research Fellow (Central and Eastern Europe, CIS)

Secretariat:Marie-Claire Bani Amer, Karine Ginoux (membership), Annick Guibert, Fabienne Latchimy, Lise Moret,Emmanuelle Pageau, Françoise Thomas

Administrative Staff:Florent Baran, Secretary GeneralCorinne Bureau, Assistant Secretary GeneralBernadette Chartrin, AccountancySecretariat: Françoise HenryGeneral Services:Daniel Safon, Data processingNathalie Rivet, Head of facilities Christian Irali, Jean-Jacques Iva, Alex Maleau, Facilities

Reception: Corinne Milloux, Émeline Crepin

Publications:Marielle Roubach, Claire Tixier

Library, Documentation Center:Guity Banan-Bailey (Political issues)Dina Degras-Marx (Library)Dominique Desgranges (Economic issues)Valérie Dupré (Economic issues)Daniel Marier (Economic issues)Chantal Vérité (in charge of the library)

NEW APPOINTMENTS

Jacques Beltran, Graduate of the Institutd’études politiques de Paris and holder of a postgraduate diploma in defence studiesfrom Paris II University, he joined Ifri on 1 March 1999 as a research assistant onsecurity studies.

Guillaume Parmentier, Former NatoDeputy Director for Information and former adviser to the Minister of Defence,joined the Institute on 1 September 1999to sep up the French Center on the UnitedStates.

Nicole Gnesotto left Ifri on 30 October1999 to head the WEU Institute for SecurityStudies.

FOREIGN INTERNS AND

VISITING RESEARCHERS (1999)

Visiting ResearcherJolyon Howorth, United Kingdom, Professorat the University of Bath (since December1999)

InternsAnna Léa Rosenberger, Federal Republicof Germany, 17 May-21 MayPascal Jentch, Federal Republic of Ger-many, 28 June-27 AugustJana Paskajova, Slovak Republic (WEUFellowship), 2 September-2 November Svetlana Anourova, Russian Federation,1 September -1 December

Thierry de Montbrial,Member of the Institut de France, Director

54

A N N E X E S

B O A R D (as at 31 December 1999)

Honorary ChairmanMaurice Faure, Former Minister, Former Member of the Conseil constitutionnel

Chairman Marceau Long, Honorary vice-Chairman of the Conseil d’État,Chairman of the Institut de la gestion déléguée

Vice-Chairman and Secretary Maurice Ulrich, Member of Parliament (Senate)

Vice-Chairman and TreasurerMichel François-Poncet, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Paribas

Members• Robert Badinter,

Former Minister, Senator• Serge Boidevaix,

Ambassador of France, Member of the Conseil d’État• Jean-Claude Casanova,

Member of the Institut de France,Professor at the Institut d’études politiques de Paris

• Bertrand Collomb, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lafarge

• Bertrand Dufourcq, Ambassador of France

• Jacques Friedmann, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of AXA

• Philippe Jurgensen, Executive Chairman of ANVAR

• Amiral Jacques Lanxade, Former Chief of Staff

• Jacques de Larosière, Member of the Institut de France

• Michèle Legras, Member of the Cour des comptes

• Didier Pineau-Valencienne, Honorary Chairman of Schneider Electric, Chairman of AFEP

• Jean-Bernard Raimond, Former Minister, Deputy (National Assembly)

• Louis Schweitzer, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Renault

• Jean-Claude Trichet, Governor of the Banque de France

• Xavier de Villepin, Chairman of the Senate Foreign Affairs, Defence and Armed Forces Committee


Photo credits© Ifri

© Vu Agency © AFP© Nato

© EuroMeSCo.

Conception and production DIVALI Creative office - Stratégie visuelle

38, rue de Turenne - 75003 Paris - France

f rench i nstitute of i nternational r elations a nnual … · 2014. 12. 1. · in ramses 2000,...

Documents