Face RecognitionFace Recognition

By: Thanh Do By: Thanh Do

Warren JuWarren Ju

What is Face Recognition?What is Face Recognition?

Facial recognition systems are computer-Facial recognition systems are computer-based security systems that are able to based security systems that are able to automatically detect and identify human automatically detect and identify human faces. faces.

The development stage for facial The development stage for facial recognition began in the late 1980s and recognition began in the late 1980s and commercially available systems were commercially available systems were made available in the 1990s. While many made available in the 1990s. While many people first heard about facial recognition people first heard about facial recognition after September 11th, 2001, football fans after September 11th, 2001, football fans were introduced to it at the 2004 Super were introduced to it at the 2004 Super Bowl.Bowl.

How does it work?How does it work? The first step for a facial The first step for a facial

recognition system is to recognize recognition system is to recognize a human face and extract it fro the a human face and extract it fro the rest of the scene.rest of the scene.

Next, the system measures nodal Next, the system measures nodal

points on the face, (such as the points on the face, (such as the distance between the eyes, the distance between the eyes, the shape of the cheekbones and shape of the cheekbones and other distinguishable features.)other distinguishable features.)

These nodal points are then These nodal points are then compared to the nodal points compared to the nodal points computed from a database of computed from a database of pictures in order to find a match.pictures in order to find a match.

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Pros of Face recognitionPros of Face recognition Anywhere that you can put a camera, you can potentially use a facial Anywhere that you can put a camera, you can potentially use a facial

recognition system. Many cameras can be installed throughout a location recognition system. Many cameras can be installed throughout a location to maximize security coverage without disrupting traffic flow. to maximize security coverage without disrupting traffic flow.

Face recognition systems can be installed to require a person to explicitly Face recognition systems can be installed to require a person to explicitly step up to a camera and get their picture taken, or to automatically survey step up to a camera and get their picture taken, or to automatically survey people as they pass by a camera. The later mode allows for scanning of people as they pass by a camera. The later mode allows for scanning of many people at the same timemany people at the same time

Video or pictures can be replayed through a facial recognition system for Video or pictures can be replayed through a facial recognition system for surveillance or forensics work after an event.surveillance or forensics work after an event.

Face scanning is not noticeable, can be done at a comfortable distance and Face scanning is not noticeable, can be done at a comfortable distance and does not require the user to touch anything.does not require the user to touch anything.

Cons of Face recognition Cons of Face recognition Such systems may be fooled Such systems may be fooled

by hats, beards, sunglasses by hats, beards, sunglasses and face masks and face masks

Even changes of lighting and Even changes of lighting and camera angle can have a camera angle can have a significant effect on the significant effect on the accuracy of 2D systems accuracy of 2D systems

Some people view mass-scale Some people view mass-scale facial recognition cameras as facial recognition cameras as the ultimate “big brother.”the ultimate “big brother.”

Effective?Effective?

““false positives” which means wrongly false positives” which means wrongly matching innocent people with photos in matching innocent people with photos in the database the database

““false negatives” not catching people even false negatives” not catching people even when their photo is in the database when their photo is in the database

if a subject's face is stored in the if a subject's face is stored in the database, a disguise or a minor change in database, a disguise or a minor change in appearance or even an unusual facial appearance or even an unusual facial expression can confuse the system. expression can confuse the system.

Mission Impossible? Mission Impossible?

Facial Disguise? Facial Disguise?

-Only possible in -Only possible in Hollywood. Hollywood.

-Also too expensive.-Also too expensive.

What about other Biometric What about other Biometric systems?systems?

Though Iris Scan, Finger Print and Hand Though Iris Scan, Finger Print and Hand Geometry biometric system have proven to be Geometry biometric system have proven to be effective, it requires cooperation from the person effective, it requires cooperation from the person being scanned. being scanned.

Where can Face Recognition be Where can Face Recognition be found? found?

ATM machines-Face recognition at ATM ATM machines-Face recognition at ATM machines prevents fraud identification and machines prevents fraud identification and eliminates the usage of a personal eliminates the usage of a personal identification number (PIN)identification number (PIN)

Many people who don't use banks use Many people who don't use banks use check cashing machines. Facial check cashing machines. Facial recognition could eliminate possible recognition could eliminate possible criminal activity.criminal activity.

Voting Places-This eliminate voter Voting Places-This eliminate voter fraud. fraud.

Ex: Mexican Government (Presidential Ex: Mexican Government (Presidential Election)Election)

Privacy V.S. National Security Privacy V.S. National Security

The main issue The main issue concerning face concerning face recognition is Privacy recognition is Privacy V.S. National Security V.S. National Security

Giving your consent to Giving your consent to be scanned in order be scanned in order to live in a safer to live in a safer place. place.

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Show of hands, who Show of hands, who believe this system would believe this system would

work to catch terrorists work to catch terrorists and criminals?and criminals?

THE ENDTHE END

Big Brother is watching you!!Big Brother is watching you!!