facts & myths of nuclear energy, ned xoubi 2008

8/14/2019 Facts & Myths of Nuclear Energy, Ned Xoubi 2008

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Facts & Myths of

Nuclear Power Plants

Dr. Ned Xoubi


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Facts & Myths ofNuclear Power Plants

Dr. Ned Xoubi

Commissioner for Nuclear Fuel Cycle

Jordan Atomic Energy Commission

Symposium on the Technology of Peaceful Nuclear Energy

October 14-16, 2008

Irbid - Jordan


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xoubi

Facts or Myths

The whole world is closing NPP, So why are we building it ?

Law of nuclear power - 10% or less of electrical grid size It will contaminate our water and kills the fish

Needs a lot of water (need for drinking)

Public will be exposed to a huge amount of Radiation

The West will Disassemble their NPPs and send it to us

We will become a Radioactive waste dump


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xoubi

Reactors Operating in 2008

943 Reactors are being operated around the world

284 Research Reactors in 56Countries

220 reactors power over 150ships and submarines

439 Power Reactors in 30countries

FactFact


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xoubi

Operating Reactors around the World


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xoubi

Reactors Under-Construction in 2008

36 Reactors are being built today around the world

36 Reactors areunderconstruction in12 Countries

97 Reactors areplanned in 17countries


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xoubi

NPPs are built on Beaches & Lakes, Rivers

Switzerland

Belgium

United States of

America

Lake Michigan


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xoubi

Nuclear Energy is Safe and Environmental Friendly

Spain

FranceGermany


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Background Sources, US Average Annual Dose (360 mrem)

% % %

%

%

%

%

%

Less than 1% of exposure is due to the generation of electricity in

nuclear power plants


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xoubi

Average Annual Dose from Natural Radiation


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50Natural background levels in several places in Iran, India and

Europe

20Limit (averaged) for nuclear industry employees & U miners

10Maximum actual dose to Australian uranium miners

9Exposure by airline crew flying the NY Tokyo polar route2.4Average dose to US nuclear industry employees

2-3Typical Background radiation experienced by everyone

Comparative Radiation Doses (mSv/yr)

For Doses below 100 mSv per year, there is no available scientific

evidence indicating any cancer risk or immediate health effects


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xoubi

Types of Operating Power Reactors

noneliquid

sodium

PuO2 and

UO24

Japan, France,

Russia

Fast Neutron Reactor

(FBR)

graphitewater

enriched

UO212Russia

Light Water Graphite

Reactor (RBMK)

graphiteCO2

natural U(metal),

enriched

UO2

18UKGas-Cooled Reactor

(AGR & Magnox)

heavy

water

heavy

water

natural

UO243Canada

Pressurized Heavy

Water Reactor

'CANDU' (PHWR)

waterwater

enriched

UO294US, Japan, Sweden

Boiling Water Reactor

(BWR)

waterwaterenriched

UO2264

US, France, Japan,

Russia

Pressurized Water

Reactor (PWR)

ModrtorCoolntFuelNo.Main CountriesReactor type


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xoubi

Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)


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Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)


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xoubi

Electricity Production Cost


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Cost Projections for OECD

OECD electricity generating

cost projections for year 2010

on - 5% discount rate

4.003.112.60Canada

4.672.713.01USA4.652.162.34Korea

5.214.954.80Japan

-4.553.06Romania

5.594.783.13Slovakia

4.972.942.30Czech Rep

6.04-3.58Netherlands

4.36-2.88Switzerland

4.903.522.86Germany

3.923.332.54France

-3.642.76Finland

gascoalnuclear

US 2003 cents/kWh, Discount rate 5%, 40 year lifetime, 85% load factor.

US 2003 cents/kWh, 40 year lifetime, 85% load factor.

Source: OECD/IEA NEA 2005.

Jordan Current Cost (2008)

6 cents/kWh Gas Burning Plants

18 cents /kWh Oil Burning Plants

USA Current Cost (2007)

6.8 cents/kWh Gas Burning Plants

10.3 cents /kWh Oil Burning Plants

1.76 cents /kWh Nuclear Plants


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xoubi

Uranium

:

(U238) (U235) (U234)

% (U238)

1% (U235)

(U235) (1MW day)

8500 Gwh 350 Kg


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xoubi

Nuclear Fuel

"" .

) (


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xoubi

Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF)

Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Pool

SNF is Fuel removed from a

reactor, after it has reached

the end of its useful life

It can be reprocessed to

produce new fuel (France,

UK, Russia, Japan)

Or Stored, and then disposed

of in a final repository (USA)


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The Nuclear Fuel Cycle


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Limitation of The National Grid Size

Lithuania

Has One Reactor , Producing Over 70% of its total Electricity Since 1992

Armenia

Has One Reactor , Supplying 25% - 42% of its total Electricity Since 1996

Slovenia

Has One Reactor, Supplying 32% - 39% of its total Electricity Since 1992

Source xoubi, EIA( 2005)


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xoubi

Nuclear Energy

Safe, Proven, Reliable, Low-cost supplier of electricity

Available and proven technology

Economic benefits jobs & economy Each nuclear plant

Adds over $500 million/year to the economy

Employs ~ 500 1500, with an equivalent number ofindirect jobs

Waste product is controlled, stored, monitored, protected

and regulated The developed world is moving back to Nuclear


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facts & myths of nuclear energy, ned xoubi 2008

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