FacultyFacultyRichard Fikes Edward Richard Fikes Edward FeigenbaumFeigenbaum (Director) (Director) (Emeritus)(Emeritus)

Knowledge Systems LaboratoryKnowledge Systems LaboratoryStanford UniversityStanford University

““In the knowledge is the power.”In the knowledge is the power.”

Senior ScientistsSenior Scientists Deborah McGuinness Sheila Deborah McGuinness Sheila

McIlraithMcIlraith (Associate Director)(Associate Director)

Technology for effectively representing and Technology for effectively representing and using knowledge in computer systemsusing knowledge in computer systems

9/4/02

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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KSL ProjectsKSL Projects For DARPA in multiple programsFor DARPA in multiple programs

DDARPA ARPA AAgent gent MMarkup arkup LLanguage (anguage (DAMLDAML))Semantic WebSemantic Web technology technology

Rapid Knowledge Formation (Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKFRKF))

Knowledge authoringKnowledge authoring technology technology

Secure, robust, and scalable Logistics (Secure, robust, and scalable Logistics (UltraLog)UltraLog)

For the intelligence community in multiple programsFor the intelligence community in multiple programs AAdvanced dvanced QUQUestion & estion & AAnswering for nswering for INTINTelligence (elligence (AQUAINTAQUAINT))

KKnowledge nowledge DDiscovery and iscovery and DDissemination (issemination (KD-DKD-D))

NNovel ovel IIntelligence from ntelligence from MMassive assive DData (ata (NIMDNIMD))

HHome ome LLand and SSecurity ecurity AAdvanced dvanced CConcept oncept TTech. ech. DDemo. (emo. (HLS ACTDHLS ACTD))

Semantic Web ToolsSemantic Web Toolsforfor

Authoring and UsingAuthoring and UsingAnalysis ResultsAnalysis Results

Richard FikesRichard FikesRobert McCoolRobert McCool

Deborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraithDeborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraith

Knowledge Systems LaboratoryKnowledge Systems LaboratoryStanford UniversityStanford University

www.ksl.stanford.eduwww.ksl.stanford.edu

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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The Semantic WebThe Semantic Web

Goal: Evolve the Web –Goal: Evolve the Web – From sites designed for human consumptionFrom sites designed for human consumption To sites alsoTo sites also understandable and usable by computer programs understandable and usable by computer programs

What would that do for us?What would that do for us? Query answeringQuery answering rather than document retrieval rather than document retrieval ServicesServices findable, usable, and composable by automated agents findable, usable, and composable by automated agents Information exchangeInformation exchange among independently designed programs among independently designed programs

How are we getting there from here?How are we getting there from here? For For documents –documents –

> StructureStructure, ala XML, ala XML> OntologiesOntologies to provide intended meaning of terms to provide intended meaning of terms

For For services – services – Computer interpretable descriptionsComputer interpretable descriptions

““The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation.”

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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KD-D Project ObjectivesKD-D Project Objectives

Tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs Tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Semantic Web documentsof Semantic Web documents

Automated services supporting analysis reportsAutomated services supporting analysis reports

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Authoring ToolsAuthoring Tools Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of

Semantic Web documentsSemantic Web documents Tools toTools to build knowledge base of supporting data and results build knowledge base of supporting data and results

Tools to Tools to produce report as text version of knowledge base contentproduce report as text version of knowledge base content Develop automated services supporting analysis reportsDevelop automated services supporting analysis reports

> Report Report templatestemplates that specify – that specify –

– Syntactic structure of the documentSyntactic structure of the document

– Ontologies describing the meaning of the vocabulary used in the template Ontologies describing the meaning of the vocabulary used in the template

– Sequence of entities (class instances) that the document will describeSequence of entities (class instances) that the document will describe

– Perspective for each entity descriptionPerspective for each entity description

> Semantic searchSemantic search tools for effectively finding data relevant to a task tools for effectively finding data relevant to a task

> Interactive extractionInteractive extraction tools for documents and typed text tools for documents and typed text

> Knowledge structuring and editingKnowledge structuring and editing tools tools

> LinkingLinking of analysis of analysis results toresults to supporting supporting datadata

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Services Supporting Analysis ResultsServices Supporting Analysis Results

Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Semantic Web documentsof Semantic Web documents

Develop automated services supporting analysis reportsDevelop automated services supporting analysis reports Monitor for changes in dataMonitor for changes in data supporting results supporting results

Changes and updates to data reflected in reported resultsChanges and updates to data reflected in reported results

Check results for incongruitiesCheck results for incongruities with data and other results with data and other results

Include Include query-answering agentquery-answering agent with report with report

Integrate resultsIntegrate results from multiple authors using differing vocabularies from multiple authors using differing vocabularies

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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I Found These SourcesI Found These Sources

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University8

Document sources

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Hyperlinks in DocumentsHyperlinks in Documents

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University9

Hyperlinks to entities

in knowledge

base

Extracted people

and roles

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Identified People and Their Identified People and Their TitlesTitles

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University10

Identified people and their titles

Incongruity to be resolved

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Situation Analysis TemplateSituation Analysis Template

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University11

A Template to produce a structured description of a

situation

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Kinds of SituationsKinds of Situations

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University12

Templates for more specific

situations

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Election Analysis TemplateElection Analysis Template

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University13

The more specific Election template

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Search for documents about Search for documents about presidentpresident

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University14

Search for reference

documents containing “president”

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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News Stories About News Stories About PresidentPresident

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University15

Only current news stories about an election were considered

Two documents found

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Found Documents Added To Found Documents Added To Template DescriptionTemplate Description

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University16

Entering a candidate

Found documents entered into description

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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No Matches For ZivojinovicNo Matches For Zivojinovic

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University17

No politician named Zivojinovic was found in

the knowledge base

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Zivojinovic is a Movie StarZivojinovic is a Movie Star

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University18

System knows about a Movie Star named

Zivojinovic

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Zivojinovic is a CandidateZivojinovic is a Candidate

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University19

Analyst says the Movie Star is a

candidate

Analyst can extend the template

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Located In is a PropertyLocated In is a Property

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University20

“located in” is a property in the

knowledge base

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Located In YugoslaviaLocated In Yugoslavia

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University21

Analyst enters “yugoslavia” as the location of

the election

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Description of YugoslaviaDescription of Yugoslavia

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University22

System recognizes

“yugoslavia” as a known

country

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Located in Entity YugoslaviaLocated in Entity Yugoslavia

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University23

System changes the

location to the Yugoslavia

knowledge base entity

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Filled Out TemplateFilled Out Template

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University24

Completed template

description of the election

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Election Report Item in KBElection Report Item in KB

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University25

Election description in the knowledge

base

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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System-Generated Text From System-Generated Text From KBKB

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University26

System-generated text

from KB

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Text Version of Report ItemText Version of Report Item

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University27

Report item describing the

election

Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University

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Year 1 Milestones and ImpactYear 1 Milestones and Impact

MilestonesMilestones

Prototype implementationsPrototype implementations – –

> Critical tools for authoring results as Semantic Web documentsCritical tools for authoring results as Semantic Web documents > Sample set of document templates and ontologiesSample set of document templates and ontologies

> Sample set of automated services supporting analysis reportsSample set of automated services supporting analysis reports

ImpactImpact PrototypesPrototypes (tools & services) (tools & services) suitable forsuitable for initial testing by analystsinitial testing by analysts

Designs for implementationsDesigns for implementations suitable for substantial pilot studiessuitable for substantial pilot studies

Semantic Web ToolsSemantic Web Toolsforfor

Authoring and UsingAuthoring and UsingAnalysis ResultsAnalysis Results

Richard FikesRichard FikesRobert McCoolRobert McCool

Deborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraithDeborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraith

Knowledge Systems LaboratoryKnowledge Systems LaboratoryStanford UniversityStanford University

www.ksl.stanford.eduwww.ksl.stanford.edu