Faculty of Life Sciences

Syllabus

for

M Sc (Fermentation amp Microbial Technology)

(CBCEGS)

(Semester I - II)

(FOR NEW ADMISSION)

amp

M Sc (HONS) (Fermentation amp Microbial Technology)

(CBCEGS)

(Semester III - IV)

(FOR OLD ADMISSION)

Examinations 2015ndash16

Guru Nanak Dev University

Amritsar

Note (i) Copy rights are reserved

Nobody is allowed to print it in any form

Defaulters will be prosecuted

(ii) Subject to change in the syllabi at any time

Please visit the University website time to time

1

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Program Code FTB

Scheme of Courses

Semester I

Course No

CEI

Course Title

Credits

Total

Credits

L T P

Core Course

FML411 C Concepts in Microbiology 3 0 0 3

FML 412 C Microbial Diversity 3 0 0 3

FML 413 C Fermentation Technology 3 0 0 3

FML 414 C Microbial Genetics 3 0 0 3

MTL 261

C

Biostatistics

4

0

0

4

FMP 423 C Fermentation Technology Lab 0 0 3 3

FMP 424 C Microbiological Techniques 0 0 45 45

Total Credits ‐ ‐ ‐ 235

2

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Program Code FTB

Scheme of Courses

SemesterndashII

Course No CEI Course Title Total

Credits

T

T

L P

FML 461 C Biochemical Engineering 3 0 0 3

FML 462 C Microbial Nutrition amp Metabolism 3 0 0 3

FML 463 C Biochemical and Biophysical Techniques 3 0 0 3

FML 464 C Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering 4 0 0 4

FML 465 C Environmental Microbiology 3

3 0 0 3

3

FMP 473 C Techniques in Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering 0 0 3 3

FMP 474 C Environmental Microbiology amp Physiology Lab 0 0 3 3

Total Credits ‐ ‐ ‐ 22

3

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester III

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credit L T P

Core Course

FTL 511 C Malting Brewing amp Enzyme Technology 3 0 0 3

FTL 512 C Environmental Biotechnology 3 0 0 3

FTL 513 C Industrial Microbiology 3 0 0 3

FTL 514 C Applied Food Microbiology 3 0 0 3

CSL 591 C Computer Applications 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary course 3 0 0 3

FTP 523 C Industrial amp Environmental Biotechnology Lab 0 0 45 45

FTP 524 C Food Microbiology Lab 0 0 3 3

Total 255

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

4

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester IV

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credits L T P

Core

Course

FTL 561 C Recent advances in Fermentation Technology 4 0 0 4

FTL 562 C

Advances in Industrial

Microbiology 3 0 0 3

E Elective courses 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary Course 3 0 0 3

FTP 574 C Industrial Training 0 0 4 4

FTP 575 C Field Study 0 0 1 1

FTP 576 C Advanced Practicals in Microbiology 0 0 45 45

Total Credits 225

Elective courses

FTL 591 Microbial Enzymes

FTL 592 Basics of Immunology

FTL 593 Waste Recycling

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

5

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-411 CONCEPTS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Historical developments of microbiology scope of microbiology Brief account of

organization and classification of microorganisms Differences between prokaryotic and

eukaryotic cell Overview of bacterial cell structure (size shape arrangement membrane

cell wall cytoplasmic inclusions mesosomes flagella and motility slime capsule pili

chemotaxis endospore) The brief account of fungi structure physiology and classification

brief account of virus (bacteriophages) structure life cycle (lytic and lysogenic)Microscopy

Principles and applications in microbiology brightfield microscopy darkfield

microscopy fluorescence and immuno flourescence microscopy phase contrast and electron

(transmission and scanning) microscopy Staining of microorganismsReproduction and

Growth Life cycles of representative microorganisms including bacteria fungi and viruses

population growth and its measurement effect of environmental condition on growth pH

temp aeration etc continuous culture diauxic synchronous growth cultures and anaerobic

culturesControl of MicroorganismsControl of microbes by physical and chemical agents

Antibiotics properties and mode of action Drug resistance and its significance Antibiotic

sensitivity test Industrial uses of bacteria yeast amp molds

Books Recommended

1 Stanier RY Adelberg EA and Ingraham JL (1984) General Microbiology IV edn

Mac Millan Press

2 Pelczar MJ Chan ECS and Krieg NR (1986) Microbiology V Ed McGraw Hill

3 Prescott LM Harley JP and L Kreig DA (1990) Microbiology WCB Publishers

4 Rosenberg E amp Cohen IR (1983) Microbial Biology HS International Editions

6

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML- 412 Microbial Diversity

Credits 3-0-0

Characteristics of bacteria Morphology structure and reproduction A brief description of

some important bacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Escherichia Streptococcus Bacillus

Clostridium Lactobacillus Methanobacterium Streptomyces Chemical amp physical methods

of virus isolation plaque method pock method amp end point method Bacteriophage general

account one-step growth lytic amp lysogenic phages Plant viral diseases symptoms

transmission amp multiplication viral diseases of animals infection multiplication

transmission control of viruses by conventional amp non-conventional methods General

account and role of virus in genetic engineering Introduction distribution thallus

organization cell structure nutrition sexual and asexual reproduction heterothallism and

parasexuality in fungi Classification of fungi general life cycles and salient identification

features of important fungi ie Phytophthora Aspergillus Saccharomyces Penicillium

Rhizopus and Puccinia Economic importance of fungi Mushroom cultivation

Books Recommended

1 Holtz JG Krieg NR Sncath PHA Atalay JT and Williams ST(Eds)

Bergeyrsquos Manual of Systematic Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition (William R

Hensyl Ed)

2 Davis BD Delbecco R Eisen HN Ginsberg HS and Wood WB Jr

Microbiology Harper amp Row

3 Stanier RY Ingraham JL Wheeto ML and Painter P R General Microbiology

Mc Millan Press Ltd UK

4 Alexopolous CJ and Mims CW 1979 Introductory Mycology IIIrd edn John

Wiley and Sons inc New York

5 Burnett JH 1976 Fundamentals of Mycology Edward Arnold

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

1

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Program Code FTB

Scheme of Courses

Semester I

Course No

CEI

Course Title

Credits

Total

Credits

L T P

Core Course

FML411 C Concepts in Microbiology 3 0 0 3

FML 412 C Microbial Diversity 3 0 0 3

FML 413 C Fermentation Technology 3 0 0 3

FML 414 C Microbial Genetics 3 0 0 3

MTL 261

C

Biostatistics

4

0

0

4

FMP 423 C Fermentation Technology Lab 0 0 3 3

FMP 424 C Microbiological Techniques 0 0 45 45

Total Credits ‐ ‐ ‐ 235

2

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Program Code FTB

Scheme of Courses

SemesterndashII

Course No CEI Course Title Total

Credits

T

T

L P

FML 461 C Biochemical Engineering 3 0 0 3

FML 462 C Microbial Nutrition amp Metabolism 3 0 0 3

FML 463 C Biochemical and Biophysical Techniques 3 0 0 3

FML 464 C Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering 4 0 0 4

FML 465 C Environmental Microbiology 3

3 0 0 3

3

FMP 473 C Techniques in Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering 0 0 3 3

FMP 474 C Environmental Microbiology amp Physiology Lab 0 0 3 3

Total Credits ‐ ‐ ‐ 22

3

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester III

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credit L T P

Core Course

FTL 511 C Malting Brewing amp Enzyme Technology 3 0 0 3

FTL 512 C Environmental Biotechnology 3 0 0 3

FTL 513 C Industrial Microbiology 3 0 0 3

FTL 514 C Applied Food Microbiology 3 0 0 3

CSL 591 C Computer Applications 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary course 3 0 0 3

FTP 523 C Industrial amp Environmental Biotechnology Lab 0 0 45 45

FTP 524 C Food Microbiology Lab 0 0 3 3

Total 255

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

4

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester IV

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credits L T P

Core

Course

FTL 561 C Recent advances in Fermentation Technology 4 0 0 4

FTL 562 C

Advances in Industrial

Microbiology 3 0 0 3

E Elective courses 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary Course 3 0 0 3

FTP 574 C Industrial Training 0 0 4 4

FTP 575 C Field Study 0 0 1 1

FTP 576 C Advanced Practicals in Microbiology 0 0 45 45

Total Credits 225

Elective courses

FTL 591 Microbial Enzymes

FTL 592 Basics of Immunology

FTL 593 Waste Recycling

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

5

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-411 CONCEPTS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Historical developments of microbiology scope of microbiology Brief account of

organization and classification of microorganisms Differences between prokaryotic and

eukaryotic cell Overview of bacterial cell structure (size shape arrangement membrane

cell wall cytoplasmic inclusions mesosomes flagella and motility slime capsule pili

chemotaxis endospore) The brief account of fungi structure physiology and classification

brief account of virus (bacteriophages) structure life cycle (lytic and lysogenic)Microscopy

Principles and applications in microbiology brightfield microscopy darkfield

microscopy fluorescence and immuno flourescence microscopy phase contrast and electron

(transmission and scanning) microscopy Staining of microorganismsReproduction and

Growth Life cycles of representative microorganisms including bacteria fungi and viruses

population growth and its measurement effect of environmental condition on growth pH

temp aeration etc continuous culture diauxic synchronous growth cultures and anaerobic

culturesControl of MicroorganismsControl of microbes by physical and chemical agents

Antibiotics properties and mode of action Drug resistance and its significance Antibiotic

sensitivity test Industrial uses of bacteria yeast amp molds

Books Recommended

1 Stanier RY Adelberg EA and Ingraham JL (1984) General Microbiology IV edn

Mac Millan Press

2 Pelczar MJ Chan ECS and Krieg NR (1986) Microbiology V Ed McGraw Hill

3 Prescott LM Harley JP and L Kreig DA (1990) Microbiology WCB Publishers

4 Rosenberg E amp Cohen IR (1983) Microbial Biology HS International Editions

6

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML- 412 Microbial Diversity

Credits 3-0-0

Characteristics of bacteria Morphology structure and reproduction A brief description of

some important bacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Escherichia Streptococcus Bacillus

Clostridium Lactobacillus Methanobacterium Streptomyces Chemical amp physical methods

of virus isolation plaque method pock method amp end point method Bacteriophage general

account one-step growth lytic amp lysogenic phages Plant viral diseases symptoms

transmission amp multiplication viral diseases of animals infection multiplication

transmission control of viruses by conventional amp non-conventional methods General

account and role of virus in genetic engineering Introduction distribution thallus

organization cell structure nutrition sexual and asexual reproduction heterothallism and

parasexuality in fungi Classification of fungi general life cycles and salient identification

features of important fungi ie Phytophthora Aspergillus Saccharomyces Penicillium

Rhizopus and Puccinia Economic importance of fungi Mushroom cultivation

Books Recommended

1 Holtz JG Krieg NR Sncath PHA Atalay JT and Williams ST(Eds)

Bergeyrsquos Manual of Systematic Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition (William R

Hensyl Ed)

2 Davis BD Delbecco R Eisen HN Ginsberg HS and Wood WB Jr

Microbiology Harper amp Row

3 Stanier RY Ingraham JL Wheeto ML and Painter P R General Microbiology

Mc Millan Press Ltd UK

4 Alexopolous CJ and Mims CW 1979 Introductory Mycology IIIrd edn John

Wiley and Sons inc New York

5 Burnett JH 1976 Fundamentals of Mycology Edward Arnold

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

2

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Program Code FTB

Scheme of Courses

SemesterndashII

Course No CEI Course Title Total

Credits

T

T

L P

FML 461 C Biochemical Engineering 3 0 0 3

FML 462 C Microbial Nutrition amp Metabolism 3 0 0 3

FML 463 C Biochemical and Biophysical Techniques 3 0 0 3

FML 464 C Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering 4 0 0 4

FML 465 C Environmental Microbiology 3

3 0 0 3

3

FMP 473 C Techniques in Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering 0 0 3 3

FMP 474 C Environmental Microbiology amp Physiology Lab 0 0 3 3

Total Credits ‐ ‐ ‐ 22

3

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester III

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credit L T P

Core Course

FTL 511 C Malting Brewing amp Enzyme Technology 3 0 0 3

FTL 512 C Environmental Biotechnology 3 0 0 3

FTL 513 C Industrial Microbiology 3 0 0 3

FTL 514 C Applied Food Microbiology 3 0 0 3

CSL 591 C Computer Applications 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary course 3 0 0 3

FTP 523 C Industrial amp Environmental Biotechnology Lab 0 0 45 45

FTP 524 C Food Microbiology Lab 0 0 3 3

Total 255

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

4

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester IV

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credits L T P

Core

Course

FTL 561 C Recent advances in Fermentation Technology 4 0 0 4

FTL 562 C

Advances in Industrial

Microbiology 3 0 0 3

E Elective courses 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary Course 3 0 0 3

FTP 574 C Industrial Training 0 0 4 4

FTP 575 C Field Study 0 0 1 1

FTP 576 C Advanced Practicals in Microbiology 0 0 45 45

Total Credits 225

Elective courses

FTL 591 Microbial Enzymes

FTL 592 Basics of Immunology

FTL 593 Waste Recycling

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

5

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-411 CONCEPTS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Historical developments of microbiology scope of microbiology Brief account of

organization and classification of microorganisms Differences between prokaryotic and

eukaryotic cell Overview of bacterial cell structure (size shape arrangement membrane

cell wall cytoplasmic inclusions mesosomes flagella and motility slime capsule pili

chemotaxis endospore) The brief account of fungi structure physiology and classification

brief account of virus (bacteriophages) structure life cycle (lytic and lysogenic)Microscopy

Principles and applications in microbiology brightfield microscopy darkfield

microscopy fluorescence and immuno flourescence microscopy phase contrast and electron

(transmission and scanning) microscopy Staining of microorganismsReproduction and

Growth Life cycles of representative microorganisms including bacteria fungi and viruses

population growth and its measurement effect of environmental condition on growth pH

temp aeration etc continuous culture diauxic synchronous growth cultures and anaerobic

culturesControl of MicroorganismsControl of microbes by physical and chemical agents

Antibiotics properties and mode of action Drug resistance and its significance Antibiotic

sensitivity test Industrial uses of bacteria yeast amp molds

Books Recommended

1 Stanier RY Adelberg EA and Ingraham JL (1984) General Microbiology IV edn

Mac Millan Press

2 Pelczar MJ Chan ECS and Krieg NR (1986) Microbiology V Ed McGraw Hill

3 Prescott LM Harley JP and L Kreig DA (1990) Microbiology WCB Publishers

4 Rosenberg E amp Cohen IR (1983) Microbial Biology HS International Editions

6

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML- 412 Microbial Diversity

Credits 3-0-0

Characteristics of bacteria Morphology structure and reproduction A brief description of

some important bacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Escherichia Streptococcus Bacillus

Clostridium Lactobacillus Methanobacterium Streptomyces Chemical amp physical methods

of virus isolation plaque method pock method amp end point method Bacteriophage general

account one-step growth lytic amp lysogenic phages Plant viral diseases symptoms

transmission amp multiplication viral diseases of animals infection multiplication

transmission control of viruses by conventional amp non-conventional methods General

account and role of virus in genetic engineering Introduction distribution thallus

organization cell structure nutrition sexual and asexual reproduction heterothallism and

parasexuality in fungi Classification of fungi general life cycles and salient identification

features of important fungi ie Phytophthora Aspergillus Saccharomyces Penicillium

Rhizopus and Puccinia Economic importance of fungi Mushroom cultivation

Books Recommended

1 Holtz JG Krieg NR Sncath PHA Atalay JT and Williams ST(Eds)

Bergeyrsquos Manual of Systematic Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition (William R

Hensyl Ed)

2 Davis BD Delbecco R Eisen HN Ginsberg HS and Wood WB Jr

Microbiology Harper amp Row

3 Stanier RY Ingraham JL Wheeto ML and Painter P R General Microbiology

Mc Millan Press Ltd UK

4 Alexopolous CJ and Mims CW 1979 Introductory Mycology IIIrd edn John

Wiley and Sons inc New York

5 Burnett JH 1976 Fundamentals of Mycology Edward Arnold

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

3

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester III

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credit L T P

Core Course

FTL 511 C Malting Brewing amp Enzyme Technology 3 0 0 3

FTL 512 C Environmental Biotechnology 3 0 0 3

FTL 513 C Industrial Microbiology 3 0 0 3

FTL 514 C Applied Food Microbiology 3 0 0 3

CSL 591 C Computer Applications 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary course 3 0 0 3

FTP 523 C Industrial amp Environmental Biotechnology Lab 0 0 45 45

FTP 524 C Food Microbiology Lab 0 0 3 3

Total 255

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

4

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester IV

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credits L T P

Core

Course

FTL 561 C Recent advances in Fermentation Technology 4 0 0 4

FTL 562 C

Advances in Industrial

Microbiology 3 0 0 3

E Elective courses 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary Course 3 0 0 3

FTP 574 C Industrial Training 0 0 4 4

FTP 575 C Field Study 0 0 1 1

FTP 576 C Advanced Practicals in Microbiology 0 0 45 45

Total Credits 225

Elective courses

FTL 591 Microbial Enzymes

FTL 592 Basics of Immunology

FTL 593 Waste Recycling

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

5

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-411 CONCEPTS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Historical developments of microbiology scope of microbiology Brief account of

organization and classification of microorganisms Differences between prokaryotic and

eukaryotic cell Overview of bacterial cell structure (size shape arrangement membrane

cell wall cytoplasmic inclusions mesosomes flagella and motility slime capsule pili

chemotaxis endospore) The brief account of fungi structure physiology and classification

brief account of virus (bacteriophages) structure life cycle (lytic and lysogenic)Microscopy

Principles and applications in microbiology brightfield microscopy darkfield

microscopy fluorescence and immuno flourescence microscopy phase contrast and electron

(transmission and scanning) microscopy Staining of microorganismsReproduction and

Growth Life cycles of representative microorganisms including bacteria fungi and viruses

population growth and its measurement effect of environmental condition on growth pH

temp aeration etc continuous culture diauxic synchronous growth cultures and anaerobic

culturesControl of MicroorganismsControl of microbes by physical and chemical agents

Antibiotics properties and mode of action Drug resistance and its significance Antibiotic

sensitivity test Industrial uses of bacteria yeast amp molds

Books Recommended

1 Stanier RY Adelberg EA and Ingraham JL (1984) General Microbiology IV edn

Mac Millan Press

2 Pelczar MJ Chan ECS and Krieg NR (1986) Microbiology V Ed McGraw Hill

3 Prescott LM Harley JP and L Kreig DA (1990) Microbiology WCB Publishers

4 Rosenberg E amp Cohen IR (1983) Microbial Biology HS International Editions

6

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML- 412 Microbial Diversity

Credits 3-0-0

Characteristics of bacteria Morphology structure and reproduction A brief description of

some important bacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Escherichia Streptococcus Bacillus

Clostridium Lactobacillus Methanobacterium Streptomyces Chemical amp physical methods

of virus isolation plaque method pock method amp end point method Bacteriophage general

account one-step growth lytic amp lysogenic phages Plant viral diseases symptoms

transmission amp multiplication viral diseases of animals infection multiplication

transmission control of viruses by conventional amp non-conventional methods General

account and role of virus in genetic engineering Introduction distribution thallus

organization cell structure nutrition sexual and asexual reproduction heterothallism and

parasexuality in fungi Classification of fungi general life cycles and salient identification

features of important fungi ie Phytophthora Aspergillus Saccharomyces Penicillium

Rhizopus and Puccinia Economic importance of fungi Mushroom cultivation

Books Recommended

1 Holtz JG Krieg NR Sncath PHA Atalay JT and Williams ST(Eds)

Bergeyrsquos Manual of Systematic Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition (William R

Hensyl Ed)

2 Davis BD Delbecco R Eisen HN Ginsberg HS and Wood WB Jr

Microbiology Harper amp Row

3 Stanier RY Ingraham JL Wheeto ML and Painter P R General Microbiology

Mc Millan Press Ltd UK

4 Alexopolous CJ and Mims CW 1979 Introductory Mycology IIIrd edn John

Wiley and Sons inc New York

5 Burnett JH 1976 Fundamentals of Mycology Edward Arnold

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

4

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology (Semester System)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

(FOR OLD STUDENTS WHO ADMITTED IN SESSION 2014-15)

Semester IV

Course CEI Course Title Credits Total

No

Credits L T P

Core

Course

FTL 561 C Recent advances in Fermentation Technology 4 0 0 4

FTL 562 C

Advances in Industrial

Microbiology 3 0 0 3

E Elective courses 3 0 0 3

I Interdisciplinary Course 3 0 0 3

FTP 574 C Industrial Training 0 0 4 4

FTP 575 C Field Study 0 0 1 1

FTP 576 C Advanced Practicals in Microbiology 0 0 45 45

Total Credits 225

Elective courses

FTL 591 Microbial Enzymes

FTL 592 Basics of Immunology

FTL 593 Waste Recycling

Interdisciplinary Courses will be selected from schemes of courses of other

Departments

5

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-411 CONCEPTS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Historical developments of microbiology scope of microbiology Brief account of

organization and classification of microorganisms Differences between prokaryotic and

eukaryotic cell Overview of bacterial cell structure (size shape arrangement membrane

cell wall cytoplasmic inclusions mesosomes flagella and motility slime capsule pili

chemotaxis endospore) The brief account of fungi structure physiology and classification

brief account of virus (bacteriophages) structure life cycle (lytic and lysogenic)Microscopy

Principles and applications in microbiology brightfield microscopy darkfield

microscopy fluorescence and immuno flourescence microscopy phase contrast and electron

(transmission and scanning) microscopy Staining of microorganismsReproduction and

Growth Life cycles of representative microorganisms including bacteria fungi and viruses

population growth and its measurement effect of environmental condition on growth pH

temp aeration etc continuous culture diauxic synchronous growth cultures and anaerobic

culturesControl of MicroorganismsControl of microbes by physical and chemical agents

Antibiotics properties and mode of action Drug resistance and its significance Antibiotic

sensitivity test Industrial uses of bacteria yeast amp molds

Books Recommended

1 Stanier RY Adelberg EA and Ingraham JL (1984) General Microbiology IV edn

Mac Millan Press

2 Pelczar MJ Chan ECS and Krieg NR (1986) Microbiology V Ed McGraw Hill

3 Prescott LM Harley JP and L Kreig DA (1990) Microbiology WCB Publishers

4 Rosenberg E amp Cohen IR (1983) Microbial Biology HS International Editions

6

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML- 412 Microbial Diversity

Credits 3-0-0

Characteristics of bacteria Morphology structure and reproduction A brief description of

some important bacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Escherichia Streptococcus Bacillus

Clostridium Lactobacillus Methanobacterium Streptomyces Chemical amp physical methods

of virus isolation plaque method pock method amp end point method Bacteriophage general

account one-step growth lytic amp lysogenic phages Plant viral diseases symptoms

transmission amp multiplication viral diseases of animals infection multiplication

transmission control of viruses by conventional amp non-conventional methods General

account and role of virus in genetic engineering Introduction distribution thallus

organization cell structure nutrition sexual and asexual reproduction heterothallism and

parasexuality in fungi Classification of fungi general life cycles and salient identification

features of important fungi ie Phytophthora Aspergillus Saccharomyces Penicillium

Rhizopus and Puccinia Economic importance of fungi Mushroom cultivation

Books Recommended

1 Holtz JG Krieg NR Sncath PHA Atalay JT and Williams ST(Eds)

Bergeyrsquos Manual of Systematic Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition (William R

Hensyl Ed)

2 Davis BD Delbecco R Eisen HN Ginsberg HS and Wood WB Jr

Microbiology Harper amp Row

3 Stanier RY Ingraham JL Wheeto ML and Painter P R General Microbiology

Mc Millan Press Ltd UK

4 Alexopolous CJ and Mims CW 1979 Introductory Mycology IIIrd edn John

Wiley and Sons inc New York

5 Burnett JH 1976 Fundamentals of Mycology Edward Arnold

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

5

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-411 CONCEPTS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Historical developments of microbiology scope of microbiology Brief account of

organization and classification of microorganisms Differences between prokaryotic and

eukaryotic cell Overview of bacterial cell structure (size shape arrangement membrane

cell wall cytoplasmic inclusions mesosomes flagella and motility slime capsule pili

chemotaxis endospore) The brief account of fungi structure physiology and classification

brief account of virus (bacteriophages) structure life cycle (lytic and lysogenic)Microscopy

Principles and applications in microbiology brightfield microscopy darkfield

microscopy fluorescence and immuno flourescence microscopy phase contrast and electron

(transmission and scanning) microscopy Staining of microorganismsReproduction and

Growth Life cycles of representative microorganisms including bacteria fungi and viruses

population growth and its measurement effect of environmental condition on growth pH

temp aeration etc continuous culture diauxic synchronous growth cultures and anaerobic

culturesControl of MicroorganismsControl of microbes by physical and chemical agents

Antibiotics properties and mode of action Drug resistance and its significance Antibiotic

sensitivity test Industrial uses of bacteria yeast amp molds

Books Recommended

1 Stanier RY Adelberg EA and Ingraham JL (1984) General Microbiology IV edn

Mac Millan Press

2 Pelczar MJ Chan ECS and Krieg NR (1986) Microbiology V Ed McGraw Hill

3 Prescott LM Harley JP and L Kreig DA (1990) Microbiology WCB Publishers

4 Rosenberg E amp Cohen IR (1983) Microbial Biology HS International Editions

6

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML- 412 Microbial Diversity

Credits 3-0-0

Characteristics of bacteria Morphology structure and reproduction A brief description of

some important bacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Escherichia Streptococcus Bacillus

Clostridium Lactobacillus Methanobacterium Streptomyces Chemical amp physical methods

of virus isolation plaque method pock method amp end point method Bacteriophage general

account one-step growth lytic amp lysogenic phages Plant viral diseases symptoms

transmission amp multiplication viral diseases of animals infection multiplication

transmission control of viruses by conventional amp non-conventional methods General

account and role of virus in genetic engineering Introduction distribution thallus

organization cell structure nutrition sexual and asexual reproduction heterothallism and

parasexuality in fungi Classification of fungi general life cycles and salient identification

features of important fungi ie Phytophthora Aspergillus Saccharomyces Penicillium

Rhizopus and Puccinia Economic importance of fungi Mushroom cultivation

Books Recommended

1 Holtz JG Krieg NR Sncath PHA Atalay JT and Williams ST(Eds)

Bergeyrsquos Manual of Systematic Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition (William R

Hensyl Ed)

2 Davis BD Delbecco R Eisen HN Ginsberg HS and Wood WB Jr

Microbiology Harper amp Row

3 Stanier RY Ingraham JL Wheeto ML and Painter P R General Microbiology

Mc Millan Press Ltd UK

4 Alexopolous CJ and Mims CW 1979 Introductory Mycology IIIrd edn John

Wiley and Sons inc New York

5 Burnett JH 1976 Fundamentals of Mycology Edward Arnold

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

6

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML- 412 Microbial Diversity

Credits 3-0-0

Characteristics of bacteria Morphology structure and reproduction A brief description of

some important bacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Escherichia Streptococcus Bacillus

Clostridium Lactobacillus Methanobacterium Streptomyces Chemical amp physical methods

of virus isolation plaque method pock method amp end point method Bacteriophage general

account one-step growth lytic amp lysogenic phages Plant viral diseases symptoms

transmission amp multiplication viral diseases of animals infection multiplication

transmission control of viruses by conventional amp non-conventional methods General

account and role of virus in genetic engineering Introduction distribution thallus

organization cell structure nutrition sexual and asexual reproduction heterothallism and

parasexuality in fungi Classification of fungi general life cycles and salient identification

features of important fungi ie Phytophthora Aspergillus Saccharomyces Penicillium

Rhizopus and Puccinia Economic importance of fungi Mushroom cultivation

Books Recommended

1 Holtz JG Krieg NR Sncath PHA Atalay JT and Williams ST(Eds)

Bergeyrsquos Manual of Systematic Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition (William R

Hensyl Ed)

2 Davis BD Delbecco R Eisen HN Ginsberg HS and Wood WB Jr

Microbiology Harper amp Row

3 Stanier RY Ingraham JL Wheeto ML and Painter P R General Microbiology

Mc Millan Press Ltd UK

4 Alexopolous CJ and Mims CW 1979 Introductory Mycology IIIrd edn John

Wiley and Sons inc New York

5 Burnett JH 1976 Fundamentals of Mycology Edward Arnold

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

7

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-413 FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction and historical developments in fermentation technology Introduction to

fermentation processes Microbial culture selection for fermentation processes Media

formulation inoculum development and process optimization

Gadens Fermentation classification Design and operation of Fermenters Basic

concepts for selection of a reactor Packed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Trickle bed

reactor Bubble column reactor Scale up of Bioreactor

Fermentation processes for production of SCP enzymes amino acids citric acid penicillin

Bioprocess economics and Bioproduct regulation

Down Stream processing Recovery of particulate matter product isolation

distillation centrifugation whole broth processing filtration aqueous two-phase separation

solvent extraction chromatography and electrophoresis

Reference

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986) Mcgraw

Hills Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag chemie

2 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Pergamon Press

3 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific Publication

London

4 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

8

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-414 MICROBIAL GENETICS

Credits 3-0-0

Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome Chromatin and chromosomes

nucleosomes

Mutants and their role in microbial genetics types of mutants fluctuation test genetic

analysis with mutants and gene mapping linkage and multifactor crosses and

complementation Reversion and suppression

Generalized recombination Molecular mechanism and proteins involved in recombination

Transposable elements types and mechanism of transposition significance Phage Mu

Transformation competence factors and DNA uptake significance Conjugation F-factor

Hfr strain and interrupted mating Transduction generalised and specialized transduction

mechanism

Phage λ gene organization lytic and lysogenic phase

Bacterial plasmids types control of copy number and incompatibility fertility factors

Resistance factor

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronan JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd Edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

2 Genes IX Lewin Benjamin 2007 CBS Publishers and Distributors

3 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartleet Publishers

4 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

5 Stent GS amp Calender R 1986 Molecular Genetics 2nd Edition CDS Publishers

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

9

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

MTL 261- BIOSTATISTICS

Credits 4-0-0

Note The scope of this paper is restricted only to the applications of various statistical

techniques The mathematical derivations of various results are excluded

Statistical Method Collection of data Frequency distribution and its graphical

representation Measures of central tendency dispersion skewness and kurtosis moments

(12 Lectures)

Correlation and Regression Relationship between variables covariance Karl-Pearsonrsquos

correlation coefficient Spearmanrsquos rank correlation coefficient interpretation of correlation

coefficients Least square technique for regression lines (without proof) regression

coefficients relationship between correlation analysis and regression analysis

(07 Lectures)

Probability Mathematical definition of probability of an event Use of permutations and

combinations in calculations of probability Conditional probability Additive and

multiplication law of probability random variables and its pmf pdf cdf mathematical

expectation and variances Theoretical Distribution of binomial poison and normal Properties

of these distributions (Applications only) (08 Lectures)

Hypothesis Testing Sample population statistics and parameters null hypothesis level of

significance Definitions of Chi-square test lsquotrsquo and lsquofrsquo varieties and their Pdf 3 only

Application of these distributions in testing of hypothesis

(10 Lectures)

Analysis of Variance Meaning of analysis variance with linear models Analysis of variance

for one-way classified data analysis of variance for two-way classified data with one

observations for cell analysis of variance for two-way classified data with multiple but equal

number of observations per cell (data analysis only)

(08 Lectures)

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

10

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

Text Books

1 Raghavarao D Statistical Techniques in Agricultural and Biological research (1983)

Oxford and IBH Publishing Co [Chapters 2345789 and 10]

2 Fowler J Cohen L and Jarvis P Practical Statistics for Field Biology 2nd Edition

(1998) John Wiley and sons [Chapters 456(71-76) 9(91-94) 12(121-127)

13(131-134136137)14(141-145147)15(153-1581510-1511)16(169-1613)

17(171-173175176178)]

REFERENCE BOOKS

1 Wayne W Daniel Biostatistics A Foundation For analysis In Health sciences 7th Edition

(1999) John Wiley and Sons

2 Finney DJ Statistics for Biologists (1980) Chapman and Hall Ltd

3 Hoel PG Elementary statics 3rd Edition (1971) John Wiley and sons

4 Ross SM Introductory Statics 2nd Edition (2005) Academic Press

5 Bland M An introduction to Medical Statistics 3rd Edition (2006) Oxford University

Press

6 Woodworth G Biostatistics A Bayesian Introduction (2004) John Wiley and sons

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

11

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-423 Fermentation Technology Lab

Credits 0-0-3

1 Fungal and Bacterial Fermentation

2 Anaerobic fermentation (wine)

3 Fermentation for the production of primary metabolites (Citric acid)

4 Fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics)

5 Solid state fermentation for production of enzymes

6 Shake flask fermentation (Study of effect of agitation)

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

12

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-I)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-424 MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 0-0-45

1 Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution agar plating method

2 Isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes from soil

3 Microbiological and cultural characterization of bacteria and actinomycetes

4 Staining of bacteria Simple staining negative staining gram staining acid fast staining

spore staining capsule staining

5 To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria Acid and gas production from sugars

gelatin liquefaction starch hydrolysis casein hydrolysis nitrate reduction indole

production H2S production methyl red test Voges Proskauer test citrate utilization

catalase activity urea activity oxidase activity

6 MPN method for testing quality of water

7 Isolation of spontaneous mutants from environmental samples

8 Replica plating technique for isolation of mutantsvariants

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

13

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-461 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction to bio-chemical engineering Interaction between chemical

engineering Microbiology and Biochemistry Simple enzyme kinetics and Enzyme

inhibition kinetics

Stoichiometry of cell growth Monods Growth kinetics Specific growth rate

growth yield production yield Yg Yo2 Yatp Saturation constant maintenance energy

Transient growth

Kinetics of media sterilization Design of batch and continuous sterilization

processes Calculation of Del factor and holding time Richards rapid methods of design

of sterilization process Scale up of batch sterilization process Methods of air sterilization

process Design of air filters effects of bed depth and air velocity on filtration

Product synthesis kinetics Growth and non growth synthesis Open and closed

system of fermentation Mathematical model for batch fermentation Plug flow reactor

and its kinetics Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Steady state model for CSTR

Rate of biomass production in a chemostat

Books Recommended

1 Biely JE and Ollis DF Bio Chemical Engineering Fundamentals (1986)

Mcgraw Hills

2 Rehm HJ and Reed G (ed) Biotechnology Vol 1-2 Verlag-chemie

3 Stanbury PE and Whitaker A Principles of Fermentation Technology (1984)

Prgamon Press

4 Pirt SJ Principles of Microbial and Cell Cultivation Blackwell Scientific

Publication London

5 Moo-young M Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol 1-4 Pergamon Press Oxford

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

14

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System) FML-462 MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

Credits 3-0-0 Classification of micro-organisms based on their nutritional requirements Mode and

mechanisms employed by various groups of microorganisms to derive nutrients Transport

across microbial membrane Diffusion Passive amp Active Transport Facilitated diffusion

Group translocation sodium-potassium pump Biochemical energetics redox pairs in energy

production high energy bonds ATP generating processes substrate level phosphorylation

components and arrangement of electron transport chain reducing power

Carbohydrate metabolism glycolysis citric acid cycle glyoxylate pathway HM pathway

ED pathway Photosynthesis Autotroph CO2 fixation Assimilation of nitrogen and sulphur

Pathways for biosynthesis of Amino Acids peptidoglycan chitin

Brief account of physiology of thermophiles halophiles and methanogens

Books Recommended

1 Conn EE amp Stump PK (1988) Outline of Biochemistry John Wiley amp Sons

2 Doelle (1981) Bacterial Metabolism Pergamon Press

3 Gottschalk E (2004) Microbial Metabolism Springer Verilag

4 Dewal IW amp Sutherland IW 2003 Microbial Physiology

5 Moat JW 2006 Microbial Physiology 3rd edition

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

15

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-463 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES

Credits 3-0-0

Theory and applications of chromatographic techniques Thin layer and column

chromatography ion exchange and affinity chromatography reverse-phase chromatography

GLCHPLC and FPLC

Theory and application of electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acid polyacrylamide gel

electrophoresis isoelectric focusing pulse field gel electrophoresis immunodiffusion and

immuno electrophoresis methods

Theory and application of analytical and preparative centrifugation Concept of continuous

and zonal rotors analytical centrifuge

Theory and application of spectroscopy UV visible infrared NMRMR GC-MS

spectroscopy

Introduction to radioisotopes and their monitoring concepts of counting efficiency and auto

radiography Principles and applications of serodiagnostic techniques

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D (1982) Physical Biochemistry Application to Biochemistry and Molecular

Biology 2nd ed WH Freemen and Company San Fransisco

2 Griffiths OM (1983) Techniques of Preparative Zonal and Continuous Flow

Ultracentrifugation Bechmans Ultracentrifuge Manual

3 William BL and Wilson K (1986) A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques

Practical Biochemistry 3rd ed Edward Arnold Publisher Baltimore Maryland (USA)

4 Slater RJ (1990) Radioisotopes in Biology-A Practical Approach Oxford University

Press New York

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

16

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-464 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY amp GENETIC ENGINEERING

Credits 4-0-0

Nucleic acids structure of DNA functions replication DNA damage and repair isolation

and sequencing Transcription types of RNA and their role in gene expression

Translation components involved t-RNA as adapter genetic code and its salient features

gene expression inducible and repressible operon (account of lac operon and trp operon

regulation)

Molecular cloning techniques and their importance cloning vectors properties and uses of

phage vectorsplasmidscosmids and phasmidscloning strategies cloning of genomic DNA

cDNA cloning selection and characterization of clones gene probes labeling PCR

principle types and role in molecular biology

Books Recommended

1 Friefelder D 1987 Microbial Genetics Narosa Publication

2 Friefelder D Maloy SR and Cronana JE 1994 Microbial Genetics IInd edition

Jones and Barlett Publishers

3 Lewin B 1990 Gene V Oxford Univ Press

4 Malacinski GM amp Friefelder D 1993 Essentials of Molecular Biology IInd Edition

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

5 Synder L and Champness W 1997 Molecular Genetics of Bacteria ASM Press

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

17

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FML-465 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Define the concept of Environment Microenvironment and Microbial Ecology

Distribution of microorganisms in different ecosystems Air Water and Soil The

significance of cell number methods for enumerating microbes biomass and activities viable

cell count procedures biochemical methods for measurement of microbial biomass

Microbial Interactions The concept of positive negative and neutral interactions Parasitism

Predation Neutralism Commensalism Amensalism Mutualism Synergism and

Competition

Purification of waste waters and communal sewage by aerobic processes Activated

sludge process Trickling filter process Rotating Biological Contactors lagoon process

Purification of waste waters and effluents by anaerobic processing Microbiology of methane

formation

Microbial mobilization and immobilization of carbon within the biosphere The

nitrogen cycle general aspects of nitrogen cycling Ammonification and ammonia

assimilation nitrification nitrate reduction and nitrogen fixation The phosphorus cycle

Books Recommended

1 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981)

Addison-Wesley Philippines

2 Principles of Microbial Ecology Brock TD (1966) Prentice hall USA

3 Environmental Microbiology Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Blackie London

4 Microbial Ecology Campbell R (1977) Blackwell Scientific London

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

18

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-473 TECHNIQUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits 0-0-3

1 To measure the DNA content in a given sample

2 Isolation of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA of microorganisms by mini prep protocol

3 Microbial growth kinetic studies

4 Effect of different temperature on yeast growth

5 Effect of aeration on growth kinetics of yeast

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 To study the product synthesis kinetics

8 To study substrate consumption rate

9 Demonstration of electrophoresis (Agarose and SDS)

10 Demonstration of immobilization techniques

11 Principle and working components of thin layer chromatography

12 Demonstration of working of GLC and HPLC

13 Demonstration of UVVIS spectroscopy

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

19

MSc Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-II)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FMP-474 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-3

1 Isolation and Enumeration of bacteria fungi actinomycetes from different

ecosystems

2 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

3 To isolate different organisms such as

a Psychrophiles

b Mesophiles

c Thermophiles

d Halophilic microorganisms from different sources

4 To isolate xenobiotic degrading microorganisms

5 To study the effect of physiological parameters on growth Viz Effects of Carbon

Nitrogen pH sugar temperature and NaCl concentration on microbial growth

6 To study the diauxic growth

7 Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture

8 To study enzyme kinetics

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

20

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-511 MALTING BREWING amp ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Introduction Brief Enzyme Overview Classification amp Nomenclature General

characteristics Advantages of enzymatic process over chemical process Challenges for

commercialisation of enzymes in food industry

Application of enzyme in food industries enzymes in milk and cheese industry baking

industry alcoholic beverages (wine and beer) and fruit juices starch and sugar industries

Thermozymes their mechanism of thermo stability and uses Hybrid enzymes Ribozymes

and their uses

Analysis and composition of barley amp malt sampling physical analysis chemical amp

biochemical analysis germination test Suitability of different cereals for malting Principles

amp technology for malting Physiological and enzymatic transformations caused by malting

Brewing process and defects of beer

Recommended Books

1 Palmer T and Philip L Enzymes Biochemistry Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry

Published by Horwood Publishing Group Chichester 2007

2 Price N C and Stevens L Fundamentals of Enzymology The cell and molecular

biology of catalytic proteins 3rd edition Published by Oxford University Press 1999

3 Pandey A Webb C Soccol C R and Larroche C Enzyme Technology Published by

Asiatech Publishers INC New Delhi 2004

4 Tucker GA and Taybor AJ Enzymes in food processing Springer Publisher 1995

5 Moll M (1999) Brewing Science Vol-I

6 Reed Gerald Enzymes in food processing Academic Press Inc 2nd Edition 2005

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

21

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-512 Environmental Biotechnology

Credits 3-0-0

Purification of waste water by aerobic processes Communal sewage and industrial

effluents Aims and limitations of aerobic bioprocessing Activated sludge process Trickling

filter process lagoon process Purification of effluents by anaerobic processing Biology of

methane formation

Microbiology of cellulose degradation Enzymatic aspects of cellulolysis Potential

application of Microbial cellulases Microbiology of lignin degradation white-rot brown-rot

and soft-rot type fungal attack in ligninolysis Enzymology of lignin degradation and their

biotechnological applications Brief account of microbial degradation of pectin and

hemicellulose with their potential applications

The concept of Bioremediation efficacy testing approaches to bioremediation

Environmental modifications for Bioremediation Microbial seeding and Bioengineering

Approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Gaseous and Heavy metal air pollutants

Microbes as sources of Atmospheric pollutants microbes as sinks for Bioscrubbers and

biofilters

Microbial Insecticides Bacillus thruingensis The concept of endotoxins and cry

genes B thruingensis as a present day bioinsecticide (Bacillus sphaericus) B popilliae) and

Baculoviouses Biology of baculoviruses Baculoviruses as Insecticides and their future

potential Bacterial leaching from ores microorganisms associated with recovery of copper

by direct and indirect leaching uranium leaching

Books Recommended

1 Atlas RM and Bartha M (1981) Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

Addision-Wesley Philipines

2 Campbel R (1977) Microbial Ecology Balckwell Scienctific London

3 Grant WD and Long PE (1981) Environmental Microbiology Balckie London

4 Bioreactors in Biotechnology A practical approach (1991) Scragg AH Ellis

Horwood Ltd17

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

22

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-513 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credit 3-0-0

Definition and scope Historical developments in Industrial Microbiology Isolation and

screening of industrially important microorganisms maintenance of industrial cultures

Definition of fermentation fermentorbioreactor Brief description and design of CSTR

fermentor Fermentation media inoculum development

Primary products of microbial metabolism Beer alcohol Single cell protein amino acids

(lysine and glutamic acid) production of citric acid by Koji process and submerged process

enzymes production nucleic acids

Secondary products of microbial metabolism Antibiotics (penicillin tetracycline) alkaloids

taxol fermentation economics product recovery of alcohol citric acid enzymes

antibioticsalkaloids

Books Recommended

1 Industrial Microbiology Ed Casida LE (1996) New Age International Publishers

2 Industrial Microbiology Eds Prescott and Dunn (1991)

3 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

4 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

5 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

(2006)

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

23

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-514 APPLIED FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Food as nutrient for micro-organisms Extrinsic and intrinsic factors of food affecting the

growth of micro-organisms Causes of food spolage Microbiological and food enzymes

General principles of food preservation Micro-organisms (yeast bacterial and molds)

important in food microbiology Concept of probiotics Processing and spoilage of dairy

products Cheese (Cheddar and Mold ripened) fermented milk cultured butter milk yogurt

Kefir Koumiss Bulgarian milk acidophilus milk Processing and spoilage of vegetables and

fruits (Sauerkraut Pickles Cereal products Soya sauce miso tempeh Idli dosa bread)

Microorganisms as sources of SCPMicrobiology quality controlHazard analysis and critical

control points (HACCP) Methods for microbiological examination of foods (Direct

Examination cultural techniques) enumeration methods Alternate indirect methods

(dye reduction electrical ATP) rapid methods for detection of specific organisms and

toxins (immunologicalmolecular methods) Food Laws

Books Recommended

1 Banwart GJ 1989 Basic Good Microbiology 2ndEdition Van Nostrand Reinnold

2 Frazier WC and Westener DC 1988 Food Microbiology 4th edition McGraw Hill

Inc New York

3 Jay JM 1986 Modern Food Microbiology 3rd Edition Van Nostrand Reinhold

4 Hayes PR (1992) Food microbiology and hygiene Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

England

5 Blackburn CW 2006 Food Spoilage micro-organisms CHIPS New York USA

6 Doyle MP Beuchat LR Montville TJ 2001 Food Microbiology Fundamentals and

Frontiers 2nd Edition ASM press USA

7 Blackburn CW and McClure PJ 2002 Food borne pathogens hazards risk analysis and

control Wood Head Publishing UK

8 Brown M 2002 Microbiological risk assessment in food processing Wood Head

Publishing UK

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

24

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

CSL-591 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Credits 3-0-0

Unit-I Computer fundamentals Introduction to digital computers Organization Number system IO devices Storage devices MS-Windows basics MS-office MS-Word-Meaning of word-Processing Creating Saving Printing Documents Page Setup Formatting Spell-Check Adding page numbers Header and Footer Macros Creating tables Converting table to text and vice-versa Mail Merge Ms-Excel-spreadsheets Using different types of formulae Creating graphs and charts Exporting charts to MS-Word MS-Power Point Creating presentations Formatting Adding effects and timings

Unit-II Introduction to Data Information Database DBMS (Advantages and disadvantages) MS-Access Basics of MS Access Introduction to SQL (Data retrieval) Data analysis and database- Brief description and tabulation of data Measure of central tendency and dispersion-Mean Median Mode Range Standard Deviation Variance and Correlation coefficient using SPSS Types of errors and level of significance Tests of significance (F and t-test) Chi-square tests

Unit-III

Internet basics Introduction to internet and its applications-www email ftp Virtual library and some useful sites on Internet-Searching MEDLINE on the Pubmed system from National Centre for Biotechnology and Information Assessing full text journals on the internet and printing articles using End Note Databases (Genes Bank) search tools and software at httpwwwncbinlmnihgov Restriction enzyme site digestion webcutter20 at httpwwwfirsmarketcomcuttercut2html PCR and multiplex PCR guide and troubleshooting at httpwwwmedyaleedugeneticswardtaviTrbleshthtml Image analysis program at httpwwwscioncorpcom Books Recommended 1 Sinha PK (2004) Computer Fundamentals 2 Peter Nortons Introduction to Computers 6thEd 3 Windows Based Computer Courses Sumit Kumar Maalti Sandeep Sood JBD Publishers 4 Gupta SC (2008)Fundamentals of Statistics Himalaya Publishing House

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

25

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-523 INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LAB

Credits 0-0-45

1 Microbial biodiversity of different ecosystems

2 To study the effect of different sugar and NaCl concentration on yeast growth

3 Effect of different temperatures on yeast growth

4 Isolation of N2 fixing bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria

5 Soil Enrichment Technique

6 Isolation of cellulase producing fungi

7 Differentiation of white-rot and brown-rot fungi

8 To study the BOD amp COD levels of different water systems

9 Bacteriological analysis of water by presumptive confirmatory and completed tests

10 Screening industrially important microorganisms from soils food processing wastes

animal droppings

11 To evaluate the production of alcohol from molasses amp lignocellulosics

12 Microbial biomass production (fungibacteriayeast) batch and continuous culture

13 To compare production of citric acid using sucrose and molasses as carbon source

14 Production of lactic acid using cheese whey as substrate

15 Production of extracellular enzymes (pectinase and xylanase) by thermophilic and

mesophilic fungal culture

16 To isolate rare genera of microorganisms for novel antibiotic production and to evaluate

the potential of different media for antibiotic production

17 To study the protoplasting and regeneration in fungi

18 Isolation of fungi genomic DNA and plasmid DNA by mini prep protocol

19 To study the role of plasmid in degradation of xenobiotic compounds and curing of

plasmid

20 PCR amplification of DNA from natural sources

21 Purification of xylanase any extracellular enzyme by Ion exchangegel filtration

chromatography and SDS-PAGE to ascertain the purity of the protein

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

26

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-III)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-524 Food Microbiology Lab

Credits 0-0-4

1 The Microorganisms present in spoiled Bread Dry Milk Raw Milk Condensed Milk

Jam Butter Cheese etc

2 The enumeration and identification of micro flora involved in spoilage through SPC and

microscopic method

3 To study microbiological quality of raw milk pasteurized milk and dry milk

4 To compare the percentage acidity of milk and curd

5 To check the quality of pasteurization by phosphate test

6 To determine to ascorbic acid content of given food material by 2 6-dichlorophenol

indophenols method

7 To prepare the fermented food sauerkraut and study its microbiology and spoilage

8 To determine and compare the effect of deep-freezing and refrigeration on the viability of

microorganisms

9 To isolate and recognize the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of yoghurt

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

27

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL- 561 Recent Advances in Fermentation Technology

Credits 4-0-0

The syllabus for this paper will consist of topics of current research Every year the

scientific articles will be selected from leading journals reviews and books

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

28

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-562 ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

Credits 3-0-0

Microbial biodiversity and its importance in industrial microbiology methods of

isolation High throughput screening (HTS) of microbes and metagenomic libraries

for industrially important enzymes bio-molecules (anti-cancer anti-inflammatory

antimicrobial compounds etc) raw materials of industrial importance Continuous

and fed batch cultures

Strain development by mutagenesis protoplast fusion and transformation Methods

for cloning the genes System biology (genome transcriptome proteome

metabolome fluxome) in strain improvement

Important microbial products and technology for production of bioethanol from

cellulosic waste Single cell oil polysaccharides (xanthan) fermentation of

pharmaceutical molecules lovastatin β carotene production of recombinant vaccines

insulin

Industrially important biotransformation Immobilization of whole cells and enzymes

protein engineering metabolic engineering inverse metabolic engineering

Intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents laws governing in Indian patents related

to microbial products and processes

Books Recommended

1 Manual Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology (eds) AL Demain and Solomon N

A (1986) ASM Washington DC

2 Principles of Fermentation Technology Stansbury and Whittaker Pergamon Press

3 Recombinant microbes for industrial and agricultural application (eds) Y Murroka T

Imanuka (1994) Marcel Dekker Inc

4 Biotechnology 2nd Edition W Crueger and A Crueger (1992) Panima Publishers

5 Microbial Technology Vol I and II Eds Peppler and Perlman (1979) Academic Press

6 Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV Ed Moo Young (1984) Pergamon Press

7 Recent review and research articles from scientific journals

8 Industrial Microbiology An Introduction Waites MJ Morgan N Rockey

JSand Higton G (2001) Blackwell publishing

9 Proteomoics ad potein protein imteractions Biology chemistrybioinfomatics and drug

design Waksman(2006)

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

29

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-591 Microbial Enzymes (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Fundamentals of Enzymology Nature of enzymes-Structural and functional aspects

Physiological significance of enzymes classification and nomenclature importance of the

study of enzymes

Enzyme kinetics Rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions rate laws and rate contents Michelis

Meton`s hypothesis significance and determination of Km and Vmax enzyme inhibition-

revisable and irreversible inhibition competitive noncompetitive and uncompetitive

inhibition effect of physic chemical factors on enzyme activity

History and scientific basis of commercial exploitation Microbiology enzyme Biochemistry

and physiology of microbial enzyme procedure mechanism regulation of enzyme synthesis

Increasing yield of extracellular enzymes- strain selection environmental control genetic

regulation controls genetic recombination and gene amplification techniques

Detailed study of some commercially important microbial enzyme

Methods of industrial production and applications of amylases proteinases cellulases

pectinases glucose exidase glucose dehydrogenase glucose isomerase B gal actosidase and

invertases Recovery and purification of enzymes

cell disruption precipitation solidliquid separation chromatographic techniques

stabilization of enzymes

Immobilization of Microbial enzymes Introduction development of immobilization

techniques examples of Immobilization of Microbial enzymes useful in food system and

biotechnology

Books Recommended

1 Carr PW and LD 1986 immobilization Enzymes in analytical and Clinical

chemistry John Wiley and sons New York

2 Lehniniger A 1978 Biochemistry Worht Publication USA Propoler HJ and

Periman D 1979 Microbial Technology Vol 1 microbial processes Academic

Press

3 Perman D 1979 Advance in Applied Microbiology Vol 25 Academic Press

4 Ramachandran KB 1985 Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering Vol 1 amp II

BEC I New Delhi

5 Rose AH 1980 Mircobial enzymes and Bioconversions Economic Microbiology

Vol15 Academic Press

6 Smith JE Berry DR and Kristansan B 1983 Filament Fungi Vol IV Fungal

Technology Edward Arnold(Publishers) Limited

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

30

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL592 Basics of Immunology (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Types of immunity innate and acquired Features of immune response Acute-Phase reaction

Lymphoid cells heterogeneity of lymphoid cells T-cells Null cells Monocytes

Primary and secondary lymphoid organs-Thymus spleen lymph nodes lymphatic system

Antigens and adjuvants Antigen-antibody interactions affinity and avidity immunoglobulin

classes complement fixing antibodies and complement cascade

Recognition of antigens by T-cell and role of MHC structure of T-cell antigen receptors

TCR BCR

Types of hypersensitivity reactions autoimmune disorders diagnostic prognostic and

prophylactic aspects

Various types of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic procedure Immunoblot

ELISA RIA agglutination of pathogenic bacteria hemaglutination and hemeagglutination

inhibition cellular techniques

Books Recommended

1 Kuby j(1992) Immunology WH FreeemaUSA

2 PaulWE (1991)Immunology Recognition and Respones WH FreemanNew York

3 Playfair JHL(1992)Immunology at a Glance (5th ed) Blackwell Scientific publication

OxfordS

4 Roitt IM Brostoff J Male DK (2001) Immunology Mosby Inc UK

5 Janeway CA Trevors P Walport M Schlomhick M (2001) Immuno biology The Immune

system in health and disease 5th Edition Garland Publication USA

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

31

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTL-593 WASTE RECYCLING (Elective)

Credits 3-0-0

Ecological aspects of biodeterioration control soil waste and water management treatment of

solid wastes (landfills sanitary landfills composting aerobic and anaerobic)

Treatment of liquid waste Waste water characteristics activated sludge process waste

stabilization ponds anaerobic fixed film systems anaerobic degradation of toxic and

hazardous wastes Mixed culture interaction during waste water treatment high rate

anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Down flow stationery fixed film reactor

Testing for biodegradability biomagnification bioremediation efficacy testing side effect

testing approaches to bioremediation Environmental modification for bioremediation

Microbial seeding a bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants Role of

microbial sensors in environment monitoring BOD and methane sensors

Books Recommended

1 Tandon HLS (Ed) 1995 Recycling of crop animal human and Industrial wastes in

agriculture Fertilizer development and consultation organization New Delhi India

2 Wesley Eckenfeldev W 1989 Industrial waster pollution control McGraw Hill Inc

USA

3 Atlas RM and Bartha M 1991 Microbial Ecology Fundamentals and applications

ddison Wesley Philippines

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

32

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-574 Industrial Training

Credits 0-0-4

Hands on training of six weeks duration in Fermentation IndustryResearch Institute and

submission of project report

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

33

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-575 Field Study

Credit 0-0-1

Includes visit to Food Fermentation and Pharmaceutical Industries and submission of report

on technical problems faced by the industry in production quality control packaging and

waste management and suggestions for improvement

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes

34

MSc (Hons) Fermentation amp Microbial Technology) (Semester-IV)

(Under Credit Based Continuous Evaluation Grading System)

FTP-576 Advanced Practicals in Microbiology

Credits 0-0-45

1 Production of enzymes by submerged culture and Solid state fermentation

2 Enzyme assays based on natural and synthetic substrates

3 Purification of enzymes

Ultrafiltration

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Gel Filteration

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

4 SDS PAGE and Gel filtration for determining the molecular weight and purity of protein

5 Iso electric focusing of the purified protein for determining the pI of purified enzyme

6 Zymogram for localization of the enzyme activity using PAGE

7 Profiling of enzyme activity in IEF gels

8 Characterization of purified enzyme for optimal pH temperature thermostability effect

of metal ions substrate specificity

9 Enzyme kinetics determining the Km and Vmax values

10 2 DE for proteome based analysis of enzymes