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FAILINGCULVERT
SOLUTIONS
www.rinkerpipe.com | www.concretepipe.org
Tiffany Ferrell, Rinker MaterialsAl Hogan, ACPA
objective and agenda
Objectiveto empower you with resources andfundamentals to logically approach afailing or failed culvert scenario
AgendaI. Causes of deteriorationII. Overview of culvert repair methods
what is failure?
Failure can lead to roadwaycollapse or washout, areaflooding, embankment erosion, orblockage.
Culvert and Storm Drain System InspectionManual, AASHTO, First Edition 2016(Draft).
A culvert is considered to be infailure when it is no longer fit forservice.
Culvert Risk Assessment Guideline, Roadsand Traffic Authority of New South Wales,Australia, October 2008.
CAUSES OF DETERIORATION
design issues
loss of soil envelopejoint separation
structural compromisecorrosion / abrasion / excessive deformation
buoyancy | flotation concerns
installation methods
environmental | development | other
Increased runoff fromdevelopment or vegetation loss
Bedload | debris | runoff
Undermining and washout
FAILING CULVERT METHODS
Failing Culvert Solutions
Open Cut / Replace
open cut
Palm Bay Road Culvert Project
Brevard County, FL | failed 82”x112”x80’ arch CMP | replaced with RCB
open cut
Advantages• Improve durability and quality• Long-term solution• Maintain and/or improve
hydraulic capacity
Disadvantages• Impacts road users• Potentially cost prohibitive
Precast Box CulvertsEase of construction – pipe crew
No lengthy design timeReduced open trench time
Failing Culvert Solutions
Trenchless
Lining Rehab
Cured inplace
Shotcrete
Variousplastic
products
Pipe sizes4” to 108”
CIPP
deformation reflected | structural concerns must be addressed
CIPP
shotcrete
Wet process
Rebar welded toexisting structure
Invert corroded
Pipe structurallydeficient
spiral wound liner
Winding machine rotates
Edges of the profile stripsinterlock
Rotational action advancesliner through the host pipe
Watertight seal jointReduces impact of hydraulic capacity
Extends life of host pipe
trenchless – lining rehab
Disadvantages• Unable to clean mechanically
(CIPP)• Loss of hydraulic capacity• Curing Concern• Long term durability• Costs• Chemical agent release• Host pipe integrity
Advantages• Reduce road user impacts• Minimize impact to existing
roadway• Limited to no excavation• Effectively reduce
infiltration/leaks
Failing Culvert Solutions
Trenchless
Sliplining Rehab
Jacking Pipeclay, concrete,
fiberglass
Liner plate
Plastic linerwith concreteannular grout
Oldest method for rehabRepairs leaks
Restores structural stability
Typical Carrier PipeHDPE
Fiberglass RP (FRP)PVC
Tunnel liner
“Good back grouting practice ensures a proper job and helps develop thefull supporting strength of the liner ring for final loads.”
trenchless – sliplining rehab
TechniqueLong continuous pipe
Fusible PVC
Annular Space GroutedTransfers external loads
Mobilize support of existing pipe
trenchless – sliplining rehab
trenchless – sliplining rehab
trenchless – sliplining rehab
Disadvantages• Continuous generally requires
bypassing• Loss of hydraulic capacity• Long term durability• Costs (repeat)• Host pipe integrity
Advantages• Reduce road user impacts• Minimize impact to existing
roadway• Limited to no excavation• Effectively reduce
infiltration/leaks• Can be cost effective• Segmental may not require
bypassing flow
Failing Culvert Solutions
Trenchless
Tunnel & Replace
Jacking PipeConcrete
Liner plate
tunnel and replaceboring| jacking| tunneling
tunnel and replacepipe jacking
tunnel and replacepipe jacking
A shield and pipe jacking are used to consume an existing culvert with concrete pipe.
DelDOT Route 4
This was the first use of tunnelingwith reinforced concrete pipe in theState of Delaware under Route 4 to
replace a failed CMP.
A 54-inch reinforced concrete pipemanufactured with steel bands jointsand designed to withstand 400,000
lbs. of jacking force was used.
DelDOT Route 4
DelDOT Route 4 – value engineering
VE proposal submitted by Contractor
Proposed jack/tunnel in lieu of opencut
AdvantagesCost savings - $126,330Reduced MOTNo lane shiftsIncreased work zone safetyNo supporting of existing utilitiesSame contract duration (75 Days)
Cost savings primarily came from reducedmaintenance of traffic and lane shifts
along with not having to relocate existingutilities. This along with little to no traffic
disruption and increased work zonesafety made it an easy decision.
DelDOT Route 4
This successful trenchless technologyproject shows the failing metal
replaced with smooth interior, 100 +
year reinforced concrete pipe andresulted in substantial cost savingsover the original open cut design.
boring | jacking | tunneling| replace
Advantages• Reduce road user impacts
• Reduce costs
• Improve long term durability
• Improve work zone safety
• Improve hydraulic capacity
• Minimize environmental impact
• Minimize impact to existing roadwayalignment
Addresses eroded bedding/backfillMaintains hydraulic capacityEliminates sags in culverts
culvert and storm drain inspection manual
The NCHRP manual updates the 1986Federal Highway Administrations’Culvert Inspection Manual andreflects industry changes, such asnew pipe types, culvert design foralternate uses, evaluation of stormdrains and advanced inspectiontechniques.
National Cooperative HighwayResearch Program (NCHRP) Project14-26: Culvert and Storm DrainSystem Inspection Manual
This report will be printed as anAASHTO manual and should beavailable by the end of September2019.
30 January 2017 © 2017 Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc. 6
culvert and storm drain inspection manual
Culvert and Storm Drain Inspection Manual – Final Report, NCHRP Report 14-26, Transportation Research Board, Beaver, Jessie L.,and Richie, Matthew C., May 2016, http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/webinars/170130.pdf.
conclusion
“The bottom line is DOT and municipalities are allworking for indefinite life out of a culvert. Thequestion is how many interventions and repairs
will it take.”
Adam Matteo, Assistant State Structure and Bridge Engineer, VDOT
Tiffany Ferrell, Rinker [email protected]
www.rinkerpipe.com910-880-0882
Al Hogan, American Concrete Pipe [email protected]
www.concretepipe.org615-351-3017