fair use public history
DESCRIPTION
Presentation at the Organization of American Historians, Washington, DC 2010TRANSCRIPT
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COPYRIGHT & FAIR USE:
PUBLIC HISTORY
Pat Aufderheide Center for Social Media American University
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THE PURPOSE OF
COPYRIGHT
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ONE PURPOSE:
TO PROMOTE THE CREATION OF CULTURE
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By:
•Rewarding creators with limited monopoly
• Encouraging new makers to use existing culture
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WHY BALANCE?
• All culture createdAll culture createdon existing culture on existing culture (we used to know that)(we used to know that)
• The First Amendment The First Amendment (no censorship)(no censorship)
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“Standing on the shoulders of
giants.”
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HOW WE FORGOT BALANCE:• Copyright term
extension
• Default copyright
• Punishing penalties (statutory damages)
• Large content holders’ aggressive tactics
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The Escape Hatch!FAIR USE:
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FAIRFAIR USEUSE •Legal, unauthorized use of Legal, unauthorized use of copyrighted material—under some copyrighted material—under some circumstancescircumstances
•FlexibleFlexible
•BroadBroad
•AdaptableAdaptable
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INDIVIDUALS FEAR…
• Will I get it wrong?
• Will I get sued? $125K+ per infringement!!)
• Will my boss/librarian/client get angry?
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BEST PRACTICES
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COMMUNITIES DEFINE FAIR USE FOR THEMSELVES
• Documentary filmmakers
• Film scholars
• Media literacy teachers
• More
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DOCUMENTARYFILMMAKERS
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RESULTS• Broadcasters program films
• Cablecasters program films
• Filmmakers develop new kinds of projects
• Television/web companies expand their plans
• All insurers of errors and omissions insurance now accept fair use claims
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ONLINE VIDEO
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OTHER CODES useful for public historians
• Media literacy (video contests/teaching)
• Dance archivists (using archival resources for display/podcasting/digital ILL/preservation)
• Scholars’ (eg publishing)
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OTHER OPTIONS• Creative Commons (eg CC on
Flickr)
• Public domain (e.g. The Commons, Library of Congress)
• Special exemptions
• Classrooms
• Libraries
• Print-Disabled
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Please feel free to share this presentation in its entirety. For excerpting, kindly employ the principles of fair use.
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CONTACT INFO
Pat Aufderheide Center for Social MediaSchool of Communication American University Washington, DC [email protected]