Fall Of RomeFall Of RomeFall of Rome:Fall of Rome: Problems: Map pg 161Problems: Map pg 161

Loss of loyalty to empire/ emperorLoss of loyalty to empire/ emperor Wasted $, $ flowing out of empire through tradeWasted $, $ flowing out of empire through trade Civil war for power- armies fight each other, rich vs. Civil war for power- armies fight each other, rich vs.

poor, political offices a burden, corruptionpoor, political offices a burden, corruption Borders overrun, trade not safe, business collapses, Borders overrun, trade not safe, business collapses,

agriculture problems, drought- ruins economyagriculture problems, drought- ruins economy376- 476 AD 376- 476 AD

Germanic tribes pour into Roman territory,Germanic tribes pour into Roman territory,overwhelming Roman control. Many in flight overwhelming Roman control. Many in flight

from the ruthless Mongol invaders from from the ruthless Mongol invaders from the the east, east, The HunsThe Huns

410410 Germanic tribe- Visigoths- attacks Rome and Germanic tribe- Visigoths- attacks Rome and defeats itdefeats it

450’s450’s Attacks by the Huns and Germanic tribes Attacks by the Huns and Germanic tribes Territory broken upTerritory broken up

476476 Last Roman Emperor overthrown. Last Roman Emperor overthrown.

Fall Of RomeFall Of Rome

Results of Germanic Results of Germanic InvasionInvasion

400’s400’s Germanic Tribes overrun EuropeGermanic Tribes overrun Europe Disruption of Trade- business collapses, money is Disruption of Trade- business collapses, money is

scarcescarce Population shift- people are run out of the cities, Population shift- people are run out of the cities,

subsistence farming (population chart pg 317)subsistence farming (population chart pg 317) Decline in learning- no schools, no reading or writing, no Decline in learning- no schools, no reading or writing, no

speaking Greekspeaking Greek Language changes- Latin splits into other languages- Language changes- Latin splits into other languages-

French, Spanish, Italian emergeFrench, Spanish, Italian emerge

400-600400-600 Small Germanic kingdoms arise- ever-changing Small Germanic kingdoms arise- ever-changing bordersborders

Loyalty to family and community- not to state/empireLoyalty to family and community- not to state/empire Germanic cultural stress on personal ties make empire Germanic cultural stress on personal ties make empire

impossibleimpossible

496-600496-600 Clovis- Frankish King converts to Christianity- Clovis- Frankish King converts to Christianity- Church supports him and his military campaigns-Church supports him and his military campaigns-missionaries sent out- many Germanic peoples missionaries sent out- many Germanic peoples converted – controls most of modern day Franceconverted – controls most of modern day France

732732 Battle of Tours- Frankish King (France) Defeats Battle of Tours- Frankish King (France) Defeats Muslim Muslim army and stops expansion into Europearmy and stops expansion into Europe

Monasteries and Convents-Monasteries and Convents- Religious communities- Men and women who gave life to Religious communities- Men and women who gave life to

serving Godserving God Became centers of learning- opened schools, maintained Became centers of learning- opened schools, maintained

libraries, copied books, wrote historylibraries, copied books, wrote historyRole of the Pope-Role of the Pope-590590 Spiritual head also has political powerSpiritual head also has political power

Center of Rome’s govt (city)Center of Rome’s govt (city) Negotiates peace treatiesNegotiates peace treaties Uses church $ to raise armies, repair roads, build Uses church $ to raise armies, repair roads, build

buildings and help the poorbuildings and help the poor

Meanwhile: ByzantineMeanwhile: Byzantine((pg267pg267))

The eastern empire under the name Byzantine is flourishing 330The eastern empire under the name Byzantine is flourishing 330Constantine moves seat of power east to Constantine moves seat of power east to

Constantinople- Constantinople- builds mighty capitalbuilds mighty capital533533 Justianian- recaptures much of previous Rome- Italy, Justianian- recaptures much of previous Rome- Italy,

North Africa, some of Spain.North Africa, some of Spain. Spoke Greek not LatinSpoke Greek not Latin Eastern Orthodox church develops separate from the western Eastern Orthodox church develops separate from the western

CatholicismCatholicism Justianian Code- 5000 laws complied from RomeJustianian Code- 5000 laws complied from Rome Education is preserved- children go to monastic schools, public Education is preserved- children go to monastic schools, public

schools, or have tutors. Study Greek, Latin, History, Art and schools, or have tutors. Study Greek, Latin, History, Art and LiteratureLiterature

Problems within- Plague, continuous military attacksProblems within- Plague, continuous military attacks550’s- 1300’s550’s- 1300’s Continuous military attacks from all sides- Continuous military attacks from all sides-

Early on- Avars, Slavs, and Bulgars in the North, Lombards in the Early on- Avars, Slavs, and Bulgars in the North, Lombards in the west, Persians on the east, west, Persians on the east,

Later- Russians from North, Turks and Arabs from the east.Later- Russians from North, Turks and Arabs from the east.13501350 Controls only the tip of AnatoliaControls only the tip of Anatolia14531453 Constantinople falls to the TurksConstantinople falls to the Turks

Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire

Meanwhile - Russia Meanwhile - Russia (map pg (map pg 275)275)

800’s- 1000’s 800’s- 1000’s North of the Byzantine empire- inhabited by North of the Byzantine empire- inhabited by

Slavic tribes of farmers and traders- People Slavic tribes of farmers and traders- People from north (probably Vikings) came and settled from north (probably Vikings) came and settled (mixed with population)(mixed with population)

Kiev- becomes Principality (small area ruled by Kiev- becomes Principality (small area ruled by a prince) becomes major trading route with a prince) becomes major trading route with Constantinople, Kiev converts to Eastern Constantinople, Kiev converts to Eastern Orthodox ChristianityOrthodox Christianity

Meanwhile- Islam Meanwhile- Islam emergesemerges

613613 Muhammad preaches publicly in Mecca- gets run Muhammad preaches publicly in Mecca- gets run out out gathers following in Medina (pg 241)gathers following in Medina (pg 241) Monotheism- Allah (same God of Jews/Christians)Monotheism- Allah (same God of Jews/Christians) He was the last of the prophetsHe was the last of the prophets Jesus was a prophetJesus was a prophet Good and evil exist, live morallyGood and evil exist, live morally Quaran/ Koran- final holy bookQuaran/ Koran- final holy book 5 duties- faith, prayer, fasting, alms, pilgrimage5 duties- faith, prayer, fasting, alms, pilgrimage

630630 Returns to Mecca with following 10,000. Mecca Returns to Mecca with following 10,000. Mecca surrenders surrenders many many convertconvert

632632 Muhammad dies- New Leader elected- Caliph- Muhammad dies- New Leader elected- Caliph- becomes becomes head of militaryhead of military

Shite/ Sunni split over who should be CaliphShite/ Sunni split over who should be Caliph634 Controls all of Arabia634 Controls all of Arabia

750750 Conquest continues- Controls North Africa, Spain, Conquest continues- Controls North Africa, Spain, middle east, southwest Asia (map of page 241)middle east, southwest Asia (map of page 241)

Legacies-Legacies- Huge trade network- Mediterranean sea and Indian oceanHuge trade network- Mediterranean sea and Indian ocean

Common language- Arabic, Common language- Arabic, Common currency- dinarCommon currency- dinar Creation of banks, credit, issuing of sakk (check)Creation of banks, credit, issuing of sakk (check)

Immense achievements in arts and sciencesImmense achievements in arts and sciences Collection of poets, philosophers, scientists, doctorsCollection of poets, philosophers, scientists, doctors Rise of citiesRise of cities

IslamIslam