fall risk and physical therapy

7/31/2019 Fall Risk and Physical Therapy

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EXERCISES


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Fall facts

25-38% seniors over 65 fall each year. Falls frequencyincreases with age

1/10 falls cause severeinjuries(hip &head)


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Behavioural risk factorsqMultiple medications

qExcessive alcohol intake and smoking

qLack of exercises

qChronic illness(eg.parkinsons disease,arthritis,osteoporosis)


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Fall risk at home

Stairswith no

handrails


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Improper footwear


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Throw rugs in awalking path



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Dimlighting


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Narrowpassag

es


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Pets


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Furnitures


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Cordsin apath


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Impact of falls

Disability anddeath

Nursing home

dependency


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Fear of FallingWarningSigns

q Need to touch or holdonto things or people

q Walks very slowlyq Takes small stepsq Limited movementq Expresses a fear of falling


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Prevention tips

qTreat acute injury & underlyingmedical conditions

q

Remove unnecessary medications

qRehab, exercises, assistive devices

qCorrect sensory impairments

qEnvironmental modifications & safety

qEvaluate for osteoporosis treatment


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Make your home safer

Bathroomgrab bars for toilet andbathtub.use nonslippery tiles or mats.


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Kitchen

Look at your kitchen and eating area.

qMove items in your cabinets.

Keep things you use often onthe lower shelves(above waist level).

qIf you must use a step stool, getone with a bar tohold on to.Never use chairs as step stools


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FLO O RS:Look at the floorin each roomqAsk someone to move furniture so your path is

clear.

qRemove rugs or use rugs wont slip

qPick up things on thefloor

qAlways keepobjects off the flooroms.


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STAIRS AND STEPS:

qProper lighting

qHandrails

qFix loose rails


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BEDROOMSqPlace a lamp near to bed

qPut a night light


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Make your home safer

qGet up slowly after you sit or lie down

qImprove the lighting in your home

qWear footwear that give good support inside andoutside


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Assistive Devices

Walkers:qimprove balanceq reduce weight bearingqprovide 4-way stability

Canes:qimprove balanceqprovide support


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Assistive Devices contd


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ExercisesqStrengthening Exercises

qBalance Retraining

qGeneral fitness


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Benefits of exercisesqIncrease bone density

q maintain/improve cardiovascular function

qIncrease muscle strength

q

improve posture,and flexibilityq improve balance and confidence


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Lack of exercises

qloss of muscle and bone mass


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q

W eakness and postural changes


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qDecrease cardiovascular fitness


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qIncreased feelings of anxiety,

fear and depression


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Aerobic exercises -WalkingTips for walkingqWear comfortable shoes and clothing.

qStart with a warm-up marching on the spot for 2 minutes


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W hen you w alkqThe shoulders are relaxed and the arms gentlyswing.

qLook ahead, not down.

qWith each step the heel landsfirst, then you push off on the toes.

q Finish with a warm-down

marching on the spot for two minutes.

q Enjoy yourself!


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Appropriate exercise

sessionqGradual warm up and cool down

qStart slowly

qRest in between exercise sessions

qGood physical support


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Contact your doctor if w hile

exercising you experience...

qDizziness

qChest pain

qShortness of breath


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Thank You!

Have a Great Day!


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Head M ovem ents


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Neck m ovem ents


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Trunk m ovem ents


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Ankle m ovem ents


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Getting stronger by using

w eight cuffs


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Front knee strengtheningexercises


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Back knee strengthening

exercises


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Side hip strengthening

exercises


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Calf raises hold support


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Toe raises hold support


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Balance

Sit to stand


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Partial squats


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Backward walking with

support


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Sidew ay W alking


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Heel to toe standing


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Heel to toe w alking


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Single limb standing


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Stepping over objects

fall risk and physical therapy

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